CN115178457B - Device and method for automatically sorting a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and label paper - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic sorting device and method for a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and label paper, comprising a vibrating chute, a spiral cylinder located at one side of the vibrating chute, a second discharge port at the bottom, a third discharge port at the top, a second feed port at the top of the second discharge port, one end of the second feed port extending below the first discharge port, and the other end connected to the spiral cylinder, a first blowing device between the second feed port and the second discharge port, the lower part of the second feed port is connected to a material distribution box, and a second blowing device is provided on the side wall of the material distribution box. The fragments are separated once on the vibrating chute to achieve a preliminary separation of particles and labels; the second separation is performed by the spiral cylinder body to achieve a separation of lighter label paper fragments and heavier bottle body fragments; the heavier bottle body fragments fall into the material distribution box below for a third separation, and the label fragments mixed in the bottle body fragments are re-separated, and a multiple separation structure is adopted to improve the sorting accuracy and efficiency.

Description

Device and method for automatically sorting a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and label paper

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of plastic classification and recycling equipment, and in particular to an automatic sorting device and method for a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and trademark paper.

Background technique

The amount of discarded plastics in my country is as high as 70% each year, while the plastic recycling rate only accounts for 20% of the total. A higher plastic decomposition rate and recycling rate are beneficial to the long-term national development strategy and also play a vital role in the sustainable development of the economy.

Chinese patent document CN 209718364 U, published on December 3, 2019, discloses a device for separating labels from recycled plastic fragments, including a separation box, a hopper is provided at the upper end of the separation box, a bracket is provided at the bottom, an isolation plate is provided at the bottom of the separation box to separate the separation box into a plastic cavity and a label cavity, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the plastic cavity and the label cavity, and at least two blanking plates are provided in the separation box along the height direction, the blanking plates are inclined, and an air inlet pipe is provided at the lower end of the blanking plate, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the air outlet of the blower, and the lower end of the upper blanking plate is arranged above the lower blanking plate, and the higher end of the blanking plate is arranged above the label cavity, and the lower end is arranged above the plastic cavity. Its feature is that the device can improve the separation rate and separation efficiency of the label; its disadvantage is that due to the short distance of the blanking plates, a large amount of plastic fragments are directly blown into the label cavity during the falling process of the plastic fragments, and the fragments in the label cavity need to be repeatedly separated, which affects the production efficiency.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology and provide an automatic sorting device for recyclable plastic fragments and trademark paper mixture with high sorting accuracy and high sorting efficiency.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sorting method using an automatic sorting device for a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and trademark paper.

In order to realize the above-mentioned technical features, the object of the present invention is realized as follows: an automatic sorting device for a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and trademark paper, which comprises a vibrating chute, a first feed port is provided at the upper end of the vibrating chute, a first discharge port is provided at the lower end, a spiral cylinder is located on one side of the vibrating chute, a second discharge port is provided at the bottom, a third discharge port is provided at the top, a second feed port is provided above the second discharge port, one end of the second feed port extends to the bottom of the first discharge port, and the other end is connected to the spiral cylinder, a first blowing device is provided between the second feed port and the second discharge port, the second discharge port has a taper, and the small head end is connected to the distribution box below, and the side wall of the distribution box is provided with a second blowing device; a spiral blade spirally installed and fixed around the inner wall of the spiral cylinder is provided in the spiral cylinder, and a channel running through from top to bottom is provided in the center of the spiral blade; the air outlet of the first blowing device is tangent to the spiral cylinder and connected to the spiral blade.

An air suction hood is provided on the upper part of the vibration chute, a perforated plate is provided in the middle of the vibration chute to divide the vibration chute into two layers, a slag discharge channel is formed at the bottom, a slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the slag discharge channel, and a vibration motor is installed at the bottom of the vibration chute.

The vibration chute is installed on the first bracket. A guide spring is provided at the upper end of the first bracket. Ear seats extend from both sides of the vibration chute and are connected to the guide springs.

The first air blowing device comprises a first air inlet connector tangentially connected to the spiral cylinder, the first air inlet connector extends into the spiral cylinder and is smoothly connected to the spiral blades, and the air outlet of the first fan is connected to the first air inlet connector.

A first transition joint is provided between the air outlet of the first fan and the first air inlet joint, wherein the large end of the first transition joint is connected to the air outlet of the first fan, and the small end is connected to the first air inlet joint.

The second air blowing device comprises a second fan installed on the side wall of the material distribution box, and the air outlet of the second fan is connected to the material distribution box.

The air outlet of the second fan is provided with a second transition joint which is connected to the material distribution box. The large end of the second transition joint is connected to the air outlet of the second fan, and the small end is connected to the material distribution box.

The material distribution box is provided with a filter screen at the other end of the second fan, and the filter screen is detachable.

The spiral cylinder and the first blowing device are mounted on the second bracket.

A separation method using an automatic separation device for separating a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and label paper, comprising the following steps:

S1. Put the material into the first feed port at the upper end of the vibration chute, turn on the vibration motor, and the vibration chute vibrates up and down under the action of the vibration motor. The material is gradually dispersed on the vibration chute. When the material passes through the suction hood, the smaller flake material is sucked away by the suction hood, and the smaller particle material falls from the orifice plate into the slag discharge channel and is then discharged through the slag discharge port;

S2. The material gradually disperses and falls from the first discharge port and flows into the spiral blades in the spiral cylinder through the second feed port;

S3. The first fan works, and the wind is strengthened by the first transition joint and blown into the spiral blades in the spiral cylinder. Under the action of the wind, the material makes a spiral upward motion on the spiral blades. The lighter label paper fragments fly out from the third discharge port at the top of the spiral cylinder, and the heavier bottle body fragments fall into the channel during the upward motion through the spiral blades, and then fall into the material distribution box;

S4. The second fan works, and the material moves in a parabolic motion under the action of wind. The lighter label paper fragments fly through the filter and out of the material distribution box, while the heavier bottle body fragments fall into the material distribution box under the action of gravity.

S5. Collect various types of debris by category, open the filter, and collect the debris in the material distribution box.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The fragments put into the vibrating chute are separated once on the vibrating chute to separate particles from fragments; the spiral cylinder is used for the second separation to separate the lighter label paper fragments from the heavier bottle body fragments; the heavier bottle body fragments fall into the material separation box below for the third separation, and the label fragments mixed in the bottle body fragments are separated again. The multiple separation structure is adopted to improve the sorting accuracy and efficiency.

2. A spiral blade is installed and fixed around the inner wall of the spiral cylinder, and the air inlet of the first blowing device is tangent to the spiral cylinder. Through the spiral structure, a cyclone is formed in the spiral cylinder. The fragments move around the inner wall of the spiral cylinder under the action of the cyclone, increasing the running path of the fragments. The wind force in the center of the cyclone is small, which is convenient for heavy fragments to fall.

3. The second discharge port has a taper, and the small end is connected to the distribution box below, so that when the second blowing device sends air into the distribution box, the pressure in the channel is balanced, so that the fragments in the channel can fall into the distribution box, and the wind will not enter from the second discharge port in the opposite direction during the process of the second blowing device sending air, causing the heavier fragments to be unable to fall or even fly out from the third discharge port.

4. The suction hood is connected to the negative pressure fan. The suction hood on the upper part of the vibrating chute absorbs the lighter label fragments, and the orifice plate below separates the particle fragments, forming a preliminary separation, which is convenient for more refined separation in the subsequent separation steps. The vibration motor makes the fragments spread evenly and slide downward and fall into the second feed port.

5. Setting the first transition joint and changing the size of the air outlet not only facilitates the connection with the first air inlet joint, but also reduces the wind resistance at the joint while increasing the air pressure of the first fan; setting the second transition joint and changing the size of the air outlet facilitates the connection with the second transition joint, forming a flat and wide wind knife structure, making the wind and the distribution box the same width, so that the fragments falling into the distribution box can be separated immediately, and reducing the wind resistance at the joint.

6. The material distribution box is located at the other end of the second fan and is provided with a filter screen to further separate the fragments that fall into the material distribution box; the filter screen is detachable to facilitate the removal of the fragments in the material distribution box.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A in Fig. 3.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure from another viewing angle of the present invention.

In the figure: a vibrating chute 10, a first feed port 11, a first discharge port 12, a perforated plate 13, an air suction hood 14, a first bracket 15, a guide spring 16, a vibrating motor 17, a slag discharge channel 18, a slag discharge port 19, a second bracket 20, a spiral cylinder 21, a second discharge port 211, a second feed port 212, a third discharge port 213, a first air inlet joint 22, a first transition joint 221, a first fan 23, a second transition joint 24, a second fan 25, a distribution box 26, a filter screen 27, a spiral blade 28, and a channel 29.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1:

Referring to Fig. 1-5, an automatic sorting device for recyclable plastic fragments and trademark paper mixtures comprises a vibrating chute 10, wherein the upper end of the vibrating chute 10 is provided with a first feed port 11, and the lower end is provided with a first discharge port 12, a spiral cylinder 21 is located at one side of the vibrating chute 10, the bottom is provided with a second discharge port 211, the top is provided with a third discharge port 213, a second feed port 212 is provided above the second discharge port 211, one end of the second feed port 212 extends to the lower side of the first discharge port 12, and the other end is connected to the spiral cylinder 21. The spiral cylinder 21 is connected, and a first blowing device is arranged between the second feeding port 212 and the second discharging port 211. The second discharging port 211 has a taper, and the small end is connected to the sub-box 26 below. The side wall of the sub-box 26 is provided with a second blowing device; the spiral cylinder 21 is provided with a spiral blade 28 which is spirally installed and fixed around the inner wall of the spiral cylinder 21, and the center of the spiral blade 28 has a vertically penetrating channel 29; the air outlet of the first blowing device is tangent to the spiral cylinder 21 and connected to the spiral blade 28. Through the above scheme, the fragments put into the vibrating chute 10 are separated once on the vibrating chute 10 to achieve the initial separation of particles and fragments; the second separation is carried out by the spiral cylinder 21 to achieve the separation of lighter label paper fragments and heavier bottle body fragments; the heavier bottle body fragments fall into the sub-box 26 below for the third separation, and the label fragments mixed in the bottle body fragments are re-separated. The multiple separation structure is adopted to improve the sorting accuracy and sorting efficiency. A spiral blade 28 is provided in the spiral cylinder 21 and is fixedly installed around the inner wall of the spiral cylinder 21. The air inlet of the first air blowing device is tangent to the spiral cylinder 21. Through the spiral structure, a cyclone is formed in the spiral cylinder 21. The fragments move around the inner wall of the spiral cylinder 21 under the action of the cyclone, increasing the running path of the fragments. According to the size of the crushed fragments, the air volume of the air inlet of the first air blowing device is adjusted. The heavier bottle body fragments fall into the channel 29 at the center of the spiral blade 28 during rotation. The wind force in the channel 29 is less than the wind force in the spiral blade 28, so the heavier bottle body fragments fall into the distribution box 26. Furthermore, the spiral blade 28 is located on one side of the channel 29 and is slightly tilted downward to facilitate the sliding of heavier fragments. The second blowing device will re-separate the fragments in the distribution box 26. Since the second discharge port 211 has a taper, the small head end is connected to the distribution box 26 below, so that the pressure in the channel 29 is balanced during the second blowing device sending air into the distribution box 26, so that the fragments in the channel 29 can fall into the distribution box 26, and the wind will not enter from the second discharge port 211 in the opposite direction during the second blowing device sending air, causing the heavier fragments to be unable to fall or even fly out from the third discharge port 213.

In the preferred solution, referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 4, an air suction hood 14 is provided on the upper part of the vibrating chute 10, and a perforated plate 13 is provided in the middle of the vibrating chute 10, which divides the vibrating chute 10 into two layers, a slag discharge channel 18 is formed at the bottom, and a slag discharge port 19 is provided at the bottom of the slag discharge channel 18, and a vibration motor 17 is installed at the bottom of the vibrating chute 10. The air suction hood 14 is provided on the upper part of the vibrating chute 10 to perform preliminary separation of the fragments on the vibrating chute 10, thereby reducing the pressure of the subsequent process. Preferably, the air suction hood 14 is connected to the negative pressure fan, and the air suction hood 14 on the upper part of the vibrating chute 10 sucks away the lighter label fragments, and the perforated plate 13 below separates the particle fragments, forming a preliminary separation, which is convenient for a more refined separation in the subsequent separation step. The vibration motor 17 spreads the fragments evenly and slides downward, falling into the second feed port 212. The vibrating chute 10 can be integrated with the spiral cylinder 21, for example, fixed to the spiral cylinder 21 by a soft connection, or it can be separated and independent.

Furthermore, the vibration chute 10 and the spiral cylinder 21 are separate and independent. The vibration chute 10 is mounted on the first bracket 15, and a guide spring 16 is provided at the upper end of the first bracket 15. Ear seats extend from both sides of the vibration chute 10 and are connected to the guide spring 16. A guide column structure is provided inside the guide spring 16 to prevent vibration from detaching. The vibration motor 17 acts on the vibration chute 10 and vibrates uniformly under the amplitude of the guide spring 16.

In a preferred embodiment, the first blowing device includes a first air inlet connector 22 tangentially connected to the spiral cylinder 21, the first air inlet connector 22 extends into the spiral cylinder 21 and smoothly connects with the spiral blade 28, and the air outlet of the first fan 23 is connected to the first air inlet connector 22. The fan structure is simple and convenient for installation as a set. An air compressor can also be used for batch air supply. The first air inlet connector 22 is tangentially connected to the spiral cylinder 21, and the first air inlet connector 22 extends into the spiral cylinder 21 and smoothly connects with the spiral blade 28, so that the wind force is concentrated on the spiral blade 28. The high-speed wind generated by the first fan 23 generates a whirlwind in the spiral cylinder 21 under the guidance of the spiral blade 28, and heavy objects fall, and light fragments rise along the spiral blade 28 and are discharged. Preferably, the first fan 23 is a centrifugal wind, and its air volume is adjusted by a frequency converter.

Furthermore, a first transition joint 221 is provided between the air outlet of the first fan 23 and the first air inlet joint 22, the large end of the first transition joint 221 is connected to the air outlet of the first fan 23, and the small end is connected to the first air inlet joint 22. Changing the size of the air outlet has two functions: first, it is convenient to connect with the first air inlet joint 22, and second, it is to reduce the wind resistance at the joint while increasing the air pressure of the first fan 23.

In a preferred solution, the second blowing device includes a second fan 25 installed on the side wall of the material distribution box 26, and the air outlet of the second fan 25 is connected to the material distribution box 26. The fan structure is simple and convenient for complete installation. Preferably, the first fan 23 is a centrifugal wind, and its air volume is adjusted by a frequency converter.

Furthermore, the air outlet of the second fan 25 is provided with a second transition joint 24 which is connected to the material distribution box 26. The large end of the second transition joint 24 is connected to the air outlet of the second fan 25, and the small end is connected to the material distribution box 26. The size of the air outlet is changed to facilitate the connection with the second transition joint 24, forming a flat and wide wind knife structure, so that the wind is the same width as the material distribution box 26, and the fragments falling into the material distribution box 26 can be separated immediately, and the wind resistance at the joint is reduced.

In a preferred solution, the material distribution box 26 is provided with a filter 27 at the other end of the second fan 25 to further separate the fragments falling into the material distribution box 26; the filter 27 is detachable to facilitate the removal of the fragments in the material distribution box 26.

In a preferred solution, the spiral cylinder 21 and the first blowing device are mounted on the second bracket 20. The structure of the lifting device is stable to prevent tipping during use.

Embodiment 2:

A separation method using an automatic separation device for separating a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and label paper, comprising the following steps:

S1. Put the material into the first feed port 11 at the upper end of the vibration chute 10, turn on the vibration motor 17, and the vibration chute 10 vibrates up and down under the action of the vibration motor 17. The material is gradually dispersed on the vibration chute 10. When the material passes through the suction hood 14, the smaller flake material is sucked away by the suction hood 14, and the smaller particle material falls from the orifice plate 13 into the slag discharge channel 18, and then discharged through the slag discharge port 19 at the lower end of the bottom;

S2. The material gradually disperses and falls from the first discharge port 12 and flows into the spiral blade 28 in the spiral cylinder 21 through the second feed port 212;

S3. The first fan 23 works, and the wind is strengthened by the first transition joint 221 and blown into the spiral blade 28 in the spiral cylinder 21. Under the action of the wind, the material makes a spiral upward motion on the spiral blade 28, and the lighter label paper fragments fly out from the third discharge port 213 at the top of the spiral cylinder 21, and the heavier bottle body fragments fall into the channel 29 during the upward movement through the spiral blade 28, and then fall into the material distribution box 26;

S4. The second fan 25 works, the material moves in a parabolic motion under the action of wind, the lighter label paper fragments fly through the filter 27, fly out of the material box 26, and the heavier bottle fragments fall under the action of gravity inside the material box 26;

S5. Classify and collect various types of debris, open the filter 27, and collect the debris in the material distribution box 26.

Working process and principle of the present invention:

The material is put into the first feed port 11 at the upper end of the vibration chute 10, and the vibration motor 17 is turned on. The vibration chute 10 vibrates up and down under the action of the vibration motor 17, and the material is gradually dispersed on the vibration chute 10. When the material passes through the suction hood 14, the smaller flake material is sucked away by the suction hood 14, and the smaller granular material falls into the slag discharge channel 18 from the orifice plate 13, and then discharged through the bottom lower end slag discharge port 19. The material gradually disperses and falls from the first discharge port 12, and flows into the spiral blade 28 in the spiral cylinder 21 through the second feed port 212. The wind of the first fan 23 is strengthened by the first transition joint 221 and blown into the spiral blade 28 in the spiral cylinder 21. Under the action of wind force, the material makes a spiral upward motion on the spiral blade 28, and the lighter label paper fragments fly out from the third discharge port 213 at the top of the spiral cylinder 21. The heavier bottle body fragments fall into the channel 29 during the upward movement through the spiral blade 28, and then fall into the material distribution box 26. The material moves in a parabolic motion under the action of the wind force of the second fan 25. The lighter label paper fragments fly through the filter 27 and fly out of the material distribution box 26. The heavier bottle body fragments fall into the material distribution box 26 under the action of gravity. The various fragments are collected by classification, and the filter 27 is opened to collect the fragments in the material distribution box 26.

Claims (4)

1. An automatic sorting device for a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and trademark paper, characterized in that: it comprises a vibrating chute (10), the upper end of the vibrating chute (10) is provided with a first feed port (11), the lower end of the vibrating chute (10) is provided with a first discharge port (12), a spiral cylinder (21) is located on one side of the vibrating chute (10), the bottom is provided with a second discharge port (211), the top is provided with a third discharge port (213), a second feed port (212) is provided above the second discharge port (211), one end of the second feed port (212) extends to the bottom of the first discharge port (12), and the other end is connected to the spiral cylinder (21) The spiral cylinder (21) is connected to the spiral cylinder (21), a first blowing device is provided between the second feeding port (212) and the second discharging port (211), the second discharging port (211) has a taper, and the small end is communicated with the distribution box (26) below, and the side wall of the distribution box (26) is provided with a second blowing device; a spiral blade (28) is provided in the spiral cylinder (21) and is spirally installed and fixed around the inner wall of the spiral cylinder (21), and a channel (29) is provided in the center of the spiral blade (28) and is connected to the upper and lower sides; the air outlet of the first blowing device is tangent to the spiral cylinder (21) and is connected to the spiral blade (28); The second air blowing device comprises a second fan (25) installed on the side wall of the material distribution box (26), the air outlet of the second fan (25) being connected to the material distribution box (26), and the second air blowing device balances the pressure in the channel (29) during the process of sending air into the material distribution box (26), so that the fragments in the channel (29) can fall into the material distribution box (26); The air outlet of the second fan (25) is provided with a second transition joint (24) which is connected to the material distribution box (26); the large end of the second transition joint (24) is connected to the air outlet of the second fan (25), and the small end is connected to the material distribution box (26); the material distribution box (26) is connected to the second transition joint (24), forming a flat and wide wind knife structure, so that the wind and the material distribution box (26) have the same width; An air suction hood (14) is provided at the top of the vibration chute (10), a perforated plate (13) is provided in the middle of the vibration chute (10), the vibration chute (10) is divided into two layers, a slag discharge channel (18) is formed at the bottom, a slag discharge port (19) is provided at the bottom of the slag discharge channel (18), and a vibration motor (17) is installed at the bottom of the vibration chute (10); The first air blowing device comprises a first air inlet connector (22) tangentially connected to the spiral cylinder (21), the first air inlet connector (22) extending into the spiral cylinder (21) and smoothly transitioningly connected to the spiral blade (28), and an air outlet of the first fan (23) is connected to the first air inlet connector (22); A first transition joint (221) is provided between the air outlet of the first fan (23) and the first air inlet joint (22), the large end of the first transition joint (221) being connected to the air outlet of the first fan (23), and the small end being connected to the first air inlet joint (22); The material distribution box (26) is provided with a filter screen (27) at the other end of the second fan (25), and the filter screen (27) is detachable. 2. An automatic sorting device for a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and trademark paper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vibrating chute (10) is installed on a first bracket (15), a guide spring (16) is provided at the upper end of the first bracket (15), and ears extend from both sides of the vibrating chute (10) and are connected to the guide springs (16). 3. The automatic sorting device for a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and trademark paper according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral cylinder (21) and the first blowing device are installed on the second bracket (20). 4. A method for sorting a mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and trademark paper using the automatic sorting device for sorting the mixture of recyclable plastic fragments and trademark paper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1. Materials are placed in the first feed port (11) at the upper end of the vibrating chute (10), and the vibrating motor (17) is turned on. The vibrating chute (10) vibrates up and down under the action of the vibrating motor (17), and the materials are gradually dispersed on the vibrating chute (10). When the materials pass through the suction hood (14), the flake materials with smaller sizes are sucked away by the suction hood (14), and the granular materials with smaller sizes fall from the orifice plate (13) into the slag discharge channel (18), and then are discharged through the slag discharge port (19); S2. The material gradually disperses and falls from the first discharge port (12), flows into the spiral blade (28) in the spiral cylinder (21) through the second feed port (212); S3. The first fan (23) is in operation. The wind force is strengthened by the first transition joint (221) and then blown into the spiral blades (28) in the spiral cylinder (21). Under the action of the wind force, the material moves upward on the spiral blades (28). The lighter label paper fragments fly out from the third discharge port (213) at the top of the spiral cylinder (21). The heavier bottle body fragments fall into the channel (29) while moving upward through the spiral blades (28), and then fall into the material distribution box (26). S4. The second fan (25) is working, and the material moves in a parabolic motion under the action of wind. The lighter label paper fragments fly through the filter (27) and fly out of the material distribution box (26). The heavier bottle body fragments fall into the inside of the material distribution box (26) under the action of gravity. S5. Classify and collect various types of debris, open the filter (27), and collect the debris in the material distribution box (26).