CN115077507A

CN115077507A - Perpendicular line coordinatograph based on linear array CCD

Info

Publication number: CN115077507A
Application number: CN202210684457.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李宏; 董云开; 喻建军; 荆燕; 陈葛天; 孙起伟; 张鸿旭; 刘凤秋; 董建业
Original assignee: National Institute of Natural Hazards
Current assignee: National Institute of Natural Hazards
Priority date: 2022-06-16
Filing date: 2022-06-16
Publication date: 2022-09-20

Abstract

The invention provides a novel linear array CCD-based vertical line coordinatograph which is fixed on a measured object and used for measuring the variable quantity of horizontal deformation of the measured object. The novel plumb line coordinatograph comprises a shell, wherein a square hole is arranged on the shell to serve as a movement space of a plumb line, and a parallel light source transmitter and a CCD measuring instrument are arranged in the shell. And two adjacent side surfaces of the square hole are respectively provided with a parallel light sealing window, and the other two adjacent side surfaces are respectively provided with a CCD receiver sealing window. The parallel light source emitter comprises a point light source, a light source adjusting track and a parallel light lens, and the parallel light source emitter is arranged right opposite to the parallel light sealing window. The CCD measuring instrument comprises a CCD receiver and a CCD driving circuit board, and the CCD receiver is arranged right opposite to a CCD receiver sealing window. The light emitted by the parallel light source transmitter irradiates the CCD receiver opposite to the parallel light source transmitter, so that the position information of the vertical reference line is measured from two mutually perpendicular directions.

Description

Perpendicular line coordinatograph based on linear array CCD

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of earth observation, in particular to a novel special measuring instrument which can be used for observing horizontal displacement deformation at different elevations of large buildings such as dams, high towers, buildings, bridges and the like, and particularly relates to a novel linear array CCD-based vertical line coordinatograph.

Background

The vertical line coordinatograph is used for measuring the variable quantity of the horizontal deformation of hydraulic buildings such as concrete dams, face dams, earth and rockfill dams and the like for a long time, is also suitable for measuring the horizontal deformation of industrial and civil buildings, high towers, buildings, bridges, civil foundation pits and the like, and can conveniently realize the automation of horizontal displacement measurement. The vertical coordinatograph uses a metal wire which is freely stretched to establish a vertical reference, and is divided into a positive hammer and a reverse hammer by a fixing mode of a fixed end of the vertical reference, and the vertical coordinatograph knows the horizontal deformation condition of a measured object by measuring the micro change of the distance between the vertical reference and the measured object nearby along with the time. The earliest plumb line instrument was measured by a manual measurement and reading method, and an eighties electric measurement method was introduced and continuously upgraded. These electrical measurement methods require the measurement components to be assembled on the vertical lines, which is not only cumbersome to install, but also changes the mechanical state of the original vertical lines.

At present, a vertical line coordinatograph generally adopts contact measurement, and an electrical sensor has the problem of electrical drift.

The CCD array is called a Charge-coupled Device in english, and the CCD array is called a Charge-coupled Device in chinese, and may be called a CCD image sensor or an image controller. The line CCD is also a line image sensor. The linear array CCD scans a picture by a row of pixels, and three times of exposure are carried out, wherein the three times of exposure respectively correspond to a red filter, a green filter and a blue filter, as the name indicates linear, the linear sensor is used for capturing a one-dimensional image, and the linear sensor has a simple structure and lower cost. The linear array CCD has great number of single-row photosensitive units, relatively wide measurement range, high real-time transmission of photoelectronic conversion signal, fast self-scanning speed, high frequency response, capacity of dynamic measurement and low illumination, and may be used widely in product size measurement and classification, non-contact size measurement, bar code and other fields.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a novel linear line coordinatograph based on a linear array CCD (charge coupled device) in order to overcome the defects in the prior art.

The invention relates to a novel linear array CCD-based vertical line coordinatograph which is fixed on a measured object and is used for measuring the variation of the horizontal deformation of the measured object, the vertical line coordinatograph comprises a shell, a square hole is arranged on the shell and is used as the movement space of a vertical line, the vertical reference line passes through the square hole, a parallel light source emitter and a CCD measuring instrument are arranged in the shell,

two adjacent side surfaces of the square hole are respectively provided with a parallel light sealing window, the other two adjacent side surfaces are respectively provided with a CCD receiver sealing window,

the parallel light source emitter comprises a point light source, a light source adjusting track and a parallel light lens, the parallel light source emitter is arranged right opposite to the parallel light sealing window,

the CCD measuring instrument comprises a CCD receiver and a CCD driving circuit board for driving the CCD receiver, the CCD receiver is arranged right opposite to a CCD receiver sealing window,

the light emitted by the parallel light source transmitter irradiates the CCD receiver opposite to the parallel light source transmitter, so that the position information of the vertical reference line is measured from two mutually perpendicular directions.

Preferably, the light source adjusting track is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the shell and is perpendicular to the parallel light source sealing window, and the point light source is fixed on the light source adjusting track and can move back and forth on the light source adjusting track.

Preferably, the parallel light lens is disposed at an end of the light source adjustment rail near the parallel light source sealing window.

Preferably, a vertical reference line incoming line channel is arranged on the housing, and the vertical reference line can enter the square hole through the channel.

Preferably, the parallel light lens, the CCD receiver, the parallel light source sealing window and the CCD receiver sealing window are all provided with heating elements.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the housing is provided with 4 mounting holes.

Preferably, an acquisition control circuit board is further arranged in the shell and used for sending control signals to the CCD driving circuit board.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the novel linear array CCD-based vertical line coordinatograph takes the photoelectric integrated intelligent displacement sensor taking a CCD device as a core as a displacement detection unit, has no problem of electrical drift, has strong reliability, realizes real non-contact measurement and ensures the long-term stability index of the instrument.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a novel linear array CCD-based vertical line coordinatograph structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings attached to the specification. It should be noted that the embodiments mentioned in the present description are not exhaustive and do not represent the only embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are given for the purpose of clearly illustrating the inventive contents of the present patent application and are not intended to limit the embodiments thereof. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the embodiments described above, and it is intended to cover all modifications and variations of the present invention which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a novel linear array CCD-based vertical line coordinatograph according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is fixed to a measured object, and is used to measure a variation of horizontal deformation of the measured object. The object to be measured can be large buildings such as dams, high towers, buildings, bridges and the like.

In each preferred embodiment, the vertical coordinators of the invention comprise a housing 12. Preferably, the housing 12 may be a square box. The housing 12 is provided with a square hole 14 as a movement space of a vertical line, and a vertical reference line 10 passes through the square hole 14. The upper end of the vertical reference line 10 may be fixed at a higher position of the object to be measured. Preferably, the square hole 14 is provided at the center of the housing 12. Preferably, a vertical reference line inlet channel 11 is provided on the housing 12, and the vertical reference line 10 can enter the square hole 14 through the channel 11.

In each preferred embodiment, two adjacent sides (inner walls) of the square hole 14 are provided with parallel light-tight windows 8, i.e. the two parallel light-tight windows 8 are perpendicular to each other. And CCD receiver sealing windows 9 are arranged on the other two adjacent side surfaces (inner walls), namely the two CCD receiver sealing windows 9 are vertical to each other.

In each preferred embodiment, two parallel light source emitters and two CCD measurement instruments are provided within the housing 12. Preferably, each of the collimated light source emitters comprises a point light source 1, a light source adjusting track 7 and a collimated light lens 2, and each of the collimated light source emitters is arranged opposite to each of the collimated light sealed windows 8. Preferably, for each parallel light source emitter, the light source adjusting track 7 is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the shell 12 and is perpendicular to the parallel light source sealing window 8, and the point light source 1 is fixed on the light source adjusting track 7 and can move back and forth along the track on the light source adjusting track 7. The parallel light lens 2 is arranged at the end part of the light source adjusting track 7 close to the parallel light source sealing window 8.

In each preferred embodiment, each of the CCD measuring instruments includes a CCD receiver 3 and a CCD driving circuit board 5 for driving the CCD receiver, each of the CCD receivers 3 being disposed opposite to each of the CCD receiver sealing windows 9. Preferably, a power module 6 is also provided in the housing 12 for supplying power to the components such as the CCD driver board 5.

According to the above structure, the parallel light emitted from each of the parallel light source transmitters irradiates to each of the CCD receivers 3 opposite thereto through the parallel light source sealing window 8 and the CCD receiver sealing window 9 to form two mutually perpendicular light paths in which the vertical reference line 10 is located, thereby achieving measurement of the positional information of the vertical reference line 10 from two mutually perpendicular directions.

In a preferred embodiment, the collimator lens 2, the CCD receiver 3, the collimator source sealing window 8 and the CCD receiver sealing window 9 are provided with heating elements. Preferably, the heating element may be a PTC ceramic heating element, which belongs to the well-known technology and is not described herein. The heating element can prevent the surfaces of the parallel light source mirror surface and the CCD receiver receiving screen from generating atomization and condensation to influence measurement.

In each preferred embodiment, the bottom surface of the housing 12 is provided with 4 mounting holes 13, and the vertical line coordinate system of the present invention can be mounted on the bottom plate of the vertical line measurement point observation platform through the mounting holes 13, and the mounting bottom plate can be matched with the vertical line observation platform. Preferably, the 4 mounting holes 13 may be evenly distributed at four corners of the bottom surface of the case 12. It should be noted that the vertical line measuring point observation platform is rigidly coupled with the measured object, and the vertical line coordinatograph of the invention is fixedly installed on the vertical line measuring point observation platform through the installation hole 13, thereby realizing the fixed connection of the vertical line coordinatograph and the measured object.

In each preferred embodiment, an acquisition control circuit board 4 is further disposed in the housing 12, and is used for sending a control signal to the driving circuit board 5, so as to control the CCD receiver 3 to perform acquisition operation.

Preferably, the shell 12, the CCD receiver sealing window 9 and the parallel light source sealing window 8 of the vertical line coordinatograph are all sealed by adopting rubber sealing strips, so that better sealing performance can be realized.

In the invention, a photoelectric displacement sensor composed of two linear array CCDs perpendicular to each other and a parallel light source is arranged in a shell 12 of a vertical line coordinatograph, the position information of a vertical reference line position 10 is measured from two directions, parallel light vertically irradiates a CCD light receiver window, the vertical reference line 10 is arranged in a light path, the shadow of the vertical reference line 10 is projected on the light receiver and is identified, processed and quantized by the CCD into data corresponding to the position of the vertical reference line 10, and the position information of the vertical reference line 10 is continuously observed, so that the observation of the change of the horizontal deformation of a measured object can be realized.

In each preferred embodiment of the invention, the CCD receiver is developed by adopting a linear array CCD device, the linear array CCD device belongs to the common technology in the field of image imaging, and the photoelectric integrated displacement sensor is utilized to detect micro displacement, thereby realizing excellent technical indexes such as wide measurement range, high resolution, high precision, no electric drift and the like. In addition, no sensing component is required to be added on the vertical reference line, and the real non-contact measurement is realized.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes and modifications to the above described embodiments may be made within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A novel linear array CCD-based vertical line coordinatograph is fixed on a measured object and used for measuring the variation of the horizontal deformation of the measured object, and is characterized by comprising a shell (12), wherein a square hole (14) is arranged on the shell (12) and is used as the movement space of a vertical line, a vertical datum line (10) passes through the square hole, a parallel light source emitter and a CCD measuring instrument are arranged in the shell (12),

two adjacent side surfaces of the square hole (14) are respectively provided with a parallel light sealing window (8), the other two adjacent side surfaces are respectively provided with a CCD receiver sealing window (9),

the parallel light source emitter comprises a point light source (1), a light source adjusting track (7) and a parallel light lens (2), the parallel light source emitter is arranged right opposite to the parallel light sealing window (8),

the CCD measuring instrument comprises a CCD receiver (3) and a CCD driving circuit board (5) used for driving the CCD receiver, the CCD receiver (3) is arranged right opposite to a CCD receiver sealing window (9),

the light emitted by the parallel light source transmitter irradiates the CCD receiver (3) opposite to the parallel light source transmitter, so that the position information of the vertical reference line (10) is measured from two mutually perpendicular directions.

2. The linear array CCD-based novel vertical line coordinatograph as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the light source adjusting track (7) is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the housing (12) and is perpendicular to the parallel light source sealing window (8), and the point light source (1) is fixed on the light source adjusting track (7) and can move back and forth on the light source adjusting track (7).

3. The linear array CCD-based novel vertical line coordinatograph as claimed in claim 2, wherein the parallel light lens (2) is arranged at the end of the light source adjustment track (7) close to the parallel light source sealed window (8).

4. The linear array CCD based novel vertical coordinatograph as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a vertical reference line incoming channel (11) is provided on the housing (12), and the vertical reference line (10) can enter the square hole (14) through the channel (11).

5. The linear array CCD-based novel vertical line coordinatograph as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parallel light lens (2), the CCD receiver (3), the parallel light source sealing window (8) and the CCD receiver sealing window (9) are all provided with heating elements.

6. The linear array CCD-based novel vertical line coordinatograph as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the housing (12) is provided with 4 mounting holes (13).

7. The linear array CCD-based novel vertical line coordinatograph as claimed in claim 1, wherein an acquisition control circuit board (4) is further disposed in the housing (12) for sending a control signal to the CCD driving circuit board (5).