CN115153795A - Intramedullary Nail Lag Screw Drilling Guide - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device, which belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and comprises an aiming arm, wherein one end of the aiming arm is used for being detachably connected with the upper end of a main nail of an intramedullary nail, the other end of the aiming arm is provided with a lag screw guide hole, a guide sleeve is coaxially arranged in the lag screw guide hole, a limit button is arranged at the lag screw guide hole of the aiming arm, the limit button has a locking state and an unlocking state, the guide sleeve is locked in the lag screw guide hole in the locking state, and the guide sleeve can be slidably connected in the lag screw guide hole in the unlocking state. The intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device has the advantages of small occupied space, simple and convenient operation and easy control of the stress degree, thereby ensuring accurate guiding and positioning of the drilling hole and accurate position of the bottom hole, further ensuring accurate implantation position of the diagonal tension screw and good stability of the intramedullary nail.

Description

Intramedullary Nail Lag Screw Drilling Guide

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to an intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device.

Background technique

Proximal femoral intramedullary nailing requires pre-drilling when inserting oblique lag screws to facilitate nail implantation. Pre-drilling generally includes targeting arm positioning, protective sleeve guidance and drill drilling. The function of the protective sleeve is to prevent the side edge from directly contacting the soft tissue when the drill is rotated, and the soft tissue will be minced; the inner end of the protective sleeve must always be in close contact with the lateral cortex of the femur during the operation, and will not retreat when the drill is impacted by the rotating elastic force. It must be ensured that it is subject to a certain inward pressure.

The common way to pressurize the protective sleeve is to equip a pressure nut on the aiming arm, and match the corresponding thread on the rod of the protective sleeve. Attached to the lateral cortex of the femur. Using the compression method of tightening the compression nut, during the tightening process of the compression nut, the distance between the inner end of the protective sleeve and the outer cortex of the femur can be manually and linearly shortened to make the compression force more accurate.

However, this compression method also has certain drawbacks. Due to the differences in the human body, the distance between the aiming arm and the lateral cortex of the femur is uncertain, so the length of the thread of the protection sleeve rod must be long enough to prevent the rotation and compression. When the nut is rotated for dozens of turns, the protective sleeve cannot be screwed to the proper position, the pressurization process is too complicated, and the pressurization intensity is manually adjusted. If the force is too small or too large, it is difficult to unify, resulting in inaccurate drilling guidance and positioning, affecting the drilling depth, resulting in inaccurate bottom hole position, inaccurate placement of the oblique lag screw, and affecting the stability of the intramedullary nail.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device with simple operation, easily controllable pressure force and accurate drilling guide and positioning.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

An intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device, comprising an aiming arm, one end of the aiming arm is used for detachably connecting the upper end of the intramedullary nail main nail, the other end is provided with a lag screw guide hole, the lag screw guide hole A guide sleeve is arranged coaxially inside, and the aiming arm is provided with a limit button at the guide hole of the lag screw. The limit button has a locked state and an unlocked state. In the locked state, the guide sleeve is locked in the guide hole of the lag screw, and in the unlocked state, the guide sleeve is slidably connected in the guide hole of the lag screw.

Further, the limit button is provided with a through hole for passing through the guide sleeve, the inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the guide sleeve, the inner surface of the through hole and the guide sleeve are One of the outer surfaces of the proximal end of the sleeve is provided with positioning teeth, and the other is provided with positioning protrusions that can extend into the positioning teeth.

Further, the positioning teeth are located on the guide sleeve, the positioning protrusions are located on the inner surface of the through hole close to the end of the limit button, and the end of the limit button is provided with a spring;

And/or, the limit button is provided with an oblong hole extending along its length direction, the aiming arm is provided with a pin hole at a position corresponding to the oblong hole, and the pin hole and the oblong hole are pierced. There are positioning pins.

Further, the first end face of the positioning protrusion and the first end face of the positioning tooth are parallel to the cross section of the guide sleeve, and the second end face of the positioning protrusion and the second end face of the positioning tooth An acute angle is formed with the cross section of the guide sleeve, the first end face of the positioning protrusion is in contact with the first end face of the positioning tooth, and the second end face of the positioning protrusion is in contact with the second end face of the positioning tooth. end face contact;

Alternatively, the first end face of the positioning protrusion is parallel to the cross section of the guide sleeve, and the first end face of the positioning tooth, the second end face of the positioning protrusion and the second end face of the positioning tooth are all An acute angle is formed with the cross section of the guide sleeve, the first end face of the positioning protrusion is in contact with the first end face of the positioning tooth, and the second end face of the positioning protrusion is in contact with the second end face of the positioning tooth. end face contact.

Further, the cross-sections of the lag screw guide holes and the guide sleeves are circular-shaped;

And/or, the arc length enclosed by the start end and the end end of the positioning teeth is smaller than the semicircle length of the cross section of the guide sleeve;

And/or, the radius corresponding to the arc length enclosed by the start end and the end end of the positioning teeth is smaller than the radius of the guide sleeve;

And/or, the distal end of the guide sleeve is provided with a tip for contacting with the lateral cortex of the femur.

Further, the proximal end of the guide sleeve is coaxially provided with a positioning frame on the outer side of the aiming arm, the proximal end of the guide sleeve is provided with a base, and the base is provided with an axially extending positioning frame. The positioning frame is provided with a positioning column passing through the positioning hole and abutting against the aiming arm.

Further, the guide sleeve is provided with a drill rod, the tail of the drill rod is provided with a scale, and the tail of the drill rod is provided with a slidable and lockable depth limiter at the scale;

The depth limiting member is provided with a control button, the control button has a locked state and an unlocked state, when the control button is in the locked state, the depth limiting member is locked on the drill pipe, and the control button is in the locked state. In the unlocked state, the depth limiting member can be slidably connected to the drill pipe.

Further, the connecting end of the aiming arm and the main nail of the intramedullary nail is provided with an insertion post matched with the threaded hole on the upper end of the main intramedullary nail, and the edge of the insertion post is provided with the main nail of the intramedullary nail. The vertical positioning grooves on the upper ends of the nails are matched with the vertical positioning protrusions.

Further, the connecting end of the aiming arm and the main nail of the intramedullary nail is provided with an installation hole extending along the axial direction of the insertion column and passing through the insertion column, and the installation hole is provided with a hole for connecting to the intramedullary nail. The threaded hole at the upper end of the main intramedullary nail serves as a fastening screw for fixing the aiming arm and the main intramedullary nail together.

Further, the aiming arm includes a guide handle, one end of the guide handle is used to detachably connect the upper end of the main intramedullary nail, and the other end is detachably connected to a guide body arranged in parallel with the main intramedullary nail. , the guide hole of the lag screw is located on the main body of the guide.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention, a guide sleeve is coaxially arranged in the lag screw guide hole on the aiming arm, the aiming arm is provided with a limit button at the lag screw guide hole, and the limit button has a locked state In the locked state, the guide sleeve is locked in the guide hole of the lag screw, and in the unlocked state, the guide sleeve can be slidably connected in the guide hole of the lag screw. It can directly reach the pressure position. Compared with the method of using the pressure nut, it takes up less space, is simple and convenient to operate, and the pressure force is easy to control, so that the drilling guide and positioning are accurate, and the bottom hole position is accurate, so that the oblique lag screw can be implanted. The position is accurate, the stability of the intramedullary nail is good, and it is only necessary to ensure that the guide hole of the lag screw is coaxial with the guide sleeve, which is convenient for positioning and low in positioning difficulty.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the use structure of the intramedullary nail of the triangular support and fixation structure in the intramedullary nail fixation system in the prior art;

2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention;

3 is a schematic exploded structural diagram of a guide handle and a guide body in the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide sleeve in the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention, wherein (a) is a perspective view in one direction, and (b) is a perspective view in another direction;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a limit button in the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention;

6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the limit button in the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention, wherein (a) is the structural diagram when the guide sleeve is locked, and (b) is the guide sleeve when the guide sleeve is unlocked. structure diagram;

7 is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the positioning teeth and the positioning protrusions in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the positioning teeth and the positioning protrusions in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning frame in the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention;

10 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the positioning frame in the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention, wherein (a) is a structural diagram before the positioning frame is installed, and (b) is a structural diagram after the positioning frame is installed;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of a drill rod in the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram 1 of the use structure of the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention;

Figure 13 is a second schematic view of the use structure of the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention, wherein an enlarged schematic view of the structure at the limit button is additionally shown;

Figure 14 is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of the first fitting portion of the guide handle in the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention;

15 is a schematic structural diagram of the guide body in the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view, and (b) is a perspective view;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking member in the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, the following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The present invention provides an intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device, as shown in Figures 2-16, comprising an aiming arm, one end of the aiming arm is used to detachably connect the upper end of the main nail 3 of the intramedullary nail, and the other end is provided with a tension force The screw guide hole 25 (that is, the guide hole of the oblique screw bottom hole), the guide sleeve 26 is coaxially arranged in the lag screw guide hole 25, and the aiming arm is provided with a limit button 27 at the lag screw guide hole 25, and the limit button 27 has Locked state and unlocked state, in the locked state, the guide sleeve 26 is locked in the guide hole 25 of the lag screw, and in the unlocked state, the guide sleeve 26 is slidably connected in the guide hole 25 of the lag screw.

When using, first hold the aiming arm so that one end of the aiming arm is connected to the upper end of the main nail 3 of the intramedullary nail, drive the limit button 27 to make the limit button 27 in the unlocked state, and then push the guide sleeve 26 into the guide hole of the lag screw. 25, and press the guide sleeve 26 to the inside until it reaches the pressure position (that is, the distal end of the guide sleeve 26 is in contact with the outer cortex of the femur and has a certain pressure), and the limit button 27 is driven to lock the limit button 27. state to lock the guide sleeve 26 in the guide hole 25 of the lag screw, and finally use the drill rod 5 to drill the bottom hole of the oblique lag screw along the guide sleeve 26 .

In the intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device of the present invention, a guide sleeve is coaxially arranged in the lag screw guide hole on the aiming arm, the aiming arm is provided with a limit button at the lag screw guide hole, and the limit button has a locked state In the locked state, the guide sleeve is locked in the guide hole of the lag screw, and in the unlocked state, the guide sleeve can be slidably connected in the guide hole of the lag screw. It can directly reach the pressure position. Compared with the method of using the pressure nut, it takes up less space, is simple and convenient to operate, and the pressure force is easy to control, so that the drilling guide and positioning are accurate, and the bottom hole position is accurate, so that the oblique lag screw can be implanted. The position is accurate, the stability of the intramedullary nail is good, and it is only necessary to ensure that the guide hole of the lag screw and the guide sleeve are coaxial (the existing technology needs to ensure that the pressure nut, the guide hole of the lag screw, and the protection sleeve are coaxial), Easy to locate and low difficulty to locate.

As shown in FIGS. 4-6 and 13 , in order to conveniently lock the guide sleeve 26 in the guide hole 25 of the lag screw, the limit button 27 may be provided with a through hole 271 for passing through the guide sleeve 26 . The through hole 271 The inner diameter of the guide sleeve 26 is larger than the outer diameter of the guide sleeve 26. One of the inner surface of the through hole 271 and the outer surface of the proximal end of the guide sleeve 26 is provided with a positioning tooth 261, and the other is provided with a positioning tooth 261 that can extend into the guide sleeve 26. The positioning protrusion 272 inside.

Further, the positioning teeth 261 can be located on the guide sleeve 26, the positioning protrusions 272 can be located on the inner surface of the through hole 271 close to the end of the limit button 27, and the end of the limit button 27 can be provided with a spring 273 to facilitate the realization of the Locking, the guide sleeve 26 can be passed through/locked during the movement of the limit button 27 . When in use, press the limit button 27, the spring 273 is in a compressed state, the guide sleeve 26 can be unlocked, and the guide sleeve 26 can be inserted/pulled out smoothly at this time (refer to FIG. 6(b)); release the limit button 27. The limit button 27 rebounds under the action of the elastic force of the spring 273, so that the positioning protrusion 272 extends into the positioning tooth 261 to lock the position of the guide sleeve 26 (refer to FIG. 6(a)), which can realize quick locking and unlocking , the operation is simple and convenient. The positioning protrusion 272 is preferably crescent-shaped.

As shown in FIGS. 5-6 and 13 , the limit button 27 may be provided with an oblong hole 274 extending along its length direction, and a pin hole, a pin hole and an oblong hole are provided on the aiming arm at a position corresponding to the oblong hole 274 A positioning pin 275 is penetrated inside 274 to limit the movement of the limit button 27 and prevent the limit button 27 from falling off.

According to the different shapes of the positioning teeth 261 and the positioning protrusions 272, the present invention can have the following embodiments:

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 7 , the first end face of the positioning protrusion 272 (the right end face in FIG. 7 ) and the first end face of the positioning tooth 261 (the left end face in FIG. 7 ) can be parallel to the cross section of the guide sleeve 26 , and the positioning The second end face of the protrusion 272 (the left end face in FIG. 7 ) and the second end face of the positioning tooth 261 (the right end face in FIG. 7 ) form an acute angle with the cross section of the guide sleeve 26 , and the first end face of the positioning protrusion 272 It is in contact with the first end surface of the positioning tooth 261, and the second end surface of the positioning protrusion 272 is in contact with the second end surface of the positioning tooth 261. In specific implementation, one of the positioning tooth 261 and the positioning protrusion 272 may be non-contact. Symmetrical trapezoid design, specifically a right-angled trapezoid, and the other is a right-angled trapezoid, so that in the locked state, the guide sleeve 26 can be squeezed inwardly through the limit button 27 when it is stressed, and cannot retreat backwards, that is In the locked state, the guide sleeve 26 can only be pressurized inward in one direction. If the limit button 27 is not unlocked, the guide sleeve 26 cannot retreat. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the positioning teeth 261 located on the guide sleeve 26 are of asymmetrical trapezoidal design (ie, right-angled trapezoid), and the positioning protrusions 272 located on the limit button 27 are also of right-angled trapezoidal shape.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 8 , the first end surface (the right end surface in FIG. 8 ) of the positioning protrusion 272 can be parallel to the cross section of the guide sleeve 26 , the first end surface (the left end surface in FIG. 8 ) of the positioning teeth 261 , the positioning The second end face of the protrusion 272 (the left end face in FIG. 8 ) and the second end face of the positioning tooth 261 (the right end face in FIG. 8 ) both form an acute angle with the cross section of the guide sleeve 26 . The end face is in contact with the first end face of the positioning tooth 261, and the second end face of the positioning protrusion 272 is in contact with the second end face of the positioning tooth 261. In specific implementation, one of the positioning tooth 261 and the positioning protrusion 272 can be Asymmetrical trapezoid design, specifically a trapezoid with two sides open, and the other is a right-angled trapezoid, so that in the locked state, the guide sleeve 26 can be squeezed inwardly through the limit button 27 when it is stressed, and when the guide sleeve 26 is pressed. When the inward pressing force of the barrel 26 exceeds the preset pressure, the guide sleeve 26 can automatically retreat backward (the limit button 27 cannot clamp the guide sleeve 26). When in use, when the inward pressing force of the guide sleeve 26 exceeds the preset pressure, the limit button 27 automatically changes from the locked state to the unlocked state (that is, the limit button 27 automatically rebounds), and the guide sleeve 26 automatically moves backward. Backwards, when the inward pressing force of the guide sleeve 26 does not exceed the preset pressure, the limit button 27 automatically changes from the unlocked state to the locked state to lock the position of the guide sleeve 26 .

In this embodiment, the inward pressing force of the guide sleeve 26 can be controlled within a certain range, so as to prevent the guide sleeve 26 from being broken due to excessive pressure or the connecting position of the aiming arm and the main intramedullary nail 3 being broken, and the two The press-in direction teeth of the side-opening trapezoid are gentler, so that it is easier to pass the limit button 27 when the guide sleeve 26 is pressed inward, but can be retracted backward only when the reverse force is sufficiently strong. In this embodiment, the pressing force can be automatically controlled, and the preset pressure can be flexibly set according to intraoperative needs. Specifically, the preset pressure can be adjusted by controlling the elastic force of the spring 273 and the angle of both sides of the trapezoid.

In the above embodiment, the cross-sections of the guide hole 25 of the lag screw and the guide sleeve 26 may be circular (specifically, D-shaped), so that when the rod of the guide sleeve 26 is used in conjunction with the guide hole 25 of the lag screw , the guide sleeve 26 can only be inserted/extracted in the axial direction, and cannot be rotated (the contact end of the guide sleeve 26 and the outer cortex of the femur is the tip, and the guide sleeve 26 needs to be prevented from rotating).

As shown in FIG. 13 , the guide sleeve 26 may be provided with a concave surface on the outer circumference of the positioning teeth 261 , so that the guide sleeve 26 at the positioning teeth 261 is 0.2-0.3mm lower than the position without the positioning teeth 261 at the rod portion of the guide sleeve 26 (Indicated by the letter H in the figure), when the rod of the guide sleeve 26 is used in conjunction with the guide hole 25 of the lag screw, the positioning teeth 261 will not contact the guide hole 25 of the lag screw to prevent the guide hole 25 from being worn. The concave surface is preferably less semi-circular, so that the outer circular portion of the rod portion of the guide sleeve 26 can be used for positioning with the guide hole 25 of the lag screw.

The arc length enclosed by the starting end and the ending end of the positioning teeth 261 may be smaller than the semicircular length of the cross section of the guide sleeve 26 ; the radius corresponding to the arc length enclosed by the starting end and the ending end of the positioning teeth 261 is preferably smaller than that of the guide sleeve 26 The radius of the positioning teeth 261 is less than semicircular teeth, that is, the positioning teeth 261 occupy less than a semicircle of the rod part of the guide sleeve 26, and the damage to the rod part of the guide sleeve 26 is small, so that the rod part of the guide sleeve 26 has high strength and is not damaged. It is required that the front end of the positioning tooth 261 is smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the tooth (the thread style requires that the front end of the thread must be thinner than the bottom of the thread before it can be screwed in). The locating teeth 261 are preferably located on the opposite side of the plane of the dome-shaped structure.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 13 , the distal end of the guide sleeve 26 may be provided with a pointed portion for contacting with the outer cortex of the femur, so as to improve the firmness between the distal end of the guide sleeve 26 and the outer cortex of the femur, and further Improve overall stability.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIGS. 9-10 , the proximal end of the guide sleeve 26 may be coaxially provided with a positioning frame 28 on the outer side of the aiming arm, and the proximal end of the guide sleeve 26 may be provided with a base 262 . There is an axially extending positioning hole 263, and the positioning frame 28 is provided with a positioning column 281 that passes through the positioning hole 263 and abuts against the aiming arm, so as to ensure that the relative position of the positioning frame 28 and the aiming arm remains unchanged, so that the positioning frame 28 The position of the end face remains unchanged all the time, thereby providing a positioning reference for the drilling of the drill pipe 5, the positioning of the drilling guide is accurate, and the position of the bottom hole is accurate. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the number of positioning holes 263 is three, and the corresponding number of positioning posts 281 is also three.

As shown in Figures 11-12, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the drilling depth, a drill rod 5 may be provided in the guide sleeve 26, and a scale 51 is provided at the tail (ie, the proximal end) of the drill rod 5, and the tail of the drill rod 5 is on the scale 51. There is a slidable and lockable depth limiter 52;

The depth limiter 52 is provided with a control button 53. The control button 53 has a locked state and an unlocked state. When the control button 53 is in the locked state, the depth limiter 52 is locked on the drill pipe 5. When the control button 53 is in the unlocked state, the limit The deep piece 52 can be slidably connected to the drill pipe 5, and the specific internal structure of the control button 53 can be designed with reference to common knowledge in the art, which will not be repeated here. Before use, drive the control button 53 to make the depth-limiting member 52 in an unlocked state to slide and adjust the depth-limiting member 52 to a suitable scale 51 , and then drive the control button 53 to lock the depth-limiting member 52 for use.

The detachable connection between the aiming arm and the main intramedullary nail 3 can adopt various structural forms that those skilled in the art can easily think of, such as the connecting end of the aiming arm and the main intramedullary nail and the upper end of the main intramedullary nail However, for the convenience of implementation, the present invention preferably adopts the following structural forms:

As shown in FIGS. 2-3 , the connecting end of the aiming arm and the main intramedullary nail 3 may be provided with an inserting post 15 which is matched with the threaded hole 31 at the upper end of the main intramedullary nail 3 . The edge of the insertion post 15 may be provided with a vertical positioning protrusion 16 matched with the vertical positioning groove 32 on the upper end of the main intramedullary nail 3 to prevent the aiming arm from rotating relative to the main intramedullary nail 3 .

Further, in order to improve the firmness of the connecting end of the aiming arm and the main nail 3 of the intramedullary nail, the connecting end of the aiming arm and the main nail 3 of the intramedullary nail may be provided with an installation extending along the axis of the insertion column 15 and passing through the insertion column 15. The hole 17, the mounting hole 17 is provided with a threaded hole 31 for connecting to the upper end of the main intramedullary nail 3 to fasten the aiming arm and the main intramedullary nail 3 together with the fastening screw 18. In use, the tightening screw 18 can be held and screwed into the threaded hole 31 at the upper end of the main intramedullary nail 3 through the installation hole 17 .

As shown in Figures 2-3 and 12-13, for the convenience of intraoperative installation and use, the aiming arm may include a guide handle 1 (specifically, it may be C-shaped) and a guide body 2. One end of the guide handle 1 is used for The upper end of the main intramedullary nail 3 is disassembled and connected, and the other end is detachably connected with a guide body 2 arranged in parallel with the main intramedullary nail 3 .

With the development of technology, an intramedullary nail with a triangular support and fixation structure has appeared in the intramedullary nail fixation system for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of the femur. As shown in Figure 1, the intramedullary nail includes the main intramedullary nail. 3. The oblique lag screw 33 passing through the upper part of the main intramedullary nail 3 and the transverse tension screw 34 passing through the top of the main intramedullary nail 3 and the oblique lag screw 33 to form a triangular support with good firmness. During the research, the inventor found that the handle of the guide and the guide body were fixed with locking bolts, but the existence of the locking bolts made it difficult to set the guide holes of the horizontal nail bottom hole on the guide body (both). The position is prone to conflict), resulting in inaccurate drilling guide positioning and inaccurate bottom hole position, which in turn results in inaccurate placement of locking screws and affects the stability of the intramedullary nail. In order to solve this problem, the present invention preferably adopts the following structural forms:

As shown in FIGS. 2-3 and 16 , the guide body 2 may be provided with a locking member 4 for fixing the guide handle 1 and the guide body 2 together, and the locking member 4 is provided with a through hole penetrating through it. 41. The through hole 41 is used as a guide hole for the bottom hole of the cross nail.

The locking member 4 in this embodiment is a two-in-one design, which can realize the connection and locking of the guide handle 1 and the guide main body 2, and at the same time, the hollow structure can provide drilling guidance for the bottom hole of the horizontal nail, so as to ensure the guide handle 1 Under the premise of being firmly fixed with the guide body 2, it is easy to set the guide hole for the bottom hole of the horizontal screw, which occupies a small space and does not interfere with the field of view, so that the drilling guide and positioning are accurate, and the position of the bottom hole is accurate, so that the locking screw can be implanted in an accurate position. The intramedullary nail is stable.

The locking member 4 on the guide main body 2 can adopt various structural forms easily thought of by those skilled in the art, however, for the convenience of implementation, the present invention preferably adopts the following structural forms:

As shown in FIGS. 2-3 and 14-15 , the end of the guide handle 1 close to the guide body 2 may be provided with a first fitting portion 11 , and the upper end of the guide body 2 is provided with a first fitting portion 11 . The matched second fitting portion 21 and the locking member 4 are locking bolts that pass through the second fitting portion 21 and the first fitting portion 11 in sequence.

As shown in FIGS. 14-15 , in order to facilitate the positioning of the first fitting portion 11 and the second fitting portion 21 , one of the opposite end surfaces of the first fitting portion 11 and the second fitting portion 21 may be provided with The positioning pins 23 and 24 are provided with positioning pin holes 13 and 14 matched with the positioning pins 23 and 24 on the other. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the first fitting portion 11 is provided with positioning pin holes 13 and 14 , and the second fitting portion 21 is provided with positioning pins 23 and 24 which are matched with the positioning pin holes 13 and 14 .

Further, the number of the positioning pins 23 and 24 is preferably two or more and are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the through hole 41 , at least one positioning pin is a diamond shape, and the shape of the positioning pin holes 13 and 14 is the same as the shape of the positioning pins 23 and 24 . It is adapted to prevent shaking or displacement of the first attaching part 11 and the second attaching part 21 , and better positioning the first attaching part 11 and the second attaching part 21 . In the embodiment shown in the figure, the number of the positioning pins 23 and 24 is two and they are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the through hole 41 , one of the positioning pins 23 is cylindrical, the other positioning pin 24 is diamond-shaped, and the positioning pin holes 13 The number of 14 and 14 are two and are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the through hole 41, one of the positioning pin holes 13 is a circular positioning pin hole matched with a cylindrical shape, and the other positioning pin hole 14 is a rhombus matched with a rhombus. Dowel hole.

The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device, characterized in that it comprises an aiming arm, one end of the aiming arm is used to detachably connect the upper end of the main nail of the intramedullary nail, and the other end is provided with a lag screw guide hole, A guide sleeve is coaxially arranged in the guide hole of the lag screw, and the aiming arm is provided with a limit button at the guide hole of the lag screw, and the limit button has a locked state and an unlocked state. In the locked state , the guide sleeve is locked in the guide hole of the lag screw, and in the unlocked state, the guide sleeve is slidably connected in the guide hole of the lag screw. 2. The intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device according to claim 1, wherein the limit button is provided with a through hole for passing the guide sleeve, and the inner diameter of the through hole is larger than One of the outer diameter of the guide sleeve, the inner surface of the through hole and the outer surface of the proximal end of the guide sleeve is provided with positioning teeth, and the other is provided with positioning teeth that can extend into the positioning teeth Positioning protrusions inside. 3 . The intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device according to claim 2 , wherein the positioning teeth are located on the guide sleeve, and the positioning protrusions are located in the through hole close to the limit. 4 . The inner surface of the end of the button, the end of the limit button is provided with a spring; And/or, the limit button is provided with an oblong hole extending along its length direction, the aiming arm is provided with a pin hole at a position corresponding to the oblong hole, and the pin hole and the oblong hole are pierced. There are positioning pins. 4. The intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device according to claim 2, wherein the first end surface of the positioning protrusion and the first end surface of the positioning teeth are parallel to the transverse direction of the guide sleeve. The second end face of the positioning protrusion and the second end face of the positioning tooth form an acute angle with the cross section of the guide sleeve, and the first end face of the positioning protrusion and the first end face of the positioning tooth abutting, the second end face of the positioning protrusion abuts against the second end face of the positioning tooth; Alternatively, the first end face of the positioning protrusion is parallel to the cross section of the guide sleeve, and the first end face of the positioning tooth, the second end face of the positioning protrusion and the second end face of the positioning tooth are all An acute angle is formed with the cross section of the guide sleeve, the first end face of the positioning protrusion is in contact with the first end face of the positioning tooth, and the second end face of the positioning protrusion is in contact with the second end face of the positioning tooth. end face contact. 5 . The intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device according to claim 2 , wherein the cross-sections of the lag screw guide hole and the guide sleeve are circular missing; 5 . And/or, the arc length enclosed by the start end and the end end of the positioning teeth is smaller than the semicircle length of the cross section of the guide sleeve; And/or, the radius corresponding to the arc length enclosed by the start end and the end end of the positioning teeth is smaller than the radius of the guide sleeve; And/or, the distal end of the guide sleeve is provided with a tip for contacting with the lateral cortex of the femur. 6 . The intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device according to claim 1 , wherein the proximal end of the guide sleeve is coaxially provided with a positioning frame on the outer side of the aiming arm, and the guide sleeve The proximal end is provided with a base, the base is provided with an axially extending positioning hole, and the positioning frame is provided with a positioning column which passes through the positioning hole and abuts against the aiming arm. 7 . The intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device according to claim 1 , wherein a drill rod is provided in the guide sleeve, a scale is provided at the tail of the drill rod, and the tail of the drill rod is provided with a scale. 8 . A slidable and lockable depth limiter is provided at the scale; The depth limiting member is provided with a control button, the control button has a locked state and an unlocked state, when the control button is in the locked state, the depth limiting member is locked on the drill pipe, and the control button is in the locked state. In the unlocked state, the depth limiting member can be slidably connected to the drill pipe. 8. The intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the connecting end of the aiming arm and the main intramedullary nail is provided with a connection end with the main intramedullary nail. The threaded hole at the upper end is matched with an inserting post, and the edge of the inserting post is provided with a vertical positioning protrusion matched with the vertical positioning groove on the upper end of the main intramedullary nail. 9 . The intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device according to claim 8 , wherein the connecting end of the aiming arm and the main nail of the intramedullary nail is provided with a device extending along the axis of the insertion column and passing through the hole. 10 . The installation hole of the insertion column is provided with a threaded hole for connecting to the upper end of the main intramedullary nail to fix the aiming arm and the main intramedullary nail together with a fastening screw. 10. The intramedullary nail lag screw drilling guide device according to claim 8, wherein the aiming arm comprises a guide handle, and one end of the guide handle is used for detachably connecting the main nail of the intramedullary nail. The upper end and the other end are detachably connected with a guide body arranged in parallel with the main nail of the intramedullary nail, and the guide hole of the lag screw is located on the guide body.

Images