CN115680545B - Steel coiled tubing downhole cable passing bypass nipple - Google Patents
Steel coiled tubing downhole cable passing bypass nipple Download PDFInfo
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- CN115680545B CN115680545B CN202110854973.1A CN202110854973A CN115680545B CN 115680545 B CN115680545 B CN 115680545B CN 202110854973 A CN202110854973 A CN 202110854973A CN 115680545 B CN115680545 B CN 115680545B
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明为一种钢制连续管井下电缆穿越旁通短节，包括外管，外管内具有中心通道以及偏心通道和斜向通道。在中心通道内设有上花环和下花环，上花环和下花环均具有能供电缆穿过的中心孔以及设在中心孔周围的多个过油孔。在上花环和下花环之间连接有卡瓦连接器，卡瓦连接器的内通径与中心孔正对设置并能供电缆穿过，卡瓦连接器内具有能径向收缩且内壁具有齿牙的卡瓦，卡瓦呈收缩状态设置且齿牙能咬住电缆。本发明能同时满足井下电缆的固定、密封和穿越旁通的功能，并能保证过流通径，且结构简单，成本低。
The present invention is a steel continuous pipe downhole cable crossing bypass short section, comprising an outer tube, wherein the outer tube has a central channel, an eccentric channel and an oblique channel. An upper rosette and a lower rosette are arranged in the central channel, and both the upper rosette and the lower rosette have a central hole through which the cable can pass, and a plurality of oil holes arranged around the central hole. A slip connector is connected between the upper rosette and the lower rosette, and the inner diameter of the slip connector is arranged opposite to the central hole and can allow the cable to pass through. The slip connector has a slip that can contract radially and has teeth on the inner wall, and the slip is arranged in a contracted state and the teeth can bite the cable. The present invention can simultaneously meet the functions of fixing, sealing and crossing bypass of downhole cables, and can ensure the flow path, and has a simple structure and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction or operation of a built-in cable steel coiled tubing, in particular to a steel coiled tubing underground cable crossing bypass nipple.
Background
Coiled tubing is widely used for various oil and gas wells as a main stream form of transportation tools in current oil and gas extraction construction. In the visual logging and coiled tubing oil extraction operation, a power cable and a signal cable are led into a downhole submersible electric pump from a wellhead to be in butt joint. Conventional rodless oil recovery methods connect directly to the electric submersible pump by lashing the cable outside the tubing, which is extremely vulnerable to damage. The cable under the current coiled tubing technology adopts the form of internally penetrating the cable, and under the condition that the cable technology of the current oil well is mature, the safety of the cable is greatly ensured. However, unlike internally threaded electrical cables, submersible electrical pumps require traversing downhole, correspondingly requiring traversing bypass tools and completing the suspension and sealing of the cable.
The current patents related to cable crossing mainly comprise China patent number CN 210948537U, china patent number 2020, 7/2020, fixed and limited by a pull rope and a positioning groove, china patent number CN 210866621U, china patent number 2020, 6/26, with pin connection and double sealing, china patent number CN208461432U, china patent number 2019, 2/1, and copper ball sealing. However, these methods have been proposed only for sealing and suspending the cable, and have high manufacturing costs, and it is difficult to secure the path of the pipeline in the case of limited allowable space. One is, for example, chinese patent number CN 202850883U, publication date 2013, 4, 3, which provides a downhole cable bypass joint device that is simple and compact, but lacks sealing means, and is easy for the annulus gas-liquid to enter the interior. One is Chinese patent with publication number CN 111326865A and publication date of 23/6/2020, which completes the connection function of power cable, but the connection mode is difficult to ensure the path of pipeline after being installed inside the tool, and the Chinese patent with publication number CN 204827415U and publication date of 2015, which completes the cable crossing and sealing, but lacks the fixing mechanism of cable, the cable is easy to shake in the tool, and the service life of the cable is affected. The above patents cannot simultaneously satisfy the functions of fixing, sealing and passing through the bypass of the underground cable. And the existing patent has complex structure and high manufacturing and installation cost.
Aiming at the requirements of oil extraction and operation of the steel coiled tubing with the built-in cable, the cable needs to pass through the inside of the oil pipe to finish the function of connecting with the leading-in cable of the electric pump after bypass crossing, and meanwhile, the cable also needs to finish underground fixation. Corresponding devices or tools and associated sealing methods are currently lacking.
Therefore, the inventor provides a steel coiled tubing downhole cable to pass through the bypass nipple joint by virtue of experience and practice of related industries for many years so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a steel coiled tubing underground cable crossing bypass nipple, which can simultaneously meet the functions of fixing, sealing and crossing bypass of the underground cable, can ensure the passing flow path, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.
The invention aims to achieve the purpose that a steel coiled tubing underground cable passes through a bypass pup joint, which comprises an outer tube, wherein a central channel arranged at the upper part of the outer tube, an eccentric channel and an inclined channel arranged at the lower part of the outer tube are arranged in the outer tube, the eccentric channel and the inclined channel are both communicated with the central channel, the central channel is upwards communicated with the upper end of the outer tube, the axis of the eccentric channel deviates from the central line of the central channel, the lower part of the eccentric channel is deflected and then is communicated with the center of the lower end of the outer tube, a notch is formed in the outer side wall of the lower part of the outer tube, the lower end of the inclined channel is communicated with the notch, the inclined channel can be used for a cable to pass through in a sealing manner, an upper garland and a lower garland which are arranged at intervals are arranged in the central channel, a plurality of oil passing holes which can be used for a cable to pass through are arranged around the central hole, a slip connector is connected between the upper garland and the lower garland, the inner diameter of the slip connector is arranged opposite to the central hole and can be used for the cable to pass through, the slip connector is provided with teeth which can shrink radially and the inner wall and have teeth, and the teeth can be snapped by the cable.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the slip connector further comprises an upper connecting pipe and a lower connecting pipe, wherein the upper connecting pipe and the lower connecting pipe are axially limited between the upper garter and the lower garter, an inner conical surface with the diameter gradually expanding downwards is arranged in the upper connecting pipe, the outer wall of the slip is an outer conical surface matched with the inner conical surface, the slip is arranged in the upper connecting pipe in a penetrating mode in a shrinking mode, the outer wall of the upper end of the lower connecting pipe is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the lower end of the upper connecting pipe, and the upper end of the lower connecting pipe can prop against the slip.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the slip is a tapered pipe body with longitudinal cuts, the teeth are formed on the inner wall of the tapered pipe body, the outer tapered surface is formed on the outer wall of the tapered pipe body, and a plurality of slits are formed on the pipe wall of the tapered pipe body and extend to one end of the tapered pipe body.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of slits includes a plurality of first slits and a plurality of second slits that are staggered, the first slits extend upward to the upper end of the tapered tube body, and the second slits extend downward to the lower end of the tapered tube body.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper end of the lower connecting pipe is fixedly connected with the lower end of the slips in the circumferential direction.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper adapter comprises an outer sheath and an inner taper sleeve, wherein the inner part of the outer sheath is provided with a stepped mounting hole with a diameter which is enlarged downwards, the inner taper sleeve is inserted into the stepped mounting hole and can be abutted against a top hole shoulder of the stepped mounting hole, and an inner taper surface is formed on the inner wall of the inner taper sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, an upper stepped hole with an enlarged diameter is formed downwards at the lower part of the central hole of the upper garter, an upper convex ring is formed at the upper end of the upper connecting pipe, the upper convex ring can be inserted into the upper stepped hole and can prop against the top hole shoulder of the upper stepped hole, a lower stepped hole with an enlarged diameter is formed upwards at the upper part of the central hole of the lower garter, a lower convex ring is formed at the lower end of the lower connecting pipe, and the lower convex ring can be inserted into the lower stepped hole and can prop against the bottom hole shoulder of the lower stepped hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an upper limit step and a lower limit step are formed on the inner wall of the outer tube, and the upper garter ring and the lower garter ring can respectively abut against the upper limit step and the lower limit step.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer tube comprises an upper tube body and a lower tube body which are connected in an up-down sealing way, a part of the central channel is formed in the upper tube body, the other part of the central channel is formed at the upper part of the lower tube body, the eccentric channel and the oblique channel are both formed at the lower part of the lower tube body, the notch is formed on the outer wall of the lower tube body, and the upper garter ring and the lower garter ring are respectively arranged in the upper tube body and the lower tube body.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a traversing stepped hole with increased aperture is formed downwards at the lower part of the inclined channel, an upper compression ring, a rubber cylinder, a lower compression ring and a hollow bolt are sequentially embedded in the traversing stepped hole from top to bottom, the hollow bolt is in threaded connection with the hole wall of the traversing stepped hole, and the hollow bolt can prop against the lower compression ring.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the axis of the inclined channel and the axis of the outer tube is 5-10 °.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the notch in the plane where the axis of the eccentric channel and the axis of the oblique channel are located is a trapezoid, the bottom of the trapezoid corresponds to the opening end of the notch, two waists of the trapezoid are both oblique sides, and one of the oblique sides is communicated with the lower end of the oblique channel and is perpendicular to the axis of the oblique channel.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the angle between the oblique side of the trapezoid, which is far away from the oblique channel, and the axis of the outer tube is less than or equal to 30 °.
According to the steel coiled tubing underground cable, the bypass nipple is penetrated through, teeth can bite the cable through radial contraction of slips in the slip connector, hanging fixation of the cable is achieved, hanging is stable, through matching of central holes of the upper garter ring and the lower garter ring and a plurality of surrounding oil passing holes, the passing flow path of the cable in a tool is guaranteed under the condition that the cable is internally fixed, the need of a milling process on the outer tube is avoided, production cost is reduced, bypass penetration of the cable is achieved through matching of the eccentric channel and the inclined channel, connection of the lower end of the whole bypass nipple with other tool strings is not affected, and meanwhile the inclined channel has a sealing function, and the fact that air liquid of the oil lantern ring enters the outer tube in use is avoided. The whole bypass nipple simultaneously meets the functions of fixing, sealing and passing through the bypass of the underground cable, can ensure the passing flow path, has simple structure and low manufacturing and installation cost, can penetrate the cable into the continuous pipe, is connected with the cable of the submersible electric pump in the well bottom by the inside of the continuous pipe in a cable passing way, can obviously reduce the damage to the cable in the operation process, and improves the safety and the efficiency of the operation.
Drawings
The following drawings are only for purposes of illustration and explanation of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to the present invention through a bypass nipple.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an outer tube provided by the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the upper garter provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the upper garter of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the lower garter provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the slip connector of fig. 1.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a slip provided by the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a slip provided by the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a top view of the slip of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the down tube provided by the invention.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a down tube according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a down tube provided by the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a top view of the downpipe of fig. 12.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. Outer tube, 11, central channel, 12, eccentric channel, 121, axial channel, 122, inclined channel, 13, inclined channel, 131, through stepped hole, 14, notch, 15, upper tube, 151, upper limit step, 16, lower tube, 161, lower limit step, 17, sealing ring;
21. the device comprises an upper garter, 211, an upper stepped hole, 22, a lower garter, 221, a lower stepped hole, 23, a central hole, 24 and an oil hole;
3. a slip connector;
31. Upper connecting pipe 311, outer sheath 3111, ladder mounting hole 3112, upper convex ring 312, inner cone sleeve 3121, inner cone surface;
32. Slips, 321, teeth, 322, outer conical surface, 323, longitudinal cuts, 324, slits, 3241, first slits, 3242, second slits, 325, grooves;
33. 331, the bulge, 332, lower bulge loop;
4. a pressing ring is arranged;
5. a rubber cylinder;
6. A lower pressing ring;
7. A hollow bolt.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the present embodiment provides a steel coiled tubing downhole cable passing through a bypass sub, comprising an outer tube 1. The outer tube 1 has a central passage 11 at an upper portion thereof and an eccentric passage 12 and an inclined passage 13 at a lower portion thereof, both of the eccentric passage 12 and the inclined passage 13 being in communication with the central passage 11. The central channel 11 is communicated with the upper end of the outer tube 1 upwards, the axis of the eccentric channel 12 is deviated from the central line of the central channel 11, and the lower part of the eccentric channel 12 is communicated with the center of the lower end of the outer tube 1 after being deviated. A notch 14 is arranged on the outer side wall of the lower part of the outer tube 1, the lower end of the inclined channel 13 is communicated with the notch 14, and the inclined channel 13 can be used for a cable to pass through in a sealing way. An upper garter 21 and a lower garter 22 are provided in the central passage 11 at an upper and lower interval, and each of the upper garter 21 and the lower garter 22 has a central hole 23 through which a cable can pass and a plurality of oil passing holes 24 provided around the central hole 23. A slip connector 3 is connected between the upper garter 21 and the lower garter 22, the inner diameter of the slip connector 3 is opposite to the central hole 23 and can be penetrated by a cable, a slip 32 which can radially shrink and is provided with teeth 321 on the inner wall is arranged in the slip connector 3, the slip 32 is arranged in a shrinking state, and the teeth 321 can bite the cable.
It can be understood that the center line of the central channel 11 is the center line of the outer tube 1, the eccentric channel 12 and the inclined channel 13 are arranged side by side, and a certain included angle exists between the axis of the inclined channel 13 and the center line of the central channel 11. The notch 14 may be relatively long, and the length of the inclined channel 13 is relatively short, so that the processing and the installation are convenient, and the specific size is determined according to the requirement. The inclined channel 13 is used for penetrating out a cable, the eccentric channel 12 is used for passing oil, and the eccentric channel 12 is deflected midway to the center of the lower end of the outer tube 1, so that the eccentric channel is convenient to connect with other tool strings in use. The aperture of the central hole 23 of each garland is matched with the armor tube of the armored cable, the diameter of the central hole 23 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the armor tube, and when the armored cable is used, the cable passes through the central hole 23, and oil mainly passes through the surrounding oil passing holes 24. The number and shape of the oil holes 24 may be selected according to practical situations, for example, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the oil holes 24 are waist-shaped holes, and the upper garter 21 and the lower garter 22 each have four oil holes 24. Teeth 321 on slips 32 may take the form of serrated teeth or other shapes, so long as they firmly grip the cable after radial contraction of slips 32. The tooth tip distance of the opposite side teeth 321 in the slips 32 is matched with the size of the armor tube of the armored cable, and the hanging function is realized by the teeth 321 of the slips 32 biting the armor tube of the armored cable in use. When the cable is installed, after the cable passes through the slip connector 3, the slip 32 is adjusted to be in a contracted state, and the cable can be fixed by the slip 32.
The steel coiled tubing underground cable in the embodiment passes through the bypass nipple, the teeth 321 can bite the cable through radial contraction of the slips 32 in the slip connector 3, hanging fixation of the cable is achieved, hanging is stable, through cooperation of the central holes 23 of the upper and lower rosettes 21 and 22 and the surrounding oil passing holes 24, the passing flow path of the cable in a tool is guaranteed under the condition that the cable is internally fixed, the need of a milling process on the outer tube 1 is avoided, production cost is reduced, bypass passing of the cable is achieved through cooperation of the eccentric channel 12 and the inclined channel 13, connection of the lower end of the whole bypass nipple with other tool strings is not affected, and meanwhile the inclined channel 13 has a sealing function, and the fact that oil collar air liquid enters the outer tube 1 in use is avoided. The whole bypass nipple simultaneously meets the functions of fixing, sealing and passing through the bypass of the underground cable, can ensure the passing flow path, has simple structure and low manufacturing and installation cost, can penetrate the cable into the continuous pipe, is connected with the cable of the submersible electric pump in the well bottom by the inside of the continuous pipe in a cable passing way, can obviously reduce the damage to the cable in the operation process, and improves the safety and the efficiency of the operation.
It should be noted that, the vertical directions mentioned herein refer to the vertical directions of the bypass nipple when the bypass nipple is placed vertically according to the axial direction of the outer tube 1 shown in fig. 1, and the references to "top", "bottom", "up", "down" and similar expressions are only for illustration purposes and do not represent the only implementation manner, and the bypass nipple may be placed vertically in actual use or in other directions, specifically according to the needs, and the bypass nipple is placed vertically according to the axial direction of the outer tube 1 in general practical use.
In a specific implementation, to facilitate adjustment of the slips 32 to a contracted state during installation, as shown in fig. 1, 6 and 7, the slip connector 3 further includes an upper nipple 31 and a lower nipple 33, the upper nipple 31 and the lower nipple 33 being axially captured between the upper and lower collars 21 and 22. The upper connecting pipe 31 is internally provided with an inner conical surface 3121 with the diameter gradually expanding downwards, the outer wall of the slips 32 is an outer conical surface 322 matched with the inner conical surface 3121, and the slips 32 are penetrated in the upper connecting pipe 31 in a contracted state. The upper end outer wall of the lower adapter tube 33 is in threaded connection with the lower end inner wall of the upper adapter tube 31, and the upper end of the lower adapter tube 33 can be propped against the slips 32.
In order to allow smooth radial contraction of the slips 32, as shown in fig. 7 to 9, the slips 32 are tapered pipes having longitudinal slits 323, teeth 321 are formed on the inner wall of the tapered pipe, and outer tapered surfaces 322 are formed on the outer wall of the tapered pipe. A plurality of slits 324 are formed in the wall of the tapered tube body, the slits 324 extending to one of the ends of the tapered tube body. Due to the existence of the longitudinal cuts 323 and the plurality of slits 324, the slips 32 form a multi-petal structure, and gaps are reserved among each petal, so that the conical pipe body has certain elasticity, and the integral radial contraction or expansion of the slips 32 can be realized by utilizing the width change of the longitudinal cuts 323 and the slit width change of the slits 324.
More specifically, the outer conical surface 322 of the slips 32 and the inner conical surface 3121 of the upper pipe 31 should have the same taper, the two should be able to conform to each other when in use, and the axial length of the inner conical surface 3121 should be slightly longer than the length of the slips 32. Meanwhile, when the outer conical surface 322 of the slip 32 is naturally attached to the inner conical surface 3121 of the upper connecting pipe 31 (i.e. the slip 32 is in a state of natural expansion and radial contraction), a certain distance (named as a first distance) is needed between the upper end of the slip 32 and the step of the upper end of the inner conical surface 3121 in the upper connecting pipe 31, when the lower connecting pipe 33 is just attached to the slip 32 in the process of screwing in the upper connecting pipe 31, a certain distance (named as a second distance) is needed between the thread step of the lower connecting pipe 33 (particularly the lowest end of the thread step) and the bottom end of the upper connecting pipe 31, and the second distance is larger than the first distance), when the lower connecting pipe 33 is continuously screwed in, the slip 32 moves upwards, each valve of the slip 32 is compressed and is in a contracted state due to the gradual upward diameter reduction of the inner conical surface 3121, so that the tooth tip distance of the opposite tooth 321 in the slip 32 is reduced, and when the distance is reduced to be smaller than the outer diameter of the armor pipe, the tooth 321 of the slip of the lower connecting pipe is used for tightly gripping the cable, the armor pipe of the cable cannot be snapped into the cable, and the armor cable cannot be fixed.
Thus, the whole slip connector 3 adopts the matched connection of the upper connecting pipe 31, the slip 32 and the lower connecting pipe 33, the slip 32 can be pushed to move by continuously screwing the lower connecting pipe 33, and the slip 32 can be driven to shrink by screwing the lower connecting pipe 33 and the inner conical surface 3121 of the upper connecting pipe 31, so that the armor pipe of the cable is clamped tightly. By means of the gripping action of the teeth 321 on the slips 32, the cable is ensured to be stationary and to be suspended reliably no matter whether it is subjected to upward or downward forces. Moreover, when the cable is pulled upwards, the slips 32 will be pulled upwards along the inner conical surface 3121, which will make the engagement tighter and tighter, on the one hand, to achieve downhole fixation of the cable, and on the other hand, the engagement of the slips 32 will make the cable bear a greater pulling force, ensuring a stable suspension of the cable downhole.
In practical application, in order to further improve the hanging effect of the cable, as shown in fig. 7, the plurality of slits 324 includes a plurality of first slits 3241 and a plurality of second slits 3242 that are staggered, the first slits 3241 extend upward to the upper end of the conical tube body, and the second slits 3242 extend downward to the lower end of the conical tube body. In the process of screwing the lower connecting pipe 33 and driving the slips 32 to shrink, the first slots 3241 and the second slots 3242 which are distributed in a staggered manner are utilized, so that the shrinkage deformation of the slips 32 is more uniform, the teeth 321 in the slips 32 can bite the cable more uniformly, and the situation that part of the teeth 321 bite tightly and part of the teeth 321 bite loosely is avoided, so that the slips 32 can fix the cable more firmly.
Further preferably, the upper end of the lower adapter 33 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the slips 32 circumferentially.
The circumferential fixing of the lower connection pipe 33 and the slip 32 may be achieved by, as shown in fig. 7 and 10, circumferentially spacing a plurality of grooves 325 on the lower end surface of the slip 32, circumferentially spacing a plurality of protrusions 331 on the upper end of the lower connection pipe 33, wherein the shapes of the protrusions 331 are matched with the shapes of the grooves 325, and the protrusions 331 can be embedded in the grooves 325. For example, in this embodiment, four square grooves are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the slip 32, and four square protrusions are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the lower connecting pipe 33. When the protrusion 331 is clamped in the groove 325, the lower connecting pipe 33 and the slips 32 are circumferentially fixed, the slips 32 can rotate under the screwing of the lower connecting pipe 33, if the cable has a rotating trend during subsequent construction and production operation, the torque generated by the slips 32 can be born by the lower connecting pipe 33 and the engaged threads thereof through the matching of the groove 325 and the protrusion 331, and the cable can be effectively prevented from being distorted and damaged.
Further, in order to improve the machining accuracy, as shown in fig. 6, the upper adapter 31 includes an outer sheath 311 and an inner cone sleeve 312, the inner part of the outer sheath 311 has a stepped mounting hole 3111 with a diameter enlarged downward, the inner cone sleeve 312 is inserted into the stepped mounting hole 3111 and can abut against a top hole shoulder of the stepped mounting hole 3111, and an inner cone surface 3121 is formed on an inner wall of the inner cone sleeve 312.
The inner diameter of the upper end of the outer jacket 311 and the inner diameter of the lower connecting tube 33 should be matched with the size of the armor tube of the armored cable, and the first distance refers specifically to the distance between the upper end of the slip 32 and the top hole shoulder of the stepped mounting hole 3111 when the outer conical surface 322 of the slip 32 is naturally attached to the inner conical surface 3121 of the upper connecting tube 31. The two pieces of the outer sheath 311 and the inner cone sleeve 312 are adopted to form the upper connecting pipe 31, so that the processing of the inner cone surface 3121 is more convenient, and the precision of the inner cone surface 3121 can be improved. During installation, the inner cone sleeve 312 may or may not rotate relative to the outer jacket 311, but does not affect the securing of the slips 32 to the cable.
Further, in order to facilitate the axial fixation of the upper adapter tube 31 and the lower adapter tube 33, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, an upper stepped hole 211 having an enlarged diameter is formed downwardly at the lower portion of the central hole 23 of the upper garter 21, and an upper collar 3112 is formed at the upper end of the upper adapter tube 31, and the upper collar 3112 can be inserted into the upper stepped hole 211 and can be abutted against the top hole shoulder of the upper stepped hole 211. A lower stepped hole 221 having an enlarged diameter is formed upwardly at the upper portion of the central hole 23 of the lower garter 22, and a lower convex ring 332 is formed at the lower end of the lower adapter 33, the lower convex ring 332 being insertable into the lower stepped hole 221 and being abuttable against a bottom hole shoulder of the lower stepped hole 221. It will be appreciated that the upper collar 3112 is specifically formed at the upper end of the outer sheath 311, with the upper stepped bore 211 extending downwardly to the lower end face of the upper garter 21 and the lower stepped bore 221 extending upwardly to the upper end face of the lower garter 22.
In order to facilitate fixing the upper and lower garter rings 21 and 22, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an upper and lower limiting step 151 and 161 are formed on the inner wall of the outer tube 1, and the upper and lower garter rings 21 and 22 can be respectively abutted against the upper and lower limiting steps 151 and 161 to limit the upper and lower garter rings 21 and 22 by using the upper and lower limiting steps 151 and 161, respectively.
For convenience of processing and installation, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the outer tube 1 includes an upper tube body 15 and a lower tube body 16 which are connected in a vertically sealed manner, a portion of the central passage 11 is formed in the upper tube body 15, another portion of the central passage 11 is formed in an upper portion of the lower tube body 16, and the eccentric passage 12 and the diagonal passage 13 are formed in a lower portion of the lower tube body 16. The notch 14 is formed in the outer wall of the lower pipe body 16, and the upper garter 21 and the lower garter 22 are respectively provided in the upper pipe body 15 and the lower pipe body 16.
The outer wall of the lower end of the upper pipe body 15 is generally in threaded connection with the inner wall of the upper end of the lower pipe body 16, a groove is formed at the connection part to add a sealing ring 17 for achieving the sealing purpose, the inner cavity of the outer pipe 1 is prevented from leaking from external liquid, the upper pipe body 15 is of a medium-through structure, the upper end of the upper pipe body 15 is of an oil pipe internal thread and can be connected with a downhole tool string, and the lower end of the lower pipe body 16 is of an oil pipe external thread and can be connected with the tool string at the lower end. The upper and lower limiting steps 151 and 161 are formed in the upper and lower pipe bodies 15 and 16, respectively. The dimensions of the upper pipe body 15, the lower pipe body 16, the slip connector 3 and other components should be designed reasonably to ensure the hanging effect of the slips 32 on the cable, for example, when the lower garter 22 is matched with the lower connecting pipe 33 during installation, the interval between the internal thread step at the upper end of the lower pipe body 16 and the external thread step at the lower end of the upper pipe body 15 should be larger than the interval between the thread step of the lower connecting pipe 33 and the bottom end of the upper connecting pipe 31, so as to ensure that the threads of the lower connecting pipe 33 can be screwed completely until the thread sections of the upper connecting pipe 31 and the lower connecting pipe 33 coincide, thereby enabling the slips 32 to be fully meshed with the cable.
In this way, the whole slip connector 3 is respectively matched with the top hole shoulder of the upper stepped hole 211 and the bottom hole shoulder of the lower stepped hole 221 through the upper convex ring 3112 of the upper connecting pipe 31 and the lower convex ring 332 of the lower connecting pipe 33, so that the whole slip connector 3 is fixed and limited, the shaking of the cable caused by the vibration of the electric pump in the oil extraction operation process is prevented, and the use risk is reduced. The upper garter 21, the lower garter 22 and the slip connector 3 are limited by the limiting space formed by the upper limiting step 151 and the lower limiting step 161 inside the outer pipe 1, the effect of completely fixing the parts in the cavity is achieved by the threaded connection of the upper pipe body 15 and the lower pipe body 16, and the requirements of cable fixing, drift diameter and limiting are met under the condition of introducing cables inside.
Further, in order to ensure the tightness when the cable is penetrated out of the inclined channel 13, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a penetrating stepped hole 131 with an increased aperture is formed downwards at the lower part of the inclined channel 13, an upper pressing ring 4, a rubber cylinder 5, a lower pressing ring 6 and a hollow bolt 7 are sequentially embedded in the penetrating stepped hole 131 from top to bottom, the hollow bolt 7 is in threaded connection with the hole wall penetrating the stepped hole 131, and the hollow bolt 7 can prop against the lower pressing ring 6.
The through stepped hole 131 extends downwards to the bottom end of the inclined channel 13, the top hole shoulder passing through the stepped hole 131 can limit the upper compression ring 4, and a section of internal thread is arranged at the tail end of the through stepped hole 131. The rubber cylinder 5 is clamped between the two compression rings, the outermost hollow bolt 7 is provided with an inner through hole penetrating through the two ends of the rubber cylinder, and the inner diameter of the rubber cylinder 5, the two compression rings and the hollow bolt 7 is matched with the outer diameter of the armor tube of the armored cable. The front external thread of the hollow bolt 7 can be connected with the tail end internal thread penetrating through the stepped hole 131, the bolt head of the hollow bolt 7 is exposed outside, when the hollow bolt 7 is screwed to just contact with the lower pressing ring 6, the thread step of the hollow bolt 7 (specifically, the lowest end of the thread step, namely, the upper end position of the bolt head) has a certain distance from the penetrating stepped hole (namely, the lower port of the inclined channel 13), so that the hollow bolt 7 can be screwed continuously to compress the rubber cylinder 5 to expand radially, and the annulus between the armor tube and the penetrating stepped hole 131 is sealed.
Because the armored cable for the oil field is high in corrosion resistance, the sealing of a hanging part is not required to be considered, and only annular liquid is required to be prevented from entering the tool. Through the cooperation of each clamping ring, rubber section of thick bamboo 5 and hollow bolt 7, when the inside precession of hollow bolt 7 is lasted, rubber section of thick bamboo 5 radially warp under the extrusion of lower clamping ring 6, plays sealed cable armour pipe and passes through the annular space between the shoulder hole 131 and play the effect, has effectively guaranteed the leakproofness of cable exit end, avoids in the oil jacket annular space liquid gets into the instrument. The upper part (i.e. the part without processing the screw thread) of the stepped hole 131 and the upper pressure ring 4, the lower pressure ring 6 and the rubber cylinder 5 matched with the stepped hole are not normally in a perfect circle shape, so that the sealing assembly formed by the pressure ring and the rubber cylinder 5 is prevented from rotating in use, and the sealing effect is influenced.
Further, the pipe of the lower pipe body 16 is of an eccentric design, and the pipe is inclined midway so that the pipe is communicated with the lower tool through the center of the lower part of the lower pipe body 16. For convenience of processing, the eccentric channel 12 includes an axial channel 121 and an inclined channel 122 that are mutually communicated, the axis of the axial channel 121 is parallel to the center line of the central channel 11, the axis of the inclined channel 122 is disposed at an angle with the axis of the axial channel 121, and the lower end of the inclined channel 122 is communicated to the center of the lower end of the lower tube 16.
The slant channel 13 of the lower pipe body 16 adopts slant design, the outer part of the cable is coated with an armor layer with thickness of a plurality of millimeters, bending is difficult, if the bending angle is overlarge, the risk of cable damage is likely to occur, and the cable can be smoothly penetrated out of the lower pipe body 16 without other internal butt joint links by using the slant design of the lower pipe body 16. Due to the bending of the armored cable product and the consideration of the bypass crossing distance, the included angle between the axis of the inclined channel 13 and the axis of the outer tube 1 is preferably 5-10 degrees, so that the cable can naturally pass through.
Preferably, the cross section of the notch 14 in the plane of the axis of the eccentric channel 12 and the axis of the oblique channel 13 is a trapezoid, the bottom of the trapezoid corresponds to the opening end of the notch 14, two waists of the trapezoid are oblique sides, and one oblique side (i.e. the upper oblique side) is communicated with the lower end of the oblique channel 13 and is perpendicular to the axis of the oblique channel 13. The two inclined planes of the notch 14 corresponding to the two inclined edges of the trapezoid can facilitate the cable to smoothly enter the oil sleeve annulus to be connected with the leading-in cable of the submersible electric pump. Furthermore, the included angle between the upper inclined edge of the trapezoid and the horizontal plane and the included angle between the lower inclined edge of the trapezoid and the axis of the outer tube 1 are as small as possible, so that the cable can smoothly enter the annular space, and the cable can be prevented from being damaged due to large bending. In this embodiment, since the upper oblique side of the trapezoid is perpendicular to the axis of the oblique channel 13, the angle between the upper oblique side of the trapezoid and the horizontal plane is equal to the angle between the axis of the oblique channel 13 and the center line of the central channel 11, and is preferably 5-10 °. The angle between the oblique side (i.e., the lower oblique side) of the trapezoid away from the oblique channel 13 and the axis of the outer tube 1 is preferably 30 ° or less.
Further, the installation method for the cable to pass through the bypass nipple is specifically as follows:
The cable is run from within the coiled tubing along the inner passage of the downhole tool string as installed until the cable in this embodiment passes through the bypass sub. The cable is then first passed through the upper tubular body 15 and the upper garter 21 and the upper end of the upper tubular body 15 is connected to the downhole tool string after being passed a suitable distance. The upper garter 21 covered with the cable is fitted into the inner cavity of the upper tube body 15 and abuts against the upper limit step 151 with the upper stepped hole 211 of the upper garter 21 facing outward (i.e., downward), and then the cable is passed through the upper adapter tube 31, and the upper collar 3112 of the upper adapter tube 31 is inserted into the upper stepped hole 211 of the upper garter 21 and abuts against the top hole shoulder of the upper stepped hole 211.
After the slips 32 are sleeved into the cable, the slips 32 are pushed into the upper connecting pipe 31, then the lower connecting pipe 33 is penetrated, the external threads of the lower connecting pipe 33 are connected with the internal threads of the upper connecting pipe 31, and then the lower connecting pipe 33 is thoroughly screwed, so that the cable is tightly snapped by the slips 32 and cannot move. Because the mating surface of the slips 32 and the upper connecting pipe 31 is a conical surface, when the cable and the tool string are about to move relatively, the slips 32 are pressed and tightened by the conical surface, and the cable is also bitten and tightened, so that the cable is suspended and fixed underground. After screwing the lower adapter 33, the lower garter 22 is put on the lower limit step 161 of the lower pipe body 16, and the lower stepped hole 221 of the lower garter 22 faces the lower adapter 33.
The cable is penetrated into the lower pipe body 16 provided with the lower garter 22 and is penetrated out from the inclined channel 13 of the lower pipe body 16, the lower pipe body 16 is connected with the upper pipe body 15 after the upper pipe body 15 is sleeved with the sealing ring 17, and the screw thread is screwed until the bottom hole shoulder of the lower stepped hole 221 of the lower garter 22 is matched with the lower connecting pipe 33. Next, the cable sequentially passes through the upper pressing pad, the rubber cylinder 5, the lower pressing ring 6 and the hollow bolt 7, then the four penetrated parts are sequentially placed in the inclined channel 13, the hollow bolt 7 is screwed in, the lower pressing ring 6 is pushed in the screwing process of the hollow bolt 7, the rubber cylinder 5 is further pressed to deform by pushing the lower pressing ring 6, and the annular space between the cable and the inclined channel 13 is sealed.
The slips 32, the upper connecting pipe 31 and the lower connecting pipe 33 are matched with each other to fix and hang the cable in the embodiment, the sealing ring 17 and the rubber cylinder 5 realize the sealing effect of the embodiment, and the cable is connected with the lead-in cable of the submersible electric pump from the oil sleeve annulus after passing out from the inclined channel 13, so that the cable in the embodiment passes through the bypass nipple to be installed.
In summary, the steel coiled tubing underground cable in the embodiment passes through the bypass nipple, and is suitable for the operation of the oil-gas well coiled tubing electric submersible pump oil extraction or logging instrument. Through the cooperation of the upper connecting pipe 31, the slips 32 and the lower connecting pipe 33 in the slip connector 3, the cable can be firmly hung, and the through-flow path of the tool can be ensured by utilizing the cooperation of the central hole 23 of each garter and the through-oil hole 24. The eccentric channel 12 and the inclined channel 13 are matched, so that the lower end of a tool is conveniently connected with other tool strings, bypass crossing of a cable is realized, and tightness of the penetrating end of the cable is ensured. The whole cable passes through the bypass nipple, is a underground passing through bypass connector which has simple structure and firm sealing and can work under pressure, can realize the function that the cable passes through the inside of a pipe and is connected with the leading cable of the submersible electric pump after passing through the bypass nipple, can greatly reduce the damage of the cable in the operation process, does not need to use a cable protector, and reduces the cost of continuous pipe logging, oil extraction or operation.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of this invention, and are intended to be within the scope of this invention.
Claims (12)
1. The underground cable of the steel coiled tubing passes through the bypass nipple, and is characterized by comprising an outer tube;
The outer tube is internally provided with a central channel positioned at the upper part of the outer tube, and an eccentric channel and an inclined channel positioned at the lower part of the outer tube, wherein the eccentric channel and the inclined channel are communicated with the central channel; the central channel is upwards communicated with the upper end of the outer tube, the axis of the eccentric channel deviates from the central line of the central channel, and the lower part of the eccentric channel is deflected and then is communicated with the center of the lower end of the outer tube;
an upper garland and a lower garland which are vertically spaced are arranged in the central channel, the upper garland and the lower garland are respectively provided with a central hole for the cable to pass through and a plurality of oil passing holes arranged around the central hole, a slip connector is connected between the upper garland and the lower garland, the inner diameter of the slip connector is opposite to the central hole and can be used for the cable to pass through, a slip which can radially shrink and the inner wall of which is provided with teeth is arranged in the slip connector, and the slips are arranged in a shrinking state and can bite the cable;
The slip connector further comprises an upper connecting pipe and a lower connecting pipe, wherein the upper connecting pipe and the lower connecting pipe are axially limited between the upper garland and the lower garland, an inner conical surface with the diameter gradually expanding downwards is arranged in the upper connecting pipe, the outer wall of the slip is an outer conical surface matched with the inner conical surface, the slip is arranged in the upper connecting pipe in a penetrating mode in a shrinking mode, the outer wall of the upper end of the lower connecting pipe is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the lower end of the upper connecting pipe, and the upper end of the lower connecting pipe can prop against the slip.
2. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 1, wherein the bypass sub,
The slip is a conical tube body with longitudinal cuts, the teeth are formed on the inner wall of the conical tube body, the outer conical surface is formed on the outer wall of the conical tube body, a plurality of slits are formed on the tube wall of the conical tube body, and the slits extend to one end portion of the conical tube body.
3. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 2, wherein the bypass sub,
The plurality of slots comprise a plurality of first slots and a plurality of second slots which are arranged in a staggered mode, the first slots extend upwards to the upper end of the conical tube body, and the second slots extend downwards to the lower end of the conical tube body.
4. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 1, wherein the bypass sub,
The upper end of the lower connecting pipe is fixedly connected with the lower end of the slip in the circumferential direction.
5. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 1, wherein the bypass sub,
The upper connecting pipe comprises an outer sheath and an inner taper sleeve, wherein a stepped mounting hole with the diameter enlarged downwards is formed in the outer sheath, the inner taper sleeve is inserted into the stepped mounting hole and can be abutted against the top hole shoulder of the stepped mounting hole, and the inner taper surface is formed on the inner wall of the inner taper sleeve.
6. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 1, wherein the bypass sub,
An upper stepped hole with an enlarged diameter is formed downwards at the lower part of the central hole of the upper garter, an upper convex ring is formed at the upper end of the upper connecting pipe, the upper convex ring can be inserted into the upper stepped hole and can prop against the top hole shoulder of the upper stepped hole, a lower stepped hole with an enlarged diameter is formed upwards at the upper part of the central hole of the lower garter, a lower convex ring is formed at the lower end of the lower connecting pipe, and the lower convex ring can be inserted into the lower stepped hole and can prop against the bottom hole shoulder of the lower stepped hole.
7. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 1, wherein the bypass sub,
An upper limit step and a lower limit step are formed on the inner wall of the outer tube, and the upper garter ring and the lower garter ring can respectively prop against the upper limit step and the lower limit step.
8. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 1, wherein the bypass sub,
The outer tube comprises an upper tube body and a lower tube body which are connected in an up-down sealing mode, one part of the central channel is formed in the upper tube body, the other part of the central channel is formed at the upper part of the lower tube body, the eccentric channel and the inclined channel are both formed at the lower part of the lower tube body, the notch is formed on the outer wall of the lower tube body, and the upper garland and the lower garland are respectively arranged in the upper tube body and the lower tube body.
9. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 1, wherein the bypass sub,
The lower part of the inclined channel downwards forms a passing stepped hole with increased aperture, an upper pressing ring, a rubber cylinder, a lower pressing ring and a hollow bolt are sequentially embedded in the passing stepped hole from top to bottom, and the hollow bolt is in threaded connection with the hole wall of the passing stepped hole and can prop against the lower pressing ring.
10. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 1, wherein the bypass sub,
The included angle between the axis of the inclined channel and the axis of the outer tube is 5-10 degrees.
11. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 1, wherein the bypass sub,
The cross section of the notch in the plane where the axis of the eccentric channel and the axis of the oblique channel are located is a trapezoid, the lower bottom of the trapezoid corresponds to the opening end of the notch, two waists of the trapezoid are oblique sides, and one oblique side is communicated with the lower end of the oblique channel and perpendicular to the axis of the oblique channel.
12. The steel coiled tubing downhole cable according to claim 11, wherein the bypass sub,
And an included angle between the inclined edge of the trapezoid, which is far away from the inclined channel, and the axis of the outer tube is less than or equal to 30 degrees.
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