CN115341934A - Anchoring method and structure of anchor rod with enlarged head - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides an enlarged footing stock anchoring method, which comprises the following steps: drilling a hole in the anchoring position, and then inserting the anchoring main body into the drilled hole, wherein an isolator is arranged outside the anchoring main body, and a stopper is arranged on the isolator and used for limiting the size of each part of the isolator; injecting a proper amount of slurry into the drill hole and the isolator to fill the slurry into the drill hole, and gradually reducing the cross-sectional area of the slurry in the isolator towards the direction of the drill hole opening under the limitation of the limiter; and curing and solidifying the grouting to obtain the formed anchoring structure. The application provides a technical scheme can increase anchor effect after the grout. The invention also provides an anchor structure of the enlarged head anchor rod, and the anchor structure also has the effects.

Description

An anchoring method and structure of an enlarged head bolt

technical field

The invention relates to an anchoring method and structure of an enlarged head bolt, belonging to the technical field of geotechnical engineering.

Background technique

With the continuous development of engineering construction scale, rock-soil anchorage technology has highlighted its broad application prospects. Anchor is a bar system structure for rock and soil reinforcement. Through the longitudinal tension of the anchor, it overcomes the shortcoming that the tensile capacity of rock and soil is far lower than the compressive capacity, and increases the cohesion of rock and soil. At present, anchor rods have been widely used in the construction of slopes, foundation pits, mines, tunnels, underground works, dams and anti-tilting and anti-floating structures. In the existing anchor rod, after the rock and soil layer is drilled, the rod body of the anchor hole is inserted into the hole, and then the grout is poured into the hole and solidified to form an anchor section, so that the rock and soil layer is reinforced by the anchor section.

However, there are some disadvantages in the existing anchoring method. After the anchor rod is inserted, there are easily falling mud or stones in the hole during grouting, which makes the grouting mixed. After curing, the contact area between the anchoring body and the surrounding solidified grout is small. It is easy to have holes and the anchoring effect is poor. In the prior art, the capsule bolt is used to solve this problem, but when the capsule bolt is used for grouting outside the capsule, when grouting inside the capsule, due to the pressure of the slurry outside the capsule, the slurry in the capsule solidifies and forms The bottom is small and the top is big, when the anchor rod is pulled, the surrounding slurry cannot provide resistance to the slurry in the capsule, making the anchoring effect unsatisfactory.

Therefore, how to provide an anchoring method for an enlarged head bolt that can increase the anchoring effect after grouting is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to increase the anchoring effect after grouting. The invention provides an anchoring method for an enlarged head bolt, comprising the following steps: setting an isolator outside the anchoring body; setting a limiter outside the isolator to limit the size of each part of the isolator; drilling a hole at the anchoring position , insert the anchoring body into the borehole; inject an appropriate amount of slurry into the borehole and the isolator respectively, so that the slurry fills the inside of the borehole; in the filling state, the transverse direction of the slurry in the isolator is restricted by the limiter. The cross-sectional area gradually decreases toward the drilling hole; the grouting is cured and solidified.

According to a first embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for anchoring an enlarged head bolt:

An anchoring method for an enlarged head bolt, comprising the following steps: setting an isolator outside the anchoring body; setting a limiter outside the isolator to limit the size of each part of the isolator; drilling a hole at the anchoring position, and placing the anchor The main body is inserted into the borehole; an appropriate amount of slurry is injected into the borehole and the isolator respectively, so that the slurry fills the inside of the borehole; in the filling state, the cross-sectional area of the slurry in the isolator is restricted by the stopper The direction of the drilling hole gradually decreases; the grouting is cured and solidified.

Furthermore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the isolator is an elastic soft bag, the stopper is arranged on the isolator, and the stopper is made of soft material, so The elasticity of the limiter is smaller than that of the isolator.

Furthermore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stopper includes a plurality of ring structures; wherein, a plurality of the rings are stacked and arranged on the isolator, and a plurality of the rings The diameter of the ring decreases gradually toward the borehole opening.

Furthermore, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the isolator is a soft bag, the limiter is arranged on the outside of the isolator, and the limiter includes: a sliding sleeve set on the anchor body The push ring on the top; the diagonal brace hinged with the push ring, one end of the diagonal brace is connected with the push ring; the horizontal brace is hinged with the end of the diagonal brace away from the push ring, and the horizontal brace The end of the rod away from the diagonal brace is hinged to the bottom of the anchoring body; the fixer arranged on the anchoring body is used to limit the position of the push ring after being pushed toward the anchoring section of the anchoring body.

Further, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are several diagonal bracing rods, and the hinged rotation angle between the diagonal bracing rod and the push ring is 0-60°, and the bottom of the anchoring body is provided with The connecting ear is used to hinge the horizontal strut, and the horizontal strut takes the bottom of the anchoring section of the anchor body as the fulcrum from the vertical state to the horizontal state, and the fixer is arranged when the horizontal strut is in the horizontal state. above where the push ring is located.

Further, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixer is a pin, and the anchor rod is provided with a through hole, and the pin is adapted to the through hole, and the perforation is set at the corresponding bottom of the push ring. Location.

Further, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, when injecting an appropriate amount of slurry into the borehole and the isolator, first inject 0.3-0.7 times the drill hole volume slurry into the borehole, and then inject the slurry into the isolator Fill the inside with grout. When the drill hole is not filled with grout, add grout to the drill hole.

Further, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the isolator is provided with bumps, and the bumps are evenly divided into the bottom of the isolator, and after the grouting of the isolator, the bumps The point forms a bulge that protrudes toward the bottom of the borehole.

Further, as a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, an expansion agent is added to the slurry, and the separator is a degradable material; On the device, the air pockets are respectively injected with the bacteria solution that can react with the concrete and the degradation solution of the degradable separator.

According to a second embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an anchoring structure:

An anchoring structure prepared by the method of the first embodiment, comprising a borehole; an anchor rod arranged in the borehole; concrete filling the borehole; an isolator is provided on the anchoring section of the anchoring body, and the anchoring body A limiter is provided on the anchorage section of the isolator to limit the shape of the isolator after being injected with concrete. The isolator forms a conical structure after being injected with concrete. decrease.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the application. By installing an isolator in the anchoring body to isolate the soil and sand in the drill hole, and then inject grout to the outside and inside of the isolator, the anchoring body can fully contact with the grouting inside the isolating device, and the adhesion is strong. Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the slurry in the stopper is controlled to be large and small through the components. When the anchor rod is pulled, after the slurry in the stopper is solidified and formed, due to the large volume of the bottom, it will be separated from the upward direction due to the large volume of the bottom. The concrete outside the container forms relative resistance, thereby increasing the stability of the anchorage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation before anchorage structure grouting of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation after the anchorage structure grouting of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stopper in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a stopper in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stopper in Embodiment 9 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the protrusion at the bottom of the isolator in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air pocket in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of traditional bolt;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a traditional capsule anchor;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of theoretical force analysis of the pocket of a traditional capsule anchor;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the overall theoretical force analysis of the traditional capsule bolt;

Fig. 12 is the structural schematic diagram of actual molding in the capsule bag of traditional capsule anchor rod;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of stress analysis of concrete in the isolator of the anchorage structure of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the overall force analysis of the anchoring structure of the present invention.

Reference signs:

Drill hole 1, anchor rod 2, isolator 201, protrusion 2011, limiter 202, push ring 2021, diagonal strut 2022, horizontal strut 2023, fixer 2024, air pocket 203, concrete 3.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution in the application, the technical solution in the embodiment of the application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the application. Obviously, the described implementation Examples are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "arranged" on another element, it may be directly on another element or indirectly on another element; when an An element is said to be "connected to" another element, either directly or indirectly.

It is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top" , "bottom", "inner", "outer" and other indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device Or elements must have a certain orientation, be constructed and operate in a certain orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the application.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present application, the meanings of "plurality" and "several" are two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification, for those who are familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions that this application can implement , so it has no technical substantive meaning, and any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the disclosure disclosed in this application without affecting the effect and purpose of this application. The technical content must be within the scope covered.

According to a first embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for anchoring an enlarged head bolt:

The present application provides a technical solution for an anchoring method of an enlarged head bolt. An anchoring method for an enlarged head bolt includes the following steps:

An isolator is arranged outside the anchoring body; a limiter is arranged outside the isolator to limit the size of each part of the isolator; a hole is drilled at the anchoring position, and the anchoring body is inserted into the drill hole; Inject an appropriate amount of slurry to fill the inside of the borehole; in the filling state, the cross-sectional area of the slurry in the isolator is gradually reduced toward the drilling hole through the restriction of the stopper; maintain the grouting Curing and forming.

The present application provides a technical proposal of an anchoring method for an enlarged head bolt. In this scheme, an isolator is installed in the anchoring body to isolate the soil and sand in the borehole, and then grouting is injected to the outside and inside of the isolator, so that the anchoring body can fully contact the grouting inside the isolating device, The adhesion is strong, and the cross-sectional area of the slurry in the stopper is controlled to be large and small through the components. When the anchor is pulled, after the slurry in the stopper is solidified and formed, due to the large volume of the bottom, When going upward, it forms relative resistance with the concrete outside the isolator, thereby increasing the stability of the anchorage. The anchorage body in this application includes an anchor rod or anchor cable or other appliances that can be used for anchorage.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the isolator 201 is an elastic soft bag, the stopper 202 is arranged on the isolator 201, and the stopper 202 is a soft material, The limiter 202 is arranged on the inside or outside of the isolator 201, and is used to limit the maximum size of each part of the film bag from the bottom of the borehole to the opening of the borehole.

It should be noted that the isolator 201 is set as a soft bag, which can be a film bag, so that it can be shrunk and wrapped around the anchor section of the anchor rod 2 and stuffed into the opening of the borehole 1, and then stretched in the borehole 1 or through injection. The slurry will stretch the film bag, and when the stopper 202 is set on the inside of the film bag, the soft bag body will be inelastic. After entering the drilling 1, the whole film bag can be stretched and then grouted, before the grouting The size of each part of the film is limited, and when the stopper 202 is arranged on the outside of the film bag, the stopper 202 is arranged on the outside of the film bag, and the size of the film bag is limited during grouting, so that the formed concrete 3 forms The lower part is larger and the upper part is smaller, so as to increase the resistance force when the anchor rod 2 is pulled outward.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the isolator 201 is an elastic soft bag, the limiter is arranged on the outside of the isolator 201, and the limiter 202 is a soft chain or For the rope body, the elasticity of the limiter 202 is less than or equal to that of the isolator, and the limiter 202 is fixed on the isolator 201 by one of bonding, binding, and a rope.

It should be noted that the isolator is set as a soft material with elasticity to facilitate the complete winding of the isolator on the anchor body, and the stopper 202 is also set as a soft chain or rope to facilitate the isolation of the stopper 202. The isolator 201 is also wound on the anchor section at the same time. When the anchor rod is inserted into the borehole, the isolator 201 and the stopper 202 are inserted together, and then the whole is supported by grouting. The reason for the elasticity of the isolator 201 is to allow The slurry in the isolator 201 expands outwards to form a bulge, and then passes through the limiter that has no elasticity or is less elastic, which can limit the maximum diameter of the isolator’s outward expansion, so that the slurry in the isolator 201 is shaped and formed The side has several convex shapes, which is convenient to increase the contact area between the inside of the separator and the slurry outside the separator 201, thereby increasing the frictional force.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the limiter 202 includes a plurality of circular ring structures; wherein, a plurality of the circular rings are stacked and arranged on the isolator 201, and a plurality of the circular rings The diameter of the drill hole gradually decreases in diameter.

It should be noted that the expanded volume of the isolator 201 itself decreases sequentially from bottom to top, forming a structure with a large bottom and a small top, and then the spacer 201 is fixed layer by layer by the stopper 202 in a circular shape. Form a shape with a small bottom and a big top, and after grouting, several slurry rings protruding outward are formed in the middle, on the one hand, the contact area of the slurry inside and outside the isolator 201 is increased, and the friction force is increased; The resistive force of the slurry protrudes below, and the limiter 202 is set in a ring shape to make the force around the anchor rod 2 uniform.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the isolator 201 is a soft bag, the limiter 202 is a hollow frame, the anchor rod 2 is located in the limiter 202, and the limiter 202 is a hollow frame. The middle part of the stopper 202 is rotatably fixed on both sides of the anchoring section of the anchor rod 2, and is used to rotate the stopper 202 close to the axial direction of the anchor rod 2. The stopper 202 includes several frames with different lengths, And the frame increases in length from the bottom to the top, and the width of each frame is the same. The length of the stopper 202 is less than the diameter of the bottom of the borehole 1 and greater than the diameter of the hole 1. The stopper 202 The width is less than the diameter of borehole 1.

It should be noted that the isolator 201 is set as a soft bag to facilitate winding it on the anchor section of the anchor rod. The stopper and the isolator 201 are not fixed, and the stopper is directly arranged on the anchor body and can be rotated. The limiter 202 is located outside the isolator 201. After grouting is injected into the isolator 201, the size of the limiter 202 is limited after expansion, forming a shape with a lower part and an upper part. The middle part of the stopper 202 can be rotatably fixed on the anchor The rod is for when the anchor rod is penetrated into the hole, because the hole is relatively small, it is convenient to place the whole device inside the hole. After the final grouting, it solidifies in the hole to form a trapezoidal wall, which can be Increase anchoring force.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the isolator 201 is a soft bag, the stopper 202 is arranged on the outside of the isolator 201, and the stopper 202 includes: a sliding sleeve set on the anchor The push ring 2021 on the main body; the diagonal brace 2022 hinged with the push ring 2021, one end of the diagonal brace 2022 is connected with the push ring 2021; the one end of the diagonal brace 2022 away from the push ring 2021 is hinged Horizontal strut 2023, one end of the horizontal strut 2023 away from the diagonal strut 2022 is hinged at the bottom of the anchoring body; the fixer 2024 arranged on the anchoring body is used to limit the push ring 2021 to the anchoring section of the anchoring body after pushing Location. The pivoting angle between the diagonal strut 2022 and the push ring 2021 is 0-60°, the bottom of the anchoring body is provided with connecting ears, and the connecting lugs are used to hinge the horizontal strut 2023, and the horizontal strut 2023 is used to anchor the main body The bottom of the anchoring section is the fulcrum from the vertical state to the horizontal state, and the fixer 2024 is arranged above the position where the push ring 2021 is when the horizontal strut 2023 is in the horizontal state.

It should be noted that it is convenient to wind the isolator 201 on the anchor rod 2 by setting a soft bag body to facilitate insertion into the hole 1, and the stopper 202 is set in a retractable structure. 2022 and the horizontal strut 2023 are located on a straight line, parallel to the axis of the anchor rod 2, close to the surroundings of the anchor rod 2, so that the anchor rod 2 enters the borehole 1, and the push ring 2021 is also located at the highest point, and the anchor rod 2 is plugged After entering the borehole 1, push the push ring 2021 downward, and the diagonal strut 2022 pushes the horizontal strut 2023 outward until the horizontal strut 2023 is in a horizontal state. After the push ring 2021 is fixed, the inner side of the entire limiter 202 is a triangular cone. When the grout is injected into the isolator 201, the isolator 201 expands and is restricted by the limiter 202 to form a triangular cone. When the isolator 201 has When the elasticity is certain, a convex line of slurry will protrude between two adjacent diagonal braces 2022, which increases the release area of the internal slurry and the external slurry of the isolator 201, and the formation of a triangular cone also greatly increases the anchoring force. Increases internal and external friction.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, there are several diagonal braces 2022, and each diagonal brace 2022 is connected to a horizontal brace 2023, and the top ends of the diagonal braces 2022 are hinged on On the push ring 2021 ; several connecting points are provided in the middle of the diagonal strut 2022 and the horizontal strut 2023 for connecting with the isolator 201 . The fixer 2024 is a pin, and the anchor rod 2 is provided with a perforation, the pin is adapted to the perforation, and the perforation is set at a position corresponding to the lowest part of the push ring 2021 .

It should be noted that a plurality of diagonal struts 2022 can increase the limiting force of the limiter 202 on the isolator 201, and the connection points are set to fix the isolator 201 on the diagonal struts 2022 and the horizontal The isolator 201 is fixed at the corresponding position on the strut 2023 , the structure is stable, and it will not be deformed when it is impacted by the concrete 3 . Set the fixer When the push ring is pushed to the lowest position, fix the push ring at the corresponding position to ensure the shape stability of the entire limiter.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, when injecting an appropriate amount of slurry into the borehole and the isolator, first inject 0.3-0.7 times the drill hole volume slurry into the borehole, and then fill the isolator with When the slurry in the drill hole is not filled, add grout to the drill hole.

It should be noted that since the borehole will eventually be partially occupied by the slurry in the isolator, when injecting the drilling slurry, do not fill it up to avoid waste. In addition, inject the slurry into the borehole first, It is convenient to fix the anchoring body at a certain position, and when grouting into the isolator, the internal slurry will be backlogged by the external slurry, which is not conducive to grouting, so inject a small amount first to facilitate the smooth injection of the grout in the isolator and Form the shape limited by the stopper.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, an expansion agent is added to the slurry, and the separator is a degradable material; the separator further includes: air pockets, the air pockets are arranged on the separator, Bacteria fluid that can react with concrete is filled in the air pocket.

It should be noted that adding an expansion agent to the slurry can cause the slurry to expand during the solidification process. On the one hand, it increases the interaction force of the slurry inside and outside the separator, thereby increasing the friction force. In addition, the expansion of the slurry can make the isolation The air bubbles on the separator are squeezed and broken, so that the bacterial liquid in the air bubbles flows out and reacts with the concrete, repairing the gap between the interior of the isolator and the external concrete. The isolator is a degradable material, which is more convenient for the interior and exterior of the isolator It is easier to repair the connection between the concrete after the bacteria solution flows out.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the expansion agent is one or more of anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate, alunite, and gypsum, and the addition amount is 0.1-10% of the concrete mass.

It should be noted that the amount of expansion agent to be added can be added according to the thickness of the air pockets in the separator used. When the thickness is large, a greater pressure is required to crush the air pockets, so more concrete additives need to be added. Conversely, when the thickness is smaller, less concrete additives need to be added. The expansion agent selected can be any component that can gradually expand the concrete as it sets.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the bacterial species in the bacterial liquid is one or more of Bacillus pasteurianus, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus candida, and Bacillus alkalophilus.

It should be noted that when the bacteria solution flows out of the air pockets, the bacteria begin to grow and produce limestone, which can stabilize the structure, and the grown limestone fills the gap between the inner and outer concrete of the isolator, and connects the inner and outer concrete to repair the gap, and at the same time reduces shrinks and makes the concrete more waterproof.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the air capsules 203 include bacterial liquid air capsules and degradation liquid air capsules, the bacterial liquid air capsules and degradation liquid air capsules are arranged at intervals, and the degradation liquid air capsules are injected into There is a degradation liquid for the isolator, the inside of the degradation liquid bubble capsule is coated with an isolation coating, and the bacteria liquid bubble capsule is filled with a bacteria liquid that can react with concrete.

It should be noted that the degradation liquid is added to the bubble bag, and the degradation liquid corresponds to the material of the isolator. For example, when the isolator is made of PE material, the degradation liquid is any existing degradable polyethylene material, which can be biological Enzyme or Enzymoplast additive, the purpose of setting a coating on the inside of the degradation liquid bubble capsule is to avoid the contact between the degradation liquid and the separator material when no degradation is required. It can be any kind of coating that does not react with the degradation liquid, bacterial liquid bubble capsule and The degradation liquid bubble capsules are arranged on the surface of the isolator in a display style, and there is a degradation liquid bubble capsule between the two bacteria liquid bubble capsules, which can make the two kinds of bubble capsules evenly distributed and facilitate subsequent reactions.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the anchoring method also includes the following steps: adding an appropriate amount of expansion agent to the concrete during grouting, and when the concrete is solidified, expansion occurs to squeeze the air pockets in the isolator to release the bacterial liquid And the degradation liquid, wherein the degradation liquid is accelerated to degrade after contacting the isolator material, and the bacteria liquid reacts to repair the gap after contacting the concrete.

It should be noted that the degradable separator is degraded by the degradation liquid, and the gap between the concrete is repaired through the reaction of the bacterial liquid and the concrete, thereby increasing the anchoring force.

According to a second embodiment of the present invention, an anchoring structure for an enlarged head bolt is provided:

An anchoring structure prepared by the above method, comprising a borehole 1; an anchor rod 2 arranged in the borehole 1; concrete 3 filling the borehole 1; an isolator 201 is provided on the anchoring section of the anchor rod 2, and the The anchoring section of the anchor rod 2 is provided with a limiter 202, which is used to limit the shape of the isolator 201 injected into the concrete 3. After the isolator 201 is injected into the concrete 3, a conical structure is formed. The cross section of the conical structure is composed of The bottom of borehole 1 gradually decreases toward the mouth of borehole 1.

It should be noted that by setting an isolator on the anchor body, the anchor section of the anchor rod is wrapped in the isolator to avoid impurities affecting the contact between the anchor rod and the concrete. A limiter is set outside the isolator to limit the isolator. During grouting, the size from the bottom of the borehole to the direction of the borehole mouth is gradually reduced, which is convenient for increasing the mutual resistance of the concrete inside the isolator and outside the isolator after grouting, thereby increasing the anchoring force.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the anchoring structure further includes: a protruding point arranged at the bottom of the isolator 201, the protruding point is uniformly divided into parts at the bottom of the isolator 201, and the isolator 201 is grouted Then, a protrusion 2011 protruding toward the bottom of the borehole 1 is formed at the protrusion.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of protrusions are provided at the bottom of the isolator 201 to facilitate the formation of a plurality of protrusions 2011 after the slurry is injected, thereby increasing the contact area and increasing the grip.

The stress analysis of the enlarged head bolt anchorage structure prepared by the present invention is as follows:

As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, it is a traditional pressure-type equal-diameter expansion capsule anchor rod. In its structure, the diameter of the capsule body is larger than the diameter of the drill hole, the slurry and soil in the capsule are separated, and the strength of the stone body is improved. The anchoring principle is through a large diameter The steel wire cage stone capsule with the diameter of the borehole is located at the bottom of the borehole to provide anchoring force, and the side is subjected to static earth pressure P ₀ . The formula for calculating the bearing capacity of the pressure-type equal-diameter expansion bladder anchor is as follows:

T＝s _P p(R ² -r ² )+2t ₁ prh+2t ₂ pRH

Among them, σp is the normal stress on the cross-section of the anchor, R is the radius of the reaming section in the borehole, r is the radius of the ordinary borehole, h is the length of the ordinary borehole, and H is the length of the reaming section in the borehole.

As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, the anchoring structure prepared for this application is a pressure-type corrugated conical expansion bladder anchor rod, and its force is directly transmitted to the pressure plate at the bottom of the rod body through the tension T of the anchor rod. Concrete concretions further extrude the hole wall after being extruded and expanded, generating passive earth pressure p _p , and the corrugated conical contact surface improves the occlusion between the concretion and rock-soil mass, increasing the anchoring force. The calculation formula of the anchorage bearing capacity of the anchorage structure prepared by the present application is as follows:

Among them, σp is the normal stress on the cross-section of the anchor, R is the radius of the reaming section in the borehole, r is the radius of the common borehole, h is the length of the common borehole, H is the length of the reaming section in the borehole, p _p is the passive earth pressure, and τ ₂ ′ is the downward friction force of the soil on both sides of the borehole on the anchorage structure when the bolt is pulled up.

Therefore, the anchoring force of the anchoring structure prepared in this application is improved as follows:

The anchoring force optimization principle of the anchorage structure of the present application is specifically as follows:

1. Change static earth pressure to passive earth pressure. When the traditional pressure-type equal-diameter expansion bladder bolt is pulled up, the soil on the side of the borehole is static, and there is static earth pressure on the concrete in the borehole. However, when the anchoring structure of the application is pulled up, its conical structure When it is upward, it will exert a squeezing force on the side, and produce an outward push force on the side soil, while the side soil will form a reaction force, which is passive earth pressure;

2. Pull force is converted into pressure. When the traditional pressure-type equal-diameter expansion bladder bolt is pulled up, the side wall will be subjected to downward friction from the soil outside the borehole, while the concrete in the isolator in this application has a conical structure, and the tension on the bolt is When pulling out, the bottom of the conical structure is pressed upwards and outwards at the same time, and the soil on both sides of the borehole provides a reaction force to press inwards, clamping and fixing the anchoring structure in the borehole, so the isolator structure of the present application is subjected to two In addition to the downward friction of the soil on the side, it is also clamped by the soil on both sides, and the structure is more stable than the traditional pressure-type equal-diameter expansion bladder anchor;

3. Increase the contact surface friction and greatly increase the anchoring force. In this application, a limiter is set on the isolator, so that the concrete in the isolator forms a conical structure as a whole, and at the same time, uneven structures such as protrusions are formed on the side wall, which greatly increases the difference between the concrete inside the limiter and the outside of the limiter. The contact area of the concrete increases the friction between the two and further enhances the anchoring force.

In the actual construction process, when the traditional pressure-type equal-diameter expansion bladder anchor is produced, the anchor with the bladder is inserted into the drill hole first, the drill hole is first filled with slurry, and then the slurry is injected into the bladder. However, after the drill hole is filled with slurry, pressure will be generated in the bladder, and when the slurry is injected into the bladder, the amount of slurry in the bladder will be small at the beginning of the injection, and it is difficult to resist the extrusion of the concrete outside the bladder to the bladder The force makes it difficult to stretch the bottom of the pouch outward. As more and more slurry is injected, the pouch is gradually stretched when it reaches the top of the pouch, so that the entire pouch is in the shape of a rounded table with a large upper part and a smaller lower part. As shown in Figure 12, the side of the formed rounded table-shaped structure is subjected to the friction force of the concrete outside the pocket, and the outside of the borehole is subjected to the static earth pressure of the surrounding soil; Extruding the external concrete, the side wall of the rounded truncated structure and the outer concrete have a tendency to move away, the pressure on the side wall of the rounded truncated structure becomes smaller, the friction force is reduced, the anchoring effect is poor, and the uplift During the process, because the bottom of the rounded truncated cone is small, it is easy to pull out, and the structural stability is low. It is difficult for operating personnel to find this problem in the prior art during the construction process.

After this application adds stoppers to the outside of the pouch, the cross-sectional size of each position of the pouch can be limited. When grouting, the slurry in the pouch gradually increases, but the transverse direction limited by the stopper toward the drill hole The cross-section gradually decreases, the pressure of the slurry in the bladder gradually increases, and then it is squeezed to the bottom to fill the bottom of the entire bladder, so that the slurry in the bladder forms a structure in which the cross-sectional area gradually decreases toward the drilling hole, and Strip-shaped or ring-shaped protrusions are formed on the side. When the bolt is pulled up, compared with the traditional rounded table-shaped structure, the passive earth pressure of the soil on the side of the borehole and the friction between the inside of the bag and the concrete outside the bag are increased. And resistance, increasing the anchoring effect.

Example 1

An anchoring method for an enlarged head bolt, comprising the following steps: setting an isolator outside the anchoring body; setting a limiter outside the isolator to limit the size of each part of the isolator; drilling a hole at the anchoring position, and placing the anchor The main body is inserted into the borehole; an appropriate amount of slurry is injected into the borehole and the isolator respectively, so that the slurry fills the inside of the borehole; in the filling state, the cross-sectional area of the slurry in the isolator is restricted by the stopper The direction of the drilling hole gradually decreases; the grouting is cured and solidified.

Example 2

Repeat Example 1, except that the isolator 201 is an elastic soft bag, the stopper 202 is arranged on the isolator 201, the stopper 202 is a soft material, and the stopper 202 The elasticity of the isolator is less than that of the isolator.

Example 3

Repeat Example 2, except that the limiter 202 includes a plurality of circular ring structures; wherein, a plurality of the circular rings are stacked and arranged on the isolator 201, and the diameters of the multiple circular rings are toward the bore hole The direction diameter gradually decreases.

Example 4

Repeat Example 2, except that the isolator 201 is an elastic soft bag, the stopper is arranged on the outside of the isolator 201, the stopper 202 is a soft chain or a rope, and the stopper 202 is a soft chain or a rope. The limiter 202 is inelastic, and the limiter 202 is fixed on the isolator 201 by one of bonding, binding, and a rope.

Example 5

Repeat Example 1, except that the isolator 201 is a soft bag, the stopper 202 is a hollow frame, the anchor rod 2 is located in the stopper 202, and the middle part of the stopper 202 can be The rotation is fixed on both sides of the anchoring section of the anchor rod 2, and is used to rotate the limiter 202 close to the axial direction of the anchor rod 2. The limiter 202 includes several frames with different lengths, and the frame consists of a bottom The length increases successively upwards, and the width of each frame is consistent. The length of the stopper 202 is smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the borehole 1 and greater than the diameter of the hole 1. The width of the stopper 202 is smaller than that of the borehole 1. The diameter of the mouth.

Example 6

Repeat Example 1, except that the isolator 201 is a soft bag, and the stopper 202 is arranged on the outside of the isolator 201, and the stopper 202 includes: a push ring 2021 slidingly sleeved on the anchor body The diagonal strut 2022 hinged with the push ring 2021, one end of the diagonal strut 2022 is connected with the push ring 2021; the horizontal strut 2023 is hinged with the end of the diagonal strut 2022 away from the push ring 2021, so The end of the horizontal strut 2023 away from the diagonal strut 2022 is hinged at the bottom of the anchor body; the fixer 2024 provided on the anchor body is used to limit the position of the push ring 2021 after being pushed toward the anchor section of the anchor body.

Example 7

Repeat Example 6, except that the diagonal struts 2022 are provided with several pieces, the angle of the hinged rotation of the diagonal struts 2022 and the push ring 2021 is 0-60°, and the bottom of the anchor body is provided with connecting ears, and the connection The ears are used to hinge the horizontal strut 2023, and the horizontal strut 2023 is turned from a vertical state to a horizontal state with the bottom of the anchoring section of the anchor body as a fulcrum, and the fixer 2024 is arranged to push the ring when the horizontal strut 2023 is in a horizontal state. Above where 2021 is located. .

Example 8

Repeat embodiment 1, but when injecting an appropriate amount of slurry into the borehole and the isolator, inject 0.3 times of the borehole volume slurry into the borehole earlier, and then fill the isolator with the slurry, when the slurry in the borehole When the body is not filled, add grout to the borehole.

Example 9

Repeat Example 8, except that when injecting an appropriate amount of slurry into the borehole and the isolator, first inject 0.7 times the drillhole volume slurry into the borehole, and then fill the isolator with slurry.

Example 10

Repeat embodiment 8, but when injecting an appropriate amount of slurry into the borehole and the isolator, inject the slurry of 0.5 times the borehole volume into the borehole earlier, then fill the slurry in the isolator, when the borehole When the grout is not full, add grout to the borehole.

Example 11

Repeat Example 1, except that an expansion agent is added in the slurry, and the separator is a degradable material; There are bacterial fluids that can react with concrete.

Example 12

Repeat Example 11, but the expansion agent is anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate, and the addition is 0.1% of the concrete quality

Example 13

Repeat Example 11, but the expansion agent is anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate, and the addition is 11% of the concrete quality

Example 14

Repeat Example 11, except that the expansion agent is a mixture of anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate, alunite, and gypsum, and the addition amount is 3% of the concrete mass.

Example 15

Repeat Example 11, except that the expansion agent is a mixture of anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate, alunite, and gypsum, and the addition amount is 6% of the concrete mass.

Example 16

Repeat Example 11, except that the bacterial species in the bacterial liquid is Bacillus pasteurianus.

Example 17

Repeat Example 11, except that the bacterial species in the bacterial liquid is Bacillus sphaericus.

Example 18

Repeat Example 11, except that the bacterial species in the bacterial liquid is Candida.

Example 19

Repeat Example 20, except that the bacterial species in the bacterial liquid is Bacillus alkalophilus.

Example 20

Repeat Example 11, except that the bubble capsules include bacteria liquid bubble capsules and degradation liquid bubble capsules. , the inside of the degradation liquid air capsule is coated with an isolation coating, and the bacterial liquid air capsule is filled with a bacterial liquid that can react with concrete.

Example 21

Repeat Example 20, except that the anchoring method also includes the following steps: adding an appropriate amount of expansion agent to the concrete during grouting, and when the concrete is solidified, expansion occurs to squeeze the air pockets in the isolator, releasing the bacteria liquid and degradation liquid, wherein the degradation liquid The degradation is accelerated after contact with the isolator material, and the bacteria solution reacts to repair the gap after contact with the concrete.

Example 22

Utilize the anchoring structure prepared in Example 1, comprising: a borehole; an anchor rod arranged in the borehole; concrete filling the borehole; an isolator 201 is arranged on the anchoring section of the anchoring main body, and the anchoring section of the anchoring main body There is a limiter 202 on it, which is used to limit the shape of the isolator 201 after being injected into the concrete 3. After the isolator 201 is injected into the concrete 3, a conical structure is formed. The cross section of the conical structure extends from the bottom of the borehole 1 to the 1 direction gradually decreases.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. An enlarged head anchor rod anchoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

arranging an isolator outside the anchoring main body;

arranging a limiter outside the isolator for limiting the size of each part of the isolator;

drilling a hole in the anchoring position, inserting the anchoring body into the drilled hole;

injecting a proper amount of slurry into the drill hole and the isolator respectively to fill the interior of the drill hole with the slurry;

in a filling state, the cross-sectional area of slurry in the isolator is gradually reduced towards the direction of a drilling hole by the limitation of the stopper;

and curing, curing and molding the grouting.

2. The method for anchoring an enlarged head anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the isolator (201) is a flexible bag body with elasticity, the stopper (202) is disposed on the isolator (201), the stopper (202) is made of a flexible material, and the elasticity of the stopper (202) is less than that of the isolator.

3. An enlarged head anchor method according to claim 2, wherein the stopper (202) comprises a plurality of ring structures; wherein the plurality of rings are stacked and arranged on the isolator (201), and the diameter of the plurality of rings is gradually reduced towards the direction of the drilling hole.

4. The enlarged head anchor rod anchoring method according to claim 1, wherein the isolator (201) is a soft bag body, the stopper (202) is disposed outside the isolator (201),

the stopper (202) includes: a push ring (2021) slidably sleeved on the anchoring main body;

a diagonal bar (2022) hinged to the push ring (2021), wherein one end of the diagonal bar (2022) is connected to the push ring (2021);

a horizontal strut (2023) is hinged with one end of the inclined strut (2022) far away from the push ring (2021), and one end of the horizontal strut (2023) far away from the inclined strut (2022) is hinged at the bottom of the anchor main body;

a retainer (2024) provided on the anchor body for limiting a position of the push ring (2021) after being pushed toward the anchoring section of the anchor body.

5. The method for anchoring an enlarged head anchor rod as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inclined strut (2022) is provided with a plurality of strips, the angle of the rotation of the inclined strut (2022) in hinge joint with the push ring (2021) is 0-60 °, the bottom of the anchor body is provided with a connecting ear for hinge joint with the horizontal strut (2023), the horizontal strut (2023) is turned from the vertical state to the horizontal state by taking the bottom of the anchoring section of the anchor body as a fulcrum, and the fixer (2024) is arranged above the position of the push ring (2021) when the horizontal strut (2023) is in the horizontal state.

6. The method for anchoring an enlarged head anchor rod according to claim 4, wherein the fixer (2024) is a bolt, the anchoring body is provided with a through hole, the bolt is matched with the through hole, and the through hole is arranged at a position corresponding to the lowest position of the push ring (2021).

7. The method for anchoring an enlarged head anchor rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein when a proper amount of slurry is injected into the borehole and the isolator, 0.3-0.7 times of the volume of the borehole is injected into the borehole first, then the isolator is filled with the slurry, and when the borehole is not filled with the slurry, then the borehole is filled with additional slurry.

8. The method for anchoring the enlarged head anchor rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the isolator (201) is provided with raised points, the raised points are evenly distributed at the bottom of the isolator (201), and after the isolator (201) is grouted, protrusions (2011) protruding towards the bottom of the drill hole (1) are formed at the raised points.

9. The method for anchoring an enlarged head anchor rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein an expanding agent is added into the slurry, and the isolator is made of degradable material;

the isolator further comprises: the air bubble bag is arranged on the isolator, and a bacterial liquid capable of reacting with concrete and a degradation liquid capable of degrading the isolator are respectively injected into the air bubble bag.

10. An anchoring structure prepared by the method of claims 1-9, comprising a borehole (1);

an anchoring body arranged in the borehole (1);

concrete (3) filling the bore (1);

the method is characterized in that: be equipped with isolator (201) on the anchor section of anchor main part, be equipped with stopper (202) on the anchor section of anchor main part for the shape after restriction isolator (201) pours into concrete (3), constitute circular cone structure behind isolator (201) pouring into concrete (3), the cross section of circular cone structure is reduced to drilling (1) mouthful direction by drilling (1) bottom gradually.

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