CN115381381A - endoscopic device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides an endoscope device, which comprises a light source, a dispersion stretching device, a dispersion micro-lens and a detector, wherein the light source is used for emitting broad-spectrum pulse light, the dispersion stretching device is used for carrying out dispersion stretching treatment on the broad-spectrum pulse light so as to output dispersion stretching light with different wavelengths at different positions of a time domain, and then the dispersion micro-lens emits the dispersion stretching light to an interested object, wherein the axial focusing positions of the dispersion micro-lens on the light with different wavelengths are different; finally, the detector receives the light signal reflected by the object of interest for constructing a three-dimensional image. By adopting the method, the multi-depth simultaneous imaging of the interested object can be realized, the single photon detection can be realized, the mechanical axial scanning is not needed, the line scanning speed of the traditional CCD is not limited, and the imaging speed is higher.

Description

endoscopic device

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of medical photonics, in particular to an endoscope device.

Background technique

With the development of medical technology, endoscopic microscopes have been widely used in the medical field. Traditional reflective confocal microscopes are excited by a single wavelength of light, which can only image specific tissue depths under single-wavelength light excitation. Therefore, conventional reflection confocal microscopes can only image one depth plane at a time.

In this way, if 3D imaging needs to be completed, axial scanning needs to be performed by a mechanical scanning device, and the imaging speed is slow.

Contents of the invention

Based on this, it is necessary to provide an endoscope device with a fast imaging speed for the above technical problems.

The application provides an endoscope device, which includes a light source, a dispersion stretching device, a dispersion microlens and a detector; a light source for emitting broad-spectrum pulsed light; a dispersion stretching device for wide-spectrum The spectrum pulsed light is subjected to dispersion stretching processing to output the dispersion stretched light, and the wavelength of the dispersion stretched light is different at different positions in the time domain; the dispersion microlens is used to emit the dispersion stretched light to the object of interest, wherein the dispersion The microlens has different axial focus positions for light of different wavelengths; the detector is used to receive the light signal reflected by the object of interest, and the light signal reflected by the object of interest is used to construct a three-dimensional image of the object of interest.

In one embodiment, the dispersion stretching device includes two opposite silver mirrors, and a first preset angle exists between the two silver mirrors.

In one of the embodiments, the endoscope device further includes a first beam splitter, a grating, and a first lens group, the first lens group includes at least one lens, and the first beam splitter is arranged on the emission path of the broad-spectrum pulsed light The grating, the first lens group and the dispersion stretching device are all arranged on the transmission optical path of the first beam splitter, and the grating is located between the first beam splitter and the first lens group, and the first lens group is located between the grating and the first lens group between dispersion stretching devices.

In one of the embodiments, the endoscope device also includes a second beam splitter, the second beam splitter is arranged on the reflected light path of the first beam splitter; the dispersion microlens is arranged on the transmitted light of the second beam splitter On the path, the detector is arranged on the reflected light path of the second beam splitter.

In one of the embodiments, the endoscope device further includes a first objective lens, and the first objective lens is arranged on the optical path between the second beam splitter and the detector.

In one of the embodiments, the endoscope device further includes a small hole, and the small hole is arranged on the optical path between the first objective lens and the detector.

In one of the embodiments, the endoscope device also includes a two-dimensional scanning device, and the two-dimensional scanning device is arranged on the optical path between the second beam splitter and the dispersion microlens; the two-dimensional scanning device is used to adjust the dispersion stretching The exit direction of light from the dispersion microlens.

In one embodiment, the two-dimensional scanning device includes two opposite scanning mirrors and a driving device, and the driving device is used to drive the scanning mirrors to flip according to a second preset angle.

In one of the embodiments, the endoscope device also includes a second lens group and a mirror, and the second lens group includes two lenses; the second lens group and the mirror are all arranged between the second beam splitter and the dispersion microlens on the light path between.

In one embodiment, the endoscope device further includes a second objective lens and an optical fiber bundle; the second objective lens is located between the two-dimensional scanning device and the optical fiber bundle; the optical fiber bundle is located between the second objective lens and the dispersion microlens.

In one of the embodiments, the endoscope device further includes a high-speed acquisition system; the high-speed acquisition system is used for acquiring the output of the detector and reconstructing the three-dimensional image of the object of interest in real time.

The application provides an endoscope device, which includes a light source, a dispersion stretching device, a dispersion microlens and a detector, wherein the light source is used for emitting broad-spectrum pulsed light, and the dispersion stretching device is used for wide-spectrum The pulsed light is subjected to dispersion-stretching processing to output the dispersion-stretched light with different wavelengths at different positions in the time domain, and then the dispersion-stretched light is emitted to the object of interest by the dispersion micro-lens, wherein the dispersion micro-lens has different wavelengths The light is focused axially at different positions; finally a detector receives the light signal reflected by the object of interest and is used to construct a three-dimensional image. In this way, the broad-spectrum pulsed light is stretched in time by the dispersion stretching device, so that the light of different wavelengths is distributed at different times, and then the dispersion microlens focuses the light of different wavelengths on the axial direction of the object of interest different positions of the object of interest, and then the detector receives the light signal reflected back by the object of interest. Since the light of different wavelengths corresponds to different times, the light of different wavelengths is focused on different positions on the axial direction of the object of interest, so the light of different times Corresponding to different positions of the object of interest in the axial direction, that is, the signals at different times carry information of different depths of the object of interest, so that the three-dimensional information of the image of interest can be obtained directly, without axial mechanical scanning, and at the same time by the detection The single-photon detection is performed by the sensor, which does not need to be limited by the imaging speed due to the limited line scanning speed of the traditional CCD, so the imaging speed is faster.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an endoscopic device;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an endoscope device in another embodiment;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an endoscopic device in another embodiment;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an endoscopic device in another embodiment;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an endoscopic device in another embodiment;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an endoscopic device in another embodiment;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an endoscopic device in another embodiment.

Explanation of reference signs:

11. Light source; 12. Dispersion stretching device; 13. Dispersion micro lens;

14. Detector; 21. First beam splitter; 22. Grating;

23. The first lens group; 31. The second beam splitter; 32. Cylindrical lens;

41. First objective lens; 42. Small hole 51. Two-dimensional scanning device;

61. The second lens group; 62. Mirror 63. The second objective lens;

64. Optical fiber bundle.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

In this application, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be an intervening element.

The application provides an endoscope device, which includes a light source, a dispersion stretching device, a dispersion microlens and a detector, wherein the light source is used for emitting broad-spectrum pulsed light, and the dispersion stretching device is used for wide-spectrum The pulsed light is subjected to dispersion-stretching processing to output the dispersion-stretched light with different wavelengths at different positions in the time domain, and then the dispersion-stretched light is emitted to the object of interest by the dispersion micro-lens, wherein the dispersion micro-lens has different wavelengths The light is focused axially at different positions; finally a detector receives the light signal reflected by the object of interest and is used to construct a three-dimensional image. Since different wavelengths of light correspond to different times, the light of different wavelengths is focused to different positions on the axis of the object of interest, so the light at different times corresponds to different positions on the axis of the object of interest, that is, the signals carried by different times The information of different depths of the object of interest can be obtained, so that the three-dimensional information of the image of interest can be obtained directly, without the need for axial mechanical scanning. Limited, so imaging is faster.

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of an endoscope device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, this endoscopic device comprises light source 11, dispersion stretching device 12, dispersion microlens 13 and detector 14; Light source 11 is used for emitting broad-spectrum pulsed light; Broad-spectrum pulsed light is subjected to dispersion-stretching processing to output dispersion-stretching light, and the wavelengths of the dispersion-stretching light at different positions in the time domain are different; dispersion micro-lens 13 is used to emit dispersion-stretching light to the object of interest, wherein , the dispersion microlens 13 has different axial focusing positions for light of different wavelengths; the detector 14 is used to receive the light signal reflected by the object of interest, and the light signal reflected by the object of interest is used to construct a three-dimensional image of the object of interest.

Wherein, the light source 11 is used to emit broad-spectrum pulsed light, and the broad-spectrum pulsed light includes light of various wavelengths. The broad-spectrum pulsed light is stretched through the dispersion stretching device 12. The dispersion stretching device 12 can be a free-space angular-chirp-enhanced delay device (Free-space angular-chirp-enhanced delay, FACED), and the pulse width can be ps (10 ^-12 seconds) broad-spectrum pulsed light is time-stretched to ns (10 ^-9 seconds) level, so as to meet the response frequency of detector detection. Wherein, the dispersion-stretched light is light processed by the dispersion-stretching device 12, and the broad-spectrum pulsed light has different wavelengths at different positions in the time domain after being stretched by the dispersion-stretching device 12, that is, light of different wavelengths corresponds to at different times, thereby achieving time stretching. The dispersion micro-lens 13 emits the processed dispersion-stretched light to the object of interest. Since the dispersion micro-lens 13 has a large axial chromatic aberration, it can focus the light of different wavelengths on different positions in the axial direction, that is, the light of different wavelengths The light is focused on different depths of the object of interest, and the light signal reflected from the object of interest returns along the original path and is received by the detector 14 .

The detector 14 can be a single-photon detector, which can convert the optical signal into an electrical signal output, and can receive the single-photon optical signal and then convert the optical signal into an electrical signal for output, and the output electrical signal intensity is proportional to the optical signal intensity . Since light of different wavelengths corresponds to different depths, and light of different wavelengths corresponds to different times, the light received by the detector 14 at different times corresponds to different depths of the axial direction of the object of interest, and can be used to construct the object of interest. 3D image of the image.

In this embodiment, the endoscope device includes a light source, a dispersion stretching device, a dispersion microlens and a detector, wherein the light source is used to emit broad-spectrum pulsed light, and the dispersion stretching device is used to perform dispersion stretching on the broad-spectrum pulsed light processing to output the dispersion-stretched light with different wavelengths at different positions in the time domain, and then the dispersion-stretched light is emitted to the object of interest by the dispersion micro-lens, wherein the axial focus position of the dispersion micro-lens on the light of different wavelengths Different; finally the detector receives the light signal reflected by the object of interest and is used to construct the 3D image. In this way, the broad-spectrum pulsed light is stretched in time by the dispersion stretching device, so that the light of different wavelengths is distributed at different times, and then the dispersion microlens focuses the light of different wavelengths on the axial direction of the object of interest different positions of the object of interest, and then the detector receives the light signal reflected back by the object of interest. Since the light of different wavelengths corresponds to different times, the light of different wavelengths is focused on different positions on the axial direction of the object of interest, so the light of different times Corresponding to different positions of the object of interest in the axial direction, that is, the signals at different times carry information of different depths of the object of interest, so that the three-dimensional information of the image of interest can be obtained directly, without axial mechanical scanning, and at the same time by the detection The single-photon detection is performed by the sensor, which does not need to be limited by the imaging speed due to the limited line scanning speed of the traditional CCD, so the imaging speed is faster.

In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the endoscope device further includes a first beam splitter 21, a grating 22, and a first lens group 23. The first lens group 23 includes at least one lens. The beam splitter 21 is arranged on the emission optical path of the broad-spectrum pulsed light; the grating 22, the first lens group 23 and the dispersion stretching device 12 are all arranged on the transmission optical path of the first beam splitter 21, and the grating 22 is located in the first branch Between the beam splitter 21 and the first lens group 23 , the first lens group 23 is located between the grating 22 and the dispersion stretching device 12 .

Wherein, the first beam splitter 21 is located on the emission path of the broad-spectrum pulsed light source, and can divide the broad-spectrum pulsed light into multiple beams of light. The first beam splitter 21 has transmission and reflection characteristics. The grating 22 and the first lens group 23 And the dispersion stretching device 12 is arranged on the transmission light path of the first beam splitter 21 . Simultaneously, the grating 22 is positioned between the first beam splitter 21 and the first lens group 23, the first lens group 23, as shown in Figure 2, can include 2 lenses, and both lenses are positioned at the grating 22 and the dispersion stretching device Between 12. The broad-spectrum pulsed light is transmitted through the first beam splitter 21 and reaches the grating 22. The grating 22 disperses the light of different wavelengths in the broad-spectrum pulsed light, and then passes through the two lenses of the first lens group 23. The first lens group 23 pairs After the light is focused, it enters the dispersion stretching device 12 .

The dispersion stretching device 12 includes two opposite silver mirrors, and there is a first preset angle between the two silver mirrors.

Optionally, the dispersion stretching device 12 is composed of two opposite silver reflectors, a first preset angle is formed between the two silver reflectors, and the first preset angle is a slight angle, which can be adjusted, by adjusting The parameters and angles of the two silver mirrors make the light of different wavelengths enter the dispersion stretching device 12 at different angles in the broad-spectrum pulsed light after the dispersion of the grating 22, so the light of different wavelengths passes through the two sides of the dispersion stretching device 12. The paths of back and forth reflections differ between silver mirrors. The light can be reflected back to the original path by adjusting the tiny angle formed between the two silver mirrors of the dispersion stretching device 12 . At this time, light of different wavelengths forms a time delay difference due to different reflection paths, and light of different wavelengths corresponds to different times, thereby realizing time stretching.

In the above embodiment, the broad-spectrum pulsed light is time-stretched by the dispersion stretching device, and the light of different wavelengths corresponds to different times to meet the response frequency of the detector.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the endoscope device also includes a second beam splitter 31, the second beam splitter 31 is arranged on the reflected light path of the first beam splitter 21; the dispersion microlens 13 is arranged On the transmitted light path of the second beam splitter 31 , the detector 14 is arranged on the reflected light path of the second beam splitter 31 .

Wherein, the second beam splitter 31 has transmission and reflection characteristics, the second beam splitter 31 is located on the reflection optical path of the first beam splitter 21, the light reflected by the dispersion stretching device 12 returns along the original path, passes through the first splitter The reflection from the beam splitter 21 reaches the second beam splitter 31 , and the transmitted light path through the second beam splitter 31 reaches the dispersion microlens 13 . The light of different wavelengths is focused at different depths of the object of interest by the dispersive microlens 13, and then the signal reflected by the object of interest returns in the original path, passes through the second beam splitter 31 again, and passes through the second beam splitter 31 at this time The detector 14 is located on the reflected optical path of the second beam splitter 31 to detect the signal reflected by the object of interest.

Optionally, please continue to refer to FIG. 3 , a cylindrical lens 32 may also be included between the first beam splitter 21 and the second beam splitter 31 , and the cylindrical lens 32 can correct light.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the endoscope device further includes a first objective lens 41 disposed on the optical path between the second beam splitter 31 and the detector 14 .

Wherein, the signal reflected back by the object of interest passes through the reflection optical path of the second beam splitter 31 and reaches the first objective lens 41, and the first objective lens 41 focuses the reflected signal light.

Optionally, please continue to refer to FIG. 4 , the endoscope device further includes a small hole 42 disposed on the optical path between the first objective lens 41 and the detector 14 .

Optionally, a small hole 42 is added in front of the detector 14. The small hole 42 is a confocal small hole. The first objective lens 41 focuses the reflected signal light and then the reflected signal light passes through the small hole 42. The small hole 42 can block stray light and avoid The interference of stray light on the reflected signal.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, the endoscope device also includes a two-dimensional scanning device 51, and the two-dimensional scanning device 51 is arranged on the optical path between the second beam splitter 31 and the dispersion microlens 13; The scanning device 51 is used for adjusting the outgoing direction of the dispersion-stretched light from the dispersion micro-lens 13 .

Wherein, the two-dimensional scanning device 51 includes two opposite scanning mirrors and a driving device, and the driving device is used to drive the scanning mirrors to flip according to a second preset angle.

Optionally, the driving device may be a driving motor, through which the two scanning mirrors of the two-dimensional scanning device 51 are driven to flip according to the second preset angle, and the light passing through the two-dimensional scanning device 51 can be changed by changing the angle of the scanning mirrors. The output angle of the dispersion microlens 13 can be adjusted so that the light can be focused on different positions in the lateral direction of the object of interest through the dispersion microlens 13, thereby realizing the scanning of the entire two-dimensional plane of the image of interest.

In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, the endoscope device also includes a second lens group 61 and a mirror 62, and the second lens group 61 includes two lenses; the second lens group 61 and the mirror 62 are all arranged on The optical path between the second beam splitter 31 and the dispersion microlens 13 .

Wherein, the second lens group 61 includes two lenses, as shown in FIG. 6 , which can collimate and relay the incoming light beams. The second lens group 61 is disposed between the two-dimensional scanning device 51 and the second objective lens 63 . The distance between the first lens of the second lens group 61 and the two-dimensional scanning device 51 is the focal length of the first lens, and the distance between the first lens and the second lens of the second lens group 61 is the first lens and the focal length of the second lens, the distance between the second lens of the second lens group 61 and the second objective lens 63 is the focal length of the second lens of the second lens group 61 .

Reflector 62 is used to change the direction of light in the optical path, as shown in Figure 6, can include 2 reflectors, one is located on the optical path between the second beam splitter 31 and the second lens group 61, and the other is located on the second beam splitter 31 and the second lens group 61. The optical path between the lens group 61 and the dispersion microlens 13 .

In an optional embodiment, please continue to refer to FIG. 6, the endoscope device also includes a second objective lens 63 and an optical fiber bundle 64; the second objective lens 63 is located between the two-dimensional scanning device 51 and the optical fiber bundle 64; the optical fiber bundle 64 , located between the second objective lens 63 and the dispersion microlens 13 .

Wherein, the second objective lens 63 is located on the optical path between the two-dimensional scanning device 51 and the fiber bundle 64, and the second objective lens 63 focuses and couples the stretched broad-spectrum pulsed light into the fiber bundle 64 of the endoscope device, through The light is transmitted in the fiber bundle 64, and then the light is focused onto the object of interest by the dispersive microlens 13.

In one embodiment, the endoscope device further includes a high-speed acquisition system; the high-speed acquisition system is used for acquiring the output of the detector and reconstructing the three-dimensional image of the object of interest in real time.

Optionally, the high-speed acquisition system can be a high-sampling rate and high-bandwidth digitizer or real-time oscilloscope. By collecting the output of the detector, since the signals at different times already carry the information of different axial depths of the object of interest, it is not necessary to Mechanical axial scanning is required to realize real-time reconstruction of three-dimensional images of objects of interest.

Further, the overall structure of the endoscope device is shown in FIG. 7 . The broad-spectrum pulsed light emitted by the light source 11 is transmitted to the grating 22 through the first beam splitter 21, the grating 22 disperses the light of different wavelengths and then passes through the first lens group 23 to the dispersion stretching device 12, and the dispersion stretching device 12 will The broad-spectrum pulsed light is stretched in time, and the light of different wavelengths is stretched by the dispersion stretching device 12 and distributed in different times, and then returns to the first beam splitter 21 and reflects to the second beam splitter 31 , through the second beam splitter 31 transmission, the mirror 62 changes the direction of the light, the second objective lens 63 focuses the light and couples it into the fiber bundle 64, and the dispersion microlens 13 focuses the light of different wavelengths at different depths of the object of interest, through The two-dimensional scanning device 51 can perform horizontal two-dimensional scanning on the object of interest, and finally detect the signal reflected from the object of interest through the detector 14, and then perform signal acquisition and real-time 3D image reconstruction through the high-speed acquisition system. In this process, it is necessary to synchronize the pulse emission of the broad-spectrum pulsed light, the frame scanning of the two-dimensional scanning device, and the signal acquisition.

The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be It is considered to be within the range described in this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present application, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (11)

1. An endoscope device is characterized by comprising a light source, a dispersion stretching device, a dispersion micro-lens and a detector;

the light source is used for emitting broad-spectrum pulsed light;

the dispersion stretching device is used for performing dispersion stretching treatment on the broad-spectrum pulse light to output dispersion stretched light, and the wavelengths of the dispersion stretched light at different positions of a time domain are different;

the dispersion micro-lens is used for emitting the dispersion stretching light to an interested object, wherein the axial focusing positions of the dispersion micro-lens on light with different wavelengths are different;

the detector is configured to receive the light signal reflected by the object of interest, and the light signal reflected by the object of interest is used to construct a three-dimensional image of the object of interest.

2. An endoscopic device as defined in claim 1, wherein the dispersive stretching device comprises two opposing silver mirrors with a first predetermined angle therebetween.

3. The endoscopic device of claim 2, further comprising a first beam splitter, a grating, and a first lens group comprising at least one lens, the first beam splitter disposed on an emission path of the broad-spectrum pulsed light;

the grating, the first lens group and the dispersion stretching device are all arranged on a transmission light path of the first beam splitter, the grating is located between the first beam splitter and the first lens group, and the first lens group is located between the grating and the dispersion stretching device.

4. The endoscopic device of claim 3 further comprising a second beam splitter disposed on a reflected light path of the first beam splitter;

the dispersion micro lens is arranged on a transmission light path of the second beam splitter, and the detector is arranged on a reflection light path of the second beam splitter.

5. The endoscopic device of claim 4 further comprising a first objective lens disposed in the optical path between the second beam splitter and the detector.

6. The endoscopic device of claim 5 further comprising an aperture disposed in the optical path between the first objective lens and the detector.

7. The endoscopic device of claim 4 further comprising a two-dimensional scanning device disposed in the optical path between the second beam splitter and the dispersive microlens;

and the two-dimensional scanning device is used for adjusting the emergent direction of the dispersion stretching light from the dispersion micro-lens.

8. The endoscopic device as defined in claim 7, wherein the two-dimensional scanning device comprises two oppositely disposed scanning mirrors and a driving device for driving the scanning mirrors to turn according to a second preset angle.

9. The endoscopic device of claim 7 further comprising a second lens group comprising two lenses and a mirror;

the second lens group and the reflector are both arranged on a light path between the second beam splitter and the dispersive micro-lens.

10. The endoscopic device of claim 7 further comprising a second objective lens and a fiber optic bundle;

the second objective lens is positioned between the two-dimensional scanning device and the optical fiber bundle;

the optical fiber bundle is positioned between the second objective lens and the dispersive micro-lens.

11. The endoscopic device of claim 1 further comprising a high speed acquisition system;

the high-speed acquisition system is used for acquiring the output of the detector and reconstructing a three-dimensional image of the interested object in real time.

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