CN115045753A

CN115045753A - Vane rotor engine

Info

Publication number: CN115045753A
Application number: CN202210801428.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范杰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-07-07
Filing date: 2022-07-07
Publication date: 2022-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 2042-07-07
Also published as: CN115045753B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and particularly discloses a vane rotor engine which comprises a shell, a rotor and vanes, wherein the rotor and the vanes are rotatably arranged in the shell, the rotor is provided with vane grooves, the vanes are arranged in the vane grooves in a radial sliding manner under the action of springs, the inward protruding part of the shell is provided with a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is provided with an opening and a stop block for controlling the opening and the closing of the opening, the structure ensures that a mixed gas of fuel and air can be fully compressed in the combustion chamber and can be ignited in advance, the full combustion expansion work of the mixed gas is ensured, the effects of energy saving and emission reduction are achieved, meanwhile, the direct circular motion work output can be realized, and a crankshaft connecting rod output structure of a traditional four-stroke piston internal combustion engine and a camshaft output structure of the rotor engine are eliminated, the efficiency is further improved, and meanwhile, the effects of simplifying the structure and reducing the weight are achieved.

Description

Blade rotor engine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and particularly relates to a vane rotor engine.

Background

The conventional internal combustion engine is a common four-stroke piston reciprocating engine, and has the defects that reciprocating motion of a piston needs to be converted into circular motion through a connecting rod crankshaft for output, a transmission shaft performs air inlet, compression and work application, and the four exhaust strokes perform work once every 720 degrees of motion, so that the overall structure is complex, the efficiency is low and the weight is heavy; another common internal combustion engine is a rotary engine, also called wankel engine, which has the disadvantages that the compression ratio of the mixed gas is not as high as that of a reciprocating internal combustion engine, and a relatively stable combustion space is not available, which means that pre-ignition cannot be performed to fully combust the mixed gas and then expand the mixed gas to do work, so that one common problem of the rotary engine is that a part of fuel is not combusted and then is discharged along with exhaust gas, so that the fuel is insufficiently combusted and the emission is poor.

Accordingly, the inventors have endeavored to design a vane rotor engine to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the vane rotor engine is provided with an independent and stable combustion chamber, so that mixed gas is fully combusted in the combustion chamber, expanded and directly acts on a vane rotor pair to do work in a circular motion manner, the fuel is fully combusted, expanded and does work, the efficiency is improved, the structure is simplified, the weight is reduced, and the emission of the vane rotor engine is more in line with the environmental protection trend and standard.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a blade rotor engine, includes the casing, and fixed the setting is in the end cover at casing axial both ends to and rotate and set up rotor and blade in the casing, the blade groove has been seted up to the rotor, the blade radially slides and sets up the blade inslot, rotor axial central authorities fixedly connected with transmission shaft, the transmission shaft passes the end cover handle the rotor with the blade with the casing rotates the connection, its characterized in that, be provided with the combustion chamber in the casing, the combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber opening and control the dog of combustion chamber opening switching.

As an improvement of the vane rotor engine of the invention, the cross section profile of the casing is an inwardly protruding cam ring, and the combustion chamber is arranged in a bulge of the cam ring in the axial direction of the casing.

As an improvement of the vane rotor engine, a combustion chamber opening is arranged on one side of the expansion working cavity of the combustion chamber, the stop block is arranged in the combustion chamber opening, and the opening and the closing of the combustion chamber are controlled by the reciprocating sliding of the stop block.

The improvement of the vane rotor engine is characterized in that the outer ring surface of the rotor is in rotating contact fit with the top of the annular protrusion of the cam.

As an improvement of the vane rotor engine, the number of the vane grooves and the number of the vanes are respectively one, a spring is arranged between the bottom of the vane groove and the vanes, and one extending end of each vane is in sliding contact with the inner ring surface of the shell under the action of the spring.

As an improvement of the vane rotor engine, a compressed air channel and a one-way valve for controlling the opening and closing of the compressed air channel are arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber on one side of an axial contact line between the outer ring surface of the rotor and the annular convex part of the cam.

The vane rotor engine is characterized in that an air inlet, an air inlet valve and a spark plug are arranged on the combustion chamber part of the shell, the air inlet is communicated with the combustion chamber and is controlled to be opened and closed by the air inlet valve, the ignition end of the spark plug extends into the combustion chamber, an air outlet and an exhaust valve for controlling the opening and closing of the air outlet are arranged on the shell which is away from the stop block in the rotation direction of the vanes, and a fuel nozzle is arranged on the shell between the air outlet and the stop block.

As an improvement of the vane rotor engine of the present invention, the combustion chamber portion of the housing is provided with the intake port, the intake valve, the spark plug, and the fuel nozzle, the intake port communicates with the combustion chamber and the opening and closing of the intake port is controlled by the intake valve, the ignition end of the spark plug and the fuel nozzle extend into the combustion chamber, and the housing, which is located at a corresponding distance from the stopper in the vane rotation direction, is provided with an exhaust port and an exhaust valve for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust port.

As an improvement of the blade rotor engine, the end cover is provided with a bearing, the transmission shaft extends out of the centers of the two axial ends of the rotor, penetrates through the end cover and the bearing and rotatably connects the blades of the rotor with the shell, and the two axial ends of the rotor and the blades are respectively in sliding contact with the inner end surface of the end cover.

The vane rotor engine is characterized in that the shell, end covers at two axial ends of the shell, the vanes and the rotor form a working cavity except the combustion chamber, the rotating vanes dynamically divide the working cavity after rotating the top of the annular convex part of the cam to form an expansion working cavity/an air inlet cavity and a compression cavity, the front cavity taking the vanes as a dividing body and the rotation direction of the vanes is a compression cavity, the rear cavity of the rotation direction of the vanes is an expansion working cavity or an air inlet cavity, and when the vanes rotate through the exhaust port and the exhaust valve and the air inlet valve are opened to start exhaust and intake, the expansion working cavity is changed into the air inlet cavity.

Compared with the prior art, when the protruding end of the blade rotates to the peak position of the inward protruding part of the combustion chamber, the vane rotor engine of the invention has the advantages that: compressed gas is completely transferred into a combustion chamber through a compressed gas transfer channel and is fully compressed, a check valve for controlling the opening and closing of the compressed gas channel is closed, an opening block of the combustion chamber is closed, the combustion chamber is completely closed, a fuel nozzle injects fuel to form mixed gas under the condition of direct injection in a cylinder of the combustion chamber, if the mixed gas is formed by injecting low-pressure fuel immediately after air intake is finished, the fuel is not injected at the moment, a spark plug jumps ahead to ignite the mixed gas, at the moment, a rotor and blades continue to rotate and reach the front of the block of the combustion chamber in a closed state, the block is opened when the mixed gas is fully combusted, high-temperature and high-pressure gas rapidly expands through the opening of the combustion chamber of the opened block to push a rotor blade pair to continue to rotate to do work, and the combustion chamber and a control mechanism thereof are independent, so that an early ignition strategy and a higher compression ratio of the mixed gas are realized, the full combustion of the fuel is guaranteed, and the rotor blade pair is directly pushed to rotate to do work on the outer output circumference.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vane rotor engine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the vane rotor engine of the present invention with the end cover removed;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the vane rotor engine of the present invention with the end cover removed to see the combustion chamber opening;

FIG. 4 shows the corresponding movement process nodes a, b, c, d, e of the vane rotor engine according to the invention

Schematic representation.

Illustration of the drawings:

111. housing, 112, rotor, 113, vanes, 114, stops, 115, spark plugs, 116, intake valves, 117, exhaust valves, 118, fuel nozzles, 119, combustion chamber, 120, vane slots, 121, check valves, 122, working chamber, 123, end cap, 124, bearings, 125, drive shaft, 126, expansion working/intake chamber, 127, compression chamber, 128, compression gas passage, 129, intake port, 130, exhaust port, 131, combustion chamber opening, 132, spring.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are for reference and illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a vane rotor engine comprises a housing 111, the cross section of the housing 111 is a cam ring protruding inwards, the inner annular surface of the cam ring is provided with an arc-shaped curved surface which is preferably continuous and tangent to minimize resistance and oscillation when one end of a vane 113 extending out of the cam ring slides along the curved surface, a combustion chamber 119 is arranged in the protruding part of the cam ring, one side of the combustion chamber 119, which is communicated with a working cavity 122, is provided with a combustion chamber opening 131, a stopper 114 is arranged in the combustion chamber opening 131, the stopper 114 can slide back and forth to control the opening and closing of the combustion chamber opening 131, the bottom of the combustion chamber 119 is provided with a compressed air channel 128 and a one-way valve 121 for controlling the opening and closing of the compressed air channel 128 on one side of the axial contact line of the rotor 112 and the cam ring protruding part, the upper part of the combustion chamber 119 is provided with a spark plug 115, an air inlet 129 and an air inlet valve 116 for controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet 129, the ignition end of the spark plug 115 penetrates through the housing 111 and extends into the combustion chamber 119, an air outlet 130 and an air outlet valve 117 for controlling the opening and closing of the air outlet 130 are arranged on the shell 111 which is far away from the stop block 114 in the rotation direction of the vane 113, the air outlet valve 117 can only be opened outwards in one direction, the curvature of the end surface of the air outlet valve 117 facing to one end of the working cavity 122 keeps continuous and consistent with the curvature of the adjacent part around the inner ring surface of the shell 111 when the air outlet valve 117 is in a closed state, the air outlet 130 is ensured to be sealed, meanwhile, the expansion working cavity/air inlet cavity 126 and the compression cavity 127 are prevented from being communicated with each other due to no sealing when the extending end of the vane 113 slides through the part, the distance between the air outlet 130 and the stop block 113 is preferably set to be the maximum effective distance of the expansion working of the mixed air in the working cavity 122 after the mixed air is fully combusted in the combustion chamber 119, a fuel nozzle 118 is also arranged on the shell 111 between the vane 113 and the air outlet 130, and the nozzle of the fuel nozzle 118 does not protrude out of the inner ring surface of the shell 111, and the radial width of the nozzle is smaller than the radial width of the contact surface between the extending end of the vane 113 and the inner ring surface of the casing 111 to prevent the extending end of the vane 113 from expanding between the acting cavity/air inlet cavity 126 and the compression cavity 127 because of mutual air leakage due to no seal when sliding through the part, the rotor 112 is rotatably arranged in the casing 111, the vane slot 120 is arranged on the rotor 112, the vane 113 is radially and reciprocally arranged in the vane slot 120, and the spring 132 is arranged between the bottom of the vane slot 120 and the vane 113.

The two axial ends of the housing 111 are fixedly provided with end covers 123, the center of the end cover 123 is provided with a bearing 124, a transmission shaft 125 extends out from the axial center of the rotor 112 and penetrates through the end cover 123 and the bearing 124 to rotatably connect the rotor 112 and the blades 113 with the housing 111, and the two axial ends of the rotor 112 and the blades 113 are respectively in sliding contact with the inner end faces of the two end covers 123.

Referring to fig. 1, it is preferable that the ignition plugs 115 are uniformly provided in two in the axial direction of the housing 111 on the combustion chamber 119 to minimize the propagation distance of flame in each direction when the compressed air-fuel mixture is ignited in the combustion chamber 119.

Referring to fig. 3, a detailed schematic view of the combustion chamber opening 131 and the stopper 114 controlling the opening and closing of the combustion chamber opening 131 can be seen, the stopper 114 is disposed in the combustion chamber opening 131, one end of the radial direction penetrates through the housing 111, two ends of the axial direction of the stopper 114 are in concave-convex fit with guide rails disposed at two ends of the axial direction of the combustion chamber opening 131 to realize reciprocating sliding to realize the opening and closing of the combustion chamber opening 131, the size of the combustion chamber opening 131 is set to minimize the resistance when the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the combustion chamber rushes towards and presses the vane 113 to rotate to do work, and preferably, the size and shape of the combustion chamber opening 131 are kept consistent with the size and the size of the axial cross section of the working chamber 122 adjacent to the guide rails disposed at two ends of the axial direction of the combustion chamber opening 131.

Referring to the schematic diagram of node a and node b in fig. 4, the housing 111, the end caps 123 at two ends of the housing 111 in the axial direction, the vane 113 and the rotor 112 together form a working chamber 122 except for the combustion chamber 119, the working chamber 122 is dynamically divided by the rotating vane 113 after rotating the top of the annular convex portion of the cam to form an expansion working chamber/intake chamber 126 and a compression chamber 127, the front chamber taking the vane 113 itself as the rotating direction of the divided body vane 113 is the compression chamber 127, the rear chamber in the rotating direction of the vane 113 is the expansion working chamber/intake chamber 126, and when the vane 113 rotates through the exhaust port 130 and starts to exhaust and intake respectively after the exhaust valve 117 and the intake valve 116 are opened, the expansion working chamber 126 becomes the intake chamber 126.

Referring to the schematic diagram of node c in fig. 4, it is apparent that the check valve 121 controlling the opening and closing of the compressed air passage 128 is in an open state, the compressed air passage 128 communicates the compression chamber 127 with the combustion chamber 119, and the compressed air is pressed into the combustion chamber 119 at the end of the compression chamber 127 in the working chamber 122.

The outer circumferential surface of the rotor 112 is in rotational contact with the top of the cam ring protrusion, and the end of the vane 113 protruding from the vane groove 120 by the spring 132 is slidably connected to the inner circumferential surface of the housing 111.

The working principle of the vane rotor engine provided by the invention is as follows: referring to the schematic diagram of node a in fig. 4, when the vane 113 has rotated to the front of the combustion chamber opening 131, the stopper 114 is opened, the rest of the intake valve 116, the exhaust valve 117, and the check valve 121 are all closed, the mixture in the combustion chamber 119 has been ignited by the spark plug 115, and after sufficient combustion, begins to expand and push the vane 113 to drive the rotor 112 and the transmission shaft 125 to rotate and do work, and simultaneously the mixture in the working chamber 122 in front of the rotation direction of the vane 113 begins to be compressed, referring to the schematic diagram of node b in fig. 4, when the vane 113 rotates through the exhaust port 130, the working stroke ends, the exhaust valve 117 opens and begins to exhaust, the intake valve 116 opens and begins to intake, the mixture in front of the rotation direction of the vane 113 continues to be compressed, referring to the schematic diagram of node c in fig. 4, when the vane 113 continues to rotate a certain angle, the exhaust-completed exhaust valve 117 is closed, the intake-completed intake valve 116 is closed, the fuel injector 118 injects fuel into the intake chamber 126 to form a mixture (which is called a fuel normal pressure injection scheme because the fuel injection is performed just after the intake is completed and the compression has not yet started at a nearly normal pressure), the stopper 114 is closed, the mixture in front of the rotation direction of the vane 113 is further compressed into the compression chamber 127, the compressed mixture of the check valve 121 is pushed open, the compression passage 128 communicates with the combustion chamber 119 and the compression chamber 127, and the compressed mixture is transferred from the compression chamber 127 to the combustion chamber 119 as the vane 113 continues to rotate, referring to the d-node diagram of fig. 4, the vane has been rotated to the vertex position of the annular inward protrusion of the cam, the mixture has been completely transferred into the combustion chamber 119 and has been fully compressed, the check valve 121 is closed, the spark plug 115 is jumped to ignite the mixture, the blades continue to rotate, and referring to the schematic diagram of the node e in fig. 4, at this time, the blades 113 rotate to the front of the combustion chamber opening 131, the stopper 114 starts to open, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas which is ignited in advance and fully combusted at the previous node violently expands to start to rush out of the combustion chamber 119 to push the blades 113 to rotate to do work, and after the schematic diagram of the node e in fig. 4 is connected, the stopper 114 is completely opened to start the next new working cycle, returning to the schematic diagram of the node a in fig. 4. The above description of the operating principle is taken as an example of a working cycle in normal operation, assuming that there is already a fully compressed mixture in the combustion chamber 119 and a mixture in the working chamber 122 in the a-node diagram.

Alternatively, the fuel injection nozzle 118 is shifted to the combustion chamber 119, and the fuel injection is performed after the fuel injection is changed from the intake to the complete transfer of the new intake air from the compression cavity 127 to the combustion chamber 119, and the fuel injection is performed in the combustion chamber 119 immediately before the ignition to form the mixture, while the other processes remain unchanged, because the new intake air is already sufficiently compressed in the combustion chamber 119 to reach the predetermined compression ratio at this time, and the fuel injection requires a higher injection pressure, so this alternative is called a fuel high-pressure injection scheme.

The vane rotor engine has the beneficial technical effects that:

(1) the combination of the combustion chamber 119, the combustion chamber opening 131 and the stop 114 ensures that the final compression space stability of the mixture is ensured, and the desired compression ratio and combustion space shape can be obtained by machining the size and shape of the combustion chamber 119.

(2) The timing of opening of the stop 114 and the angle of rotation of the vane 113 make it possible to achieve pre-ignition of the mixture, i.e. when the vane 113 is rotated to the top position of the inward projection of the cam ring (at which time the compressed air is fully displaced from the compression chamber 127 to the inside of the combustion chamber 119 and is sufficiently compressed, the compressed air passage 128 is closed by the check valve 121, the intake valve 116 is closed, the stop 114 is closed, and the combustion chamber 119 is completely closed), i.e. when the spark plug jumps to ignite the mixture, the vane 113 continues to rotate until reaching the corresponding angular position in front of the combustion chamber opening 131, the stop 114 controlling the opening and closing of the combustion chamber opening 131 does not start to open, at which time the mixture has been combusted in the combustion chamber 119 for a certain period of time (this period of time is the time taken for the vane 113 to rotate from the top position of the inward projection of the cam ring to the corresponding position in front of the combustion chamber opening 131), the fully combusted high-temperature and high-pressure gas rushes out from the opening 131 of the combustion chamber at a high speed to push the blades 113 to rotate to do work.

(3) The high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the combustion chamber 119 impacts the vane 113 to rotate, and then drives the rotor 112 and the transmission shaft 125 to rotate to output and do work, so that all intermediate motion conversion links and corresponding conversion mechanisms, such as a camshaft mechanism for converting reciprocating motion of a piston type internal combustion engine into circular motion and a corresponding connecting rod crankshaft structure, and a camshaft mechanism for converting cam motion of a rotor engine into circular motion, are eliminated.

(4) Because the exhaust process and the air inlet process of the vane rotor engine are carried out simultaneously, the air or the mixture is not sucked in by forming vacuum in the cylinder like the air inlet process of the traditional internal combustion engine, the active air inlet is carried out by adopting a turbocharging mode, a mechanical supercharging mode or an electronic supercharging mode, so that the exhaust gas which is already at the normal pressure in the later stage of exhaust can be expelled by using the pressure of the inlet air, and the cleanness and the thoroughness of the exhaust gas and no fuel waste are ensured because only fresh air enters the air inlet cavity 126.

(5) Because the combustion expansion working space and the fresh air inlet space of the vane rotor engine are alternately performed in the same space, namely the combustion chamber 119 and the expansion working cavity/air inlet cavity 126, the part is subjected to a high-temperature heating process of combustion expansion working, namely an air inlet process, namely fresh air is introduced to cool the part, so that the whole engine is heated and cooled to achieve a balanced effect, and the situations that the combustion expansion working is fixed at a space position to cause the whole engine to be heated unevenly, slightly deformed and partially worn seriously like the traditional rotor engine can not occur.

(6) On the premise of adopting normal-pressure fuel injection, because the working stroke and the compression stroke of the vane rotor engine are simultaneously carried out, and the compression stroke is not finished and is still carried out after the working stroke is finished, the mixed gas is finally transferred into the combustion chamber 119 from the compression cavity 127 through the compressed gas channel 128 to reach a preset compression ratio to prepare for combustion work, through the compression and transfer processes in the series of cavities with different shapes and sizes, the fuel quantity can be accurately injected and fully stirred and mixed with air, so that the mixed gas has better combustion performance.

The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a blade rotor engine, includes the casing, and fixed the setting is in the end cover at casing axial both ends to and rotate and set up rotor and blade in the casing, the blade groove has been seted up to the rotor, the blade radially slides and sets up the blade inslot, rotor axial central authorities fixedly connected with transmission shaft, the transmission shaft passes the end cover handle the rotor with the blade with the casing rotates the connection, its characterized in that, be provided with the combustion chamber in the casing, the combustion chamber is provided with combustion chamber opening and control the dog of combustion chamber opening switching.

2. The vane rotor engine of claim 1, wherein the casing cross-sectional profile is an inwardly projecting cam ring, and the combustion chamber is disposed in a projection of the cam ring in an axial direction of the casing.

3. The vane rotor engine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber opening is opened on a side of the combustion chamber close to the expansion work application chamber, the stopper is provided in the combustion chamber opening, and the opening and closing of the combustion chamber opening are controlled by the stopper in a reciprocating sliding manner.

4. The vane rotor engine of claim 1, wherein said outer rotor ring surface is in rotational contact engagement with said cam ring nose apex.

5. The vane rotor engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the vane slot and the number of the vanes are one, and a spring is provided between the bottom of the vane slot and the vane, and one end of the vane extending out is in sliding contact with the inner annular surface of the housing by the spring.

6. The vane rotor engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the combustion chamber is provided with a compressed air passage and a check valve for controlling the opening and closing of the compressed air passage at a side of a contact portion between the outer circumferential surface of the rotor and the top of the cam ring-shaped protrusion.

7. The vane rotor engine according to claim 1, wherein an intake port, an intake valve and a spark plug are provided in the combustion chamber portion of the housing, the intake port communicates with the combustion chamber and is controlled to be opened and closed by the intake valve, a firing end of the spark plug extends into the combustion chamber, an exhaust port and an exhaust valve for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust port are provided in the housing at a corresponding distance from the stopper in a direction in which the vane rotates, and a fuel nozzle is provided in the housing between the exhaust port and the stopper.

8. The vane rotor engine according to claim 1, wherein said intake port, said intake valve, said ignition plug and said fuel nozzle are provided in said combustion chamber portion of said housing, said intake port communicates with said combustion chamber and is opened and closed by said intake valve, said ignition end of said ignition plug and said fuel nozzle are extended into said combustion chamber, and said housing, which is located at a corresponding distance from said stopper in a rotational direction of said vane, is provided with an exhaust port and an exhaust valve for opening and closing said exhaust port.

9. The vane rotor engine of claim 1, wherein the end cap is provided with a bearing, the shaft extends from the center of the rotor axially through the end cap and the bearing to rotatably connect the rotor and the housing, and the rotor and the blade axially slidably contact the inner end surfaces of the end cap.

10. The vane rotor engine according to claim 1, wherein the housing, the end caps at both axial ends of the housing, the vane, and the rotor together form the working chamber other than the combustion chamber, and the rotating vane dynamically divides the working chamber after rotating over the top of the cam ring-shaped projection to form an expansion working chamber/intake chamber, a compression chamber, a front chamber in the vane rotating direction with the vane itself as a dividing body is the compression chamber, a rear chamber in the vane rotating direction is the expansion working chamber/intake chamber, and the expansion working chamber is changed to the intake chamber when the vane rotates over the exhaust port and after the exhaust valve and the intake valve are both opened to start exhaust and intake.