CN110784120A - Rotary nano generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a rotary nano-generator, which relates to the technical field of power generation, and mainly solves the technical problems of large rotational resistance and low power generation efficiency of the nano-generator; The stator on the outer circumference of the rotor; the stator includes a plurality of first friction electrodes uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; the rotor includes a second friction electrode; wherein, the second friction electrode is a flexible electrode and is connected with the first friction electrode The friction electrodes are in elastic contact. The rotary nanogenerator of the embodiment of the present invention has a low resistance coefficient, so that weak rotational energy can be collected and converted into electric energy efficiently. Adaptability at RPM.

Description

Rotary Nanogenerator

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a rotary nanogenerator.

Background technique

With the rapid development of microelectronics and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, more and more miniature sensors, actuators and MEMS devices are widely used in wireless sensor networks, Internet of Things, wearable electronic devices and other fields; this Although similar devices consume less energy, they have higher requirements on the volume, cost and life of functional components.

Traditional power supply components (battery and wired power supply) have been unable to meet the above requirements, so a new power supply method must be found. Mechanical energy (such as vibration energy and rotational energy) is ubiquitous in various natural environments. Therefore, energy harvesting devices that can collect mechanical energy in the natural environment and convert it into electrical energy are gradually attracting extensive attention from academia and industry.

In the prior art, the nanogenerator technology that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by means of triboelectric electrification and electrostatic induction has been rapidly developed. Due to its advantages of simple production, light weight, high output voltage, and high energy conversion efficiency, it has become a An important way of mechanical energy harvesting and power generation.

At present, the triboelectric nano-power generation device using rotational energy generally includes two rigid friction layers. The two rigid friction layers use rigid contact and relative sliding to generate electricity. On the one hand, this rigid contact will continuously increase the material's The degree of wear and tear leads to lower and lower energy conversion efficiency of the device (power generation device); on the other hand, this rigid contact causes a large friction force between the two friction layers, so the weak rotational energy in the environment cannot be collected. , thereby greatly reducing the scope of application and practicability of the power generation device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a rotary nano-generator with low resistance coefficient and wide application range.

A rotary nano-generator, comprising a rotor and a stator sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotor;

The stator includes a plurality of first friction electrodes uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction;

the rotor includes a second friction electrode;

Wherein, the second friction electrode is a flexible electrode and is in elastic contact with the first friction electrode.

As an example, the stator includes an even number of the first friction electrodes;

Wherein, a plurality of the first friction electrodes arranged at intervals are connected in series.

As an example, the first friction electrode is configured as a sheet-like structure, and the material of the first friction electrode is aluminum or copper.

As an example, the rotor includes a plurality of the second friction electrodes;

Wherein, the number of the second friction electrodes is half of the number of the first friction electrodes.

As an example, the second friction electrode is configured as a sheet-like structure, and the material of the second friction electrode is a high molecular polymer.

As an example, the stator further includes a plurality of permanent magnets uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction;

The rotor further includes a plurality of magnetic induction electrodes uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction;

Wherein, the permanent magnet and the induction electrode generate magnetoelectric induction so that the magnetic induction electrode generates a voltage.

As an example, the stator includes an even number of the permanent magnets;

Wherein, the magnetic poles of a plurality of the permanent magnets are arranged toward the center of the stator, and the polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets toward the center of the stator are opposite.

As an example, the rotor includes an even number of the magnetic induction electrodes;

Wherein, the number of the magnetic induction electrodes is the same as the number of the permanent magnets.

As an example, the magnetic induction electrodes are configured as magnetic induction coils.

As an example, the stator further includes a casing, the casing is configured in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of the first friction electrodes and a plurality of the permanent magnets are arranged on the inner wall of the casing;

The rotor further includes a central shaft and a bracket sleeved on the central shaft, and the second friction electrode and a plurality of the magnetic induction electrodes are all arranged on the bracket.

The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:

The rotary nanogenerator of the embodiment of the present invention has a low resistance coefficient, so that weak rotational energy can be collected and converted into electrical energy efficiently. Adaptability at RPM.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a rotary nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a rotary nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a stator of a rotary nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a rotor of a rotary nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a support of a rotary nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a test data diagram of the relationship between the rotational speed of the rotary nanogenerator and the electric energy output according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is another test data diagram of the relationship between the rotational speed and the electrical energy output of the rotary nanogenerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Reference number:

1-rotor; 11-second friction electrode; 12-magnetic induction electrode; 13-central shaft; 14-support; 141-support plate; 142-spoke; 2-stator; 21-first friction electrode; 22-permanent magnet; 23-shell; 3-end cover; 4-bearing.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 , a rotary nanogenerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotor 1 and a stator 2 sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotor 1 ; the stator 2 includes a plurality of first uniformly arranged circumferentially. The friction electrode 21 ; the rotor 1 includes a second friction electrode 14 ; wherein, the second friction electrode 14 is a flexible electrode and is in elastic contact with the first friction electrode 21 .

Specifically, the power generation principle of the rotary nanogenerator is realized based on the coupling effect of the triboelectric effect and the electrostatic induction effect of the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14; under the action of external force, the rotor 1 is opposite to the stator 2 During rotation, the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14 rub against each other, and a potential difference is generated between the two adjacent first friction electrodes 21 . In the embodiment of the present invention, since the flexible second friction electrode 14 is used, and the second friction electrode 14 is in flexible contact with the first friction electrode 21 , when a small external force drives the rotor 1 to rotate at a low speed, the first friction electrode 21 and the first friction electrode 21 are in contact with each other. The frictional resistance between the second friction electrodes 14 is small, so that the rotary nanogenerator can collect small external force (mechanical energy) and convert it into electrical energy. When the external force is large, the rotational speed of the rotor 1 increases. Under the action of centrifugal force, the second friction electrode 14 will elastically deform and tend to be in close contact with the first friction electrode 21, so that the second friction electrode 14 and the first friction electrode 14 will be in close contact with the first friction electrode 14. The contact area between the friction electrodes 21 is correspondingly increased, thereby increasing the energy conversion efficiency. Therefore, the rotary nanogenerator according to the embodiment of the present invention has a low resistance coefficient, can simultaneously collect and convert weak energy and high energy, and has wider applicability.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the stator 2 includes an even number of first friction electrodes 21 ; wherein a plurality of first friction electrodes 21 arranged at intervals are connected in series. The rotor 1 includes a plurality of second friction electrodes 14 ; wherein the number of the second friction electrodes 14 is half of the number of the first friction electrodes 21 .

Specifically, the rotary nanogenerator shown in this embodiment has eight sheet-shaped first friction electrodes 21 and four sheet-shaped second friction electrodes 14 . The first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14 are both rectangular sheet-like structures; the second friction electrode 14 is in elastic contact with the first friction electrode 21 and generates a certain elastic deformation to form a rectangular sheet with a certain arc like structure. Further, in practical application, the first friction electrode 21 can be set to a rectangular sheet with a length of 4 cm and a width of 1.5 cm; the second friction electrode 14 can be set to a length of 4.5 cm, a width of 4 cm, and a thickness of 25.4 μm. of rectangular slices. Of course, the present invention does not specifically limit the specific size and shape of the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14, and those skilled in the art can make the specific shape and size of the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14 according to actual needs. Adaptive adjustment.

Further, the material of the first friction electrode 21 may be aluminum or copper, and the material of the second friction electrode 14 may be a polymer; specifically, the material of the second friction electrode 14 (the polymer) may be fluorinated Ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Of course, the present invention does not specifically limit the specific materials of the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14, and those skilled in the art can adapt the specific materials of the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14 according to actual needs.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , in order to further improve the power generation efficiency of the rotary nanogenerator, in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the stator 2 further includes a plurality of permanent magnets 22 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; the rotor 1 also It includes a plurality of magnetic induction electrodes 12 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; wherein, the permanent magnets 22 and the induction electrodes generate magnetoelectric induction so that the magnetic induction electrodes 12 generate voltage (current).

Specifically, when the rotor 1 rotates relative to the stator 2, the magnetic induction electrode 12 cuts the magnetic induction lines of the permanent magnet 22, so that a (voltage) current is generated in the magnetic induction electrode 12; considering that the electromagnetic generator is more suitable for generating electric energy at high speed, Therefore, adding the permanent magnet 22 and the magnetic induction electrode 12 to the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14 can further improve the application range of the rotary nanogenerator and the power generation efficiency in a wide range.

Further, the stator 2 includes an even number of permanent magnets 22 ; wherein the magnetic poles of the plurality of permanent magnets 22 are arranged toward the center of the stator 2 , and the polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets 22 toward the center of the stator 2 are opposite. The rotor 1 includes an even number of magnetic induction electrodes 12 ; wherein the number of the magnetic induction electrodes 12 is the same as that of the permanent magnets 22 .

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the rotary nanogenerator shown in this embodiment has four tile-shaped permanent magnets 22 and four magnetic induction electrodes 12 . Among them, the magnetic induction electrode 12 is wound by coils. Further, in practical application, the size of the permanent magnets 22 can be set to a height of 4 cm, a wall thickness of 5 mm, and an opening angle to the axis of about 80°, wherein the N poles of the two opposite permanent magnets 22 point to the axis. while the S poles of the other two opposite permanent magnets 22 point to the axis; the coil is wound with an enameled wire with a diameter of 0.15mm to form a magnetic induction electrode 12 with a single turn area of 7.5cm2 and 100 turns. Of course, the present invention does not specifically limit the specific size and shape of the permanent magnet 22, and those skilled in the art can adapt the size and shape of the permanent magnet 22 according to actual needs.

Further, the material of the permanent magnet 22 can be AlNiCo permanent magnet alloy, FeCrCo permanent magnet alloy, permanent magnet ferrite, rare earth permanent magnet material, composite permanent magnet material, etc. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 22 is made of NdFeB; the coil of the magnetic induction electrode 12 is made of copper enameled wire. Of course, the present invention does not specifically limit the specific materials of the permanent magnets 22 and the coils of the magnetic induction electrodes 12, and those skilled in the art can adapt the specific materials of the permanent magnets 22 and the magnetic induction electrodes 12 according to actual needs.

Specifically, in the embodiments provided by the present invention, the rotary nanogenerator includes a stator 2 , a rotor 1 and an end cover 3 .

The stator 2 includes a housing 23 , four permanent magnets 22 and eight first friction electrodes 21 . The shell 23 is configured as a cylindrical structure, and the four permanent magnets 22 are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the shell 23; wherein, the material of the shell 23 can be made of stainless steel, and the four permanent magnets 22 are respectively made of strong glue (such as cyanoacrylic acid). ester) is bonded to the inner wall of the housing 23. The eight first friction electrodes 21 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, wherein every two first friction electrodes 21 are fixed on a permanent magnet 22; wherein, the first friction electrodes 21 can be made of copper foil with an adhesive layer on the back , and is bonded to the permanent magnet 22 . In practical applications, the height of the housing may be 6 cm, the inner diameter may be 6.5 cm, and the wall thickness may be 3 mm. Of course, the present invention does not specifically limit the specific size of the casing.

The rotor 1 includes a central shaft 13 , a bracket 14 , four second friction electrodes 14 and four magnetic induction electrodes 12 . As shown in FIG. 5 , the bracket 14 includes two supporting plates 141 and spokes 142 arranged in parallel. The two supporting plates 141 have the same structure and are both cross-shaped plate structures. The two supporting plates 141 are sleeved in the center. The two supporting plates 141 are connected by four spokes 142. Specifically, in practical applications, the support plate 141 can be cut from a square plate with a side length of 4.7 cm. The length of the four protruding sections of the formed support plate 141 is 1.5 cm and the width is 1.7 cm. Can be 2mm. Among them, in order to ensure good cutting accuracy, a laser cutting process can be used. Further, the spokes 142 are elongated rectangular plates. In practical applications, the spokes 142 may have a length of 4.4 cm, a width of 5 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. Among them, in order to ensure good cutting accuracy, a laser cutting process can be used. Further, in this embodiment, both the support plate 141 and the spokes 142 are made of acrylic material. Of course, the present invention does not specifically limit the specific size and shape of the bracket 14, and those skilled in the art can adjust the specific shape and size of the bracket 14 (support plate 141 and spokes 142) according to actual needs.

Further, the four second friction electrodes 14 are respectively fixed on the four spokes 142, wherein the connection between the second friction electrodes 14 and the spokes 142 can be by bonding, or other connecting pieces can be used for connection; the four The coils of the magnetic induction electrodes 12 are wound on the four protruding sections of the bracket 14 .

Further, the rotary nanogenerator also includes two end caps 3 covering both ends of the stator 2 to achieve positioning of the stator 2 and the rotor 1 . The end cover 3 has a disc-shaped structure with a through hole in its center, and two ends of the central shaft 13 protrude from the through holes of the two end covers 3 respectively. Further, in order to reduce the rotational friction between the rotor 1 and the end cover 3, in this embodiment, the through hole of the end cover 3 is sleeved with a rolling bearing 4, wherein the outer ring of the bearing 4 is sleeved on the inner wall of the through hole, The inner ring of the bearing 4 is sleeved on the rotating shaft.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the test data graphs of the voltage and current generated by the rotary nanogenerator of the present embodiment at different rotational speeds. As shown in Figure 6, the abscissa in the figure represents the rotational speed, the left ordinate represents the open-circuit voltage, the right ordinate represents the short-circuit current, the square points represent the open-circuit voltage corresponding to different rotational speeds, and the circular dots represent the load at different rotational speeds. the corresponding short-circuit current. It can be seen from FIG. 6 that when the rotational speed increases from 200rpm to 1000rpm, the open circuit voltage generated by the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14 increases from 33.4V to 64.3V, and the short circuit current increases from 1.27μA to 8.24μA . As shown in Figure 7, the abscissa in the figure represents the rotational speed, the left ordinate represents the open-circuit voltage, the right ordinate represents the short-circuit current, the square point represents the open-circuit voltage corresponding to different rotational speeds, and the triangle point represents the load at different rotational speeds. corresponding short-circuit current. It can be seen from FIG. 7 that when the rotational speed increases from 200rpm to 1000rpm, the open circuit voltage generated by the permanent magnet 22 and the magnetic induction electrode 12 increases from 33.4V to 64.3V, and the short circuit current increases from 1.27μA to 8.24μA.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, provided that these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A rotary nanometer generator is characterized by comprising a rotor and a stator sleeved on the periphery of the rotor;

the stator comprises a plurality of first friction electrodes which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction;

the rotor comprises a second friction electrode;

wherein the second rubbing electrode is a flexible electrode and is in elastic contact with the first rubbing electrode.

2. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein the stator comprises an even number of the first friction electrodes;

wherein a plurality of the first friction electrodes arranged at intervals are connected in series.

3. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 2, wherein the first friction electrode is configured as a sheet structure, and the material of the first friction electrode is aluminum or copper.

4. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 2, wherein the rotor comprises a plurality of the second rubbing electrodes;

wherein the number of the second rubbing electrodes is half of the number of the first rubbing electrodes.

5. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein the second friction electrode is configured as a sheet structure, and the material of the second friction electrode is a high molecular polymer.

6. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein the stator further comprises a plurality of permanent magnets uniformly arranged circumferentially;

the rotor also comprises a plurality of magnetic induction electrodes which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction;

the permanent magnet and the induction electrode generate magnetic induction so that the magnetic induction electrode generates voltage.

7. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 6, wherein the stator comprises an even number of the permanent magnets;

the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets face the center of the stator, and the polarities of the two adjacent permanent magnets facing the center of the stator are opposite.

8. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 7, wherein the rotor comprises an even number of the magnetic induction electrodes;

wherein the number of the magnetic induction electrodes is the same as that of the permanent magnets.

9. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 7, wherein the magnetic induction electrodes are configured as magnetic induction coils.

10. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 6, wherein the stator further comprises a housing, the housing is configured in a cylindrical shape, and the plurality of first friction electrodes and the plurality of permanent magnets are disposed on an inner wall of the housing;

the rotor further comprises a central shaft and a support, the support is sleeved on the central shaft, and the second friction electrode and the magnetic induction electrodes are arranged on the support.

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