CN115276331B

CN115276331B - A pair of magnetic pole parallel motor

Info

Publication number: CN115276331B
Application number: CN202110484841.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 请求不公布姓名
Original assignee: Hangzhou Dongbo Automation Science & Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Dongbo Automation Science & Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-30
Filing date: 2021-04-30
Publication date: 2025-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-30
Also published as: CN115276331A

Abstract

The present invention provides a pair of magnetic pole parallel motors, including a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor includes at least two independent coils that are independent of each other; the stator includes a pair of magnets consisting of a first magnet and a second magnet, and a pair of conductive rings consisting of a positive conductive ring and a negative conductive ring that are arranged opposite to each other, and the N pole of the first magnet and the S pole of the second magnet are respectively used to act on the independent coils that are energized; each independent coil has two electrical terminals that are respectively used to alternately electrically connect the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring during the rotation of the rotor, and in one rotation cycle, there are moments when at least two independent coils are connected in parallel to each other, and the trajectory center angle and coil angle of each independent coil are respectively less than or equal to 180 degrees. No matter how many coils there are in the parallel motor of this scheme, a commutator is not required to allocate the power-on time, and all coils can be operated in parallel. Under certain conditions, all coils can be operated in parallel all the time, effectively improving the working efficiency of the motor.

Description

A pair of magnetic pole parallel motor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a pair of magnetic pole parallel motors.

Background

The motor comprises a brush motor and a brushless motor, wherein the brush motor is widely used in occasions with low requirements due to the advantages of stable performance, low manufacturing cost and the like.

In the case of only one coil, continuous rotation of the rotating shaft cannot be ensured, so that the current motor adopts a multi-coil mode. As shown in fig. 1, a typical three-coil motor is currently available, in which a pair of magnetic poles and a pair of brushes are provided, each coil is in contact with a common point of an adjacent coil to form a commutator segment, and during rotation of the rotor, the two brushes are respectively in contact with three commutator segments in turn to realize commutation. When the number of coils is increased, the energizing time of each coil is reduced, the energizing time of each coil needs to be realized through a commutator, the more the number of coils is, the shorter the acting time of each coil is, in such a way, the number of coils is increased from the whole of the coils, and the output moment of the coils is improved in a serial manner, but the acting time of each coil is greatly reduced from the perspective of each group of independent coils, and the utilization rate of each coil is wired, so that the working efficiency of the motor is greatly limited, and the full-time work of all coils cannot be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a pair of pole parallel motors, which aims at the above problems.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a pair of magnetic pole parallel motors comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor comprises at least two independent coils which are independent;

The stator comprises a pair of magnets consisting of a first magnet and a second magnet, a pair of conductive rings consisting of a positive conductive ring and a negative conductive ring which are oppositely arranged, and the N pole of the first magnet and the S pole of the second magnet are respectively used for acting on the electrified independent coils;

Each independent coil is provided with two power connection terminals which are respectively used for alternately and electrically connecting the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring in the rotating process of the rotor, in one rotating period, at least two independent coils are connected in parallel, and the track central angle and the coil angle of each independent coil are respectively smaller than or equal to 180 degrees.

In the above-described pair of pole-group parallel motors, there are times when at least three/four/five/six independent coils are connected in parallel with each other in one rotation period;

in each rotation period, the moment when at least two/three/four/five/six independent coils are mutually connected in parallel is greater than 1/Z rotation period, and Z is equal to 2, 3, 4 or 5;

The central angle of the track of each independent coil is more than 90 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees;

the coil angle of each individual coil is greater than 90 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees.

In the above-mentioned a pair of magnetic pole parallel motor, positive conducting ring include positive effective section radian, negative conducting ring include negative effective section radian, have the vacancy radian between positive effective section radian and the negative effective section radian, and the orbit central angle that two electric terminals of every independent coil constitute all is greater than the vacancy radian.

In the pair of magnetic pole parallel motors, the central angle of the track of each independent coil is larger than 120 degrees and smaller than or equal to 180 degrees;

the coil angle of each independent coil is greater than 120 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees;

the conductive ring/magnet is integrated or cut into two or more adjacent conductive rings/magnets;

The positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring have the same circle center so that the radian of the positive effective section forms the positive conductive ring and the radian of the negative effective section forms the negative conductive ring.

In the above-described pair of pole-group parallel motors, the coil angle of the independent coil is equal to or approximately 180 degrees;

the central angle of the track of the independent coil is equal to or approaches 180 degrees;

and the approach range is within 20 degrees, 10 degrees, 5 degrees or 2 degrees of the approach of 180 degrees.

In the above-mentioned pair of parallel magnetic pole motors, the positive conductive ring effective section and the negative conductive ring effective section are all nearly zero, and the negative conductive ring effective section and the positive conductive ring effective section are isolated by the insulating film.

In the pair of magnetic pole parallel motors, the independent coils are all formed by winding enameled wires on any two winding grooves of the iron core.

In the pair of magnetic pole parallel motors, the same number of winding grooves is spanned by each independent coil;

or there are at least two sets of independent coils spanning different numbers of winding slots.

In the pair of magnetic pole parallel motors, the track central angle of each independent coil is equal to the coil angle;

or the angle difference between the track central angle and the coil angle of each independent coil is smaller than a preset difference value.

In the above-mentioned pair of parallel magnetic pole motors, the independent coils are wound on the iron core at a coil angle of 180 degrees, and the independent coils are mutually crossed on the rotation axis a and are circumferentially distributed in turn with the rotation axis a as the center line.

The invention has the advantages that no matter how many coils are, no commutator is needed to distribute the power-on time, the power-on time of each coil is only related to the track central angle of the coil and the effective section of the conducting ring, all coils are not mutually influenced, all coils can be connected in parallel, under certain conditions, for example, the effective section of the conducting ring is infinitely close to 180 degrees, the track central angle is 180 degrees, the coil angle is 180 degrees, all coils can be connected in parallel at all times, the utilization rate of all coils is improved, and the working efficiency and the output torque of the motor are further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art three-coil motor angle joint;

FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a prior art three-coil motor corner connection;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of three independent coils;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an eight slot core of the present invention wound with three sets of 180 degree independent coils;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the placement of the electrical terminals of three sets of 180 degree independent coils on a conductive ring in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the placement of the electrical terminals of three sets of 120 degree independent coils on a conductive ring in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a prior art three-coil motor star connection;

FIG. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a prior art three-coil motor star connection;

Fig. 9 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the solution shown in fig. 5.

Reference numerals are a magnet pair 1, a first magnet 11, a second magnet 12, a conductive ring pair 2, coils L1, L2, L3, independent coils L4, L5, L6, and electrical terminals a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.

The embodiment discloses a pair of magnetic pole parallel motors, which comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor comprises at least two independent coils which are independent of each other, such as three, four, five, six and the like;

The stator comprises a pair of magnets 1 formed by oppositely arranging a pair of magnets consisting of a first magnet 11 and a second magnet 12, a pair of conductive ring pairs 2 formed by oppositely arranging two positive conductive rings and negative conductive rings for providing positive electricity and negative electricity respectively, and the N pole of the first magnet 11 and the S pole of the second magnet 12 are respectively used for acting on the electrified independent coils;

Each independent coil has two electrical terminals for alternately electrically connecting the positive and negative conductive rings during rotation of the rotor, and in one rotation period there is a moment when at least two independent coils are parallel to each other, preferably in one rotation period there is a moment when at least two/three/four/five/six independent coils are parallel to each other greater than 1/Z rotation period, Z being equal to 2,3, 4 or 5.

The central angle of the track of each independent coil is smaller than or equal to 180 degrees, and the central angle alpha of the track is the concept that the two electric connection endpoints 31 are positioned on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis A, and the included angle between the two electric connection endpoints 31 and the rotation axis A on the plane is the central angle alpha of the track. Specifically, the electrical connection terminal of the embodiment is directly or indirectly in sliding contact with the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring in the rotating process so as to be electrically connected with the conductive ring pair. The conductive ring can be arranged at a non-rotating part of the motor shell and the like according to the need, each electric connection point can be fixed on the rotating shaft in any mode to stably and slidingly contact with the conductive ring in the rotating process, the limitation is not carried out, and the electric connection points can be in electric conduction and reversing through the sliding contact with the upper surface, the lower surface, the inner surface or the outer surface of the conductive ring.

It should be noted that the conductive ring/magnet may be formed as a single body or may be cut into two or more adjacent pieces, which is not limited herein.

Specifically, positive conducting ring includes positive effective section radian, and negative conducting ring includes negative effective section radian, has the vacancy radian between positive effective section radian and the negative effective section radian, and the orbit central angle that two electric terminals that connect of every independent coil constitute all is greater than the vacancy radian, because electric terminals that connect when being located vacancy arc department, independent coil loses electricity, makes the orbit central angle be greater than the vacancy radian and can guarantee that independent coil has the circular telegram for a period at least in the rotatory in-process. Preferably, the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring have the same center such that the positive effective segment curvature forms the positive conductive ring and the negative effective segment curvature forms the negative conductive ring.

The number of the independent coils with corresponding number can be arranged according to the requirement in the actual casting process, and three independent coils L4, L5 and L6 are arranged in fig. 3, at this time, the coil angle of each independent coil and the position relation among the coils can be set by a person skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

Further, in order to enable the magnet to effectively act on each group of the energized independent coils, the energization time of each independent coil is ensured, wherein the track central angle of each independent coil is preferably greater than 120 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees, and the coil angle is also preferably greater than 120 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees.

Preferably, the track central angle and the coil angle of each independent coil are equal, and the coil angle refers to the angle occupied by the coil on the 360-degree circumference of the iron core. However, in actual production, it may be inconvenient to achieve a completely consistent angle, so that it is preferable that the angle difference between the central angle of the track and the angle of the coil is within a preset difference range, if the preset difference is 5 degrees, and if the angle of the coil is 180 degrees, the central angle of the track is 175-180 degrees, and the preset difference may be 3 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, or the like.

Preferably, the two conductive rings of the present embodiment approach 180 degrees, respectively, where the difference in offset between the approaching finger and the target (180 degrees) is in a small range, such as a small angular range of 2 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, etc. The insulating film is arranged between the positive conducting ring and the negative conducting ring to isolate the positive conducting ring and the negative conducting ring so as to ensure the energizing time of each independent coil as much as possible.

The angle of the central angle of the track can be 120 degrees, 150 degrees, 160 degrees, 170 degrees or 180 degrees, etc. In practical application, the track central angle and the coil angle are respectively close to 180 degrees as much as possible so as to maximize the utilization of all independent coils.

Further, each independent coil is wound on any two winding grooves of the iron core by the enameled wire, each independent coil spans the same winding groove number, or at least two groups of independent coils which span different winding grooves are arranged, and preferably the same number of winding grooves are spanned to keep uniformity, so that the motor is convenient to process and manufacture, and the number of the spanning winding grooves influences the coil angles of the independent coils. As shown in fig. 4, on the twelve-slot core, when the number of the crossing winding slots of one independent coil is five, the angle of the independent coil is 180 degrees, strictly speaking, is approximately 180 degrees, the angle range is 150-210 degrees (30 n-30 (n+2), n is the number of the crossing winding slots), and the angle of the coil is less than or equal to 180 degrees, so the angle range is 150-180 degrees. An independent coil may be wound in other ways by wires of other materials, without limitation.

For example, the individual coils may be wound around the core at a coil angle of 180 degrees, and in this case, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the individual coils may intersect each other on the rotation axis a, and circumferentially intersect each other around the rotation axis a to be sequentially distributed. In the state of fig. 5, the three independent coils L4, L5 and L6 are all in the energized state, and the three independent coils are connected in parallel with each other, and in the rotating process, the three independent coils are always in the energized state unless one of the electrical connection points moves to the gap between the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring, and when the radian of the two conductive rings approaches 180 degrees, the time passing through the gap is negligible, so that all independent coils can work at all times. Of course, if more coil sets are needed, the independent coils are directly added, and the added independent coils are connected with the rest independent coils in parallel.

The independent coils can be wound on the iron core shown in fig. 4 at a coil angle of 120 degrees, and at this time, the plurality of independent coils can be sequentially overlapped and/or distributed in a crossed manner circumferentially by taking the rotation axis A as the center line. When there are three independent coils, as shown in fig. 6, it is preferable that the independent coils are sequentially stacked and distributed, and adjacent coils share one winding slot and one terminal. In the state shown in fig. 6, the L4 and the L5 are electrified in parallel, the L6 is in a power-off state, and when the rotor continues to rotate until the c2/a1 power connection end point is in sliding contact with the negative conductive ring, the three independent coils are electrified, and at the moment, the three independent coils form three parallel loops.

The remaining coil angles are similar to 180 degrees or 120 degrees and are not described in detail herein.

In order to embody the superiority of this scheme, the analysis and explanation of the parallel effect of the coil in this scheme take three coils as an example, and in the case of the traditional 3 coils, the winding connection mode is a star connection method besides the angle connection method shown in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, and in this scheme, as shown in fig. 5, the equivalent circuit is as shown in fig. 9:

And (1) analyzing under the same current:

Triangle connection mode

Torque:

Loss:

voltage: star connection mode

Torque: t=c·i·2 =2·c·i

Loss p=2i ² R

Voltage u=2ri

The scheme is connected in a mode

Torque:

Loss:

voltage:

Conclusion that at the same current,

T_b<T_s<T_x

P_b<P_s<P_x

U_b<U_s<U_x

P is motor loss, T is motor torque, C is constant, R is resistance, U is voltage, i is current, subscript "b" represents parameters of the scheme, subscript "s" represents parameters of the prior art triangle connection mode, and subscript "x" represents parameters of the star connection mode.

And (II) analyzing under the same torque:

The scheme is connected in a mode

Torque:

Deducing current:

Power consumption:

voltage:

conclusion, at the same torque:

T_b＝T_s＝T_x

P_b<P_s<P_x

U_b<U_s<U_x

I_b>i_s>i_x

(III) analysis under the same Voltage

I.e. i _b＝2i_s＝6i_x

Torque T _b＝C·i_b

Power consumption: (IV) in the case of equal power consumption

That is to say,

Torque:

voltage:

conclusion, at the same power consumption:

T_b>T_s>T_x

U_b<U_s<U_x

I_b>i_s>i_x

The above advantage is more obvious as the coil arrangement is more, the more coils are analyzed by analogy, and the more coils are not described herein.

The pair of motors has the advantages of simple structure, excellent performance and the like, has obvious advantages compared with the traditional motor, and can realize that all coils can not be connected in parallel any way for the three coils of the traditional motor in terms of typical three coils, but the scheme can easily realize that all coils are connected in parallel, and the three coils of the traditional motor are electrified in turn, particularly the star connection method can not realize that all coils are in an electrified state at all times, so that the coil utilization rate is low, and the scheme can realize the full-time work of all coils, improves the utilization rate of each independent coil, and can still realize the full-time electrifying of all coils and the parallel connection of all coils by increasing the number of the coils, so that the motor has less power consumption under the same torque compared with the traditional motor.

Those skilled in the art, inspired by the present application, can combine the present application with the motor coil arrangement mode in the prior art, that is, if a part of coils are connected in series, a part of coils are independently arranged, or a series coil formed by connecting a plurality of groups of coils in series is used as an independent coil, then the independent coils are connected in parallel, and in any mode, the thought that the independent coils are connected in parallel is applied, so long as the present application is within the protection scope of the present application. The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the application. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the application or exceeding the scope of the application as defined in the accompanying claims.

Although the terms of the magnet pair 1, the first magnet 11, the second magnet 12, the conductive ring pair 2, the coils L1, L2, L3, the independent coils L4, L5, L6, the electrical terminals a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, etc. are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are only used to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the invention and should be construed in a manner consistent with their spirit and scope.

Claims

1. A pair of magnetic pole parallel motors, comprising a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor comprises at least two independent coils that are independent of each other;

The stator comprises a pair of magnets consisting of a first magnet and a second magnet, and a pair of conductive rings consisting of a positive conductive ring and a negative conductive ring arranged opposite to each other, and the N pole of the first magnet and the S pole of the second magnet are respectively used to act on independent coils that are energized;

Each independent coil has two electrical terminals for alternately electrically connecting the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring during the rotation of the rotor, and in one rotation cycle, there is a moment when at least two independent coils are connected in parallel with each other, and the trajectory center angle and coil angle of each independent coil are less than or equal to 180 degrees.

2. A pair of pole-group parallel motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, in one rotation cycle, there is a moment when at least three/four/five/six independent coils are connected in parallel with each other;

In each rotation period, there are at least two/three/four/five/six independent coils connected in parallel with each other for a period greater than 1/Z rotation period, where Z is 2, 3, 4 or 5;

The center angle of the trajectory of each independent coil is greater than 90 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees;

The coil angle of each independent coil is greater than 90 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees.

3. A pair of pole-connected parallel motors according to claim 2, characterized in that the positive conductive ring includes a positive effective segment arc, the negative conductive ring includes a negative effective segment arc, there is a missing arc between the positive effective segment arc and the negative effective segment arc, and the center angle of the trajectory formed by the two electrical end points of each independent coil is greater than the missing arc.

4. The pair of magnetic pole parallel motors according to claim 3, characterized in that the center angle of the trajectory of each independent coil is greater than 120 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees;

The conductive ring/magnet is a whole or cut into two or more adjacent ones;

The positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring have the same center so that the positive effective segment arc constitutes the positive conductive ring, and the negative effective segment arc constitutes the negative conductive ring.

5. The pair of magnetic pole parallel motors according to claim 4, characterized in that the coil angle of the independent coil is equal to or close to 180 degrees;

The center angle of the trajectory of the independent coil is equal to or close to 180 degrees;

The approach range is within 20 degrees, 10 degrees, 5 degrees or 2 degrees of 180 degrees.

6. A pair of pole-group parallel motors according to claim 5, characterized in that the effective section of the positive conductive ring and the effective section of the negative conductive ring are both close to 180 degrees, and the effective section of the negative conductive ring is isolated from the effective section of the positive conductive ring by an insulating film.

7. A pair of magnetic pole parallel motors according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the independent coils are all obtained by winding enameled wires on any two winding slots of the iron core.

8. The pair of pole-group parallel motors according to claim 7, characterized in that each independent coil spans the same number of winding slots;

Alternatively, there are at least two groups of independent coils spanning different numbers of winding slots.

9. A pair of magnetic pole parallel motors according to claim 8, characterized in that the center angle of the trajectory of each independent coil is equal to the coil angle;

Alternatively, the angle difference between the trajectory center angle of each independent coil and the coil angle is less than a preset difference.

10. A pair of pole-connected parallel motors according to claim 9, characterized in that the independent coils are all wound on the iron core at a coil angle of 180 degrees, and multiple independent coils intersect each other on the rotation axis A, and are distributed in sequence in the circumferential direction with the rotation axis A as the center line.