CN106948934B

CN106948934B - Power system of internal combustion engine with oscillating block matched with cam rotor

Info

Publication number: CN106948934B
Application number: CN201710172858.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙守林; 卞永宁; 张光临; 洪鹏飞; 杨扬; 王琳
Original assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Current assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Priority date: 2017-03-23
Filing date: 2017-03-23
Publication date: 2020-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-23
Also published as: CN106948934A

Abstract

The invention relates to a power system of a pendulum block matching a cam rotor internal combustion engine, belonging to the field of internal combustion engines, and relates to a power system of a pendulum block matching a cam rotor internal combustion engine. In the power system, the cam rotor and a plurality of oscillating followers are used to form a cam mechanism, and a plurality of circumferentially distributed sealed working chambers are formed with the rotor chamber and the end members. The valve completes the four processes of intake, compression, work, and exhaust in the Otto cycle, and directly converts the chemical energy generated by gas combustion into mechanical energy in the form of fixed-axis rotation of the rotor. The invention does not need the planetary motion of the triangular rotor and the inner cavity of a specific shape, and the high-pressure gas directly pushes the fixed shaft of the rotor to rotate and outputs power, the structure is simple, and the parameter adjustable range is large. It is easy to realize flexible control under the control of the additional pendulum escapement, which has many outstanding advantages compared with the piston internal combustion engine and the triangular rotor internal combustion engine power system.

Description

Power system of internal combustion engine with oscillating block matched with cam rotor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of internal combustion engines, and relates to a power system of an internal combustion engine with a swinging block matched with a cam rotor.

Background

Piston engines were the first engines to come out. The reciprocating linear motion of the piston in the cylinder is realized by the crank-slider mechanism. The four working processes of complete air intake, compression, work application and air exhaust, namely an Otto cycle, are completed in the cylinder in two revolutions of the crankshaft. People generally think that the piston type internal combustion engine has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, compact structure, strong maneuverability, simple and convenient operation and maintenance, and the like, and even think that a power device of the piston type internal combustion engine, particularly a mechanical structure, reaches the peak-climbing pole-making degree. However, the work process of the output power of the piston internal combustion engine only occupies one fourth of the work process, so the motion fluctuation is large, the work process must be kept continuous by a flywheel, and particularly the thermal efficiency is only about 40 percent. The piston internal combustion engine has a single structure, lacks variability, and only improves power by increasing the size or connecting a plurality of systems in parallel; moreover, limited by the characteristics of the slider-crank mechanism, the chemical energy generated by the power stroke is difficult to be effectively utilized: if the fuel explosive force is the strongest time period, the corresponding crank is just near the dead point, and the explosive force mainly takes internal consumption as the main part at the time, and the maximum driving moment can not be generated because the force arm is close to zero; the maximum arm length and the piston stroke depend on the fixed crank length, the explosive force of the fuel is reduced greatly at the position corresponding to the maximum arm, and the composition of the power mechanism of the piston internal combustion engine determines that the chemical energy of the fuel cannot be fully converted. This is also a fundamental reason why it is difficult to improve the efficiency of the piston internal combustion engine.

The triangular rotor internal combustion engine (also called triangular piston rotary engine) is the only rotor internal combustion engine which is successfully commercialized at present. The triangle rotor internal combustion engine has one or more curved triangle rotors with equal diameter characteristic, and a rotor chamber with a special oval inner cavity profile is used as a cylinder; the rotor has three surfaces and the cylinder wall can form three independent spaces, namely combustion chambers. The rotor is forced to move in the cylinder in a planetary way by the meshing of the crankshaft and the gear, and the rotor regularly exposes out of the air inlet and outlet holes when moving, so that the Otto cycle can be completed in sequence without being provided with three special air valves like a piston internal combustion engine. The rotor replaces the action of the piston and converts pressure into rotary motion output. The rotor continuously rotates in one direction, rather than a reciprocating linear motion that changes direction drastically. The triangular rotor rotates for a circle, and the engine is ignited to do work for three times. The internal combustion engine with the triangular rotor well solves the problems of end face sealing and radial sealing, is simple in structure, small in size, light in weight, quiet in operation, low in noise and uniform in torque characteristic. But still has the key problems of over-high processing requirement of core components, over-sensitivity to abrasion, difficult adjustment of compression ratio, low thermal efficiency and the like, and the combustion utilization rate is still difficult to improve. At the same time, like piston engines, the expansibility of the delta rotor engine structure is also limited. In addition, the expansion force generated by the fuel has natural defects in the transmission of the force when the expansion force is converted into the power of an output shaft. Although the rotor can be pushed to rotate by the expansion force, the moment of the resultant force acting on the rotor shaft is difficult to increase, and the internal consumption ratio is too high.

The existing internal combustion engines use many kinds of fuels, such as gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene, natural gas, petroleum gas, coal gas, hydrogen and the like. The fuel supply mode of the power system in the working process of the internal combustion engine has two modes: one is that the fuel is gasified or atomized and mixed with oxidant (usually air) and then enters the combustion chamber, and the other is that the fuel is separately filled by a filling device and does not enter the combustion chamber synchronously with the oxidant. There are also two ways of fuel ignition: one is ignition by spark plug, and the other is self-ignition by compression and temperature rise, such as diesel oil.

Disclosure of Invention

Inspired by the application of a cam mechanism in a pump and motor structure, the internal combustion engine Otto cycle special requirement is reformed, and after the breakthrough of the key technology of orderly conversion of four processes, a rotor internal combustion engine power device based on a combined cam mechanism is provided.

The basic design idea is as follows: the cam is arranged in the cylinder in a fixed shaft mode, a variable annular gap is formed by utilizing the radial difference of a far resting area and a near resting area of the cam, the annular gap is circumferentially divided into a plurality of sealing chambers by a group of driven pieces, the gas working state of each chamber is controlled by a valve, and the same working process of the piston engine can be achieved as long as reasonable radial sealing and end face sealing are achieved. Moreover, delta rotor engines have provided good precedent for radial and face seals.

According to the flexibility of the design of the cam mechanism, the motion forms of the cam follower comprise a linear motion follower, a swinging follower and a planar motion follower combined with linear motion and swinging. The working end of the driven member may be in the form of a cusp, dome, plateau, or roller. The cam itself can be divided into an outer surface cam and a cam, a disc cam, a cylindrical cam, a spherical cam and the like, and different design results can be generated by adding different profile shapes, lift and return stroke change rules, whether far and near rest exists, the number and the like of the cam. Although these factors all can adopt the same principle to realize the idea, the structural arrangement mode has certain difference.

The structure disclosed by the invention is a structural scheme combining an outer profile cam and a swinging block, namely a swinging driven piece.

The basic design scheme is as follows: in the rotor bin, a cam rotor is arranged in a fixed shaft mode through an end component, and the end component, the rotor bin and the cam rotor form end sealing; the outer contour surface of the cam rotor is a revolution surface formed by revolving a plane smooth curve section around a central shaft, radial synchronous change of each point on a bus is realized in the forming process, and the end surface contour of the cam rotor is a smooth closed plane curve everywhere; the inner wall of the rotor bin is also a revolution surface, so that an annular clearance with the radial difference changing is formed between the rotor bin and the cam rotor. A plurality of intermediate pieces are further arranged between the interior of the rotor bin and the cam rotor cam profile surface, the intermediate pieces are swinging blocks, the swinging blocks are used as cam followers, one ends of the swinging blocks are connected with swinging block grooves formed in the rotor bin, the joints have sealing performance along the whole connecting length, and sealable high-pair connections are formed between the other ends of the swinging blocks and the cam rotor profile surface, so that the annular gap is divided into a plurality of isolation sections;

the connecting parts of the swing blocks and the end parts of the end parts and/or the rotor bins also form a seal, so that a plurality of mutually separated and sealed working chambers are formed among the inner surface of the rotor bin, the outer surface of the cam rotor, the swing blocks and the end parts, and the sealed chambers can change in volume along with the relative movement between the cam rotor and the rotor bins;

the working chambers are provided with air inlet and air outlet openings, the flowing direction of air can be controlled under the coordination of the air valves controlled by the air valve controller, so that the air inlet process, the compression process, the ignition expansion working process and the air outlet process of the Otto cycle are sequentially finished in each working chamber, and the expansion working process converts the chemical energy generated by fuel combustion into the mechanical energy output by the cam rotor relative to the rotor bin in the form of rotary motion.

The rotor chamber and the cam rotor can be used as rotating parts for rotating output, and the end part component can be fixed with one of the rotor chamber and the cam rotor into a whole or independent of the rotor chamber and the cam rotor on the premise of keeping end part sealing with the rotor chamber and the cam rotor and enabling the rotor chamber and the cam rotor to rotate relative to a fixed shaft.

The inner cavity of the rotor bin and the generatrix of the outer surface revolution surface of the cam rotor can be simple plane curves such as straight lines, arc lines and the like or a combination thereof, and the cam profile of the section of the cam rotor perpendicular to the rotating shaft enables the swinging block which forms the relationship of the cam mechanism to not generate rigid impact and/or flexible impact, namely, no speed sudden change and acceleration sudden change when moving. Therefore, the stability of connection between the swing block and the cam profile during operation can be facilitated, and impact abrasion of the joint surface is avoided, so that the service life is prolonged.

The cam profile should try to avoid local discontinuities, otherwise it should be tried to ensure the tightness of the pendulum mass when in contact therewith.

The cam profile can adopt various curves commonly used by the cam profile, such as a straight line, an arc, a spline curve, a sine and cosine curve, a polynomial curve, an elliptic curve and the like, or can be formed by combining a plurality of curves.

The cam profile is preferably provided with a far rest section and/or a near rest section, namely the cam profile section of which the high auxiliary connecting end of the swinging block is kept static at the position farthest and closest to the cam shaft, so that the relatively simple motion rule of the swinging block is realized, the relative motion of the swinging block and the rotor bin is reduced, and the abrasion is reduced.

The swing blocks are arranged in corresponding swing block grooves formed in the rotor bin, and the shape of an extending end in contact with the cam contour surface is consistent with the shape of a bus of the cam revolution surface.

The contact between the rocker and the cam can be achieved by a force closure which is relatively easy to achieve, for example, by providing a spring or hydraulic pressure with a suitable stiffness at the bottom of the rocker slot, or by a high-precision or geometrically closed form with radial deformation compensation.

In order to compensate the end surface abrasion of the swing block and enhance the sealing performance, the swing block can be made into a compensation form, for example, a multi-section combined structure is adopted, the middle end surface is in butt joint with a matched inclined interface, and the end surface sealing compensation is realized by small axial dislocation; multiple pieces may also be used to compensate for end seals and to enhance radial seals, etc.

The air inlet and the air outlet are opened at proper positions in a working cavity formed by the central component, the swing blocks and the inner cam rotor, and the opening and the closing of the working cavity are controlled by the air valves respectively.

When the cam rotor and the rotor bin rotate relatively, the volume of the working chamber separated by the swinging block is changed continuously.

In addition, an ignition device is provided according to the necessity of using fuel, and the ignition device should be provided at a position corresponding to the combustion chamber when the mixture reaches a predetermined compression ratio. If the timing of fueling is not synchronized with the oxidant such as air, the fueling inlet of the fueling device should be positioned in the interval corresponding to the intake process and the compression process.

The single set or multiple sets of power systems can be matched with other lubricating systems, cooling systems, gas distribution systems, control systems and other auxiliary systems to form a complete internal combustion engine.

The invention discloses a power system of an internal combustion engine with a swinging block matched with a cam rotor, which has at least the following visible advantages as the core of the internal combustion engine:

1. the power generated by combustion directly acts on the output rotor rotating with the fixed shaft, and the working cavity with the volume change along with the continuous fixed shaft rotation of the rotor directly absorbs the pressure energy generated by the combustion of the fuel without any motion conversion process, so that the motion transmission link is short, and the transmission efficiency is favorably improved.

2. The moment arm of the acting force can be kept unchanged no matter where the fuel explosion generates the maximum explosive force or at the later combustion stage, so that the explosion pressure can be fully utilized.

3. The system can realize the non-eccentric rotation of the rotor, and the system balance is easy to realize, so the system has stable motion, and has no reciprocating motion part, small power loss, small system vibration and low noise operation.

4. The flexible switching of various working mode pieces can be realized through the cooperation of the control system in a unified structure, the adaptability is extremely high, the flexible switching device is particularly suitable for being matched with a computer to carry out flexible automatic control, and forward and reverse rotation control can also be realized.

5. The system has extremely high designability, large parameter range for adjusting combustion performance and power performance, and is expected to greatly improve the heat efficiency; can be designed into an outer rotor or inner rotor output form.

6. The structure is simple, and an impeller and a triangular rotor which have extremely high requirements on machining precision are not needed, so that the manufacturing cost is low.

7. The Otto cycle classical four processes are realized by adopting volume change, and the operation at high and low rotating speeds is applicable. The single-rotation multi-time working is easy to realize, the air input and the working stroke length can be adjusted, and the low-speed and high-torque output can be realized.

8. The volume is small, the flattening and the slenderizing are easy to realize, and the device can adapt to different use space requirements. The moving parts are few, and the device is insensitive to abrasion, easy to realize automatic compensation and high in reliability.

9. Can use various fuels

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the basic structure of a power system of an internal combustion engine with a pendulum mass and a cam rotor, wherein a cam is provided with a single far-rest area, and the number of pendulum mass cam followers is 2.

Description of the symbols: e 01-rotor chamber, e 02-cam rotor, e 03-pendulum block, e 04-end member, e 05-air inlet and outlet with valve, e 06-ignition device

3 fig. 3 2 3 is 3 a 3 top 3 view 3 of 3 the 3 basic 3 structure 3 of 3 a 3 cam 3 rotor 3 pendulum 3 mass 3 internal 3 combustion 3 engine 3 power 3

system

3, 3 and 3 is 3 also 3 a 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3 a 3- 3 a 3 in 3 fig. 3 1 3. 3

Fig. 3 is a diagram of the operation process when the cam rotor has a single far-rest area and the number of the cam follower swinging blocks is 2.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of the operation of the cam rotor with a single far rest area and 3 cam follower pendulums.

Fig. 5 is another diagram of the operation of the cam rotor with a single far rest area and 3 cam follower pendulums.

Fig. 6 is a diagram of the flexible control process when the cam rotor has 2 far rest areas, the number of the pendulum block cam followers is 6, and the cam rotor is controlled by the pendulum block escapement.

Detailed Description

The basic structure of the device is described by specific examples in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings and technical solutions. Since there are too many variations, the working principle is first demonstrated with the simplest one.

For the sake of accurate understanding, the relevant definitions of several cam mechanisms are reiterated: a process of moving the rocker in a direction away from the cam center axis is called a lift, and conversely, a process of moving the rocker in a direction close to the cam center axis is called a return. The cam profile section of the corresponding swing block which is kept stationary at a position far away from the central shaft is called a far resting area, and the cam profile section of the corresponding swing block which is kept stationary at a position close to the central shaft is called a near resting area.

Example one

Referring to fig. 3, assuming the rotor housing is stationary, the cam rotor is a disc cam having a distal and a proximal dwell regions, the distal and proximal angles of repose being slightly less than 180 °. The number of the swinging blocks is 2, and the swinging blocks are symmetrically arranged. After assembly, the overall sealing relationship is as before, and is not repeated, the center of the swinging block is matched with a smaller cylindrical surface, and the free end is also provided with a part of concentric sealing cylindrical surfaces. Therefore, hydraulic oil can be introduced to the outer side of the swing block to realize the contact force sealing of the cam and the swing block. The air inlet and the air outlet are respectively two and are arranged on the rotor bin, are respectively arranged on two sides of the swinging block and are all indicated by movable blocks representing air valves, wherein the corresponding air inlet is provided with a small circle. A pair of air inlet and air outlet are in one group, the air inlet is in front of the air outlet in the same group along the rotation direction of the cam indicated by an arc arrow, and the air outlet is not limited. The ignition device is provided with two ignition devices.

The two swinging blocks divide the space between the rotor and the rotor bin into an upper working cavity and a lower working cavity, the volumes of the two cavities are changed simultaneously when the rotor rotates, and one cavity is enlarged while the other cavity is reduced. The process of volume enlargement can correspond to two processes of air inlet and expansion work, and the process of volume reduction can correspond to two processes of air outlet and compression respectively. Four combination states can therefore occur initially.

The following is discussed initially in terms of an initial charge-compression combination:

initially, the lower chamber is charged while the upper chamber is compressed. The valve state and the working state in the cavity in the working process are shown in the following table.

The next (9) th stage is the same as (1) th stage, i.e. returning to the initial state of the cycle, which is seen to be an infinite cycle.

Due to the special parameter relationship of the embodiment, if the cycle starts from the (3) stage in the figure, the corresponding compression and work combination is obtained; if the cycle starts from the (5) th stage in the figure, the corresponding exhaust and work combination is obtained; if the cycle starts from stage (7) of the figure, it is the corresponding exhaust and intake combination. Thus there is no difference in the initial combinations of this example. But the following example will show that differences in the initial combination settings sometimes produce different application effects.

In the present example, two continuous working processes are provided in two cycles of the rotor, each working process lasts for about 180 degrees, and the total working power output angle is about one cycle, namely, the half cycle has working power output. When the flywheel is used alone, the rotors rotate continuously in the same direction, a certain energy storage effect is achieved, continuous operation can be achieved, and the flywheel is matched for use, so that stable movement is facilitated. If a plurality of sets of systems are used in series or in parallel, and the power-free area and the power-output area of each set of systems are reasonably combined, special energy storage devices such as flywheels and the like can be omitted. Compared with a piston internal combustion engine, although the Otto cycle is completed within two rotations of the output shaft, the present embodiment completes two working processes, and the power output angle is doubled.

In the present example, the performance is only that under the condition of a given relation, the parameter change can cause more complex changes, the initial combination state at that time can correspond to completely different circulation processes, and a superposition, continuation or separation mode of a plurality of working stages can occur. This is especially true when the number of the pendulum masses and the number of the cam peaks are large.

The far and near repose angles of the cam only enable the motion of the swinging block to be relatively simple, the cam is not necessary, the cam can be used as long as the cam can cause the volume change of the working cavity and realize the required compression ratio, and the rule of the volume change is more complex. In this embodiment, the air inlet and outlet are arranged on the inner cylindrical surface of the rotor chamber, and can also be arranged on the swinging block or the end surface of the rotor chamber in a proper way. Even when the rotor bin is rotated and the like, the sealing problem between the adjacent working cavities when the contact point of the swing block and the cam is positioned at the air port is only needed to be further solved, for example, the sealing surface of the swing block is wide enough to cover the front edge and the rear edge of the air port at the same time.

Incidentally, the air inlet is arranged forward, so that the air inlet initial section can reversely inlet air, and the air flow direction and the surface of the cam can roll in a friction mode, thereby being beneficial to mixing fuel and air. Gas transfer also exists in the initial stage of the working process, which is beneficial to full combustion.

Example two

A somewhat more complex situation is demonstrated below by means of figures 4 and 5.

The rotor chamber is fixed, and a cam rotor with a cam profile is used as an output piece. The rotor chamber is provided with three swing blocks to divide the rotor chamber into three sections uniformly, the cam rotor is provided with a far rest area and a near rest area respectively, the angle of repose is approximately as shown in the figure, namely the far rest area of the cam rotor is close to the corresponding central angle between the two swing blocks, and the space between the two swing blocks is a working cavity or a combustion chamber. Fig. 4 and 5 show the corresponding valve states and the operation in the chamber for different positions of the rotor. There are three working chambers, each of which initially has two possible working processes, and thus 8 different combined working modes. Only two are shown here, the rest not being discussed one by one.

In the first mode:

FIG. 4 shows the combination of the three processes of starting air intake from the working chamber, stopping after the right chamber starts working, and compressing from the lower chamber. The so-called rest process is a transient state in which the working chamber volume remains constant. The figure shows the rotor completing two revolutions over the 12 stages of the present example and returning to the initial state.

The next (13) th stage returns to the initial state of the cycle, which is the same as the (1) th stage.

The air inlet is close to the front, so that the air inlet process has a reverse air transfer process, the mixing uniformity is easy to improve, and the air inlet resistance is slightly larger; a period of pause is formed after air inlet and work application, which is beneficial to heat exchange. In the mode, a working period is completed within two revolutions of the rotor, three times of Otto cycles are realized, three cavities respectively complete one working process, each cavity continues working for about 120 degrees, the interval between the two cavities is 120 degrees, the total angle of energy output is about 360 degrees, and an unpowered output area is about 360 degrees.

In the second mode:

fig. 5 shows the combination of the three processes of starting work in the left chamber, stopping after air intake in the right chamber, and starting compression in the lower chamber. The figure shows the rotor completing two revolutions over the 12 stages of the present example and returning to the initial state.

In the mode, a working period is completed within two revolutions of the rotor, three otto cycles are realized, three cavities respectively complete one working process, each cavity continues working for about 120 degrees, no interval exists between two working processes, the working processes are continued for 360 degrees, and the unpowered output area is also a continuous circle. The power output is strong in a half period, but the fluctuation is slightly larger than that of the first mode.

Compared with the previous example, although the working continuous angle is reduced, if a proper large cabin body diameter is adopted, the arc length corresponding to the working can be unchanged or even increased, and the other parameters are adjusted. When the energy-saving flywheel is used independently, the cam rotates continuously, a certain energy storage effect is achieved, continuous operation can be achieved, and the energy-saving flywheel is matched with a flywheel to be more beneficial to stable movement; if a plurality of sets of systems are used in series or in parallel, and the power-output-free area of each set of system corresponds to the power-output-available area of other systems, the special energy storage devices such as a flywheel and the like can be omitted, and the dynamic property is stronger.

EXAMPLE III

Fig. 6 further shows variability. The number of the oscillating blocks and the number of the cam lobes (e.g., the far rest areas) can be arbitrarily increased as long as the circumferential space is sufficiently large. And the size of the working space for completing each working cycle can be changed by adding the swinging block escapement device.

The following parameter relationships are chosen for convenience and clarity of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting. In the figure, two far rest sections of the cam rotor are uniformly distributed, the arc length of the rest sections is slightly larger than the corresponding arc length of the two adjacent swing blocks, so that the two swing blocks are in a retraction state at the same time. The number of the swinging blocks is measured to be 6 and evenly distributed, and the swinging blocks are indicated by numbers. Each pendulum mass is controlled by a pendulum mass escapement device, wherein 'out-of-control' represents that the pendulum mass is released by the escapement device, controlled 'represents that the pendulum mass is clamped by the escapement device, in-control' represents the time when the pendulum mass is clamped by the escapement device, and 'out-of-control' represents the time when the pendulum mass is released by the escapement device. The air inlets and the air outlets of the air inlets and the air outlets a, b, c, d, e and f are arranged in parallel along the axial direction, the figure is only schematic, the slightly longer air inlet is the air inlet, and the slightly shorter air outlet is the air outlet. The figure shows the valve operating timing or state, with small arrows indicating operating timing and no arrows indicating hold. The working process of the working cavity is abbreviated as air inlet (air inlet), pressure (compression), work (work application) and exhaust (air exhaust), the beginning is indicated, the middle is indicated as the process is carried out, the end is indicated as the process, and an ignition process is arranged between the compression and work application conversion and is not indicated.

Assuming the rotor housing is stationary, the direction of rotation of the rotor is shown by the curved arrow. The air inlet and outlet routes are indicated by curves with arrows in the cavity.

The cam rotor structure shown in fig. 6 has two far rest sections, and 6 swinging blocks can be combined into different numbers of working cavities. For example, the pendulum escapement can be used according to 6 geometric working cavities without using a pendulum escapement device; the use of the pendulum escapement device can be divided into 5, 4, 3, 2 working chambers and the like according to the number of temporarily controlled pendulum blocks. Initially there are at least two different processes per chamber and there can be many different combinations of modes of operation.

Fig. 6 shows that a 4-chamber working control mode is adopted, the number of the clamped swing blocks is two, two adjacent geometric working chambers are combined and used in a controlled manner, and initially, each chamber sequentially performs air inlet, compression, work application and air exhaust according to the rotation direction of the cam.

The 'control in' and 'release' of the swing block are completed at the top dead center stage, so that the swing block can be prevented from moving to impact. The half-pressure refers to that the working medium is compressed to half way only and is not compressed any more; the term "exhaust gas" means that exhaust gas remains in the combustion chamber and is not exhausted.

The working process is as follows:

the port a of the serial number (1) is independent corresponding to the working cavity and is ready for air intake; the swinging blocks 2 and 5 are controlled not to extend out, and the ports b and c are communicated with the corresponding working cavity to prepare for compression; the port d is independent corresponding to the working cavity and can do work after ignition; the ports e and f are also communicated with the working cavity to prepare for exhausting.

The sequence number (2) swings out to a near-rest area along the return segment of the cam profile under the action of closing force or a geometric closed structure due to the out-of-control of the swing blocks 3 and 6, and the boundary of the sub-cavity is kept. The cam rotor rotates, the process of each cavity is slightly advanced, namely the volume of the oral cavity is passively expanded and air is fed; b. the volume of the c-port combined cavity is passively reduced and compressed; d, doing work after the oral cavity is ignited, accelerating to push the rotor to rotate forwards, and increasing the volume; e. the f port joint cavity is passively reduced and exhausts; at the moment, the swinging blocks 1 and 4 are in a release control state and are in contact with the cam surface in a far rest area, the cavity boundary is kept, the swinging blocks retract into the swinging block groove and can be controlled at any time, and the swinging blocks 2 and 5 are controlled to retract into the swinging block groove, so that the cavity boundary is not formed and can not be released and extended because the swinging blocks are not in contact with the cam, otherwise, the cam can be knocked.

The rear edge of the cam lift of the sequence number (3) reaches the swinging blocks 2 and 5, and after the swinging blocks 2 and 5 smoothly form a sealing contact with the far rest area of the cam, the swinging blocks are released to construct a new cavity boundary, and the process of each cavity progresses; now, the b and e oral cavities are separated and in a six-cavity separated state. At the moment, the swing block 2 intercepts semi-compressed gas in the combustion chamber from the oral cavity b, and the swing block 5 intercepts waste gas which is not discharged from the combustion chamber with the oral cavity e. The pendulum blocks 1 and 4 still keep retracting in the pendulum block grooves, and are stably controlled before being separated from a far rest area, so that the next switching is facilitated.

The cam with the sequence number (4) continues to rotate, the swing blocks 1 and 4 are controlled not to swing out along the return stroke of the cam, so that sealing is withdrawn, the swing blocks 2 and 5 are disengaged from the connected seal, the corresponding cavities of the a and b are communicated and recombined, the semi-compressed air in the oral cavity is merged into the air inlet process, the corresponding cavities of the e and d are communicated and recombined, the residual air in the oral cavity is mixed into the working process, meanwhile, the oral cavity c independently performs working, the oral cavity f independently performs air exhaust, and the cavity processes continue.

The serial number (5) is that the swinging blocks 3 and 6 are just pushed back into the swinging block groove again until the cam lift, the corresponding cavities of the ports a and b complete air intake, recombination air intake is realized, and the air intake amount is improved; c, after the oral cavity compression is finished, the cavity-closing compression is realized and ignition can be realized; d. e, work is finished by combining, so that cavity combination work is realized, and the work stroke is enlarged; f, the exhaust of the oral cavity is finished to realize the exhaust of the combined cavity.

By now the first four processes have been completed and each chamber will start the corresponding next process with a cam angle of 120. Compared with the serial number (1), the initial state is the same except that the angle position is minus 60 degrees, and the next serial number (6) and the next serial number (2) are also the same; therefore, it can be concluded that the above six similar processes are required, i.e. the rotor returns to the original state after two revolutions, and thus is not fully shown.

Therefore, the Otto cycle (but not completed in the same working cavity) can be completed integrally once when the rotor rotates 120 degrees, the work doing process is accompanied all the time, 3 times of work can be completed by each rotation, the working process can circulate infinitely, and the power of energy storage devices such as a flywheel and the like can be continuously output.

In the embodiment, it can be seen that the size of the working cavity can be adjusted by a plurality of controllable swing blocks in use, the flexibility of power output is increased, the geometric utilization rate of the working cavity and the utilization rate of fuel energy are improved, and the swing block has outstanding advantages. From the realization of pendulum mass control operability analysis, the pendulum mass escapement device can be realized by mechanical transmission control or hydraulic transmission, but the adoption of electromagnetic control is most convenient.

The composition, the operation mode and the use characteristics of the internal combustion engine power system with the combination of the outer contour cam and the swinging block are described through a plurality of simple examples. It is envisaged that there is no limit to the number of cam followers, provided that the radial dimension is sufficiently large. Meanwhile, the number of the cam peaks similar to the far and near rest areas is not limited, so that the number of the working cavities can be determined according to requirements. And the pendulum block escapement device controls the pendulum block, so that the design flexibility and the use flexibility can be fully embodied. As for the single cavity volume, compression ratio, combustion chamber shape, etc., it is possible to sufficiently solve the problem by making use of the radial clearance and axial length. In conclusion, the invention opens up a wide space for the research of the rotor engine.

Claims

1. a pendulum block cooperates with a cam rotor internal combustion engine power system, comprising a rotor chamber, a cam rotor, an end member, an intermediate member, a valve and a valve controller, it is characterized in that the inner cavity of the rotor chamber is the shape of a body of revolution, and the outer surface of the cam rotor is It is also in the shape of a revolving body, but the diameters of the points on its busbar at different phase angles vary and change continuously, forming a continuous and smooth cam profile surface, and the intermediate components are pendulum blocks uniformly distributed along the circumference in the same installation method , The connection structure on the rotor chamber is a corresponding pendulum block slot, one end of the pendulum block is installed on the rotor chamber as a cam follower, and the other end and the cam profile of the cam rotor form a cam mechanism, and the end member is used to connect the rotor chamber. And the cam rotor, so that the relative rotation of the fixed axis between the rotor bin and the cam rotor is realized;

The inner revolving surface of the rotor chamber and the cam profile surface of the cam rotor form an annular gap with varying radial differences. The connection between the pendulum block and the rotor chamber is swingable, and this dynamic connection has a seal in the entire connection range along the axial direction. At the same time, the connection between the pendulum block and the cam profile surface of the cam rotor can maintain the tightness during the movement, so as to divide the annular gap into several isolation sections;

The number of pendulum blocks is at least two;

The cam profile of the cam rotor has a single peak, double peaks or multiple peaks;

An end seal is formed between the end member and the rotor bin, the cam rotor, and the pendulum block of the cam follower, so that each isolation section is sealed and isolated from the outside world and each other, thereby forming a working chamber with the same number as the number of pendulum blocks; These working chambers are separated from each other during work and can change in volume with movement;

The air inlet and the exhaust port opened in the same working chamber can control the flow direction of the gas under the cooperation of the valve controlled by the valve controller;

In each working chamber, the intake process, compression process, ignition expansion work process, and exhaust process 4-stage cycle or intake process, inhalation rest process, compression process, ignition expansion work process, and work process of the Otto cycle are completed in turn. The post-rest process and the exhaust process are cycled in 6 stages; the expansion work process converts the chemical energy generated by the combustion of the fuel into the mechanical energy output by the cam rotor and/or the rotor bin in the form of rotary motion;

The pendulum block cooperates with the cam-rotor internal combustion engine power system and also includes a pendulum block escapement device, which can grasp or release the pendulum block in time. The pendulum block escapement device and the valve controller are realized by electromagnetic control, hydraulic transmission and/or mechanical transmission.

2. The power system of a pendulum block with a cam rotor internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the contact between the pendulum block and the cam is closed by force or geometry, and the pendulum block is a single structure or a combination of multiple sections. made of.

3. a kind of pendulum block matching cam rotor internal combustion engine power system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the generatrix of the rotary surface of the rotor chamber and/or the cam rotor is a straight line segment, a circular arc segment or a linear segment and a circular arc The cam end face profile of the cam rotor is formed by one or more combinations of arcs, splines, sine and cosine curves or polynomial curves, so that the movement of the cam follower has no sudden changes in speed and acceleration.

4. The power system of a pendulum block with a cam-rotor internal combustion engine according to claim 3, wherein the revolving surface in the rotor chamber is cylindrical, drum-shaped or spherical.

5. a kind of pendulum block matching cam rotor internal combustion engine power system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the cam end face profile of described cam rotor has far rest area and/or near rest area, and the arc length of far rest area corresponds to The central angle of is similar to the central angle corresponding to the two adjacent pendulum block slots.

6. The power system of a pendulum block matching cam rotor internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises an ignition device and/or a fuel filling device, and the ignition device is arranged when the mixture reaches a specified compression ratio. When the combustion chamber corresponds to the position, the fuel injection port is set in the interval corresponding to the intake process and the compression process.

7. An internal combustion engine, characterized by comprising the power system of a pendulum block and a cam rotor internal combustion engine according to claim 6.

8. A control method for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the escapement control and/or the flexible control of intake and exhaust valves of a pendulum block cooperating with a cam rotor internal combustion engine power system cam follower of claim 5, so The described escapement control of the cam follower includes the following steps 1 and 2: Step 1, when a pendulum block is in contact with the far rest area of the cam profile, the pendulum block is stuck, so that the pendulum block temporarily loses the ability to separate the working chamber. Function;

Step 2, when the far rest area of the cam profile is in contact with the stuck pendulum block again, release the stuck pendulum block so that the pendulum block can resume the function of separating the working chambers; the flexible control of the valve includes the following steps: : During the volume reduction stage of a certain working chamber, the opening and closing state of the exhaust valve of the chamber is flexibly switched between the two states corresponding to the compression process and the exhaust process. The valve switch state also performs a flexible switch between the two states corresponding to the intake process and the power process.