CN115200774A - Method and system for measuring or adjusting gas pressure in submerged arc furnace - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring or adjusting gas pressure in submerged arc furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN115200774A CN115200774A CN202210859976.9A CN202210859976A CN115200774A CN 115200774 A CN115200774 A CN 115200774A CN 202210859976 A CN202210859976 A CN 202210859976A CN 115200774 A CN115200774 A CN 115200774A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
A method for measuring gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace is characterized in that a through hole is reserved or manufactured in an electrode of the submerged arc furnace, a ventilation pipeline is connected above the through hole, and protective gas is introduced into the ventilation pipeline; measuring the flow Q of protective gas introduced in unit time by using a flow sensor; measuring the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipe by using a pressure sensor; obtaining the length L of the instant through hole; in the process of continuous consumption of the submerged arc furnace electrode, according to the obtained length L of the through hole, the flow Q of the protective gas introduced in unit time and the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipe, a difference delta P between the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipe and the pressure P2 of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of the electrode is obtained by building a physical model test, a mathematical modeling and/or a computer program, so that the pressure P2 of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of the electrode is obtained. The method is safe, convenient and fast, has high automation degree, and fills the blank of the research at home and abroad.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a system for measuring or adjusting gas pressure in a high-temperature charged environment, in particular to a method and a system for measuring or adjusting gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace.
Background
The submerged arc furnace is a device for smelting furnace burden by electrode current acting work to produce, is mainly used for producing industrial raw materials such as calcium carbide, industrial silicon, ferroalloy, yellow phosphorus and the like, and is divided into a calcium carbide furnace, an industrial silicon furnace, a ferroalloy furnace, a yellow phosphorus furnace and the like according to different products. These industrial raw materials are basic raw materials for manufacturing industry, and occupy a very important position in the whole national economy.
The submerged arc furnace can generate a large amount of gas in the smelting process, the gas accumulation can form a cavity in the melted furnace charge, when the cavity is broken due to large pressure, a large amount of gas can be sprayed out, the gas can carry out splashing on the melted furnace charge during spraying, equipment damage and casualties are caused, and the phenomenon is called 'collapse'.
The electrodes of ore-smelting furnace are divided into graphite electrode and self-baking electrode, the graphite electrode is prefabricated electrode, and the self-baking electrode needs to be continuously manufactured, continuously baked and formed and continuously consumed in production. Since the working end of the electrode is the discharge end, where the reaction is most severe, the gas generation is mainly at the working end of the electrode. The working end of the electrode is discharged through electric arc, the temperature is up to 3000-10000 ℃, and no means can measure the gas pressure of the cavity at the end part of the electrode at present.
The calcium carbide furnace and the ferroalloy furnace are generally closed furnaces, so that casualties cannot be caused when the splashing is caused by 'material collapse', and equipment damage is still caused. Calcium carbide furnaces and iron alloy furnaces generally release gas by utilizing block material gaps, and the gas permeability is deteriorated when a smelting position fluctuates greatly to cause a raw material interlayer, or the gas permeability is deteriorated when powder is too much, so that the furnace material is collapsed when the furnace material is hardened and the furnace gas cannot be released, and the molten furnace material is splashed to cause accidents.
Industrial silicon furnaces are generally open or semi-open furnaces, and no closed furnace lid is provided for protection. Because a large amount of silicon dioxide exists in furnace burden, the silicon dioxide is sticky at high temperature and cannot form gaps to release furnace gas, the method generally adopted for solving the problems is to release accumulated furnace gas by a method of pricking holes on the furnace burden by a steel bar, which is also called as furnace ramming, the used equipment is called as a furnace ramming machine, the furnace ramming is not timely to cause material collapse, and the instantaneously accumulated furnace gas for pricking the furnace burden is released to cause casualties.
Because the end part of the electrode is in an ultra-high temperature environment and is wrapped by a thick furnace shell, the pressure in a reaction area is difficult to measure at present, so that accidents are frequent, and the production safety of the submerged arc furnace is seriously damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for measuring or adjusting the gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace, which can obtain the pressure data of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of an electrode in real time and effectively avoid serious safety accidents such as material collapse and the like. The method is safe, convenient and high in automation degree, greatly guarantees the safety of field operating personnel, fills the gap of the research at home and abroad, can be used for avoiding casualties and property loss related to the submerged arc furnace industry, and has epoch-making significance.
The invention provides a method for measuring gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace, wherein a through hole is reserved or manufactured in an electrode of the submerged arc furnace, a ventilation pipeline is connected above the through hole, and protective gas is introduced into the ventilation pipeline;
measuring the flow Q of protective gas introduced in unit time by using a flow sensor;
measuring the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipe by using a pressure sensor;
obtaining the length L of the through hole;
in the process of continuous consumption of the submerged arc furnace electrode, according to the obtained length L of the through hole, the flow Q of the protective gas introduced in unit time and the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipe, a difference delta P between the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipe and the pressure P2 of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of the electrode is obtained by building a physical model test, a mathematical modeling and/or a computer program, so that the pressure P2 of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of the electrode is obtained.
The temperature in an industrial ore-smelting furnace is usually very high, for example, the ore-smelting furnace is an industrial electric furnace with huge power consumption, and a huge crucible with the diameter of more than ten meters and the depth of six-seven meters is equipment for smelting ore-smelting hot furnace burden by applying work through electrode current to produce. The submerged arc furnace electrode is positioned in the furnace burden, when the electrode performs discharge work on the furnace burden, the electrode is gradually consumed in the work application process, and meanwhile, the length of the through hole reserved or manufactured in the submerged arc furnace electrode is reduced.
In the operation process of the submerged arc furnace, the heat generated by the electrode discharge work makes the furnace burden generate chemical reaction to generate gas, and after the gas is accumulated, a cavity is formed at the port of the electrode. The cavity, the vent pipe and the through hole can be regarded as a closed container approximately in engineering technology, protective gas with a certain flow rate is introduced, when the diameters of the vent pipe and the through hole are determined, the flow rate Q of the protective gas and the lengths L and delta P of the vent pipe and the through hole have a corresponding relation, and the length of the through hole is continuously changed along with the consumption of the electrode.
The inventor obtains the pressure P2 of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of the electrode by creative labor, applying scientific principles, combining a computer and modern sensing technology and continuously accumulating the existing parameter data and ingenious research methods, solves the outstanding practical problem which is not solved all the time for decades in the smelting field of the submerged arc furnace, and has outstanding practical significance.
Preferably, the present invention provides the measuring method, wherein a support pipe is left in the through hole, and the ventilation duct is connected to the support pipe. The supporting tube is arranged in a through hole in the electrode of the submerged arc furnace, is made of steel, graphite (carbon) tubes or ceramic materials, including alumina, zirconia, magnesia, silicon carbide, molybdenum silicide and other monomers or mixtures, and can be a square tube or a circular tube. The supporting tube is connected or welded through a bolt and is embedded in a through hole of the electrode of the submerged arc furnace in advance, and along with the consumption of the electrode, the supporting tube is also consumed together and needs to be supplemented continuously.
Preferably, the present invention provides the measuring method, wherein the protective gas comprises one or more of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and inert gas.
Preferably, the present invention provides a measuring method wherein the method of obtaining the length L of the through-hole includes, but is not limited to, an accumulation method, a weighing method, a probe method, a magnetic induction method, an operating resistance estimation depth method, an ultrasonic wave and/or a radar method.
The current industrial electrode depth measuring method in the submerged arc furnace comprises the following steps:
(1) Accumulation method: the electrode length was estimated from the electrode paste added daily and the rate of consumption. And the current length H0 of the electrode, the daily electrode consumption quantity H1 is estimated according to historical experience, the electrode generation quantity H2 is estimated according to the daily electrode paste addition quantity, and the current length H = H0-H1+ H2 is further calculated.
(2) A weighing method comprises the following steps: the length of the electrode is estimated according to the weight of the electrode, the method ignores the difference of the density of the electrode in different sections and the viscosity of melted ore-smelting furnace charge, and leads to the estimation of the insertion depth of the electrode by buoyancy.
(3) A probe method: and inserting an iron drill rod into the contact electrode in the submerged arc furnace, inserting and detecting the end face of the electrode for multiple times, and further calculating the insertion depth of the electrode by applying the pythagorean theorem, namely H2= D2+ L2. The method is simple and effective, but is limited by the experience of operators and the need of power cut and ore furnace shutdown during measurement, so that the method is very inconvenient to use, and particularly for ferroalloy ore furnaces and industrial silicon ore furnaces, hard ore furnace burden seriously influences the insertion of iron brazes.
(4) Magnetic induction method: a plurality of magnetic field inductors are arranged on the periphery of the ore smelting furnace body, the magnetic field condition is obtained according to signals of the magnetic field inductors, and then the insertion depth of the electrode is estimated through the current in the three-phase electrode. The method ignores the influence of the complex flow direction and the phase sequence of the current in the submerged arc furnace, particularly the direction of the current in the submerged arc furnace is unpredictable under abnormal submerged arc furnace conditions, the direction of a magnetic field generated by the current is unpredictable, and the measurement accuracy is influenced.
(5) Operating resistance estimation depth method: the voltage and current of the electrode are measured, the resistance value of the operating resistor is calculated, and the depth of the electrode in the submerged arc furnace is further estimated through simulation. The method seems to simulate the depth of the electrode entering the submerged arc furnace, actually, due to the complex submerged arc furnace conditions in the submerged arc furnace, the simulation model is only made under the state of fixing the proportion of the submerged arc furnace burden under the normal working condition, and as the submerged arc furnace burden is continuously adjusted and changed, the submerged arc furnace is in the abnormal working condition for a plurality of times, and the applicability is poor.
(6) Ultrasonic and/or radar methods: the inventor conducts intensive research on the method through continuous exploration, can effectively and accurately obtain the depth of the electrode in the submerged arc furnace without stopping production and stopping the submerged arc furnace or manually intervening, thereby providing data basis for controlling the electrode, achieving the purposes of optimizing process operation, saving electric energy, improving product quality and reducing safety risk, and being used in practice.
Preferably, the present invention provides a measuring method, wherein the method of obtaining the length L of the through hole is selected from an ultrasonic wave and/or a radar method, wherein the ultrasonic wave is selected from an ultrasonic guided wave. According to the method, the through hole is reserved or manufactured in the submerged arc furnace electrode, the sensing device is arranged, the latest height of the end face of the electrode can be obtained at any time in the continuous consumption process of the submerged arc furnace electrode by utilizing the conduction and reflection characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves or radar waves, the length L of the through hole is obtained, the method is simple and feasible, and the defect of the method for measuring the depth of the electrode in the submerged arc furnace in the prior art is overcome.
Preferably, the measurement method provided by the present invention, wherein the mathematical modeling and/or the computer program, including but not limited to establishing the parameter tables of L, Q, Δ P, obtains the parameter relationship between L, Q, Δ P in the application scope by building a physical model test, a mathematical method or a computer program, including but not limited to a difference method and/or a fitting curve method. In the invention, a table can be drawn according to the historical corresponding relation of the length L of the through hole, the flow Q of the protective gas introduced in the unit time and the pressure difference delta P, the parameter relation among the L, the Q and the delta P in the application range can be obtained through a difference method and/or a fitting curve method, and a mathematical model and a corresponding calculation program are established. In practical application, an instant Δ P value can be obtained according to the obtained length L of the through hole and the measured flow rate Q of the protective gas introduced in unit time.
Preferably, the present invention provides a measurement method wherein the flow Q and/or the pressure P1 is regulated using control means, including but not limited to proportional valves, solenoid valves, flow valves, pressure valves. The flow Q and the pressure P1 measured by the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are adjusted by adjusting the control device, such as adjusting the opening degrees of a proportional valve, an electromagnetic valve, a flow valve and a pressure valve, and the flow Q and the pressure P1 of the ventilation pipeline can be maintained in a certain numerical range, so that the stability of the system is kept, the calculation process is reduced, and the measurement precision is improved.
The invention also provides a method for adjusting the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace, wherein the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace is obtained by the measuring method, and when the P2 is greater than a set value, the gas in the submerged arc furnace is accelerated to be discharged in a linkage mode, so that the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace is reduced.
Preferably, the adjusting method provided by the invention comprises the step of controlling a lifting system of the submerged arc furnace electrode in a linkage mode, so that the submerged arc furnace electrode moves, the material gap in the submerged arc furnace is enlarged, and gas overflows. In the actual operation process, the lifting oil cylinders are controlled to move up and down, left and right in a linkage mode, and the contracting brake clamps the electrodes to implement synchronous motion, so that the material gaps in the ore-smelting furnace are enlarged by utilizing the movement of the electrodes, gaps are formed or the materials around the cavity fall off, the air permeability is recovered, and the purpose of preventing the material collapse caused by the gas splashing of the ore-smelting furnace is achieved.
The invention also provides a system for measuring the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace, wherein the system adopts the measuring method to obtain the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace; the system includes, but is not limited to, a ventilation conduit, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a sampling circuit, a computing unit, and/or a human-machine interface;
the vent pipeline penetrates through a through hole of the submerged arc furnace electrode, and protective gas is introduced into the vent pipeline;
the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are connected with the ventilation pipeline;
the sampling circuit acquires the flow Q of the protective gas introduced in unit time through a flow sensor, acquires the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the ventilation pipeline through a pressure sensor, and/or acquires one or more of length L data of a through hole;
the calculation unit is used for obtaining a gas pressure P2 value in the submerged arc furnace through P2= P1-delta P according to the Q, P1 and/or L values obtained by the sampling circuit;
and the human-computer interaction interface displays the data of the computing unit and/or transmits an operation instruction to the computing unit.
The inventor can achieve the purpose of obtaining the gas pressure P2 data in the submerged arc furnace by calculating P2= P1-delta P through the design of the measuring system and the measuring method. In the invention, in the operation process of the measuring system, the calculating unit can continuously update and optimize the mathematical model and/or the computer program through external excitation and data feedback through the accumulation of the collected measured parameters. The invention not only solves the practical problem that the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace is difficult to accurately measure for decades in the smelting field of the submerged arc furnace, meets the current precision requirement for measuring the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace, but also can gradually improve the measurement precision through the modern computer technology and is used for guiding production.
Preferably, the present invention provides a measuring system, wherein the system further comprises a measuring device for measuring the length L of the through hole, the device being measured by ultrasonic waves and/or radar methods, wherein the ultrasonic waves are selected from ultrasonic guided waves. By utilizing the conduction and reflection characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves or radar waves, the position of the end face of the electrode, namely the length L of the through hole, can be accurately obtained in real time in the consumption process of the submerged arc furnace electrode, and the requirement for obtaining the gas pressure P2 data in the submerged arc furnace can be better met.
Preferably, the present invention provides a measuring system, wherein the system further comprises a control circuit I and an adjusting loop; the control circuit I adjusts the flow Q and/or the pressure P1 by using a control device according to data and/or instructions of the computing unit; and the adjusting loop is used for controlling the lifting of the submerged arc furnace electrode according to the data and/or the instruction of the calculating unit so as to enable the submerged arc furnace electrode to generate displacement. Therefore, the system for measuring the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace can not only measure the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace, but also adjust the pressure by applying the principle of system linkage. The scheme is simple and feasible, is effective, adopts a simple technical scheme, solves the important safety problem in the actual operation process, and has great significance.
Preferably, the invention provides the measuring system, wherein the adjusting circuit comprises a control circuit II and/or one or more of an electric circuit, a hydraulic circuit and a pneumatic circuit; and the control circuit II controls the electric circuit, the hydraulic circuit and/or the pneumatic circuit to control the lifting of the electrode of the submerged arc furnace.
On one hand, the invention can obtain important gas pressure parameters for guiding production under the severe environment of high-temperature electrification in the submerged arc furnace, avoid serious casualties and enterprise property loss and meet the requirement of modern production in the smelting field of the submerged arc furnace; on the other hand, the automatic requirement of the gas pressure measurement in the submerged arc furnace is met, and the precision requirement of the important parameter under the conditions of current enterprise management and production operation can be met. In the measuring and adjusting method and the system operation process, the calculation unit can be continuously optimized, and the mathematical model and the computer program are optimized by using data feedback, so that the measuring precision is gradually improved, the qualitative leap in the aspects of safety management and quality control in the smelting field of the submerged arc furnace is favorably realized, and the method and the system have certain prospect.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the method and system for measuring or regulating the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the invention, a series of examples are given below. It should be noted that these embodiments are purely illustrative. These examples are given for the purpose of fully illustrating the meaning and content of the invention, and are not therefore to be considered as limiting the invention to the scope of the described examples.
The invention relates to an application of computer technology in the field of measurement or adjustment of gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace, and relates to an application of a computer function module in the implementation process of the invention. The applicant believes that the present invention may be implemented with its full degree of software programming skills in the art, in conjunction with the prior art, after perusal of the application and an accurate understanding of the principles of implementation and the objects of the invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
embodiment a method and a system for measuring or adjusting gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace
The invention provides a method for measuring gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace, wherein a through hole 204 is reserved or manufactured in an electrode 201 of the submerged arc furnace, a supporting pipe 205 is reserved in the through hole 204, a ventilation pipeline 206 is connected above the through hole 204, and the ventilation pipeline 206 is connected with the supporting pipe 205. A protective gas, including one or more of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and an inert gas, is introduced into the vent line 206. Measuring the flow Q of the protective gas introduced in unit time by using a flow sensor 207; measuring the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent line 206 using the pressure sensor 208; the length L of the through-hole 204 is obtained. Methods of obtaining the length L of the via 204 include, but are not limited to, an accumulation method, a weighing method, a probe method, a magnetic induction method, an operating resistance estimation depth method, an ultrasonic wave and/or a radar method, preferably from an ultrasonic wave and/or a radar method, wherein the ultrasonic wave is selected from ultrasonic guided waves.
In the process of continuous consumption of the submerged arc furnace electrode, according to the obtained length L of the through hole 204, the flow Q of the protective gas introduced in the unit time and the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipeline, the difference delta P between the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipeline 206 and the pressure P2 of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of the electrode is obtained through mathematical modeling and/or computer program, and thus the pressure P2 of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of the electrode is obtained. The mathematical modeling and/or computer program comprises but is not limited to establishing a parameter table of L, Q and delta P, and the parameter relation among the L, Q and delta P in the application range is obtained by building a physical model test, a mathematical method or a computer program comprising but is not limited to a difference method and/or a fitting curve method. The flow Q and/or pressure P1 is regulated using control devices including, but not limited to, proportional valves, solenoid valves, flow valves, pressure valves.
The invention also provides a method for adjusting the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace, wherein the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace is obtained by the measuring method, and when the P2 is greater than a set value, the gas in the submerged arc furnace is accelerated to be discharged in a linkage mode, so that the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace is reduced. The linkage mode comprises a lifting system for controlling the electrode of the submerged arc furnace, so that the electrode of the submerged arc furnace moves, the material gap in the submerged arc furnace is enlarged, and gas overflows.
The invention also provides a system for measuring the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace, wherein the system adopts the measuring method to obtain the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace; the system comprises a ventilation pipe 206, a flow sensor 207, a pressure sensor 208, a sampling circuit 102, a calculation unit 103 and/or a human-machine interface 104;
the vent pipe 206 penetrates through the through hole 204 of the submerged arc furnace electrode 201, and protective gas is introduced into the vent pipe 206;
a flow sensor 207 and a pressure sensor 208 are connected to the vent line 206;
the sampling circuit 102 acquires one or more of flow Q of protective gas introduced in unit time through the flow sensor 207, pressure P1 of the protective gas in the ventilation pipeline 206 through the pressure sensor 208 and/or length L data of the through hole 204;
the calculating unit 103 is used for obtaining a gas pressure P2 value in the submerged arc furnace through P2= P1-delta P according to the Q, L and/or P1 values obtained by the sampling circuit 102;
the human-computer interaction interface 104 displays data of the computing unit 103 and/or transmits operation instructions to the computing unit 103.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a means for measuring the length L of the through hole, the means being measured by ultrasound and/or radar, wherein the ultrasound is selected from the group consisting of ultrasound guided waves.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a control circuit I101 and a regulation loop; the control circuit I101 adjusts the flow Q and/or the pressure P1 by using a control device according to data and/or instructions of the computing unit 103; and the adjusting loop controls the lifting of the submerged arc furnace electrode according to the data and/or the instruction of the calculating unit 103, so that the submerged arc furnace electrode is displaced. Wherein, the adjusting circuit can comprise the control circuit II105 and/or one or more of an electric circuit, a hydraulic circuit 106 and a pneumatic circuit; and the control circuit II105 controls the electric circuit, the hydraulic circuit 106 and/or the pneumatic circuit to control the lifting of the electrode of the submerged arc furnace. For example, the control circuit II105 controls the hydraulic circuit 106 according to the data and/or the instruction of the computing unit 103, and controls the lift cylinder 210 and the band-type brake 211 of the submerged arc furnace electrode lifting system to displace the submerged arc furnace electrode.
Example two method for measuring gas pressure in submerged arc furnace
As shown in fig. 1, a support tube 205 is disposed in the through hole 204 of the electrode 201, the support tube 205 is made of steel, graphite (carbon) tube or ceramic material, including alumina, zirconia, magnesia, silicon carbide, molybdenum silicide, etc. monomer or mixture, etc., the shape of the support tube 205 is a square tube or a circular tube, the support tube 205 is connected by bolts or welded, and embedded in the self-baking electrode in advance, and the support tube 205 is consumed as the electrode 201 is consumed, and needs to be replenished continuously.
As shown in fig. 1: when the electrode 201 discharges to do work on the burden 203, the heat generated by the discharge doing work causes the burden to generate chemical reaction to generate gas, and the gas is accumulated to form a cavity 200. A through hole 204 is reserved or manufactured in the electrode 201, an air duct 206 is connected to the upper portion in the supporting tube 205, and protective gas such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, inert gas and the like is introduced into the air duct 206. A flow sensor 207 is mounted on the ventilation pipe 206 to measure the flow Q of the protective gas flowing into the pipe, a pressure sensor 208 measures the pressure P1 in the ventilation pipe 206, and the flow Q and the pressure P1 measured by the flow sensor 207 and the pressure sensor 208 are adjusted by a proportional valve 209.
Theoretical basis of foundation 1:
when the air permeability around the cavity 200 is deteriorated, the air pressure in the cavity 200 is increased, and the proportional valve 209 is closed, because the air pressure in the cavity 200 is slowly increased, the cavity 200, the vent pipe 206 and the through hole 204 can be regarded as a closed container in an approximate manner from an engineering technology, the protective gas with a certain flow rate is introduced according to pascal's law, when the diameters of the vent pipe 206 and the through hole 204 are determined, the flow rate Q of the protective gas, and the lengths L and Δ P of the vent pipe 206 and the through hole 204 have a corresponding relationship, and the length L of the through hole 204 is continuously changed along with the consumption of the electrode 201.
Theoretical basis of foundation 2:
the opening degree of the proportional valve 209 is controlled so that the flow rate of the shielding gas flowing through the ventilation duct 206 is maintained at a Q value within a certain range, and when the pressure difference between the pressure sensor 208 and the electrode end is Δ P = P1-P2, Δ P is also maintained when the flow rate Q is maintained. A mathematical model is established according to the corresponding relation between the length L0 of the vent pipeline with the fixed pipe diameter, the length L of the through hole, the flow Q and the pressure difference delta P by building a physical model test and the like.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the data is plotted into a table, and curve fitting is performed according to the table, so as to obtain the corresponding relationship between different through hole lengths L, different flow rates Q, and different pressure differences Δ P under a fixed pipe diameter.
In another embodiment provided by the invention, a difference method is adopted to calculate the corresponding relation between the flow Q and the pressure difference delta P under different through hole lengths L. For example, when the length L2 of the through hole and the flow rate of the shielding gas in the ventilation pipe 206 are Qn between Q6 and Q7, and the pressure value of the pressure sensor 208 is P1, Δ Pn2 at different flow rates Qn can be calculated by fitting by using the difference method (Qn-Q6)/(Q7-Q6) = (Δ Pn2- Δ P62)/(Δ P72- Δ P62); therefore, a fit line of Q (L) and delta P (L) under different through hole lengths L is obtained, and the pressure difference delta P can be quickly known through the fit line according to the actual value of the through hole length L and the actual flow rate Q of the protective gas in the ventilation pipeline 206.
In the actual use process, the corresponding relation data of the length L of the through hole, the flow Q and the pressure difference delta P are continuously accumulated through system feedback, the delta P which is continuously close to the true value is obtained, and the calculation precision is improved.
For example, the following steps are carried out:
TABLE 1 data sheet of Q (L) and Δ P (L) for different via lengths L
| L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | |
| Q1 | ΔP11 | ΔP12 | ΔP13 | ΔP14 | ΔP15 |
| Q2 | ΔP21 | ΔP22 | ΔP23 | ΔP24 | ΔP25 |
| Q3 | ΔP31 | ΔP32 | ΔP33 | ΔP34 | ΔP35 |
| Q4 | ΔP41 | ΔP42 | ΔP43 | ΔP44 | ΔP45 |
| Q5 | ΔP51 | ΔP52 | ΔP53 | ΔP54 | ΔP55 |
| Q6 | ΔP61 | ΔP62 | ΔP63 | ΔP64 | ΔP65 |
| Q7 | ΔP71 | ΔP72 | ΔP73 | ΔP74 | ΔP75 |
After the table is prepared and a curve is fitted, the pressure P2 value of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of the electrode can be quickly obtained according to P2= P1-delta P. For example, when the through hole length is L2 and the flow rate is Q6, P2= P1- Δ P62.
This way real time pressure data P2 of the cavity at the working end of the electrode can be obtained.
The mathematical modeling and/or the computer program can be realized by understanding the technical process disclosed by the patent of the invention, the known human-computer interaction and the cloud big data analysis programming.
EXAMPLE three method of adjusting gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace
And obtaining the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace by the measuring method of the second embodiment, and when the P2 is greater than a set value, accelerating the gas discharge in the submerged arc furnace in a linkage manner and reducing the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace. The linkage mode comprises a lifting system for controlling the electrode of the submerged arc furnace, so that the electrode of the submerged arc furnace moves, the material gap in the submerged arc furnace is enlarged, and gas overflows.
According to one embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the up-and-down motion of the lift cylinder 210 is controlled, so that the contracting brake 211 clamps the electrode 201 to move up and down, and the movement of the electrode 201 is used for expanding the material gap in the submerged arc furnace, for example, the gap formed by the up-and-down motion and the movement of the electrode 201 cause the material around the cavity 200 to fall, so as to recover the air permeability, and allow the gas to overflow. Through a simple technical scheme, serious safety accidents such as casualties, equipment damage and the like caused by furnace burden splashing caused by 'collapse' are avoided, and potential safety hazards are reduced.
Example four systems for measuring gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace
The system for measuring the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace provided by the invention adopts the measuring method in the second embodiment and the adjusting method in the third embodiment to measure and adjust the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes a ventilation tube 206, a flow sensor 207, a pressure sensor 208, a sampling circuit 102, a computing unit 103, and/or a human-machine interface 104. The calculation unit 103 is used for acquiring the flow rate Q of the protective gas introduced in unit time and the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipeline by using the sampling circuit 104, the flow sensor 207 and the pressure sensor 208; and obtaining the length L of the instant through hole by an accumulation method, a weighing method, a probe method, a magnetic induction method, an operating resistance estimation depth method, an ultrasonic wave and/or radar method, preferably an ultrasonic guided wave method, a radar method and the like. In one embodiment, the system further comprises a means for measuring the length L of the through hole, the means being measured by ultrasound and/or radar, wherein the ultrasound is selected from the group consisting of ultrasound guided waves.
The calculating unit 103 obtains a value of gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace through P2= P1- Δ P according to the values of Q, P1 and/or L obtained by the sampling circuit; and the human-computer interaction interface 104 is used for displaying the data of the computing unit 103 and transmitting an operation instruction to the computing unit 103.
In another embodiment provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the system further comprises a control circuit I101 and a regulation circuit, wherein the regulation circuit comprises a control circuit II105 and/or a hydraulic circuit 106. The control circuit I101 regulates the flow Q and/or the pressure P1 by using a control device according to data and/or instructions from the calculation unit 103. For example, the calculation unit 103 controls the proportional valve 209 through the control circuit I101 according to the instantaneous length L of the through hole, so that the flow Q and the pressure P1 of the shielding gas introduced into the ventilation pipeline 206 are maintained to be the Q value within a certain range, which is beneficial to improving the measurement accuracy.
And the control circuit II105 controls the hydraulic circuit 106 according to the data and/or the instruction of the computing unit 103, and controls the lifting of the electrode of the submerged arc furnace to enable the electrode of the submerged arc furnace to displace. For example, when the calculation unit 103 obtains that the value of the pressure P2 of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the electrode end is greater than the set value, the calculation unit 103 controls the hydraulic circuit 106 in the submerged arc furnace electrode lifting system through the control circuit II105 to realize the up-and-down movement of the lifting cylinder 210, so that the internal contracting brake 211 clamps the submerged arc furnace electrode 201 to move up and down, and the up-and-down movement of the electrode 201 is utilized to expand the material gap in the submerged arc furnace and form a gap between furnace materials, or the movement of the electrode 201 causes the material around the cavity 200 to fall, so as to recover the air permeability, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the material collapse caused by the gas sputtering of the submerged arc furnace.
It should be noted that the above summary and the detailed description are intended to demonstrate the practical application of the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Various modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention. The scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A method for measuring gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace is characterized in that a through hole is reserved or manufactured in an electrode of the submerged arc furnace, a vent pipeline is connected above the through hole, and protective gas is introduced into the vent pipeline;
measuring the flow Q of the protective gas introduced in unit time by adopting a flow sensor;
measuring the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipe by using a pressure sensor;
obtaining the length L of the through hole;
and in the process of continuous consumption of the submerged arc furnace electrode, according to the obtained length L of the through hole, the flow Q of the protective gas introduced in unit time and the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipe, building a physical model test, a mathematical modeling and/or a computer program to obtain the difference delta P between the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the vent pipe and the pressure P2 of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of the electrode, so as to obtain the pressure P2 of the reaction gas in the submerged arc furnace at the end part of the electrode.
2. The measurement method according to claim 1, wherein a support pipe is left in the through hole, and the air duct is connected to the support pipe.
3. The measurement method of claim 1, wherein the protective gas comprises one or more of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and an inert gas.
4. The method of measurement according to claim 1, wherein the length L of the via is obtained by methods including, but not limited to, accumulation, weighing, probe, magnetic induction, operating resistance estimation depth, ultrasound and/or radar.
5. The measurement method according to claim 4, wherein the length L of the through hole is obtained by a method selected from the group consisting of ultrasonic waves and radar methods, wherein the ultrasonic waves are selected from the group consisting of ultrasonic guided waves.
6. The measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the building physical model test, mathematical modeling and/or computer program, including but not limited to building parameter tables of L, Q, Δ P, and obtaining the parameter relationship between L, Q, Δ P within the application range by mathematical methods or computer program, including but not limited to difference method and/or fitting curve method.
7. The measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the flow Q and/or the pressure P1 are regulated using control means, including but not limited to proportional valves, solenoid valves, flow valves, pressure valves.
8. A method for adjusting the gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace, characterized in that the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace is obtained by the measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and when the gas pressure P2 is larger than a set value, the gas in the submerged arc furnace is accelerated to be discharged in a linkage manner, and the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace is reduced.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the linkage means includes controlling a lift system of the submerged arc furnace electrode to move the submerged arc furnace electrode to expand a gap between materials in the submerged arc furnace for gas to escape.
10. A system for measuring gas pressure in a submerged arc furnace, wherein the system obtains the gas pressure P2 in the submerged arc furnace by using the measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the system includes, but is not limited to, a ventilation conduit, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a sampling circuit, a computing unit, and/or a human-machine interface;
the ventilation pipeline penetrates through a through hole of the submerged arc furnace electrode, and protective gas is introduced into the ventilation pipeline;
the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are connected with the ventilation pipeline;
the sampling circuit acquires the flow Q of the protective gas introduced in unit time through the flow sensor, acquires the pressure P1 of the protective gas in the ventilation pipeline through the pressure sensor and/or acquires one or more of the length L data of the through hole;
the calculation unit obtains a value P2 of gas pressure in the submerged arc furnace through P2= P1-delta P according to the values Q, P1 and/or L obtained by the sampling circuit;
the man-machine interaction interface displays data of the computing unit and/or transmits operation instructions to the computing unit.
11. The measurement system according to claim 10, characterized in that it further comprises means for measuring the length L of the through-hole, said means being measured by ultrasound, selected from guided ultrasound waves, and/or by radar.
12. The measurement system of claim 10, wherein the system further comprises a control circuit I and an adjustment loop; the control circuit I adjusts the flow Q and/or the pressure P1 by using a control device according to the data and/or the instruction of the computing unit; and the adjusting loop controls the lifting of the submerged arc furnace electrode according to the data and/or the instruction of the computing unit so as to enable the submerged arc furnace electrode to displace.
13. The measuring system of claim 12, wherein the regulating circuit comprises a control circuit II and/or one or more of an electric circuit, a hydraulic circuit, a pneumatic circuit; and the control circuit II controls the electric circuit, the hydraulic circuit and/or the pneumatic circuit to control the lifting of the electrode of the submerged arc furnace.
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Application publication date: 20221018 Assignee: Guo Wenjuan Assignor: Beijing Super Test Intelligent System Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2022990000665 Denomination of invention: A method and system for measuring or regulating gas pressure in submerged arc furnace License type: Common License Record date: 20220920 |
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Inventor after: Zheng Yuanbin Inventor after: Zhai Haoan Inventor before: Zheng Yuanbin |