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CN115424779B - Temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115424779B
CN115424779B CN202211071964.6A CN202211071964A CN115424779B CN 115424779 B CN115424779 B CN 115424779B CN 202211071964 A CN202211071964 A CN 202211071964A CN 115424779 B CN115424779 B CN 115424779B
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China
Prior art keywords
sheath
layer
water
temperature
sensitive color
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Application number
CN202211071964.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115424779A (en
Inventor
惠宝军
朱闻博
傅明利
成延庭
黄嘉盛
侯帅
冯宾
张逸凡
石银霞
李濛
凌颖
徐涛
韩卓展
展云鹏
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China South Power Grid International Co ltd
Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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China South Power Grid International Co ltd
Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211071964.6A priority Critical patent/CN115424779B/en
Publication of CN115424779A publication Critical patent/CN115424779A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/2825—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable using a water impermeable sheath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/26—Thermosensitive paints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/26—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping
    • H01B13/2613—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping by longitudinal lapping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/32—Filling or coating with impervious material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/32—Filling or coating with impervious material
    • H01B13/321—Filling or coating with impervious material the material being a powder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/285—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable by completely or partially filling interstices in the cable
    • H01B7/288—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable by completely or partially filling interstices in the cable using hygroscopic material or material swelling in the presence of liquid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/32—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks
    • H01B7/324—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks comprising temperature sensing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of cables, wherein the temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable comprises: a cable insulation core; the cable comprises a cable insulation wire core, a water blocking tape layer, a first sheath, a second sheath and a temperature-sensitive color-changing layer, wherein the water blocking tape layer is wrapped outside the cable insulation wire core; the water-blocking tape layer comprises water-blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate, the first sheath is made of aluminum, the second sheath is made of one of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, and the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer is a mixture of poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide and graphite. The invention improves the situation that the cable is wetted by moisture to form ablation defects, and can find and position the positions of the ablation defects from the appearance, so that the patrol personnel can purposefully maintain the positions.

Description

Temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, along with the sustainable development of economy and society, the power cable has wider application in urban network reconstruction due to the advantages of being beneficial to urban beautification, low in failure rate, small in occupied corridor, capable of improving power factor, simple in operation and maintenance and the like. However, since the cable is usually laid under the ground, when municipal engineering construction damages the ground, moisture on the ground surface easily invades the ground, and the cable is locally affected with moisture to easily form defects. Under the long-term action of high voltage and high current, the defects are gradually worsened, and finally the cable breakdown condition can be caused, peripheral circuits and equipment are burnt out, and the quality and the safety are difficult to ensure. Moreover, because the position of the cable wetting defect is inside, the inspection personnel cannot easily repair the position in a targeted manner from the appearance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable and a preparation method thereof, which improve the condition that the cable is wetted by moisture to form ablation defects, and can discover and position the positions of the ablation defects from the appearance, so that patrol personnel can purposefully maintain the positions.
The invention provides a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable, which comprises: a cable insulation core;
The cable comprises a cable insulation wire core, a water blocking tape layer, a first sheath, a second sheath and a temperature-sensitive color-changing layer, wherein the water blocking tape layer is wrapped outside the cable insulation wire core;
The water-blocking tape layer comprises water-blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate, the first sheath is made of aluminum, the second sheath is made of one of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, and the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer is a mixture of poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide and graphite.
Preferably, the cable insulation core comprises, from inside to outside: a conductor, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer.
Preferably, an anti-corrosion layer is further arranged between the first sheath and the second sheath, and the anti-corrosion layer is made of asphalt.
Preferably, the water-blocking tape layer is composed of a semi-conductive non-woven fabric and a semi-conductive bulked cotton, and the water-blocking powder is arranged between the semi-conductive non-woven fabric and the semi-conductive bulked cotton.
Preferably, the water blocking tape layer further comprises a semiconductive adhesive, and the semiconductive adhesive is arranged between the water blocking powder and the semiconductive non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the thickness of the water blocking tape layer is 1.3-2.1mm, the thickness of the semiconductive non-woven fabric is 0.1-0.2mm, the thickness of the water blocking powder is 0.1-0.2mm, the thickness of the semiconductive bulked cotton is 1.0-1.5mm, and the thickness of the semiconductive adhesive is 0.1-0.2mm.
A preparation method of a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable comprises the following steps:
s1: wrapping a water-blocking tape layer outside the cable insulation wire core, wherein the water-blocking tape layer comprises water-blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate;
s2: extruding a first sheath outside the water blocking tape layer, wherein the first sheath is made of aluminum;
s3: extruding a second sheath outside the first sheath, wherein the second sheath is made of one of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride;
S4: and coating the graphite solution of the composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide outside the second sheath to form a temperature-sensitive color-changing layer.
Preferably, the preparation method of the graphite solution of the compound poly N, N' -diethyl acrylamide comprises the following steps:
s41: mixing an acrylic acid solution and a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a sodium acrylate solution;
S42: adding N-isopropyl acrylamide and kaolin into the sodium acrylate solution to obtain a mixed solution;
S43: adding N, N '-methylene bisacrylamide and a potassium persulfate initiator into the mixed solution, heating in a water bath, and synthesizing poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide through polymerization reaction under the action of the initiator;
S44: and mixing graphite with water to obtain a graphite solution, and adding the poly-N, N '-diethyl acrylamide and the methylpentanol dispersing agent to obtain the graphite solution of the composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide.
Preferably, in the step S1, the preparation method of the cable insulation core includes: and extruding the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer from inside to outside in a three-layer co-extrusion mode outside the conductor to obtain the cable insulating wire core.
Preferably, in the step S3, an anti-corrosion layer is coated between the first sheath and the second sheath, and the anti-corrosion layer is asphalt.
Preferably, the S4 specifically is:
And pouring the graphite solution of the composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide outside the second sheath through a high-pressure pump, uniformly coating the graphite solution with a sponge polishing die, and drying residual moisture on the surface of the second sheath at the outlet of the sponge polishing die by a dryer to form a temperature-sensitive color-changing layer.
From the above technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the application provides a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable, which comprises: a cable insulation core;
The cable comprises a cable insulation wire core, a water blocking tape layer, a first sheath, a second sheath and a temperature-sensitive color-changing layer, wherein the water blocking tape layer is wrapped outside the cable insulation wire core;
The water-blocking tape layer comprises water-blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate, the first sheath is made of aluminum, the second sheath is made of one of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, and the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer is a mixture of poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide and graphite.
According to the application, the water blocking tape layer is used as a water blocking structure outside the cable insulating wire core, so that the moisture condition of the cable is effectively improved, meanwhile, water blocking powder in the water blocking tape layer at the moisture position of the cable is subjected to moisture expansion, the water blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate is in contact with the first sheath made of aluminum material to generate high-resistance powdery mildew, the electric connection between the water blocking tape layer and the first sheath can be damaged by the powdery mildew distributed on the surface of the water blocking tape layer, so that the capacitive current is unevenly distributed, the local temperature rise inside the cable is caused, the temperature is outwards conducted to the second sheath and the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer outside the second sheath layer by layer, the temperature sensing of poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide in the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer is changed from colorless to white, and is shown on the black graphite layer, so that the attention of a patrol personnel is brought to be beneficial to positioning the moisture defect position of the cable and maintenance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a temperature-sensitive color-changing layer of a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to another embodiment of the invention;
In the figure: 1. a conductor; 2. a conductor shielding layer; 3. an insulating layer; 4. an insulating shielding layer; 5. a water blocking tape layer; 6. a first sheath; 7. an anti-corrosion layer; 8. a second sheath; 9. a temperature sensitive color changing layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable and a preparation method thereof, which improve the condition that the cable is wetted by moisture to form ablation defects, and can discover and position the positions of the ablation defects from the appearance, so that patrol personnel can purposefully maintain the positions.
Referring to fig. 1, a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a cable insulation core;
the cable insulation wire core is wrapped with a water blocking tape layer 5, the water blocking tape layer 5 is wrapped with a first sheath 6, the first sheath 6 is wrapped with a second sheath 8, and the second sheath 8 is coated with a temperature sensitive color change layer 9;
The water-blocking tape layer 5 comprises water-blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate, the first sheath 6 is made of aluminum, the second sheath 8 is made of one of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, and the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer 9 is a mixture of poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide and graphite.
It should be noted that, the water-blocking tape layer 5 is used as a water-blocking structure outside the cable insulation core, so that the cable moisture condition is effectively improved, meanwhile, the water-blocking powder in the water-blocking tape layer 5 at the moisture position of the cable is subjected to moisture expansion, the water-blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate contacts with the first sheath 6 made of aluminum material to generate high-resistance powdery mildew, the electric connection between the water-blocking tape layer 5 and the first sheath 6 is damaged by the powdery mildew distributed on the surface of the water-blocking tape layer 5, so that the capacitive current is unevenly distributed, the local temperature rise inside the cable is caused, the temperature of the cable is gradually and outwards conducted to the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer 9 outside the second sheath 8, the temperature sensing of the poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide in the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer 9 is changed from colorless to white, and is developed on the black graphite layer, so that the inspection staff is led to pay attention, and the position of the moisture defect of the cable is favorably positioned and maintained.
The component of the powdery mildew is Al 2O3, because sodium polyacrylate in the water-blocking powder absorbs water to be alkaline, free OH - can be formed, the first sheath 6 made of aluminum is contacted with the water-blocking belt layer 5, and Al reacts with free OH - formed by sodium polyacrylate in the water-blocking powder and CO 2 in the air;
2Al+2OH-+2H2O＝2AlO2 -+3H2↑
at lower CO 2 concentrations:
2AlO2 -+CO2+3H2O＝2Al(OH)3↓+CO3 2-
When the concentration of CO 2 is higher:
2AlO2 -+CO2+2H2O＝Al(OH)3↓+HCO3 -
Since Al (OH) 3 is extremely decomposed by heat, al 2O3 is formed:
2Al(OH)3＝Al2O3+3H2O
Another class of ingredients of the white powder is a mixture of Na 2CO3 and NaHCO 3, because sodium polyacrylate in the water-resistant powder can also form free Na +. Depending on the concentration of CO 2 in air, OH - and CO 2 can react to form Na 2CO3 or NaHCO 3:
at lower CO 2 concentrations:
CO2+2OH-＝CO3 2-+H2O
CO3 2-+2Na+＝Na2CO3
When the concentration of CO 2 is higher:
CO2+OH-＝HCO3 -
HCO3-+Na+＝NaHCO3
In one embodiment of the present invention, the cable insulation core comprises, from inside to outside: a conductor 1, a conductor shielding layer 2, an insulating layer 3 and an insulating shielding layer 4.
The conductive shield layer 2 is made of a crosslinked polyethylene material to which conductive carbon black is added, the insulating layer 3 is made of a crosslinked polyethylene, and the insulating shield layer 4 is made of a crosslinked polyethylene material to which conductive carbon black is added.
The conductor 1 is wrapped with the conductor shielding layer 2, the insulating layer 3 and the insulating shielding layer 4, the conductor shielding layer 2 prevents partial discharge from occurring between the conductor 1 and the insulating layer 3, the insulating shielding layer 4 separates and shields the insulating layer 3 and the water blocking tape layer 5, the insulativity, shielding capacity, anti-magnetic field capacity and antistatic capacity of the cable conductor 1 are improved, and meanwhile, the conductor 1 is effectively protected from moisture invasion and moisture to form defects.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an anti-corrosion layer 7 is further disposed between the first sheath 6 and the second sheath 8, and the anti-corrosion layer 7 is made of asphalt.
It should be noted that asphalt has good waterproof, dampproof and anticorrosion effects, and the arrangement of the anticorrosion layer 7 further prevents external moisture from invading the inside of the cable to form defects, improves the corrosion resistance of the cable, and effectively prolongs the service life of the cable.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the water blocking tape layer 5 is composed of a semi-conductive non-woven fabric and a semi-conductive bulk cotton, and the water blocking powder is disposed between the semi-conductive non-woven fabric and the semi-conductive bulk cotton.
The semiconductive polyester fiber has good moisture resistance, is not easy to mildew and quick to dry, effectively avoids the condition that moisture invades to cause the inside of the cable to be wet, and reduces the internal defects of the cable.
The semiconductive bulked cotton can absorb a large amount of moisture and prevent external moisture from invading the cable insulation core. The semi-conductive non-woven fabric and the semi-conductive bulked cotton form a semi-conductive buffer water-blocking tape layer, and water-blocking powder is filled between the semi-conductive non-woven fabric and the semi-conductive bulked cotton.
The semi-conductive non-woven fabric is semi-conductive polyester fiber non-woven fabric, and the fiber raw material is polypropylene, and can also be polyacrylonitrile, polyamide and viscose fiber.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the water blocking tape layer further comprises a semiconductive adhesive disposed between the water blocking powder and the semiconductive non-woven fabric.
The uppermost layer of the water blocking tape layer 5 is a semiconductive bulk cotton, the lowermost layer is a semiconductive nonwoven fabric, and the water blocking powder of the polymer is adhered between the semiconductive bulk cotton and the semiconductive nonwoven fabric through a semiconductive adhesive.
The semiconductive bulked cotton is made of terylene chemical fiber materials, the semiconductive adhesive comprises acrylic ester emulsion and carbon black, and the water-blocking powder comprises sodium polyacrylate, lignosulfonate, urea, kaolin and carbon black.
The water-blocking tape layer 5 is located between the insulating shield layer 4 and the first sheath 6, and plays a role in longitudinal water blocking and mechanical buffering. Once moisture enters the cable, the water-blocking powder in the water-blocking tape layer 5 can agglomerate, absorb water and expand into mutually independent spheres, store the moisture inside and prevent the moisture from penetrating into the deep part of the cable.
In one embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the water-blocking tape layer 5 is 1.3-2.1mm, the thickness of the semiconductive non-woven fabric is 0.1-0.2mm, the thickness of the water-blocking powder is 0.1-0.2mm, the thickness of the semiconductive bulked cotton is 1.0-1.5mm, and the thickness of the semiconductive adhesive is 0.1-0.2mm.
Referring to fig. 3, a method for preparing a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
S1: wrapping a water-blocking tape layer 5 outside the cable insulation wire core, wherein the water-blocking tape layer 5 comprises water-blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate;
S2: extruding a first sheath 6 outside the water-blocking tape layer 5, wherein the first sheath 6 is made of aluminum;
S3: extruding a second sheath 8 outside the first sheath 6, wherein the second sheath 8 is made of one of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride;
S4: and coating the graphite solution of the composite poly N, N' -diethyl acrylamide outside the second sheath 8 to form a temperature-sensitive color-changing layer 9.
It should be noted that, the extrusion and wrapping are conventional manufacturing processes of cables, the extrusion of cables is to press a layer of glue on the outer surface of a semi-finished product, and the wrapping is a cable wrapping tape mode, that is, when a pair of wires or a group of wires are combined together, a layer of wrapping tape is used to wrap the wires around the wires, so that the wires are tightly and circularly wrapped together.
The extrusion first sheath 6 in S2 is specifically: a layer of corrugated aluminium first sheath 6 is extruded by an argon arc welding process.
The water-blocking powder in the water-blocking tape layer 5 is swelled due to moisture invasion, the water-blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate contacts with the first sheath 6 made of aluminum material to form high-resistance powdery mildew, the powdery mildew breaks good electrical connection between the water-blocking tape layer 5 and the first sheath 6, uneven capacitive current distribution is caused, the internal local temperature of the cable rises, heat is transferred to the second sheath 8 and the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer 9 outside the second sheath 8 step by step, and the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer 9 is formed by wet coating. The temperature-sensitive color-changing layer 9 is made of poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide which is a temperature-sensitive polymer material and can change color with temperature.
When the temperature is normal, only a black graphite layer can be observed on the appearance of the cable, but when the local temperature is increased, colorless poly-N, N '-diethyl acrylamide is thermochromic to white, and the colorless poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide appears on the black graphite layer (as white dots in fig. 2), namely the position is a position of a moisture defect inside the cable, and is favorable for maintenance of the position by inspection staff.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a graphite solution of composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide includes:
s41: mixing an acrylic acid solution and a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a sodium acrylate solution;
S42: adding N-isopropyl acrylamide and kaolin into a sodium acrylate solution to obtain a mixed solution;
S43: adding N, N '-methylene bisacrylamide and a potassium persulfate initiator into the mixed solution, heating in a water bath, and synthesizing poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide through polymerization reaction under the action of the initiator;
S44: mixing graphite with water to obtain a graphite solution, and adding a poly-N, N '-diethyl acrylamide and a methylpentanol dispersing agent to obtain the graphite solution of the composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide.
In another specific embodiment, a method for preparing a graphite solution of a composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide, comprises:
Acrylic acid solution and sodium hydroxide solution with mass concentration of 15-21% are mixed according to the mol ratio of 1: (0.5-0.7) mixing and stirring uniformly at room temperature to obtain a sodium acrylate solution with the neutralization degree of 50-70%;
adding N-isopropyl acrylamide with the dosage of 100% of acrylic acid and kaolin with the mass fraction of 5-15% into the sodium acrylate solution, uniformly stirring, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
adding N, N '-methylene bisacrylamide with the dosage of 0.04% of acrylic acid and a potassium persulfate initiator with the dosage of 4% of acrylic acid into the mixed solution, heating the mixture to 60 ℃ in a water bath, and synthesizing poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide through polymerization under the action of the initiator;
and mixing and stirring semiconductive graphite and water in a mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a graphite solution, and adding a proper amount of poly-N, N '-diethyl acrylamide and a methylpentanol dispersing agent in the stirring process to obtain the graphite solution of the composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide.
It should be noted that, the temperature-sensitive color-changing initial temperature can be changed by adjusting the graphite solution proportioning process of the compound poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide, for example: graphite: water: poly N, N' -diethyl acrylamide: dispersant=100:200:100:2, color change temperature 38 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in S1, the preparation method of the cable insulation core includes: and extruding the conductor shielding layer 2, the insulating layer 3 and the insulating shielding layer 4 outside the conductor 1 in a three-layer coextrusion mode from inside to outside to obtain the cable insulating core.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in S3, a corrosion protection layer 7 is applied between the first sheath 6 and the second sheath 8, and the corrosion protection layer 7 is asphalt.
In one embodiment of the present invention, S4 is specifically:
And pouring the graphite solution of the composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide outside the second sheath 8 through a high-pressure pump, uniformly coating the graphite solution with a sponge polishing die, and drying residual moisture on the surface of the second sheath 8 at the outlet of the sponge polishing die through a dryer to form the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer 9.
The graphite solution of the composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide is poured on the surface of the second sheath 8 of the high-voltage XLPE cable through a pneumatic pump. And (3) along with the traction device driving the cable to move forwards, coating the graphite solution uniformly by using a sponge polishing die, drying residual moisture on the surface of the second sheath 8 by using a dryer at the outlet of the sponge polishing die, and finally coiling.
Compared with distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, infrared thermal imaging detection, partial discharge detection and X-ray detection, the temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable provided by the invention has the advantages of higher positioning precision, lower cost, shorter time consumption, higher efficiency, suitability for long-distance cable lines, no need of consuming a great deal of manpower, material resources and time cost, and reduction of the operation and maintenance workload of inspection personnel.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable, comprising: a cable insulation core;
The cable comprises a cable insulation wire core, a water blocking tape layer, a first sheath, a second sheath and a temperature-sensitive color-changing layer, wherein the water blocking tape layer is wrapped outside the cable insulation wire core;
The water-blocking tape layer comprises water-blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate, the first sheath is made of aluminum, the second sheath is made of one of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, and the temperature-sensitive color-changing layer is a mixture of poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide and graphite.
2. The temperature-sensitive color-changing high voltage cable according to claim 1, wherein the cable insulation core comprises, from inside to outside: a conductor, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer.
3. The temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to claim 1, wherein an anti-corrosion layer is further arranged between the first sheath and the second sheath, and the anti-corrosion layer is made of asphalt.
4. The temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to claim 1, wherein the water-blocking tape layer is composed of a semiconductive nonwoven fabric and a semiconductive bulk cotton, and the water-blocking powder is provided between the semiconductive nonwoven fabric and the semiconductive bulk cotton.
5. The temperature-sensitive color-changing high voltage cable according to claim 4, wherein the water blocking tape layer further comprises a semiconductive adhesive, the semiconductive adhesive being provided between the water blocking powder and the semiconductive non-woven fabric.
6. The temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to claim 5, wherein the thickness of the water-blocking tape layer is 1.3-2.1mm, the thickness of the semiconductive non-woven fabric is 0.1-0.2mm, the thickness of the water-blocking powder is 0.1-0.2mm, the thickness of the semiconductive bulked cotton is 1.0-1.5mm, and the thickness of the semiconductive adhesive is 0.1-0.2mm.
7. The preparation method of the temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: wrapping a water-blocking tape layer outside the cable insulation wire core, wherein the water-blocking tape layer comprises water-blocking powder containing sodium polyacrylate;
s2: extruding a first sheath outside the water blocking tape layer, wherein the first sheath is made of aluminum;
s3: extruding a second sheath outside the first sheath, wherein the second sheath is made of one of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride;
S4: and coating the graphite solution of the composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide outside the second sheath to form a temperature-sensitive color-changing layer.
8. The method for preparing the temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to claim 7, wherein the method for preparing the graphite solution of the compound poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide comprises the following steps:
s41: mixing an acrylic acid solution and a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a sodium acrylate solution;
S42: adding N-isopropyl acrylamide and kaolin into the sodium acrylate solution to obtain a mixed solution;
S43: adding N, N '-methylene bisacrylamide and a potassium persulfate initiator into the mixed solution, heating in a water bath, and synthesizing poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide through polymerization reaction under the action of the initiator;
S44: and mixing graphite with water to obtain a graphite solution, and adding the poly-N, N '-diethyl acrylamide and the methylpentanol dispersing agent to obtain the graphite solution of the composite poly-N, N' -diethyl acrylamide.
9. The method for preparing the temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to claim 7, wherein in the step S1, the preparation method of the cable insulation core is as follows: and extruding the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer from inside to outside in a three-layer co-extrusion mode outside the conductor to obtain the cable insulating wire core.
10. The method for preparing a temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable according to claim 7, wherein in S3, an anti-corrosion layer is coated between the first sheath and the second sheath, and the anti-corrosion layer is asphalt.
CN202211071964.6A 2022-09-02 2022-09-02 Temperature-sensitive color-changing high-voltage cable and preparation method thereof Active CN115424779B (en)

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