CN115448736A - 一种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于钢水浇铸技术领域，提供了一种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖及其制备方法。该流钢砖的原料按重量份数计包括：高铝矾土熟料65份，结合粘土35份；高铝矾土熟料包括质量百分比大于85％的Al2O3，质量百分比大于20％的Al2O3/SiO2，质量百分比小于2％的Fe2O3，质量百分比小于0.5％的CaO。该流钢砖显著减少了U26Mn2Si2CrNiMo在浇铸过程中对流钢砖内壁的侵蚀，通过浇铸后的汤道表面质量、流钢砖内壁侵蚀情况及成品钢材探伤结果可以看出，本流钢砖具有很好实用性。该流钢砖的制备方法适宜于大规模生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于钢水浇铸技术领域，具体地说，涉及一种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
在冶炼行业，前期粗炼、精炼过的钢水均需要通过浇铸系统才能得到最终的钢锭或铸件产品，而流钢砖作为浇铸系统里最重要的一环，对最终产品的纯净度起着关键作用。
在高锰高硅高铬合金钢(简称U26Mn2Si2CrNiMo)的浇铸过程中，目前常用流钢砖为传统M70莫来石流钢砖。然而，M70莫来石流钢砖的基体由稳定的3Al2O3·2SiO2和少量的α-Al2O3组成，恰好这少量的α-Al2O3与钢中的Si及浇注过程中产生的MnO、SiO、Cr2O3等生成复杂的锰硅酸盐及铬锰尖晶石，会造成流钢砖内壁剥落掉块，剥落的耐材进入钢水，导致钢中夹杂物增加，影响探伤合格率及力学性能，降低了钢材的使用寿命。
钢水与流钢砖有关铝的反应如下：
2Al2O3+3[Si]＝3SiO2+4[Al]
△G°＝653205-126.4T
目前，发明一种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖成为了亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中上述的不足，本发明的第一目的在于提供了一种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖；该流钢砖致密性好、结构牢固，能够显著减少U26Mn2Si2CrNiMo在浇铸过程中对流钢砖内壁的侵蚀，通过浇铸后的汤道表面质量、流钢砖内壁侵蚀情况及成品钢材探伤结果可以看出，本流钢砖具有很好实用性。
针对现有技术中上述的不足，本发明的第二目的在于提供了一种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖的制备方法；该制备方法适宜于大规模生产。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用的解决方案是：
一种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖，其原料按重量份数计包括：高铝矾土熟料65份，结合粘土35份；高铝矾土熟料包括质量百分比大于85％的Al2O3，质量百分比大于20％的Al2O3/SiO2，质量百分比小于2％的Fe2O3，质量百分比小于0.5％的CaO。
一种上述流钢砖的制备方法，包括：(1)配料：将高铝矾土熟料和结合粘土按照上述重量份数混合、碾磨至以下标准：粒径为1.0-2.0mm的颗粒的质量百分比为30％，粒径为0.5-1.0mm的颗粒的质量百分比为10％，粒径为0-0.5mm的颗粒的质量百分比为30％，粒径为350目的颗粒的质量百分比为30％；加水搅拌20min，装袋保存。上述“粒径”规格的设定及比例的设计，能够使流钢砖在成型过程中，粘接更充分，填充更致密。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，还包括：(2)成型：按照YB/T 5110-93标准制作定形模具，在油压机上干压成型，成型压力20KN，施压30s，将砖坯推入隧道窑中，150-200℃干燥30-35h；(3)烧结：采用隧道窑弱氧化性烧结，按5-10℃/min升温到1000℃保温1h，再以3-5℃/min升温1350℃保温6h，烧结完成后随炉冷却至室温出炉。
本发明提供的一种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖的有益效果是：
(1)本发明提供的该种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖，通过改变原料配方和配比制备得到流钢砖，其所含Al2O3较M70莫来石流钢砖显著减少(相较于M70莫来石流钢砖，本申请提供的流钢砖的Al2O3含量由70％(莫来石砖)降到45％)，从而减少了α-Al2O3与钢中的Si及浇注过程中产生的MnO、SiO、Cr2O3等生成复杂的锰硅酸盐及铬锰尖晶石的概率，显著减少U26Mn2Si2CrNiMo在浇铸过程中对流钢砖内壁的侵蚀，通过浇铸后的汤道表面质量、流钢砖内壁侵蚀情况及成品钢材探伤结果可以看出，本流钢砖具有很好实用性。
(2)本发明提供的该种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖，通过工艺的改进，其致密性好、结构牢固，抗侵蚀性能好。
附图说明
图1是本发明实验例2提供的采用3#流钢砖和M70莫来石流钢砖浇铸的汤道对比图；
图2是本发明实验例2提供的M70莫来石流钢砖的内壁侵蚀情况；
图3是本发明实验例2提供的3#流钢砖的内壁侵蚀情况；
图4是本发明实验例2提供的采用3#流钢砖浇铸的汤道。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者，按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
以下结合实施例对本发明的特征和性能作进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖的制备方法，包括：
准备原料：高铝矾土熟料65份，结合粘土35份；高铝矾土熟料包括质量百分比为87％的Al2O3，质量百分比为22％的Al2O3/SiO2，质量百分比为1.2％的Fe2O3，质量百分比为0.4％的CaO。
(1)配料：将高铝矾土熟料和结合粘土按照上述重量份数混合、碾磨至以下标准：粒径为1.0-2.0mm的颗粒的质量百分比为30％，粒径为0.5-1.0mm的颗粒的质量百分比为10％，粒径为0-0.5mm的颗粒的质量百分比为30％，粒径为350目的颗粒的质量百分比为30％；加水搅拌20min，装袋保存；
(2)成型：按照YB/T 5110-93标准制作定形模具，在油压机上干压成型，成型压力20KN，施压30s，将砖坯推入隧道窑中，150-200℃干燥30-35h；
(3)烧结：采用隧道窑弱氧化性烧结，按5-10℃/min升温到1000℃保温1h，再以3-5℃/min升温1350℃保温6h，烧结完成后随炉冷却至室温出炉。
实验例1
检验实施例1提供的流钢砖(下称为3#流钢砖)的化学成分和物理性能，结果见表1：
表13#流钢砖的化学成分和物理性能
| 项目 | Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(％) | Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(％) | 气孔率(％) | 耐火度(℃) |
| 结果 | 45 | 1.5 | 30 | 1750 |
根据YB/T4637-2018，M70流钢砖的化学成分和物理性能见表2：
表2M70流钢砖的化学成分和物理性能
| 项目 | Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(％) | Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(％) | 气孔率(％) | 耐火度(℃) |
| 结果 | ≥70 | ≤1.8 | ≥28 | ≤1780 |
由表1和表2数据可知，本申请提供的流钢砖所含Al2O3较M70莫来石流钢砖显著减少，从而减少了α-Al2O3与钢中的Si及浇注过程中产生的MnO、SiO、Cr2O3等生成复杂的锰硅酸盐及铬锰尖晶石的概率，从而显著减少U26Mn2Si2CrNiMo在浇铸过程中对流钢砖内壁的侵蚀。
实验例2
将3#流钢砖与M70莫来石流钢砖用于同一炉浇铸(1号炉)，图1-图4直观对比了在相同条件下(同钢种、同浇铸温度、同浇铸速度)下两种流钢砖的侵蚀情况：
根据图1-4的情况，初步判定3#流钢砖不仅致密性好，结构牢固，而且抗侵蚀性能显著优于M70莫来石流钢砖。
实验例3
将3#流钢砖分别于1-5号炉集中试用，M70莫来石流钢砖于6号炉中使用，钢种仍选择U26Mn2Si2CrNiMo，浇铸条件保持U26Mn2Si2CrNiMo工艺不变，钢锭锻造成型后立即对探伤情况和夹杂物情况进行统计，结果见表5和6：
表5U26Mn2Si2CrNiMo探伤情况对比
| 炉号 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 平均增加 |
| 合格率(％) | 95.1 | 96.0 | 96.1 | 95.9 | 96.3 | 96.1 | +0.98 |
表5结果显示，3#流钢砖相较于M70莫来石流钢砖，探伤合格率提高0.98％。
表6U26Mn2Si2CrNiMo夹杂物情况对比
表6结果显示，3#流钢砖相较于M70莫来石流钢砖，C类D类夹杂更低，钢水纯净度更高。
综上所述，采用本发明提供的耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖；该流钢砖致密性好、结构牢固，显著减少了U26Mn2Si2CrNiMo在浇铸过程中对流钢砖内壁的侵蚀，通过浇铸后的汤道表面质量、流钢砖内壁侵蚀情况及成品钢材探伤结果可以看出，本流钢砖具有很好实用性。该耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖的制备方法适宜于大规模生产。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种耐高锰高硅高铬合金钢侵蚀的流钢砖，其特征在于：其原料按重量份数计包括：高铝矾土熟料65份，结合粘土35份；所述高铝矾土熟料包括质量百分比大于85％的Al2O3，质量百分比大于20％的Al2O3/SiO2，质量百分比小于2％的Fe2O3，质量百分比小于0.5％的CaO。
2.一种权利要求1所述的流钢砖的制备方法，其特征在于：包括：
(1)配料：将所述高铝矾土熟料和结合粘土按照上述重量份数混合、碾磨至以下标准：粒径为1.0-2.0mm的颗粒的质量百分比为30％，粒径为0.5-1.0mm的颗粒的质量百分比为10％，粒径为0-0.5mm的颗粒的质量百分比为30％，粒径为350目的颗粒的质量百分比为30％；加水搅拌20min，装袋保存。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法，其特征在于：还包括：
(2)成型：按照YB/T 5110-93标准制作定形模具，在油压机上干压成型，成型压力20KN，施压30s，将砖坯推入隧道窑中，150-200℃干燥30-35h；
(3)烧结：采用隧道窑弱氧化性烧结，按5-10℃/min升温到1000℃保温1h，再以3-5℃/min升温1350℃保温6h，烧结完成后随炉冷却至室温出炉。
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| CN101643364A (zh) * | 2009-09-01 | 2010-02-10 | 赵海军 | 高铝低铁浇钢砖及其制备方法 |
| CN105801144A (zh) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-07-27 | 安徽马钢耐火材料有限公司 | 一种优质高铝流钢砖及其制备方法与应用 |
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| DE3008251B1 (de) * | 1980-02-29 | 1981-06-11 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Feuerfestmaterial fuer Stahlschmelzen |
| CN101643364A (zh) * | 2009-09-01 | 2010-02-10 | 赵海军 | 高铝低铁浇钢砖及其制备方法 |
| CN105801144A (zh) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-07-27 | 安徽马钢耐火材料有限公司 | 一种优质高铝流钢砖及其制备方法与应用 |
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