CN115276459A - A triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy harvesting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collecting device which comprises a chassis, a fixed disc and a wind cup, wherein the chassis is provided with a plurality of grooves; a connecting shaft is rotatably arranged in the center of the chassis, the connecting shaft is rotatably connected with the fixed disc, and the chassis is fixedly connected with the fixed disc; the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a rotary table which is arranged between the chassis and the fixed disc; the connecting shaft extends out of the fixed disc and is connected and fixed with the wind cup; the chassis and the turntable are respectively provided with a friction stator and a friction rotor; the friction rotor is in sliding contact with the friction stator; the rotary disc and the fixed disc are respectively provided with a driving magnet and an induction coil; the fixed disc is provided with a piezoelectric cantilever power generation unit; the wind cup drives the turntable to rotate so as to control the friction rotor, the driving magnet and the piezoelectric cantilever power generation unit to generate power; through ingenious setting, integrate friction nanometer power generation technique, electromagnetic induction power generation technique and piezoelectricity nanometer power generation technique, make the device also can have better response at low wind speed, and then make full use of the wind energy of smallness greatly, improve the collection efficiency of wind energy.

Description

A triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of wind energy generating equipment, in particular to a triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device.

Background technique

The current energy crisis is threatening the survival of human beings and the development of society. Petroleum energy is non-renewable and pollutes the environment. The development of new renewable and environmentally friendly energy is the current trend. Wind energy is a widely distributed, clean and renewable ideal energy source.

At present, wind power generation technology is relatively mature, but due to the low density and instability of wind energy, its effective utilization is limited. In addition, the current wind power generator is mainly based on the electromagnetic generator, and its working principle is the law of electromagnetic induction, so its output performance depends on the rate of change of magnetic flux, or the speed at which the wire cuts the magnetic induction line. Therefore, it responds well to high frequency or high wind speed, and there are few technologies that respond well to low wind speed to high wind speed.

Triboelectric nanogenerators can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy by using the phenomenon of contact electrification and electrostatic induction effect, showing unique advantages in wind energy harvesting.

Piezoelectric nanogenerator is a power generation technology that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through the deformation of piezoelectric materials. It has the characteristics of small size and high energy density, but it is rarely used in wind energy harvesting.

In recent years, research on triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid generators that utilize the high voltage of triboelectric nanogenerators and the high current of electromagnetic generators to complement each other has been extensively studied, and energy harvesting devices that combine the three energy forms of triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric Few have been proposed yet.

For this reason, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can effectively improve the efficiency of wind energy collection.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device to further improve the wind energy collection efficiency of the existing wind energy collection device.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device, which includes a chassis, a fixed plate and a wind cup; The fixed plate is rotationally connected, and the chassis and the fixed plate are connected and fixed; the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a turntable, and the turntable is installed between the chassis and the fixed plate; the connecting shaft extends out of the The fixed disk is connected and fixed with the wind cup; the chassis and the rotating disk are respectively equipped with a friction stator and a friction rotor; the friction rotor is in sliding contact with the friction stator; the rotating disk and the fixed disk are respectively installed with a driving magnet and an induction coil; a piezoelectric cantilever generating unit is installed on the fixed plate; the wind cup drives the turntable to rotate to control the friction rotor, the driving magnet and the piezoelectric cantilever generating unit to generate electricity.

In one of the embodiments, a shaft sleeve is installed on the axis of the fixed disk; the shaft sleeve is connected and fixed to the central shaft hole of the fixed disk, and the fixed disk; the shaft sleeve is provided with a flange, and the flange is connected and fixed to the piezoelectric cantilever power generation unit; the distance between the piezoelectric cantilever power generation unit and the fixed disk is 5-20mm.

In one of the embodiments, the piezoelectric cantilever generating unit includes a piezoelectric sheet, a cantilever beam and a counterweight magnet; the cantilever beam is connected and fixed to the flange, and the cantilever beam extends to the edge of the fixed plate The piezoelectric sheet is installed on the cantilever beam, and the piezoelectric sheet is arranged adjacent to the flange; the counterweight magnet is installed on the side of the cantilever beam facing the fixed plate, and the counterweight The magnet is arranged above the rotation path of the driving magnet; the driving magnet and the counterweight magnet repel each other; the driving magnet is used to drive the cantilever beam to vibrate and deform.

In one embodiment, the induction coil is installed on a side of the fixed disk facing the turntable; the induction coil is arranged on a rotation path of the driving magnet.

In one of the embodiments, the material of the cantilever beam is elastic material.

In one embodiment, the piezoelectric sheet is lead zirconate titanate, potassium sodium niobate, bismuth sodium titanate or barium titanate.

In one of the embodiments, the friction stator is flatly laid on the surface of the chassis facing the turntable; the friction rotor is in the shape of a sheet; the friction rotor is in elastic contact with the friction stator sliding contact.

In one embodiment, the turntable is provided with a plurality of fixing slots, and a plurality of the friction rotors are respectively embedded in the plurality of fixing slots; the friction stator includes a first stator electrode and a second stator electrode; A plurality of the first stator electrodes and a plurality of the second stator electrodes are alternately arranged along the circumference of the chassis, and the distance between the first stator electrodes and the second stator electrodes is 0.5-2mm; The first stator electrodes are electrically connected to form a stator group, and a plurality of the second stator electrodes are electrically connected to form a second stator group.

In one embodiment, the friction stator is nylon or copper; the friction rotor is polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate or polyimide.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

Therefore, in application, through the friction rotor and the friction stator, triboelectric power generation can be realized; through the induction coil, the driving magnet and the counterweight magnet, electromagnetic induction power generation can be realized; through, the Drive the magnet and the piezoelectric cantilever power generation unit to realize piezoelectric power generation; integrate three power generation methods to make full use of the driving force of wind energy for power generation; especially, the piezoelectric cantilever power generation unit uses the cantilever beam structure Realized, in the electromagnetic induction power generation, the low-frequency vibration of the counterweight magnet is converted into high-frequency vibration, so that the response of the electromagnetic power generation at low wind speed is better.

In addition, it also lays a solid foundation for the integration of other technologies for triboelectric nanogenerators and the realization of multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerators.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the implementation will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some implementations of the present invention. As far as the skilled person is concerned, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative work.

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the plan view of chassis of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the mechanical schematic diagram of piezoelectric sheet and cantilever beam of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the voltage output diagram of the piezoelectric power generation of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the current output diagram of the piezoelectric power generation of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the voltage output diagram of the electromagnetic power generation of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the electric current output figure of electromagnetic power generation of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the voltage output diagram of the triboelectric power generation of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the current output diagram of the triboelectric power generation of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a circuit connection diagram of the present invention.

The reference signs are as follows:

1. Chassis; 11. Friction stator; 111. First stator electrode; 112. One set of stator; 113. Second stator electrode; 114. Second set of stator;

2. Turntable; 21. Friction rotor; 22. Driving magnet; 23. Fixed slot;

3. Fixed plate; 31. Induction coil; 32. Piezoelectric cantilever generating unit; 321. Piezoelectric sheet; 322. Cantilever beam; 323. Counterweight magnet; 33. Shaft sleeve; 331. Flange;

4. Coupling;

5. Wind cup.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

An embodiment of a triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy harvesting device is shown in Figures 1 to 3, including a chassis 1, a fixed plate 3 and a wind cup 5; Disk 3 is rotatably connected, chassis 1 and fixed disk 3 are connected and fixed; connecting shaft 4 is fixedly connected with turntable 2, and turntable 2 is installed between chassis 1 and fixed disk 3; connecting shaft 4 extends out of fixed disk 3 and connects with wind cup 5 fixed; the chassis 1 and the turntable 2 are respectively equipped with a friction stator 11 and a friction rotor 21; the friction rotor 21 is in sliding contact with the friction stator 11; A piezoelectric cantilever generating unit 32 is installed; the wind cup 5 drives the turntable 2 to rotate to control the friction rotor 21, the drive magnet 22 and the piezoelectric cantilever generating unit 32 to generate electricity.

It should be noted that the chassis 1 and the fixed plate 3 are connected and fixed through the shell of the triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device.

Regarding the structure of the above-mentioned wind cup 5, the wind cup 5 has three hemispheres connected at 120° to each other, and the center of the wind cup 5 is connected and fixed with the connecting shaft 4; is clockwise.

During application, the wind cup 5 has a diameter of 60 mm, a rotation diameter of 300 mm, and the connecting shaft 4 has a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 150 mm.

Regarding the installation structure of the above-mentioned piezoelectric cantilever generating unit 32, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 in this embodiment, a shaft sleeve 33 is installed on the axis of the fixed disk 3; A fixed disk 3 is arranged between the sleeve 33 and the turntable 2; a flange 331 is provided on the sleeve 33, and the flange 331 is connected and fixed to the piezoelectric cantilever power generation unit 32; the distance between the piezoelectric cantilever power generation unit 32 and the fixed disk 3 is 5 -20mm.

Further, in order to make the wind energy collection device have piezoelectric power generation function, this embodiment is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the piezoelectric cantilever power generation unit 32 includes a piezoelectric sheet 321, a cantilever beam 322 and a counterweight magnet 323; the cantilever beam 322 Connected and fixed with the flange 331, the cantilever beam 322 extends to the edge of the fixed plate 3; the piezoelectric sheet 321 is installed on the cantilever beam 322, and the piezoelectric sheet 321 is arranged adjacent to the flange 331; the counterweight magnet 323 is installed on the cantilever beam 322 toward the fixed On one side of the disc 3 , the counterweight magnet 323 is arranged above the rotation path of the drive magnet 22 ; the drive magnet 22 and the counterweight magnet 323 repel each other; the drive magnet 22 is used to drive the cantilever beam 322 to vibrate and deform.

Piezoelectric nano-power generation principle: Based on the piezoelectric effect of crystals, when a center-asymmetric crystal is deformed by an external force, the center of positive and negative charges is separated, forming charges of opposite sign on the surface, and generating current in the external circuit due to the potential difference.

When applying, the mechanical schematic diagram of piezoelectric sheet 321 and cantilever beam 322 is as shown in Figure 4; One end of cantilever beam 322 is fixed, and the other end (tip) vibrates freely, only needs to apply a force (along vertical to cantilever beam 322) at the tip direction), the tip can maintain long-term high-frequency vibration.

As shown in Figure 1, the piezoelectric sheet 321 is closely attached to the cantilever beam 322 in a large-area bonding manner, thereby realizing that the piezoelectric sheet 321 deforms following the deformation of the cantilever beam 322, and the deformed piezoelectric sheet 321 can produce piezoelectric current. The piezoelectric sheet 321 has a length of 40 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a thickness of 0.2 mm, and is made of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics.

In order to improve the efficiency of piezoelectric power generation, as shown in FIG. 1 , three piezoelectric cantilever power generation units 32 are provided along the circumferential direction of the flange.

Further, the material of the cantilever beam 322 is elastic material.

In application, the material used for the cantilever beam 322 may be elastic materials such as copper sheets, steel sheets, and elastic plastic sheets.

Specifically, in this solution, the material of the cantilever beam 322 is beryllium bronze with good elasticity and toughness. The preferred length of the cantilever beam 322 is 80 mm, and the optional range is 60 mm to 90 mm. If the length is too short, the swing duration will be small; if the length is too long, the swing frequency will be low.

Further, the piezoelectric sheet 321 is lead zirconate titanate, potassium sodium niobate, bismuth sodium titanate or barium titanate.

In application, lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics (lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics) is a binary piezoelectric ceramic with a chemical formula of Pb(Zr _11x Ti _x )O ₃ , which belongs to a perovskite structure.

Potassium-sodium niobate piezoelectric ceramics, potassium-sodium niobate ceramics (potassium-sodium niobate Ceramics) chemical formula is K _0.5 Na _0.5 NbO ₃ , lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with ABO ₃ perovskite structure.

Sodium bismuth titanate piezoelectric ceramics, bismuth sodium titanate (abbreviated as BNT) is an A-site compound ion perovskite ferroelectric, which is applied to lead-free piezoelectric ceramic materials.

Barium titanate piezoelectric ceramics. Barium titanate is an inorganic substance with the chemical formula BaTiO ₃ . It is a ferroelectric compound material with high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss. It is the most widely used material in electronic ceramics. One of them, known as the pillar of the electronic ceramics industry, is also used in lead-free piezoelectric ceramics.

Further, in order to make the wind energy harvesting device have the electromagnetic power generation function, this embodiment is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the induction coil 31 is installed on the side of the fixed disk 3 facing the rotating disk 2; the induction coil 31 is arranged on the rotation of the drive magnet 22 on the path.

In order to improve the efficiency of electromagnetic power generation and piezoelectric power generation, as shown in FIG. 2 , three driving magnets 22 and three induction coils 31 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating disk 2 and the fixed disk 3 respectively.

During application, the number of turns of the induction coil 31 is 2000 turns, and the diameter of the winding copper wire is 0.08mm. The driving magnet 22 and the counterweight magnet 323 above are made of magnetic materials such as neodymium iron boron magnets, samarium cobalt magnets, alnico magnets, and ferrite permanent magnets.

It should be noted that the driving magnet 22, the induction coil 31 and the counterweight magnet 323 are all on the same path track;

On the basis that the drive magnet 22 and the counterweight magnet 323 repel each other, because the cantilever beam 322 is an elastic element, when the drive magnet 22 rotates with the turntable 2, in the vertical direction as shown in Figure 1, the drive magnet 22 and When the counterweight magnets 323 meet to overlap, the counterweight magnets 323 will drive the cantilever beam 322 to jump upward; when the driving magnet 22 and the counterweight magnet 323 overlap to separate from each other, the repulsive force of the magnets weakens to disappear, and the deformation of the cantilever beam 322 recovers, thereby Bouncing downward; the elastic deformation of the cantilever beam 322 shows up and down bouncing as vibration; the vibration of the cantilever beam 322 drives the piezoelectric sheet 321 to deform at the same frequency, thereby realizing piezoelectric power generation.

The principle of electromagnetic power generation: based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, changing magnetic fields generate changing currents; during the vibration of the cantilever beam 322, the counterweight magnet 323 approaches and moves away from the induction coil 31, resulting in a change in the magnetic flux in the induction coil 31, thus in the induction coil 31 changing alternating current signal.

Further, in order to realize the function of triboelectric power generation, this embodiment is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the friction stator 11 is spread on the surface of the chassis 1 facing the turntable 2; the shape of the friction rotor 21 is a sheet; the friction rotor 21 is flexible The abutting mode is in sliding contact with the friction stator 11 .

In application, the distance between the friction stator 11 and the turntable 2 is 10-30 mm, and this distance is limited to avoid poor contact between the friction rotor 21 and the friction stator 11 .

Regarding the specific arrangement and structure of the above-mentioned friction stator 11 and friction rotor 21, this embodiment is shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a plurality of fixing grooves 23 are provided on the turntable 2, and a plurality of friction rotors 21 are respectively embedded in a plurality of fixing grooves 23 The friction stator 11 includes a first stator electrode 111 and a second stator electrode 113; a plurality of first stator electrodes 111 and a plurality of second stator electrodes 113 are arranged alternately along the circumference of the chassis 1, and the first stator electrodes 111 and the second stator electrodes 113 are arranged alternately along the circumference of the chassis 1 The distance between the two stator electrodes 113 is 0.5-2 mm; multiple first stator electrodes 111 are electrically connected to form a stator group 112 , and multiple second stator electrodes 113 are electrically connected to form a second stator group 114 .

In the application, the friction stator 11: the first stator electrode 111 and the second stator electrode 113 are made of copper electrodes, the first stator electrode 111 and the second stator electrode 113 are respectively three sector electrodes with equal central angles, and the stator One set 112 and stator two set 114 form complementary poles. The gap between the electrodes (the gap between two adjacent fan-shaped electrodes) is 1mm. Because copper has good electronpositivity (easily volatile electrons), it is used as both an electrode and a friction layer.

Friction rotor 21: the material used is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), the thickness is 50 μm, and the shape is a fan-shaped film; when the turntable 2 rotates, the friction rotor 21 is driven to slide over the friction stator 11 for friction.

Further, the materials used for the friction stator 11 and the friction rotor 21, the friction stator 11 is nylon or copper; the friction rotor 21 is polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate or polyamide imine.

It should be noted that the friction stator 11 needs to use volatile electronic materials such as nylon or copper; the friction rotor 21 needs to use polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate or polyimide, etc. Easy to get electronic materials.

Triboelectricity, the principle of electricity generation: friction rotor 21, that is, PTFE film has good electronegativity, easy to get electrons, and has negative charge; while copper has good electronegativity, easy to lose electrons, and has positive charge; when PTFE film When rubbing against copper, the positive charges of the PTFE layer are transferred to the copper surface, and as the PTFE moves on the two electrodes, due to the electrostatic induction phenomenon, the positive charges on the copper are driven to move on the two electrodes, forming an alternating current signal.

The circuit connection mode of the piezoelectric sheet 321, the induction coil 31, the friction stator 11 and the friction rotor 21: as shown in Figure 11, it is a circuit connection diagram of the hybrid wind energy harvesting device, the friction generator is rectified first, and the three electromagnetic generators are connected to each other. The three piezoelectric generators are first connected in series and then rectified. After rectification, they are connected in parallel with each other to store electric energy in capacitors or batteries for use by electrical appliances.

After experimental verification, the output of the triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy harvesting device measured at 60rpm is shown in Figures 5 to 10.

5 and 6, the piezoelectric generator: the piezoelectric sheet 321 deforms with the vibration of the cantilever beam 322 to generate electric energy. The open circuit voltage is 11.3V, and the short circuit current is 44μA.

Figure 7 and Figure 8, Electromagnetic Generator: The magnet approaches and moves away from the coil, and the magnetic flux changes in the coil to generate electric energy. The open circuit voltage is 3V, and the short circuit current is 4.7mA.

Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, triboelectric generator: rotating disk 2 drives electronegative friction rotor 21 (PTFE film), slides over friction stator 11 (electropositive copper); Transfer between the two stator groups 114 (copper electrodes) to generate electric energy. The open circuit voltage is 320V, and the short circuit current is 4.5μA.

The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also considered Be the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device, characterized in that, Including chassis, fixed plate and wind cup; The center of the chassis is rotatably equipped with a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, and the chassis and the fixed plate are connected and fixed; A turntable is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft, and the turntable is installed between the chassis and the fixed disk; The connecting shaft protrudes from the fixed plate and is connected and fixed with the wind cup; The chassis and the turntable are respectively equipped with a friction stator and a friction rotor; the friction rotor is in sliding contact with the friction stator; The turntable and the fixed disk are respectively equipped with driving magnets and induction coils; A piezoelectric cantilever generating unit is installed on the fixed plate; The wind cup drives the turntable to rotate to control the friction rotor, the driving magnet and the piezoelectric cantilever generating unit to generate electricity. 2. The triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A shaft sleeve is installed on the axis of the fixed disk; The bushing is connected and fixed to the central shaft hole of the fixed disk, and the fixed disk is arranged between the bushing and the turntable; The bushing is provided with a flange, and the flange is connected and fixed with the piezoelectric cantilever generating unit; The distance between the piezoelectric cantilever generating unit and the fixed plate is 5-20mm. 3. The triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piezoelectric cantilever generating unit includes a piezoelectric sheet, a cantilever beam and a counterweight magnet; The cantilever beam is connected and fixed to the flange, and the cantilever beam extends to the edge of the fixed plate; The piezoelectric sheet is installed on the cantilever beam, and the piezoelectric sheet is arranged adjacent to the flange; The counterweight magnet is installed on the side of the cantilever beam facing the fixed plate, and the counterweight magnet is arranged above the rotation path of the driving magnet; The driving magnet and the counterweight magnet repel each other; the driving magnet is used to drive the cantilever beam to vibrate and deform. 4. The triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The induction coil is installed on the side of the fixed disk facing the turntable; the induction coil is arranged on the rotation path of the driving magnet. 5. The triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The material of the cantilever beam is elastic material. 6. The triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The piezoelectric sheet is lead zirconate titanate, potassium sodium niobate, bismuth sodium titanate or barium titanate. 7. The triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction stator is laid flat on the surface of the chassis facing the turntable; The shape of the friction rotor is sheet; The friction rotor is in sliding contact with the friction stator in an elastic contact manner. 8. The triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The turntable is provided with a plurality of fixing grooves, and a plurality of the friction rotors are respectively embedded in the plurality of fixing grooves; The friction stator includes a first stator pole and a second stator pole; A plurality of the first stator electrodes and a plurality of the second stator electrodes are alternately arranged along the circumference of the chassis, and the distance between the first stator electrodes and the second stator electrodes is 0.5-2mm; A plurality of the first stator electrodes are electrically connected to form a stator group, and a plurality of the second stator electrodes are electrically connected to form a second stator group. 9. The triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric hybrid wind energy collection device according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that, The friction stator is nylon or copper; The friction rotor is polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate or polyimide.

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