CN115608292A - internal heat source reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an internal heat source reactor, which belongs to the technical field of chemical industry and materials, is used for continuously growing carbon materials at normal temperature, and at least comprises a supporting body and at least one group of heat source medium modules, wherein the heat source medium modules are at least partially positioned in the supporting body; the heat source medium module at least comprises an energy source and a heat source medium; the energy source and the heat source medium form a passage to form an energy space with an internal heat source; the inside of the bearing body is provided with a growth material, and the growth material and the heat source medium move relatively in contact; the growth material continuously grows the carbon material in an energy space; the application solves the problem of low-cost continuous growth of carbon materials.

Description

internal heat source reactor

technical field

The invention relates to the technical fields of chemical engineering and materials, in particular to an internal heat source reactor.

Background technique

Carbon materials are materials composed of carbon elements without constant structure and properties, including graphene, carbon nanotubes, etc., which have excellent mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, and are widely used in microcircuits, heat dissipation, interface enhancement, and lightweight composites. Materials and other industries and fields.

However, the current method of preparing carbon materials mainly adopts chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which mostly uses carbon sources and energy to act on solid catalysts, and is supplemented by hydrogen reduction. This method not only requires a fixed and closed energy environment, but also the preparation process is difficult to achieve continuous and cyclical.

Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) is the main preparation method. In addition to the above disadvantages, the energy space with external heat sources formed by converting electrical energy into thermal energy has low utilization rate, high cost, danger, and time-consuming heating and cooling.

Based on the above defects, it is urgent and necessary to realize the open and continuous production of carbon materials at room temperature.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide an internal heat source reactor. The invention intends to realize low-cost continuous growth of carbon materials.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The present invention provides an internal heat source reactor for continuous growth of carbon materials at room temperature, at least including a carrier and a heat source medium module, the heat source medium module is at least partly located in the carrier;

The heat source medium module includes at least an energy source and a heat source medium; the energy source and the heat source medium form a path to form an energy space with an internal heat source; the carrier contains growth materials, and the growth materials and the heat source The medium moves relative to each other during contact;

The growth material continuously grows the carbon material in energy space.

Preferably, any same surface area of the heat source medium provides the same energy in the same time.

Preferably, said energy source comprises solar or wind energy.

Preferably, the heat source medium includes a microporous structure formed by the same conductive medium.

Preferably, the resistivity of the heat source medium is greater than 0.1 ohm·meter.

Preferably, the growth material comprises a catalyst and a carbon source, including an oxide of carbon or an organic compound of carbon;

The catalyst is at least one of iron, cobalt and nickel.

Preferably, the heat source medium module further includes a vibration module, and the vibration module is used for micro-vibration of the heat source medium.

Preferably, the relative movement includes the growth material flowing in the carrier, and the heat source medium being fixed or rotating.

Preferably, the carbon material includes carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes include vertical array carbon nanotubes.

Preferably, the carrier includes a flow controller to control the flow rate of the growing material.

Preferably, the preparation method of the catalyst comprises an active metal metathesis catalyst.

The present invention provides an internal heat source reactor, in which, an electrified heat source medium is set to construct an energy space with an internal heat source to provide conditions for the growth of carbon materials; carbon materials are grown by forming an energy layer near the heat source medium, while the remaining positions are at a temperature Low cost, low cost and high efficiency, easy to prepare at room temperature; when the growth material is set to be liquid, open growth can be realized; the relative movement between the heat source medium and the growth material can be set to achieve continuous growth, and the vibration module can make the carbon attached to the heat source medium The material is shaken down; at the same time, the energy source adopts solar energy or wind energy, which is greatly beneficial to environmental protection and energy saving; the use of a magnetic field environment is beneficial to the controllable orientation of carbon materials; this application solves the problem of low-cost continuous growth of carbon materials.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of internal heat source reactor structure (solar energy) in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is another kind of internal heat source reactor structure (with magnetic field device) in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is an internal heat source reactor structure of a modifiable heat source medium in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structure of an internal heat source reactor with a rotatable heat source medium in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the energy space of growing carbon materials in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the electron micrograph of carbon material growing on the surface of carbon fiber under 10Hz rotational speed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Mark description

10. Carrier 21, heat source medium 22, energy source 23, magnetic field device 30, vibration module 40, flow controller

detailed description

The present invention provides an internal heat source reactor for continuous growth of carbon materials at room temperature, at least including a carrier and a heat source medium module, the heat source medium module is at least partly located in the carrier;

The heat source medium module includes at least an energy source and a heat source medium; the energy source and the heat source medium form a path to form an energy space with an internal heat source; the carrier contains growth materials, and the growth materials and the heat source The medium moves relative to each other during contact;

The growth material continuously grows the carbon material in energy space.

The present invention provides an internal heat source reactor, in which, an electrified heat source medium is set to construct an energy space with an internal heat source to provide conditions for the growth of carbon materials; carbon materials are grown by forming an energy layer near the heat source medium, while the remaining positions are at a temperature Low cost, low cost and high efficiency, easy to prepare at room temperature; when the growth material is set to be liquid, open growth can be realized; the relative movement between the heat source medium and the growth material can be set to achieve continuous growth, and the vibration module can make the carbon attached to the heat source medium The material is shaken down; at the same time, the use of solar energy as the energy source is greatly beneficial to environmental protection and energy saving; the use of a magnetic field environment is beneficial to the controllable orientation of carbon materials; this application solves the problem of low-cost continuous growth of carbon materials.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the heat source medium is woven from conductive medium with the same cross-sectional area, including a mesh structure woven from carbon fibers;

It should be noted that the heat source medium in this embodiment includes at least one group of fibrous conductive medium;

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the energy space is a tiny thin layer biased outward on the surface of the heat source medium, and the thickness (h) of the thin layer is about 1um-1mm;

It should be noted that there is an energy gradient outside the energy space, and the temperature in the liquid is not higher than the boiling point, which can be regarded as normal temperature; the general CVD method requires the temperature of the energy space surrounded by an external heat source to be above 650 degrees Celsius.

In this embodiment, the carrier can be open or closed. The open means that the liquid is stored in the carrier, but the top is not closed; the closed is such as a pipeline; the growth material in the pipeline includes gas or liquid;

In an embodiment of the present invention, the carbon material includes carbon nanotubes, graphene, and diamond;

In the embodiment of the present invention, the heat source medium includes conductive rubber, silicon, carbon fiber, and metals that increase resistivity;

It should be noted that the ways to increase metal resistivity include doping, nitriding and other ways.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the energy in the energy space needs to reach the temperature at which the desired carbon material grows;

In the embodiment of the present invention, the essential difference from the growth of carbon materials by the CVD method is that CVD is a heat source outside a large space, and the embodiment of the present invention uses a heat source in a micro space;

Preferably, the energy source is electrical energy.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage of the energy source is 10-30 volts, the current of the heat source medium is 0.5-3 amps, the resistivity is 0.01-100 ohm m, and the relative movement speed of the growth material and the heat source medium is 0.001-30 m/s .

It should be noted that the relative motion speed can be equivalently converted into motor speed or motor frequency.

Preferably, any same surface area of the heat source medium provides the same energy in the same time.

In the embodiment of the present invention, filamentous conductive media with the same cross-sectional area are used to form, and have the same resistance per unit volume.

It should be noted that the same amount of energy is provided for the same amount of time to ensure the continuous and uniform growth of the carbon material and the stability of the growth of the carbon material.

It should be noted that under the same energy per unit volume, the larger the surface area, the more carbon materials can be grown.

Preferably, said energy source comprises solar or wind energy.

In this embodiment, the method for preparing carbon materials from solar energy is that the solar panel collects solar energy and converts it into a DC power supply to provide current and voltage for the heat source medium.

It should be noted that the wind energy is also converted into electrical energy to prepare carbon materials.

In this embodiment, preferably, the heat source medium includes a microporous structure formed by the same conductive medium.

Preferably, forming a uniform microporous structure not only facilitates the passage of growth materials, but also facilitates the stability of growth carbon materials.

Preferably, the resistivity of the heat source medium is greater than 0.1 ohm·meter.

It should be noted that a larger resistivity can ensure a larger calorific value, and a larger resistivity means a larger resistance value per unit volume. According to Q=I ² Rt, the temperature rise rate is faster per unit time.

It should be noted that, in a unit time, heat is realized by adjusting current or voltage in addition to resistance.

It should be noted that the mixture of conductive metal and insulator, carbon material and other substances to meet the resistivity is also applicable.

Preferably, the growth material comprises a catalyst and a carbon source, including an oxide of carbon or an organic compound of carbon;

The catalyst is at least one of iron, cobalt and nickel.

In the embodiment of the present invention, iron or a mixture of iron and nickel can be used as the catalyst.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the carbon source can be carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide; carbon organic compounds include alkanes, alkenes and alcohols; for example: methane, propylene, ethylene glycol, ethanol and the like.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the carbon source may be gaseous or liquid.

Preferably, the heat source medium module further includes a vibration module, and the vibration module is used for micro-vibration of the heat source medium.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the vibration loading module can be connected with the heat source medium by using a vibrator, so that the heat source medium undergoes high-frequency vibration, and the carbon material attached to the surface of the heat source medium is vibrated and dropped after vibration, thereby reducing adhesion.

Preferably, the relative movement includes the growth material flowing in the carrier, and the heat source medium being fixed or moving.

It should be noted that the flow of the growth material in the carrier can ensure the continuous growth and stability of the carbon material. If the growth material does not flow, the growth environment will be easily polluted after long-term growth.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the flow of growth material and the fixation of heat source medium can meet the relative motion;

In the embodiment of the present invention, the heat source medium can also rotate or move, which can also satisfy relative motion;

It should be noted that the heat source medium can be in multiple sets for easy replacement or substitution.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the rotation includes uniform rotation, and the movement includes uniform movement; the movement of the heat source medium can realize convenient replacement, sequential deposition of carbon materials on the surface, and the like.

Preferably, the carbon material includes carbon nanotubes or graphene or diamond, and the carbon nanotubes include vertical array carbon nanotubes.

It should be noted that the orientation of the carbon nanotubes can be achieved by controlling the direction of the magnetic field in the magnetic field environment.

Preferably, the heat source medium module further includes a magnetic field device, and the heat source medium is placed in a magnetic field environment formed by the magnetic field device.

In the embodiment of the present invention, due to the existence of metal catalysts, the carbon nanotubes can realize direction control in a magnetic field environment, which is beneficial to the formation of carbon nanotubes into arrayed carbon nanotubes.

Preferably, the carrier includes a flow controller to control the flow rate of the growing material.

In the embodiment of the present invention, precise control of the flow rate and relative movement helps to achieve constant and continuous growth of carbon materials.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the method for the flow controller to control the flow rate is a conventional method.

Preferably, the preparation method of the catalyst comprises an active metal metathesis catalyst.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the required catalyst can be replaced by the reaction of the salt solution of aluminum and the catalyst.

Example 1

There is a liquid growth material with a controllable speed in the carrier (the carbon source is ethylene glycol or ethanol), the energy source (solar energy) is converted into a voltage of 25 volts, and the network structure formed by connecting the heat source medium (carbon fiber) in the wire ) to connect and form an energy space, which is formed by instantaneous heating of the resistance, and controls the energy and liquid flow rate to realize the controllable preparation of carbon materials (carbon nanotubes).

Example 2

A gaseous growth material with a controllable speed is placed in the carrier (the carbon source is methane or propylene), and the energy source (solar energy) is converted into a voltage of 25 volts, which is connected to the heat source medium (network structure connected by carbon fibers) in the wire And form an energy space (Figure 5h is the energy layer), which is formed by instantaneous heating of the resistance, and controls the energy and liquid flow rate to realize the controllable preparation of carbon materials (carbon nanotubes).

A magnetic field device is added to grow vertically arrayed carbon nanotubes.

Example 3

A liquid growth material with a controllable speed is placed in the carrier (the carbon source is ethylene glycol or ethanol), and the DC power supply is 20 volts. The carbon fiber passes through the liquid growth material at a speed of 5-10 Hz according to the motor speed. The carbon fibers in turn form stable carbon nanotubes.

Figure 6 is an electron micrograph of carbon nanotubes growing on the surface of carbon fibers at 10 Hz

Example 4

Liquid growth material (the carbon source is ethylene glycol or ethanol) is placed in the carrier, the DC power supply is 20 volts, and the heat source medium (grid) formed by three groups of carbon fibers is connected to the power supply respectively, and the area of the heat source medium (grid) is cross-sectional with the carrier The areas are the same and parallel, and the three sets of grids can be rotated and replaced sequentially to realize the growth of carbon nanotubes in sequence.

Add a mass flow device to stabilize the flow rate;

Add a vibration module to shed the attached carbon nanotubes in the heat source medium.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The internal heat source reactor is characterized by being used for continuously growing carbon materials at normal temperature, and at least comprising a supporting body and at least one group of heat source medium modules, wherein the heat source medium modules are at least partially arranged in the supporting body;

the heat source medium module at least comprises an energy source and a heat source medium; the energy source and the heat source medium form a passage to form an energy space with an internal heat source; the inside of the bearing body is provided with a growth material, and the growth material and the heat source medium move relatively in contact;

the growth material continuously grows the carbon material in an energy space.

2. The internal heat source reactor of claim 1, wherein any same surface area of the heat source medium provides the same amount of energy over the same amount of time;

the resistivity of the heat source medium is more than 0.01 ohm meter.

3. The internal heat source reactor of claim 1, wherein the energy source comprises solar or wind energy.

4. The internal heat source reactor according to claim 1, wherein the heat source media module further comprises a magnetic field device, and the heat source media is disposed in a magnetic field environment formed by the magnetic field device.

5. The internal heat source reactor of claim 1, wherein the growth material comprises a catalyst and a carbon source that is an elemental carbon-containing compound comprising an oxide of carbon or an organic compound of carbon;

the catalyst is at least one of iron, cobalt and nickel.

6. The internal heat source reactor of claim 1, wherein the heat source media module further comprises a vibration module to vibrate the heat source media slightly.

7. The internal heat source reactor of claim 1, wherein the relative motion comprises flow of the growth material within the carrier, with the heat source medium being stationary or in motion.

8. The internal heat source reactor of claim 1, wherein the carbon material comprises carbon nanotubes comprising vertical arrays of carbon nanotubes, or graphene or diamond.

9. The internal heat source reactor of claim 7, wherein the carrier further comprises a flow controller to control the flow rate of the growth material.

10. The internal heat source reactor of claim 5, wherein the catalyst is prepared by a process comprising an active metal replacement catalyst.

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