CN115071936B - Independently-driven three-stage underwater propeller - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an underwater propeller, specifically an independently driven three-stage underwater propeller. It includes a guide cap, a front guide vane, a first-stage propulsion assembly, a second-stage propulsion assembly, a third-stage propulsion assembly and a tail guide cone. The first-stage propulsion assembly, the second-stage propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly are arranged coaxially in sequence. And the first-stage propulsion assembly and the second-stage propulsion assembly are connected through the first connecting ring, the second-stage propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly are connected through the first connecting ring, and the front guide vane is fixed on the front end of the first-stage propulsion assembly. The guide cap is installed on the front guide vane, and the tail guide cone is fixed on the rear end of the three-stage propulsion assembly. During use, the invention has a compact structure and is easy to arrange; the oil-filled sealing method and heat dissipation structure design of the motor stator part can ensure long-term, stable and high-power operation of the invention in an underwater environment.

Description

An independently driven three-stage underwater propeller

Technical field

The present invention relates to an underwater propeller, specifically an independently driven three-stage underwater propeller.

Background technique

Underwater thrusters are important components for realizing the navigation capabilities of submarines, underwater robots, etc., and can meet the thrust requirements of different operating tools such as underwater robots at different speeds.

However, as the application of underwater robots becomes more and more widespread, the requirements for propulsion efficiency, compactness and low noise characteristics of thrusters are becoming more and more obvious. The underwater operating environment requires the propeller to be waterproof and pressure-resistant. When applied to an underwater robot, the propeller structure is required to be as compact as possible to facilitate the arrangement of other equipment on the robot. Since the energy carried by the underwater robot is limited, the efficiency of the propeller is required to be as high as possible to meet the long-term navigation and operation requirements of the underwater robot. At the same time, the acoustic equipment carried by the underwater robot also has certain constraints on the self-noise generated by the propeller. Traditional propellers use a motor to drive a single-stage propeller through a transmission shaft to generate thrust. This method has low transmission efficiency and takes up a lot of space. In order to meet the thrust requirements, the propeller must have a higher speed or a larger diameter, which will produce stronger noise. , affecting the work of the underwater robot's acoustic equipment. In order to meet the underwater operating environment, the motor output shaft must be dynamically sealed, and the sealing position requires regular maintenance.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a propeller that can work in an underwater environment for a long time and has a compact structure, high efficiency, and low noise.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an independently driven three-stage underwater propeller, which can work underwater for a long time and is driven independently by three rim motors.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An independently driven three-stage underwater propeller, including a guide cap, a front guide vane, a first-stage propulsion assembly, a second-stage propulsion assembly, a third-stage propulsion assembly and a tail guide cone, wherein the first-stage propulsion assembly, the second-stage propulsion assembly The propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly are arranged coaxially in sequence, and the first-stage propulsion assembly and the second-stage propulsion assembly are connected through a first connecting ring, and the second-stage propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly are connected through a second connecting ring. The guide vane is fixed on the front end of the first-stage propulsion assembly, the guide cap is installed on the front guide vane, and the tail guide cone is fixed on the rear end of the third-stage propulsion assembly.

The first-stage propulsion assembly, the second-stage propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly have the same structure and include a rim motor, a propeller, a guide vane and a shaft, where the propeller is connected to the front end of the shaft and can rotate with the shaft; the rim motor is arranged on The outside of the propeller rim, used to drive the propeller to rotate;

The guide vane is rotatably arranged on the shaft, and the outside of the rim of the guide vane is provided with an external oil inlet channel and an external oil return channel that are connected to the rim motor.

The rim motor includes a stator casing, a stator front end cover, a watertight socket, a stator core, an inner isolation sleeve, a stator rear end cover, an oil plug, a rotor core and a stator sealing sleeve, wherein the rotor core is arranged on the wheel of the propeller. outside the edge; the stator core is set on the inner wall of the stator casing and corresponds to the rotor core. There are multiple oil holes arranged along the circumferential direction on the stator core, and each oil hole is arranged along the axial direction; the stator front end cover The stator and stator rear end covers are respectively arranged at both ends of the stator casing, the stator sealing sleeve is arranged between the stator front end cover and the stator rear end cover, and the watertight socket is fixed at the front end of the stator casing.

There is an internal oil inlet chamber and an internal oil return chamber between the stator core and the stator rear end cover. One end of the internal oil inlet chamber is connected to the external oil inlet channel, and the other end is connected to the stator core. A plurality of oil holes are connected; the internal oil return chamber is connected with the external oil return channel.

The stator iron core and the stator rear end cover are separated by an inner isolation sleeve to form the internal oil inlet chamber and the internal oil return chamber. The internal oil inlet chamber is located in the radial direction of the internal oil return chamber. outside of the cavity.

An outer isolation sleeve and an oil bladder located outside the outer isolation sleeve are connected between the stator rear end cover and the rim of the guide vane. The oil bladder is fixed by a primary oil bladder pressure ring located outside; the outer isolation sleeve and The space between the oil bladders forms the external oil inlet channel; the inner space of the outer isolation sleeve forms the external oil return channel.

A plurality of oil plugs are provided on the front end cover of the stator along the circumferential direction.

A heat dissipation impeller is provided between the guide vane and the shaft. The heat dissipation impeller is connected to the shaft and rotates with the shaft; the blades of the heat dissipation impeller correspond to the second half through hole on the guide vane.

The two ends of the guide vane are connected with a hub front end cover and a wheel hub rear end cover; an oil seal is embedded in the hub front end cover, and a rear oil plug is installed in the wheel hub rear end cover.

The first-stage propulsion assembly, the second-stage propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly can operate independently as single-stage thrusters, or two or three stages can be connected in series to form thrusters of different stages.

The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. The present invention adopts a three-stage series propulsion assembly. Compared with a single-stage propeller, the rotation speed is lower under the same thrust requirement, which can greatly reduce the noise of the propeller when operating underwater.

2. The motor casing of the present invention adopts a sealed structure. The outlet wires of the stator winding are led out through the water surface socket. The oil in the casing can withstand external water pressure. The oil can flow through the stator and guide vanes driven by the heat dissipation impeller. The internal circulation of the blade ensures the insulation and cooling of the stator winding to meet the application requirements of underwater environment.

3. The rotor cores of the propulsion components at all levels of the present invention are directly mounted on the propellers at all levels, with high transmission efficiency and compact structure.

4. The present invention adopts high-precision angular contact ball bearings, which have low noise and low bearing loss, and meet the needs of long-term efficient and stable underwater operation.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an isometric view of an independently driven three-stage underwater propeller of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an independently driven three-stage underwater propeller of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first-stage propulsion assembly part of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the stator casing part of the first-stage propulsion assembly of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the shaft part of the first-stage propulsion assembly of the present invention;

Figure 6 is an axial side view of the heat dissipation impeller of the primary propulsion assembly of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of oil circulation during operation of the present invention.

Among them: 1 is the guide cap, 2 is the front guide vane, 3 is the stator casing, 4 is the first connecting ring, 5 is the second-level stator casing, 6 is the second connecting ring, and 7 is the third-level stator casing. , 8 is the third-stage oil bladder pressure ring, 9 is the first-stage propeller, 10 is the first-stage guide vane, 11 is the second-stage propeller, 12 is the second-stage guide vane, 13 is the third-stage propeller, 14 is the third-stage guide vane, 15 It is the tail guide cone, 16 is the shaft, 17 is the stator front end cover, 18 is the watertight socket, 19 is the stator core, 20 is the inner isolation sleeve, 21 is the stator rear end cover, 22 is the oil plug, 23 is the rotor core , 24 is the stator sealing sleeve, 25 is the outer isolation sleeve, 26 is the oil bladder, 27 is the primary oil bladder pressure ring, 28 is the compression cover, 29 is the hub front end cover, 30 is the oil seal, 31 is the bearing, 32 is the heat dissipation Impeller, 33 is the hub rear end cover, 34 is the rear oil plug.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-3, the invention provides an independently driven three-stage underwater propeller, including a guide cap 1, a front guide vane 2, a first-stage propulsion assembly, a second-stage propulsion assembly, and a third-stage propulsion assembly. and the tail guide cone 15, in which the first-level propulsion assembly, the second-level propulsion assembly and the third-level propulsion assembly are arranged coaxially in sequence, and the first-level propulsion assembly and the second-level propulsion assembly are connected through the first connecting ring 4, and the second-level propulsion assembly The assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly are connected through the second connecting ring 6. The front guide vane 2 is fixed on the front end of the first-stage propulsion assembly, the guide cap 1 is installed on the front guide vane 2, and the tail guide cone 15 is fixed on The rear end of the third-stage propulsion assembly.

As shown in Figure 4-5, the first-stage propulsion assembly, the second-stage propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly have the same structure, including a rim motor, a propeller, a guide vane and a shaft 16, where the propeller is connected to the shaft 16 through a compression cover 28 The front end of the shaft 16 can rotate with the shaft 16; the rim motor is arranged outside the rim of the propeller and is used to drive the propeller to rotate; the guide vane is rotatably arranged on the shaft 16 through the bearing 31, and the outside of the rim of the guide vane is provided with the wheel rim. The external oil inlet channel and the external oil return channel are connected to the motor.

As shown in FIGS. 5-6 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a heat dissipation impeller 32 is provided between the guide vane and the shaft 16 . The heat dissipation impeller 32 is connected to the shaft 16 and rotates together with the shaft 16 . Further, there are several blades on the heat dissipation impeller 32, and the blades of the heat dissipation impeller 32 correspond to the second half through holes on the guide vanes. The two ends of the guide vane are connected with the hub front end cover 29 and the hub rear end cover 33; the hub front end cover 29 is embedded with an oil seal 30, and the hub rear end cover 33 is equipped with a rear oil plug 34.

As shown in Figure 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the rim motor includes a stator casing 3, a stator front end cover 17, a watertight socket 18, a stator core 19, an inner isolation sleeve 20, a stator rear end cover 21, and an oil plug 22 , the rotor iron core 23 and the stator sealing sleeve 24, wherein the rotor iron core 23 is arranged outside the rim of the propeller; the stator iron core 19 is arranged on the inner wall of the stator casing 3 in an interference fit manner, and is connected with the rotor iron core 23 Correspondingly, the stator core 19 has a number of oil holes along the circumferential direction, and each oil hole is arranged along the axial direction. The stator front end cover 17 and the stator rear end cover 21 are respectively arranged at both ends of the stator casing. The stator sealing sleeve 24 is arranged between the stator front end cover 17 and the stator rear end cover 21. The front end of the stator casing 3 is provided with a plurality of watertight seals. Socket 18, the lead wire of the motor stator winding is led out through the watertight socket 18. There is an internal oil inlet chamber and an internal oil return chamber between the stator core 19 and the stator rear end cover 21. One end of the internal oil inlet chamber is connected to the external oil inlet channel, and the other end is connected to a number of oil holes on the stator core 19. Connected, the internal oil return chamber is connected with the external oil return channel.

Specifically, the stator core 19 and the stator rear end cover 21 are separated by an inner isolation sleeve 20 to form an internal oil inlet chamber and an internal oil return chamber. The internal oil inlet chamber is located outside the internal oil return chamber in the radial direction. An outer isolation sleeve 25 and an oil bladder 26 located outside the outer isolation sleeve 25 are connected between the stator rear end cover 21 and the rim of the guide vane. The oil bladder 26 is fixed by a primary oil bladder pressure ring 27 arranged on the outside; the outer isolation The space between the sleeve 25 and the oil bladder 26 forms an external oil inlet channel; the inner space of the outer isolation sleeve 25 forms an external oil return channel. A plurality of oil plugs 22 are provided on the stator front end cover 17 along the circumferential direction.

Further, the primary oil bladder pressure ring 27, the oil bladder pressure ring on the secondary propulsion assembly, and the third-stage oil bladder pressure ring 8 are all hollow structures, and the primary guide vanes 10, the secondary guide vanes 12, and the third-stage guide vanes are hollow structures. There are several through holes in the blades of the blades 14, and there are two sets of through holes in the stator rear end cover 21 at different radial positions along the circumferential direction.

Specifically, the connection positions of the stator casing 3, the stator front end cover 17, the stator sealing sleeve 24, the stator rear end cover 21 and the oil plug 22 are all watertight through sealing rings. The stator rear end cover 21 is located at different radial positions along the circumferential direction. There are two sets of through holes, and the inner isolation sleeve 20 is installed on the stator rear end cover 21 to isolate the two sets of through holes on the stator rear end cover 21 . The oil bladder pressure ring 27 is fixed on the first-stage guide vane 10 and presses the oil bladder 26 tightly on the stator rear end cover 21 to ensure watertightness. The outer isolation sleeve 25 secures the stator rear end cover 21 and the primary guide vane 10 Two groups of vias are isolated.

Specifically, the first-stage propulsion assembly is provided with a first-stage propeller 9 and a first-stage guide vane 10, the second-stage propulsion assembly is provided with a second-stage propeller 11 and a second-stage guide vane 12, and the third-stage propulsion assembly is provided with a third-stage propeller 13 and a second-stage guide vane 12. The third-stage guide vane 14 and the tail guide cone 15 are installed at the rear end of the third-stage guide vane 14. The propellers and guide vanes of each stage are independently designed and have different shapes. The first-stage propeller 9 is supported by the first-stage shaft, and the propellers of other stages are supported by the first-stage shaft. The propellers are supported by their respective shafts. There are several through holes inside the blades of the guide vanes at each level, and they are divided into two groups, front and rear.

As shown in Figure 5, the hub of the primary guide vane 10 is equipped with three sets of bearings 31. The bearings 31 are high-precision angular contact ball bearings installed face to face. The shaft 16 in the middle passes through the bearing 21. The end of the shaft 16 is connected to a cone through a cone. The first-stage propeller 9 is matched and fixedly pressed by the compression cover 28. The front and rear ends of the hub of the first-stage guide vane 10 are equipped with a hub front end cover 29 and a hub rear end cover 33. The hub front end cover 29 is equipped with an oil seal 30, and the hub rear end cover is installed. 33 is equipped with a rear oil plug 34. The hub connection positions of the hub front end cover 29, the hub rear end cover 33 and the primary guide vane 10 are all watertight through sealing rings, and there is a dynamic seal between the oil seal 30 and the shaft 16.

Furthermore, the structures within the second-stage propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly are exactly the same as those of the first-stage propulsion assembly. After the propeller is assembled, the inside of the stator is filled with low-viscosity electrical insulating oil. The oil fills the inner through holes of the guide vane blades and the hub bearing chamber, and ensures that there is no gas inside.

As shown in Figure 7, taking the first-stage propulsion assembly as an example, when the propeller is running at full power, the rotor core 23 drives the first-stage propeller 9 to rotate at high speed, and the first-stage propeller 9 drives the heat dissipation impeller 32 to rotate through the shaft 16. The heat dissipation impeller 32 drives the internal oil to enter the external oil inlet channel between the oil bladder 26 and the outer isolation sleeve 25 through the through hole in the rear half of the blade of the primary guide vane 10, and then enters the stator through the outer through hole of the stator rear end cover 21 Inside the casing 3, from the through hole of the stator core 19 to the space near the watertight socket 18, there are tooth slots and winding gaps on the stator core 19, and the oil passes through the tooth slots and winding gaps, and the inner through hole of the stator rear end cover 21 , the through hole in the front half of the blade of the primary guide vane 10 returns to the position of the heat dissipation impeller, and the heat generated by the motor stator winding is dissipated to the external environment through the blades of the primary guide vane 10.

The invention provides an underwater propeller that can work in an underwater environment and has the characteristics of compact structure, high efficiency, and low noise. The thruster uses a three-stage series propulsion assembly. Each stage of the propulsion assembly is driven by a rim motor. The rim motor rotor directly drives the propellers at each stage. It has a compact structure and high transmission efficiency. Under the same thrust requirement, the three-stage series propulsion assembly The inner propeller rotates at a low speed, and the propellers at each level can be independently designed and optimized according to operating conditions, which can further improve propulsion efficiency and reduce noise; the stator part of the motor is sealed and oil-filled, which can protect the stator winding and resist external pressure in deep water. There are through holes in the guide vane blades, and the shaft drives the heat dissipation impeller to circulate the oil to meet the heat dissipation needs of the propeller during high-power operation. The first-stage propulsion assembly, the second-stage propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly can operate independently as single-stage thrusters, or two or three stages can be connected in series to form different stages of thrusters.

This invention uses three rim motors to drive propellers at each level respectively. The motor rotor is directly mounted on the propeller. It has high transmission efficiency and compact structure. The propellers at each level are independently designed for easy arrangement. Under the same thrust, the rotation speed is low and the noise is low. The stator and bearing parts of the first-stage motor are sealed and oil-filled. The heat dissipation impeller on the shaft can circulate the oil and can operate in an underwater environment with high power for a long time.

The above descriptions are only embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, expansions, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The three-stage underwater propeller is characterized by comprising a diversion cap (1), a front guide vane (2), a first-stage propulsion assembly, a second-stage propulsion assembly, a third-stage propulsion assembly and a tail diversion cone (15), wherein the first-stage propulsion assembly, the second-stage propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly are sequentially coaxially arranged, the first-stage propulsion assembly and the second-stage propulsion assembly are connected through a first connecting ring (4), the second-stage propulsion assembly and the third-stage propulsion assembly are connected through a second connecting ring (6), the front guide vane (2) is fixed at the front end of the first-stage propulsion assembly, the diversion cap (1) is arranged on the front guide vane (2), and the tail diversion cone (15) is fixed at the rear end of the third-stage propulsion assembly;

the primary propulsion assembly, the secondary propulsion assembly and the tertiary propulsion assembly have the same structure and comprise a rim motor, a propeller, guide vanes and a shaft (16), wherein the propeller is connected to the front end of the shaft (16) and can rotate along with the shaft (16); the rim motor is arranged at the outer side of the rim of the propeller and used for driving the propeller to rotate;

the guide vane is rotatably arranged on the shaft (16), and an external oil inlet channel and an external oil return channel which are communicated with the rim motor are arranged on the outer side of the rim of the guide vane;

the rim motor comprises a stator casing (3), a stator front end cover (17), a watertight socket (18), a stator iron core (19), an inner isolation sleeve (20), a stator rear end cover (21), an oil plug (22), a rotor iron core (23) and a stator sealing sleeve (24), wherein the rotor iron core (23) is arranged on the outer side of the rim of the propeller; the stator core (19) is arranged on the inner wall of the stator casing (3) and corresponds to the rotor core (23), a plurality of oil holes are circumferentially distributed on the stator core (19), and each oil hole is axially arranged; the front end cover (17) and the rear end cover (21) of the stator are respectively arranged at two ends of the stator casing, the stator sealing sleeve (24) is arranged between the front end cover (17) and the rear end cover (21) of the stator, and the watertight socket (18) is fixed at the front end of the stator casing (3);

a heat dissipation impeller (32) is arranged between the guide vane and the shaft (16), and the heat dissipation impeller (32) is connected with the shaft (16) and rotates together with the shaft (16); the blades of the heat dissipation impeller (32) correspond to the through holes of the rear half part on the guide vane.

2. The independently driven three-stage underwater propeller according to claim 1, wherein an internal oil inlet cavity and an internal oil return cavity are arranged between the stator core (19) and the stator rear end cover (21), one end of the internal oil inlet cavity is communicated with the external oil inlet channel, and the other end of the internal oil inlet cavity is communicated with a plurality of oil through holes on the stator core (19); the inner oil return cavity is communicated with the outer oil return channel.

3. The independently driven three-stage underwater propeller according to claim 2, wherein the inner oil inlet cavity and the inner oil return cavity are formed by separation between the stator core (19) and the stator rear end cover (21) through an inner spacer sleeve (20), and the inner oil inlet cavity is located outside the inner oil return cavity in the radial direction.

4. The independently driven three-stage underwater propeller according to claim 2, characterized in that an outer isolation sleeve (25) and an oil bag (26) positioned outside the outer isolation sleeve (25) are connected between the stator rear end cover (21) and the rim of the guide vane, and the oil bag (26) is fixed through a primary oil bag compression ring (27) arranged outside; the space between the outer isolating sleeve (25) and the oil bag (26) forms the outer oil inlet channel; the inner space of the outer spacer (25) forms the outer oil return passage.

5. The independently driven three-stage underwater propeller according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of oil plugs (22) are circumferentially arranged on the stator front end cover (17).

6. The independently driven three-stage underwater propeller according to claim 1, characterized in that both ends of the guide vane are connected with a hub front end cover (29) and a hub rear end cover (33); an oil seal (30) is embedded on the front end cover (29) of the hub, and a rear oil plug (34) is arranged on the rear end cover (33) of the hub.

7. The independently driven three stage underwater vehicle of any of claims 1-6 wherein the primary propulsion assembly, the secondary propulsion assembly and the three stage propulsion assembly are independently operable as a single stage vehicle or two or three stages are connected in series to form different stages of vehicle.