CN115169045B - Design method of inlet throttling device to improve the uniformity of internal flow field in fan performance test - Google Patents
Design method of inlet throttling device to improve the uniformity of internal flow field in fan performance test Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于通风机性能测试技术领域，具体涉及改善风机性能试验内部流场均匀性的进口节流装置设计方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of fan performance testing, and in particular relates to a method for designing an inlet throttling device for improving the uniformity of an internal flow field in a fan performance test.
背景技术Background technique
通风机作为工业生产中的重要设备，在电力、化工、农业、能源、冶炼、造纸以及环保等众多领域都有应用，是众多行业安全生产的关键设备，同时也是主要的能耗设备。通风机性能试验是风机设计、生产、检验中必不可少的一环，因此通风机性能试验的准确性尤为重要。As an important equipment in industrial production, ventilators are used in many fields such as electric power, chemical industry, agriculture, energy, smelting, papermaking, and environmental protection. They are key equipment for safe production in many industries and are also major energy-consuming equipment. Ventilator performance testing is an essential part of fan design, production, and inspection, so the accuracy of ventilator performance testing is particularly important.
目前，我国风机性能试验测试依据《GB/T 1236-2017/ISO 5801工业通风机用标准化风道性能试验》标准进行。其中C型试验装置为管道进口、自由出口，是目前较为常用的测试方法之一。该方法包括五种流量测量手段，分别为：采用锥形或者弧形进口测定流量、采用带有壁测孔的进口孔板测定流量、采用带有D和0.5D(D为管道直径)壁测孔的管道内孔板测定流量、采用毕托静压管横动法测定流量。At present, my country's fan performance tests are conducted in accordance with the "GB/T 1236-2017/ISO 5801 Standardized Air Duct Performance Test for Industrial Ventilators" standard. Among them, the C-type test device has a pipeline inlet and a free outlet, which is one of the more commonly used testing methods at present. This method includes five flow measurement methods, which are: using a tapered or arc-shaped inlet to measure flow, using an inlet orifice plate with wall measuring holes to measure flow, and using a wall measuring device with D and 0.5D (D is the diameter of the pipe). The flow rate is measured using the orifice plate inside the pipe and the Bitot static pressure tube traverse method is used to measure the flow rate.
毕托静压管横动法测定流量具有耐高温高压、安装简便、测量范围广、对介质管道截面的几何形状无要求、适用范围更广等优点。毕托静压管横动法测定流量过程中，需要通过进口节流装置进行截流以改变风机运行工况，进口节流装置对管道内的流场均匀性具有重要影响，进而影响流量的测试精度。然而，目前《GB/T 1236-2017/ISO 5801工业通风机用标准化风道性能试验》中缺乏进口节流装置的设计方法。针对国标中进口节流装置设计方法缺失的问题，提出一种改善试验测量截面流场均匀性的进口节流装置设计方法，以提高流量测试的准确性，对风机性能的准确评估具有重要意义。The flow rate measurement by the Pitot-static tube transverse motion method has the advantages of high temperature and high pressure resistance, easy installation, wide measurement range, no requirements on the geometric shape of the medium pipeline cross section, and a wider range of applications. In the process of measuring the flow rate by the Pitot-static tube transverse motion method, it is necessary to use an inlet throttling device to cut off the flow to change the operating conditions of the fan. The inlet throttling device has an important influence on the uniformity of the flow field in the pipeline, which in turn affects the test accuracy of the flow rate. However, the current "GB/T 1236-2017/ISO 5801 Standardized Duct Performance Test for Industrial Fans" lacks a design method for the inlet throttling device. In view of the problem of the lack of inlet throttling device design method in the national standard, a design method for an inlet throttling device to improve the uniformity of the flow field in the test measurement section is proposed to improve the accuracy of the flow test, which is of great significance for the accurate evaluation of fan performance.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供改善风机性能试验内部流场均匀性的进口节流装置设计方法，解决了现有风机性能试验中进口管道试验测量截面流场不均匀的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a design method for an inlet throttling device that improves the uniformity of the flow field inside the fan performance test, and solves the problem of uneven flow field in the inlet pipe test measurement section in the existing fan performance test.
本发明所采用的技术方案是，改善风机性能试验内部流场均匀性的进口节流装置设计方法，具体按照以下步骤实施：The technical solution adopted by the present invention is to design a method for inlet throttling device to improve the uniformity of the flow field inside the fan performance test, which is specifically implemented in accordance with the following steps:
步骤1、建立改型进口节流装置的几何模型，改型进口节流装置包括设置在管道进口处的节流锥型线段，进口处还设置有翻边圆弧线段，翻边圆弧线段与管道进口相切；管道上还设置有出口，管道内部设置有整流器，位于整流器与出口之间的管道上设置有流量测量截面；其中，管道内径为D；Step 1. Establish a geometric model of the modified inlet throttling device. The modified inlet throttling device includes a throttling tapered line segment set at the pipe inlet. There is also a flanging arc segment at the inlet. The flanging arc line segment is The pipe inlet is tangent; the pipe is also provided with an outlet; a rectifier is provided inside the pipe; a flow measurement section is provided on the pipe between the rectifier and the outlet; where the inner diameter of the pipe is D;
步骤2、对节流锥型线段及下游的风机进口管道进行数值模拟，并采用不均匀度M对节流锥型线段进行性能评价，选取M值最小的型线作为最优节流锥型段，进而得到最优结构参数。Step 2: Carry out numerical simulation on the throttle cone line segment and the downstream fan inlet duct, and use the non-uniformity M to evaluate the performance of the throttle cone line segment, and select the line with the smallest M value as the optimal throttling cone section. , and then obtain the optimal structural parameters.
本发明的特点还在于，The present invention is also characterized in that,
步骤1中，整流器的长度是管道内径的2倍，流量测量截面与出口之间的距离为D；翻边圆弧线段的半径为0.25D。In step 1, the length of the rectifier is twice the inner diameter of the pipe, the distance between the flow measurement section and the outlet is D; the radius of the flanging arc segment is 0.25D.
步骤1中，节流锥型线段采取三段圆弧进行设计组合，保证每段圆弧连接满足一节连续；三段圆弧分别为Arc1、Arc2和Arc3，Arc1、Arc2和Arc3的圆心位置分别为O1(x1，y1)、O2(x2，y2)、O3(x3，y3)，半径分别为R1、R2、R3，圆心角分别为θ1、θ2、θ3；In step 1, the throttle cone-shaped line segment is designed and combined with three arcs to ensure that each arc connection is continuous; the three arcs are Arc1, Arc2 and Arc3, and the center positions of Arc1, Arc2 and Arc3 are respectively are O 1 (x 1 , y 1 ), O 2 (x 2 , y 2 ), and O 3 (x 3 , y 3 ), the radii are R1, R2, and R3 respectively, and the central angles are θ 1 , θ 2 , and θ 3 ;
三段圆弧的圆心取值范围分别为：0<x1<2D，0<y1<2D，0<x2<1D，0<y2<1D，0<x3<1D，0<y3<1D，0.5D<x1+x2+x3<2.5D，0.5D<y1+y2+y3<2.5D；三段圆弧的半径范围为0.2D～1.5D，圆心角范围为30°～60°。The value ranges of the center points of the three arcs are: 0<x 1 <2D, 0<y 1 <2D, 0<x 2 <1D, 0<y 2 <1D, 0<x 3 <1D, 0<y 3 <1D, 0.5D<x 1 +x 2 +x 3 <2.5D, 0.5D<y 1 +y 2 +y 3 <2.5D; the radius range of the three arcs is 0.2D～1.5D, the central angle The range is 30°～60°.
步骤2中，数值模拟时，通过流体力学软件ANSYS CFX对管道进口进行数值模拟，进口边界条件为总压，出口边界条件为质量流量，壁面设置为绝热无滑移边界，获得管道的压力云图、速度云图、流线图以及流量测量截面上的速度参数。In step 2, during the numerical simulation, the fluid mechanics software ANSYS CFX is used to numerically simulate the pipeline inlet. The inlet boundary condition is the total pressure, the outlet boundary condition is the mass flow rate, and the wall is set to an adiabatic no-slip boundary to obtain the pressure cloud diagram of the pipeline. Velocity contours, streamline diagrams, and velocity parameters on flow measurement sections.
步骤2中，采用不均匀度M对节流锥型线段进行性能评价，如式(1)所示：In step 2, the non-uniformity M is used to evaluate the performance of the throttle cone segment, as shown in equation (1):
式(1)中，n为流量测量截面上数据点的个数；为截面上的平均轴向速度；ui为各数据点处的轴向速度。In formula (1), n is the number of data points on the flow measurement section; is the average axial velocity on the cross section; ui is the axial velocity at each data point.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明针对风机进口管道试验测量截面流场不均匀问题，通过对进口节流装置型线的设计与优化，消除了管道进口旋涡，使得气体更加均匀地进入风机管道，从而提升了试验测量截面的均匀性，减少流量测量误差，提高测量精度。因此，通过进口节流装置的改型设计提高风机性能试验测试装置内部流场均匀性，对风机性能的准确评估具有重要意义。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention aims at the problem of uneven flow field in the test measurement section of the fan inlet pipe. Through the design and optimization of the profile of the inlet throttling device, the pipe inlet vortex is eliminated, allowing the gas to enter the fan pipe more uniformly. This improves the uniformity of the test measurement section, reduces flow measurement errors, and improves measurement accuracy. Therefore, improving the uniformity of the flow field inside the fan performance test device through the modified design of the inlet throttling device is of great significance for the accurate evaluation of fan performance.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是原型进口节流装置示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the prototype inlet throttling device;
图2是风机性能试验的改型进口节流装置示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the modified inlet throttling device for fan performance testing;
图3是本发明方法中的改型进口节流装置的节流锥型线段示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the throttling cone segment of the modified inlet throttling device in the method of the present invention;
图4是不同进口节流锥开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置的损失特性图；Figure 4 is a diagram of the loss characteristics of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device under different inlet throttling cone openings;
图5是不同进口节流锥开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置的流量测量截面速度不均匀度图；Figure 5 is a flow measurement cross-sectional velocity non-uniformity diagram of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device under different inlet throttling cone openings;
图6(a)是进口节流锥100％开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置流量测量截面的压力云图(一)；Figure 6(a) is the pressure cloud diagram (1) of the flow measurement section of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device with the inlet throttling cone 100% opening;
图6(b)是进口节流锥90％开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置流量测量截面的压力云图(二)；Figure 6(b) is the pressure cloud diagram (2) of the flow measurement section of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device at 90% opening of the inlet throttling cone;
图6(c)是进口节流锥开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置流量测量截面的压力云图(三)；Figure 6(c) is the pressure cloud diagram (3) of the flow measurement section of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device under the inlet throttling cone opening;
图7(a)是进口节流锥100％开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置流量测量截面的速度云图；(一)；Figure 7(a) is the velocity cloud diagram of the flow measurement section of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device at 100% opening of the inlet throttling cone; (1);
图7(b)是进口节流锥90％开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置流量测量截面的速度云图(二)；Figure 7(b) is the velocity cloud diagram (2) of the flow measurement section of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device at 90% opening of the inlet throttling cone;
图7(c)是进口节流锥80％开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置流量测量截面的速度云图(三)；Figure 7(c) is the velocity cloud diagram (3) of the flow measurement section of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device at 80% opening of the inlet throttling cone;
图8(a)是进口节流锥100％开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置的进口流线图(一)；Figure 8(a) is the inlet streamline diagram (1) of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device with the inlet throttling cone 100% opening;
图8(b)是进口节流锥90％开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置的进口流线图(二)；Figure 8(b) is the inlet streamline diagram (2) of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device at 90% opening of the inlet throttling cone;
图8(c)是进口节流锥80％开度下原型进口节流装置和改型进口节流装置的进口流线图(三)。Figure 8(c) is the inlet streamline diagram (3) of the prototype inlet throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device with the inlet throttling cone at 80% opening.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明改善风机性能试验内部流场均匀性的进口节流装置设计方法，具体按照以下步骤实施：The design method of the inlet throttling device of the present invention to improve the uniformity of the internal flow field in the fan performance test is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
步骤1、基于《GB/T 1236-2017/ISO 5801工业通风机用标准化风道性能试验》中C型试验装置的进口管道(图1)，建立改型进口节流装置的几何模型，如图2所示，改型进口节流装置包括设置在管道进口处的节流锥型线段，进口处还设置有翻边圆弧线段，翻边圆弧线段与管道进口相切；Step 1. Based on the inlet duct of the Type C test device in "GB/T 1236-2017/ISO 5801 Standardized Air Duct Performance Test for Industrial Ventilators" (Figure 1), establish a geometric model of the modified inlet throttling device, as shown in Figure As shown in 2, the modified inlet throttling device includes a throttling cone-shaped line segment set at the pipeline inlet, and a flanging arc line segment is also provided at the inlet, and the flanging arc line segment is tangent to the pipeline inlet;
设计管道翻边型线时，参照《GB/T 1236-2017/ISO 5801工业通风机用标准化风道性能试验》中标准设计管道的翻边型线，翻边为四分之一圆弧，圆弧的半径为0.25D，D为管道内径；When designing the flanging profile of the pipe, refer to the standard design flanging profile of the pipe in "GB/T 1236-2017/ISO 5801 Standardized Air Duct Performance Test for Industrial Ventilators". The flanging is a quarter arc and a circle. The radius of the arc is 0.25D, and D is the inner diameter of the pipe;
管道上还设置有出口，管道内部设置有整流器，整流器的长度是管道内径的2倍，位于整流器与出口之间的管道上设置有流量测量截面，流量测量截面与出口之间的距离为D；整流器与节流锥型线段之间的最短间距为2D；There is also an outlet on the pipeline, and a rectifier is installed inside the pipeline. The length of the rectifier is twice the inner diameter of the pipeline. There is a flow measurement section on the pipeline between the rectifier and the outlet. The distance between the flow measurement section and the outlet is D; The shortest distance between the rectifier and the throttle cone segment is 2D;
气体(从)径向进气，从进口进入管道流经节流锥型线段，经过星型整流器，流过测量截面，最后经过出口。The gas enters radially (from), enters the pipe from the inlet, flows through the throttling cone segment, passes through the star rectifier, flows through the measurement section, and finally passes through the outlet.
如图3所示，节流锥型线段采取三段呈对称设置的圆弧进行设计组合，保证每段圆弧连接满足一阶连续；As shown in Figure 3, the throttling cone line segment is designed and combined with three symmetrically arranged arcs to ensure that the connection of each arc meets the first-order continuity;
三段圆弧分别为Arc1、Arc2和Arc3组成，如图3所示，Arc1、Arc2和Arc3的圆心位置分别为O1(x1，y1)、O2(x2，y2)、O3(x3，y3)，半径分别为R1、R2、R3，圆心角分别为θ1、θ2、θ3；The three arcs are composed of Arc1, Arc2 and Arc3 respectively. As shown in Figure 3, the center positions of Arc1, Arc2 and Arc3 are O 1 (x 1 , y 1 ), O 2 (x 2 , y 2 ), O respectively. 3 (x 3 , y 3 ), the radii are R1, R2, R3 respectively, and the central angles are θ 1 , θ 2 and θ 3 respectively;
三段圆弧的圆心取值范围分别为：0<x1<2D，0<y1<2D，0<x2<1D，0<y2<1D，0<x3<1D，0<y3<1D，0.5D<x1+x2+x3<2.5D，0.5D<y1+y2+y3<2.5D；The value ranges of the center points of the three arcs are: 0<x 1 <2D, 0<y 1 <2D, 0<x 2 <1D, 0<y 2 <1D, 0<x 3 <1D, 0<y 3 <1D, 0.5D <x 1 +x 2 +x 3 <2.5D, 0.5D <y 1 +y 2 +y 3 <2.5D;
三段圆弧的半径范围为0.2D～1.5D，圆心角范围为30°～60°；The radius of the three arcs ranges from 0.2D to 1.5D, and the central angle ranges from 30° to 60°;
节流锥型线段据管道进口距离为L，L可调。定义节流锥开度100％开度L＝LA0(LA0＝0.75D)，改型管道节流锥90％开度LA＝0.9LA0，节流锥80％开度L＝0.8LA0；改型管道节流锥100％开度LB＝LB0(LB0＝0.5D)，改型管道节流锥90％开度LB＝0.9LB0，改型管道节流锥80％开度LB＝0.8LB0；The distance between the throttling cone-shaped line segment and the pipe inlet is L, and L is adjustable. Define the 100% opening of the throttle cone L = L A0 (L A0 = 0.75D), the 90% opening of the modified pipeline throttle cone L A = 0.9L A0 , and the 80% opening of the throttle cone L = 0.8L A0 ; modified pipeline throttle cone 100% opening L B = L B0 (L B0 = 0.5D), modified pipeline throttle cone 90% opening L B = 0.9L B0 , modified pipeline throttle cone 80% Opening L B =0.8L B0 ;
步骤2、对节流锥型线段及下游风机进口管道进行数值模拟，并采用流量测量截面的不均匀度M对节流锥型线段的性能进行评价，选取M值最小的型线作为最优节流锥型段，进而得到最优结构参数；Step 2: Carry out numerical simulation on the throttling cone line segment and the downstream fan inlet duct, and use the unevenness M of the flow measurement section to evaluate the performance of the throttling cone line segment, and select the line with the smallest M value as the optimal section. flow cone section, and then obtain the optimal structural parameters;
数值模拟时，通过流体力学软件ANSYS CFX对风机进口管道进行数值模拟，进口边界条件为总压，出口边界条件为质量流量，壁面设置为绝热无滑移边界，获得管道的压力云图、速度云图、流线图以及流量测量截面上的速度参数。During the numerical simulation, the fluid mechanics software ANSYS CFX was used to numerically simulate the fan inlet pipe. The inlet boundary condition was the total pressure, the outlet boundary condition was the mass flow rate, and the wall was set to an adiabatic no-slip boundary. The pressure cloud map, velocity cloud map, and Streamline diagram and velocity parameters on the flow measurement section.
采用不均匀度对节流锥型线段的性能进行评价，不均匀度依据相对标准偏差概念来定义，如式(1)所示：The performance of the throttle cone segment is evaluated using non-uniformity. The non-uniformity is defined based on the concept of relative standard deviation, as shown in equation (1):
式(1)中，n为流量测量截面上数据点的个数；为截面上的平均轴向速度；ui为各数据点处的轴向速度。In formula (1), n is the number of data points on the flow measurement section; is the average axial velocity on the section; u i is the axial velocity at each data point.
确定的最优结构参数如表1所示；The determined optimal structural parameters are shown in Table 1;
表1进口节流锥的最优结构参数Table 1 Optimal structural parameters of inlet throttling cone
实施例Example
本实施例以《GB/T 1236-2017/ISO 5801工业通风机用标准化风道性能试验》中C型试验装置标准管道为例，管道直径0.78m，通过ANSYS CFX软件对风机进口管道进行数值模拟，对进口节流锥型线进行优化设计得到最优参数，针对装有原型节流装置的管道以及装有本发明的改型进口节流装置的管道，在三种开度下对比分析了两者的流场分布、损失特性和测量截面的不均匀度。This example takes the C-type test device standard pipe in "GB/T 1236-2017/ISO 5801 Standardized Air Duct Performance Test for Industrial Ventilators" as an example. The pipe diameter is 0.78m. The fan inlet pipe is numerically simulated through ANSYS CFX software. , the inlet throttling tapered line was optimized and designed to obtain the optimal parameters. For the pipeline equipped with the prototype throttling device and the pipeline equipped with the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention, two comparative analyzes were conducted at three opening degrees. The flow field distribution, loss characteristics and non-uniformity of the measurement cross-section.
原型节流装置由进口和直锥构成，节流装置、整流器、流量测量截面构成风机进口管道，管道内径为D，如图1所示；The prototype throttling device consists of an inlet and a straight cone. The throttling device, rectifier, and flow measurement section form the fan inlet pipe. The inner diameter of the pipe is D, as shown in Figure 1;
对进口节流锥进行优选设计，设计结果如表2所示。Optimize the design of the inlet throttling cone, and the design results are shown in Table 2.
表2实施例中进口节流锥的最优结构参数(单位：mm)Table 2 Optimal structural parameters of the inlet throttle cone in the embodiment (unit: mm)
图4给出了三种进口节流锥开度下原型节流装置和本发明的改型进口节流装置损失特性。由图4可知，本发明的改型进口节流装置管道损失明显降低，并且随着进口节流锥开度减小，管道损失也在减小。100％开度时，本发明的改型进口节流装置较原型节流装置的损失减小了78.78％；90％开度时，本发明的改型进口节流装置较原型节流装置的损失减小了79.8％；80％开度时，本发明的改型进口节流装置较原型节流装置的损失减小了81.01％。Figure 4 shows the loss characteristics of the prototype throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention under three inlet throttling cone openings. It can be seen from Figure 4 that the pipe loss of the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention is significantly reduced, and as the opening of the inlet throttle cone decreases, the pipe loss also decreases. When the opening is 100%, the loss of the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention is reduced by 78.78% compared with the prototype throttling device; when the opening is 90%, the loss of the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention is reduced compared with the prototype throttling device. It is reduced by 79.8%; when the opening is 80%, the loss of the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention is reduced by 81.01% compared with the prototype throttling device.
图5给出了三种进口节流锥开度下原型节流装置和本发明的改型进口节流装置的不均匀度特性图。由图可知，本发明的改型进口节流装置流量测量截面速度的不均匀度明显降低，并且随着进口节流锥开度减小，不均匀度呈小幅度降低。100％开度时，本发明的改型进口节流装置较原型节流装置的不均匀度减小了39.36％；90％开度时，本发明的改型进口节流装置较原型节流装置的不均匀度减小了40.21％；80％开度时，本发明的改型进口节流装置较原型节流装置的不均匀度减小了40.57％。Figure 5 shows the non-uniformity characteristic diagram of the prototype throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention under three inlet throttling cone openings. It can be seen from the figure that the unevenness of the flow measurement cross-section velocity of the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention is significantly reduced, and as the opening of the inlet throttling cone decreases, the unevenness decreases slightly. When the opening is 100%, the unevenness of the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention is reduced by 39.36% compared with the prototype throttling device; when the opening is 90%, the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention is smaller than the prototype throttling device. The unevenness is reduced by 40.21%; when the opening is 80%, the unevenness of the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention is reduced by 40.57% compared with the prototype throttling device.
图6(a)、图6(b)、图6(c)给出了三种进口节流锥开度下原型节流装置和本发明的改型进口节流装置流量测量截面的压力云图。由图可知，原型节流装置流量测量截面靠近壁面存在较大低压区，中间又存在高压区，分布不均匀；本发明的改型进口节流装置的流量测量截面压力更加均匀，没有大面积的低压区存在。Figure 6(a), Figure 6(b), and Figure 6(c) show the pressure cloud diagrams of the flow measurement sections of the prototype throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention under three inlet throttling cone openings. It can be seen from the figure that the flow measurement section of the prototype throttling device has a large low-pressure area close to the wall, and a high-pressure area in the middle, which is unevenly distributed; the pressure of the flow measurement section of the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention is more uniform, and there is no large area. A low pressure area exists.
图7(a)、图7(b)、图7(c)给出了三种进口节流锥开度下原型节流装置和本发明的改型进口节流装置流量测量截面的速度云图。由图可知，原型节流装置管道流量测量截面靠近壁面存在较大低速区，中间又存在高速区，分布不均匀；本发明的改型进口节流装置管道流量测量截面整体速度分布较为均匀，并且没有大面积低速的存在。Figure 7(a), Figure 7(b), and Figure 7(c) show the velocity cloud diagrams of the flow measurement sections of the prototype throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention under three inlet throttling cone openings. It can be seen from the figure that the pipeline flow measurement section of the prototype throttling device has a large low-speed zone near the wall, and a high-speed zone in the middle, and the distribution is uneven; the overall velocity distribution of the pipeline flow measurement section of the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention is relatively uniform, and There is no large area of low speed.
图8(a)、图8(b)、图8(c)给出了三种进口节流锥开度下原型节流装置和本发明的改型进口节流装置的进口流线图。由图可知，原型节流装置进口存在大量旋涡；本发明的改型进口节流装置进口流线分布明显均匀，消除了原型节流装置进口的旋涡。Figure 8(a), Figure 8(b), and Figure 8(c) show the inlet streamline diagrams of the prototype throttling device and the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention under three inlet throttling cone openings. It can be seen from the figure that there are a large number of vortices at the inlet of the prototype throttling device; the inlet streamlines of the modified inlet throttling device of the present invention are obviously evenly distributed, eliminating the vortices at the inlet of the prototype throttling device.
本发明的用于风机性能试验测试的进口节流装置设计方法，该方法原理简单，解决了风机进口管道流量测量截面流场的不均匀问题，改善风机内部的流动状态，进而减少测量误差，提高实验准确性。因此，该结构能够作为改善风机进口管道流场均匀的一种设计思路。用于改善风机实验测试装置内部流场均匀性的进口节流装置设计方法整体上符合离心风机管道设计要求，并能够有效减少具体实施的难度，因此该设计方法具有广阔的应用前景。The design method of the inlet throttling device for fan performance test testing of the present invention has a simple principle, solves the problem of uneven flow field in the flow measurement section of the fan inlet pipe, improves the flow state inside the fan, thereby reducing measurement errors and improving Experimental accuracy. Therefore, this structure can be used as a design idea to improve the uniformity of the flow field in the fan inlet duct. The design method of the inlet throttling device used to improve the uniformity of the flow field inside the fan experimental test device generally meets the design requirements of the centrifugal fan duct and can effectively reduce the difficulty of specific implementation. Therefore, this design method has broad application prospects.
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