CN114940553B - Monopole type and multipole type electric control ion exchange reactor and group - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric control ion exchange energy conservation, in particular to a monopolar type and multipolar type electric control ion exchange reactor and a group, comprising a plurality of anode electrode plates and a plurality of cathode electrode plates with equal quantity; the plurality of positive electrode plates are parallel to the plurality of negative electrode plates and are staggered; according to different connection modes between the anode plate and the cathode plate, a monopole type and multipolar type electric control ion exchange reactor is respectively formed; and then forming a plurality of reactor groups according to the connection modes which are not used by the unipolar type and the multipole type electric control ion exchange reactors respectively so as to adapt to power supplies in different voltage and current ranges and expand the application range of the electric control ion exchange technology.

Description

A monopolar and bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor and group

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electrically controlled ion exchange energy saving, in particular to a monopolar and bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor and a group thereof.

Background technique

With the progress of the times and the development of society, human beings have an increasingly urgent need for a clean living environment. Enterprises engaged in metallurgy, electroplating, mining processing, battery production and other industries will produce a huge amount of industrial wastewater, which contains a large number of toxic ions, such as fluorine, lead, cadmium, mercury, etc., as well as high-value-added metal ions such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese. The discharge of industrial wastewater not only poses a huge threat to human health, but is also a waste of resources. Therefore, the removal of toxic ions in industrial wastewater and the separation and recovery of high-value-added ions have gradually become hot issues in scientific research in recent years.

Existing ion separation technologies mainly include chemical precipitation technology, ion exchange technology, membrane separation technology and electrochemical technology, but problems such as huge energy consumption, easy to generate secondary pollution, bulky equipment and complex processes have always restricted the application of these technologies.

Electro-controlled ion exchange is a new ion selective separation technology that combines ion exchange and electrochemical technology. It controls the placement/release of target ions by electrochemically regulating the oxidation/reduction state of potential-responsive ion exchange functional materials, thereby achieving rapid and efficient separation and recovery of ions in water. At present, electro-controlled ion exchange has attracted much attention from scholars at home and abroad as a new, environmentally friendly, efficient, and green ion separation and recovery technology. This technology has been used for the selective separation of cations such as Na ⁺ , Cs ⁺ , ^Ca2+ , ^Mg2+ , ^Ni2+ , ^Pb2 +, ^and Cu2 ⁺ , as well as anions such as _ClO4- , ^F- , ^I- , ^Cl- , and ^Br- .

However, there are no reports on monopolar and bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors based on electrically controlled ion exchange technology and their connection methods during operation.

Summary of the invention

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a monopolar and bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor and group, wherein the monopolar and bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are respectively formed according to different connection modes between the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate; and then a plurality of reactor groups are formed according to different connection modes of the monopolar and bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors to adapt to power supplies with different voltage and current ranges, thereby expanding the application scope of the electrically controlled ion exchange technology.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor comprises an equal number of anode plates and cathode plates; the anode plates are parallel to and staggered with the cathode plates; the anode plates are directly connected at the same end to form an anode, which is connected to the positive pole of a working power supply; the anode plates are connected in parallel; the cathode plates are directly connected at the same end to form a cathode, which is connected to the negative pole of a working power supply; and the cathode plates are connected in parallel.

Preferably, the plurality of anode electrode plates and the plurality of cathode electrode plates are alternately arranged at intervals, and the interval distance between adjacent anode electrode plates and cathode electrode plates is 1 cm to 50 cm.

Preferably, the current density of the working power supply is 3 mA/cm ² to 20 mA/cm ² .

Preferably, the anode material used in the anode electrode plate is one of modified P-type semiconductor double metal hydroxide, electrically controlled heavy metal ion exchange material, layered double metal hydroxide/polypyrrole complex, bismuth oxyhalide, bismuth oxyhalide/polyaniline complex and bismuth oxyhalide/polypyrrole complex; the cathode material used in the cathode electrode plate is one of ferric ferrocyanide, dithiosalicylic acid/polyaniline, dithiosalicylic acid/polypyrrole, graphite and polydithiodiphenylamine.

A monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor group comprises a plurality of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors, wherein the plurality of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in series to form a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series group; the plurality of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group; the plurality of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel groups are connected in series to form a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series-parallel group.

A bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor comprises a plurality of anode electrode plates and a plurality of cathode electrode plates of equal number; the plurality of anode electrode plates and the plurality of cathode electrode plates are arranged in parallel and staggered; the outermost anode electrode plate is an anode connected to the positive electrode of a working power supply; the outermost cathode electrode plate is a cathode connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply.

Preferably, the anode electrode plate and the plurality of cathode electrode plates are spaced apart, and the spacing distance between adjacent anode electrode plates and cathode electrode plates is 1 cm to 50 cm.

Preferably, the current density of the working power supply is 3 mA/cm ² to 20 mA/cm ² .

Preferably, the anode material used in the anode electrode plate is one of modified P-type semiconductor double metal hydroxide, electrically controlled heavy metal ion exchange material, layered double metal hydroxide/polypyrrole complex, bismuth oxyhalide, bismuth oxyhalide/polyaniline complex and bismuth oxyhalide/polypyrrole complex; the cathode material used in the cathode electrode plate is one of ferric ferrocyanide, dithiosalicylic acid/polyaniline, dithiosalicylic acid/polypyrrole, graphite and polydithiodiphenylamine.

A bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor group comprises a plurality of bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors, wherein the plurality of bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in series to form a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series group; the plurality of bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group; and the plurality of bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel groups are connected in series to form a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series-parallel group.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the present invention, a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor and a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor are formed according to different connection modes of the anode plate and the cathode plate. The number of the anode plate and the cathode plate is configured according to the amount of wastewater to be treated, thereby ensuring the wastewater treatment capacity of the ion exchanger and adapting to different working conditions.

A monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor has the characteristics of low voltage and high current. The working principle of the anode electrode plate is: under the action of the electric field, the target pollutants on the surface of the anode electrode plate lose electrons and are directly oxidized, or the electrode surface is used to produce oxidants with strong oxidizing properties (-OH, HClO, ClO—, etc.), so that the target pollutants (phenol, aniline, methylene blue, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, aromatic hydrocarbons and other organic substances and inorganic salts) are oxidized and degraded, thereby efficiently degrading the wastewater.

The working principle of the cathode plate is: under the action of the electric field, the cathode is in a reduced state and obtains electrons, and the cations in the solution are placed in the membrane to neutralize the excess negative charge in the membrane, so that the cathode captures ions (sodium ions, calcium ions, magnesium ions) from the solution to achieve efficient separation of ions in the solution.

A bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor has the characteristics of high voltage and low current and can be adapted to power supplies with different voltage and current ranges.

A unipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor group and a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor group are based on two electrically controlled ion exchange reactors. The reactor series, parallel and series-parallel connection groups are simple and easy to construct, suitable for a variety of complex working circuit systems, and greatly expand the application scope of electrically controlled ion exchange technology.

The reactor connection mode of the present invention can greatly reduce the energy consumption required for the reactor and reduce the separation and recovery cost of the target ions through reasonable matching and use.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a series group of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors according to the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a parallel group of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors according to the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a series-parallel group of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors of the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a series group of bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors according to the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a parallel group of bipolar-type electrically controlled ion exchange reactors according to the present invention;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a series-parallel group of bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it.

The present invention discloses a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor, which, referring to FIG1 , comprises a plurality of anode electrode plates and a plurality of cathode electrode plates of equal number; the plurality of anode electrode plates and the plurality of cathode electrode plates are arranged parallel to and staggered in a positive direction relative to each other; the plurality of anode electrode plates and the plurality of cathode electrode plates are arranged alternately and at intervals, and the interval distance between adjacent anode electrode plates and cathode electrode plates is 1 to 50 cm.

The same end of multiple positive electrode plates is directly connected to form an anode, and the multiple positive electrode plates are connected in parallel; the same end of multiple negative electrode plates is directly connected to form a cathode, and the multiple negative electrode plates are connected in parallel.

Among them, the anode material used in the anode electrode plate is one of modified P-type semiconductor double metal hydroxide, electrically controlled heavy metal ion exchange material, layered double metal hydroxide/polypyrrole complex, bismuth oxyhalide, bismuth oxyhalide/polyaniline complex and bismuth oxyhalide/polypyrrole complex.

The cathode material used in the cathode electrode plate is one of ferric ferrocyanide, dithiosalicylic acid/polyaniline, dithiosalicylic acid/polypyrrole, graphite and polydithiodiphenylamine.

When in use, the anode formed by directly connecting the same end of multiple positive electrode plates is connected to the positive electrode of the working power supply, and the cathode formed by directly connecting the same end of multiple negative electrode plates is connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply. That is, the electrically controlled negative and positive electrode plates in equal numbers of electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are arranged in parallel and positively relative to each other, and at the same time, all electrically controlled cation exchange plates (i.e., positive electrode plates) in the reactor are directly connected to the positive electrode of the working power supply, and all electrically controlled cation exchange plates are connected in parallel; all electrically controlled anion exchange plates (i.e., negative electrode plates) in the reactor are directly connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply, and all electrically controlled anion exchange plates are connected in parallel, which is a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor, which is characterized by being able to generate a large working current at a low working voltage.

A bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor, referring to FIG2 , comprises a plurality of anode electrode plates and a plurality of cathode electrode plates of equal number; the plurality of anode electrode plates are parallel to the plurality of cathode electrode plates and are arranged in an interlaced positive direction relative to each other, the plurality of anode electrode plates and the plurality of cathode electrode plates are alternately arranged at intervals, and the interval distance between adjacent anode electrode plates and cathode electrode plates is 1 cm to 50 cm.

The outermost anode electrode plate among the plurality of anode electrode plates is an anode; the outermost cathode electrode plate among the plurality of cathode electrode plates is a cathode.

When in use, the anode is connected to the positive electrode of the working power supply, and the cathode is connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply. That is, the electrically controlled anion and cation exchange plates in the electrically controlled ion exchange reactor are arranged in parallel, and at the same time, only the outermost electrically controlled cation exchange plate in the reactor is connected to the positive electrode of the working power supply, and only the outermost electrically controlled anion exchange plate is connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply, which is a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor, which is characterized by generating a small working current under a high working voltage.

The connection combination modes of the electrically controlled ion exchange reactor are divided into three types: series connection, parallel connection and series-parallel connection. Series connection is to connect the monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor or the bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor in series in the working circuit. Parallel connection is to connect the monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor or the bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor in parallel in the working circuit. Series-parallel connection is to connect the electrically controlled ion exchange reactor in series and parallel in the working circuit, that is, multiple monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors or multiple bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a reactor group, and then multiple reactor groups are connected in series.

A monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor group includes a plurality of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors. According to the connection mode between the plurality of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors, a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series group, a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group and a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series-parallel group are formed.

3 , a plurality of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in series to form a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series group.

4 , a plurality of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group.

5 , a plurality of monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel groups are connected in series to form a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series-parallel group.

A bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor group includes a plurality of bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors. A bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series group, a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group and a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series-parallel group are formed according to the connection mode between the plurality of bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors.

6 , a plurality of bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in series to form a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series group.

7 , a plurality of bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group.

8 , a plurality of bipolar electric-controlled ion exchange reactor parallel groups are connected in series to form a bipolar electric-controlled ion exchange reactor series-parallel group.

When in use, for any connection mode, the working power supply current density is 3mA/cm ² to 20mA/cm ² .

In practical applications, organic substances and inorganic salts such as phenol, aniline, methylene blue, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, aromatic hydrocarbons, etc. are targeted pollutants. The captured ions are one of sodium ions, calcium ions, and magnesium ions.

Example 1

As shown in FIG3 , a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series group is formed by three monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors connected in series. All positive electrode plates of the first monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor are connected to the positive electrode of the working power supply, and all negative electrode plates of the third monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor are connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply. The anode material used in the positive electrode plate is a bismuth oxyhalide/polyaniline composite, and the cathode material used in the negative electrode plate is ferric ferrocyanide.

When the working power supply voltage is 30V and the initial current is 2A, 15L of circulating cooling water is treated. Under the action of the electric field, the positive electrode plate begins to produce oxidizing substances such as hydroxyl radicals, removes microorganisms in the water and degrades the circulating cooling water. Calcium and magnesium ions are captured on the negatively charged negative electrode plate. After 15 minutes of power on, the COD value of the circulating cooling water drops from 50mg/L to 10mg/L, the COD removal rate reaches 80%, the total hardness (calcium hardness and magnesium hardness) drops from 12mmol/L to 9mmol/L, and the energy consumption is 3.6KWh·L ^-1 .

Example 2

As shown in FIG4 , three monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group. All positive electrode plates of each monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor are connected to the positive electrode of the working power supply, and all negative electrode plates are connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply. The anode material used in the positive electrode plate is a layered double metal hydroxide/polypyrrole composite, and the cathode material used in the negative electrode plate is a dithiosalicylic acid/polyaniline composite.

15L circulating cooling water was treated under the condition of working power supply voltage of 10V and initial current of 6A. Under the action of electric field, the positive electrode plate began to produce hydroxyl radicals, hypochlorite and other oxidizing substances to remove microorganisms in water and degrade circulating cooling water, and calcium and magnesium ions were captured on the negatively charged negative electrode plate. After 10 minutes of power on, the COD value of circulating cooling water dropped from 50mg/L to 8mg/L, the COD removal rate reached 84%, the total hardness (calcium hardness and magnesium hardness) dropped from 12mmol/L to 8mmol/L, and the energy consumption was 2.4KWh·L ^-1 .

Example 3

As shown in FIG5 , three monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group, and then two monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel groups are connected in series in a working circuit. All positive electrode plates of the first monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group are connected to the positive electrode of the working power supply, and all negative electrode plates of the second monopolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group are connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply. The anode material used in the positive electrode plate is bismuth oxyhalide, and the cathode material used in the negative electrode plate is ferric ferrocyanide.

Under the condition of working power supply voltage of 10V and current of 12A, 15L secondary reverse osmosis concentrated water was treated. Under the action of electric field, the positive electrode plate began to produce hydroxyl free radicals and other oxidizing substances to remove microorganisms in water and degrade circulating cooling water. Some sodium, calcium and magnesium ions in water were captured on the negatively charged negative electrode plate. After 15 minutes of power on, the COD value of secondary reverse osmosis concentrated water dropped from 383.75mg/L to 71.56mg/L, the COD removal rate reached 81.35%, the total hardness (calcium hardness and magnesium hardness) dropped from 0.05mmol/L to 0.02mmol/L, and the energy consumption was 7.2KWh·L ^-1 .

Example 4

As shown in FIG6 , a bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series group is formed by three bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactors connected in series. The outermost anode electrode plate of the first bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactor is connected to the positive electrode of the working power supply, and the outermost cathode electrode plate of the third bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactor is connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply. The anode material used in the anode electrode plate is a bismuth oxyhalide/polyaniline complex, and the cathode material used in the cathode electrode plate is a polydisulfide diphenylamine complex.

Under the conditions of 60V working power supply voltage and 1A current, 15L phenol wastewater was treated. Under the action of the external electric field and the induced electric field generated inside the reactor, the positive electrode plate began to produce hydroxyl radicals, hypochlorite and other oxidizing substances to remove microorganisms in the water and degrade phenol wastewater, and calcium and magnesium ions were captured on the negatively charged negative electrode plate. After 23 minutes of power on, the COD value of phenol wastewater dropped from 400mg/L to 110.52mg/L, the COD removal rate reached 72.37%, the total hardness (calcium hardness and magnesium hardness) dropped from 6.06mmol/L to 4.21mmol/L, and the energy consumption was 5.52KWh·L ^-1 .

Example 5

As shown in FIG7 , three bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group. The outermost anode plates of the three bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected to the positive electrode of the working power supply, and the outermost cathode plates of the three bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply. The anode material used in the anode plate is a layered double metal hydroxide/polypyrrole composite, and the cathode material used in the cathode plate is a polydiphenyl disulfide composite.

Under the conditions of working power supply voltage of 20V and initial current of 3A, 15L phenol wastewater was treated. Under the action of external electric field and induced electric field generated inside the reactor, the positive electrode plate began to produce hydroxyl free radicals, hypochlorite and other oxidizing substances to remove microorganisms in the water and degrade phenol wastewater, and calcium and magnesium ions were captured on the negatively charged negative electrode plate. After 20 minutes of power on, the COD value of phenol wastewater dropped from 400mg/L to 148mg/L, the COD removal rate reached 63%, the total hardness (calcium hardness and magnesium hardness) dropped from 6.06mmol/L to 4.85mmol/L, and the energy consumption was 4.8KWh·L ^-1 .

Example 6

As shown in FIG8 , three bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group, and then two bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel groups are connected in series in a working circuit. The outermost anode electrode plates of the first bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group are all connected to the positive electrode of the working power supply, and the outermost cathode electrode plates of the second bipolar type electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group are all connected to the negative electrode of the working power supply. The anode material used for the anode electrode plate is a bismuth oxyhalide/polypyrrole complex, and the cathode material used for the cathode electrode plate is ferric ferrocyanide.

Under the condition of 40V working power supply voltage and 3A current, 15L deionized water was treated. Under the action of external electric field and the induction electric field generated inside the reactor, the positive electrode plate began to produce hydroxyl radicals and other oxidizing substances to remove microorganisms in the water and degrade the deionized water. The sodium, calcium and magnesium ions in the deionized water were captured on the negatively charged negative electrode plate. After 5 minutes of power on, the COD value of the deionized water dropped from 25mg/L to 7mg/L, the COD removal rate reached 72%, the total hardness (calcium hardness and magnesium hardness) dropped from 8.3mmol/L to 6.48mmol/L, and the energy consumption was 2.4KWh·L ^-1 .

The present invention relates to two types of electrically controlled ion exchange reactors and their connection and combination methods in a working circuit. Based on the electrically controlled ion exchange technology, a low-voltage, high-current, unipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor and a high-voltage, low-current, bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactor are constructed. Multiple unipolar reactors or multiple bipolar reactors are connected in series in the working circuit to form an electrically controlled ion exchange reactor series group; multiple unipolar reactors or multiple bipolar reactors are connected in parallel in the working circuit to form an electrically controlled ion exchange reactor parallel group; multiple unipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors or multiple bipolar electrically controlled ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a reactor group, and multiple reactor groups are connected in series to form a series-parallel group of electrically controlled ion exchange reactors.

The electrically controlled ion exchange reactor mentioned in the present invention can be adapted to power supplies with different voltage and current ranges. The combination and connection method between the electrically controlled ion exchange reactor groups in the present invention are simple and easy to implement, which can make the electrically controlled ion exchange reactor applicable to working circuits in various complex situations, greatly expanding the application scope of the electrically controlled ion exchange technology, effectively reducing the energy consumption required by the reactor while efficiently degrading wastewater to recycle ion resources and improve water quality, and reducing the cost of separating target ions.

Claims (2)

1. The monopole type electric control ion exchange reactor group is characterized by comprising a plurality of any monopole type electric control ion exchange reactors, wherein the monopole type electric control ion exchange reactors are connected in series to form a monopole type electric control ion exchange reactor series group; a plurality of monopole type electric control ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a monopole type electric control ion exchange reactor parallel group; the plurality of monopole type electric control ion exchange reactor parallel groups are connected in series to form a monopole type electric control ion exchange reactor series-parallel group;

Wherein, the monopole type electric control ion exchange reactor comprises a plurality of anode electrode plates and a plurality of cathode electrode plates with equal quantity; the plurality of positive electrode plates are parallel to the plurality of negative electrode plates and are staggered; the same ends of the anode electrode plates are directly connected to form an anode, and the anode is connected with the positive electrode of the working power supply; a plurality of anode electrode plates are connected in parallel; the same ends of the cathode electrode plates are directly connected to form a cathode, and the cathode is connected with the negative electrode of the working power supply; the cathode electrode plates are connected in parallel;

The anode electrode plates and the cathode electrode plates are arranged at intervals, and the interval distance between the adjacent anode electrode plates and the adjacent cathode electrode plates is 1 cm-50 cm;

The anode material adopted by the anode plate is one of modified P-type semiconductor double metal hydroxide, an electric control heavy metal ion exchange material, a layered double metal hydroxide/polypyrrole compound, bismuth oxyhalide/polyaniline compound and bismuth oxyhalide/polypyrrole compound; the cathode material adopted by the cathode electrode plate is one of ferric ferrocyanide, dithiosalicylic acid/polyaniline, dithiosalicylic acid/polypyrrole, graphite and polydithio diphenylamine; the current density of the working power supply is 3 mA/cm ²~20mA/cm²;

Wherein, three single-pole electric control ion exchange reactors are connected in series to form a single-pole electric control ion exchange reactor series group, all positive electrode plates of one single-pole electric control ion exchange reactor are connected with the positive electrode of the working power supply, and all negative electrode plates of the third single-pole electric control ion exchange reactor are connected with the negative electrode of the working power supply; the anode material adopted by the anode plate is bismuth oxyhalide/polyaniline compound, and the cathode material adopted by the cathode plate is ferric ferrocyanide; organic matters and inorganic salts such as phenol, aniline, methylene blue, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like are used as target pollutants, 15L circulating cooling water is treated under the condition that the working power supply voltage is 30V and the initial current is 2A, oxidizing substances such as hydroxyl radicals and the like are generated on an anode plate under the action of an electric field, microorganisms in the water are removed, the circulating cooling water is degraded, and calcium and magnesium ions are captured on a negative electrode plate with electronegativity; after 15 min is electrified, the COD value of the circulating cooling water is reduced from 50 mg/L to 10 mg/L, the COD removal rate is 80%, the total hardness is reduced from 12 mmol/L to 9 mmol/L, and the energy consumption is 3.6 KWh ∙ L ^-1;

The three unipolar electric control ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a unipolar electric control ion exchange reactor parallel group, all positive electrode plates of each unipolar electric control ion exchange reactor are connected with the positive electrode of a working power supply, and all negative electrode plates are connected with the negative electrode of the working power supply; the anode material adopted by the anode plate is layered double metal hydroxide/polypyrrole compound, and the cathode material adopted by the cathode plate is dithiosalicylic acid/polyaniline compound;

Organic matters and inorganic salts such as phenol, aniline, methylene blue, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like are used as target pollutants; 15L circulating cooling water is treated under the condition that the working power supply voltage is 10V and the initial current is 6A; under the action of an electric field, the anode plate starts to generate hydroxyl free radicals, hypochlorite and other oxidizing substances to remove microorganisms in water and degrade circulating cooling water, and calcium and magnesium ions are captured on the cathode plate with electronegativity; after 10 min is electrified, the COD value of the circulating cooling water is reduced from 50 mg/L to 8 mg/L, the COD removal rate is 84%, the total hardness is reduced from 12 mmol/L to 8 mmol/L, and the energy consumption is 2.4 KWh ∙ L ^-1;

The method comprises the steps that three unipolar electric control ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a unipolar electric control ion exchange reactor parallel group, then the two unipolar electric control ion exchange reactor parallel groups are connected in series in a working circuit, all positive electrode plates of the first unipolar electric control ion exchange reactor parallel group are connected with the positive electrode of a working power supply, and all negative electrode plates of the second unipolar electric control ion exchange reactor parallel group are connected with the negative electrode of the working power supply; the anode material adopted by the anode plate is bismuth oxyhalide, and the cathode material adopted by the cathode plate is ferric ferrocyanide;

Organic matters and inorganic salts such as phenol, aniline, methylene blue, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like are used as target pollutants; treating 15L second-stage reverse osmosis concentrated water under the conditions that the working power supply voltage is 10V and the current is 12A, starting to generate hydroxyl free radicals and other oxidizing substances by the positive electrode plate under the action of an electric field to remove microorganisms in water and degrade circulating cooling water, and capturing part of sodium, calcium and magnesium ions in water onto negative electrode plates which are electronegative; after 15 min is electrified, the COD value of the secondary reverse osmosis concentrated water is reduced from 383.75 mg/L to 71.56/mg/L, the COD removal rate reaches 81.35%, the total hardness is reduced from 0.05 mmol/L to 0.02 mmol/L, and the energy consumption is 7.2 KWh ∙ L ^-1.

2. The multi-pole type electric control ion exchange reactor group is characterized by comprising a plurality of multi-pole type electric control ion exchange reactors, wherein the multi-pole type electric control ion exchange reactors are connected in series to form a multi-pole type electric control ion exchange reactor series group; a plurality of multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactor parallel group; the multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactor parallel groups are connected in series to form a multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactor series-parallel group;

wherein, the bipolar type electric control ion exchange reactor comprises a plurality of anode electrode plates and a plurality of cathode electrode plates in equal quantity; the anode electrode plates and the cathode electrode plates are parallel and staggered; the anode plate at the outermost side is an anode, and the anode is connected with the positive electrode of the working power supply; the outermost cathode plate is a cathode, and the cathode is connected with the cathode of the working power supply;

The anode electrode plates and the cathode electrode plates are alternately arranged at intervals, and the interval distance between the adjacent anode electrode plates and the adjacent cathode electrode plates is 1 cm-50 cm;

The anode material adopted by the anode plate is one of modified P-type semiconductor double metal hydroxide, an electric control heavy metal ion exchange material, a layered double metal hydroxide/polypyrrole compound, bismuth oxyhalide/polyaniline compound and bismuth oxyhalide/polypyrrole compound; the cathode material adopted by the cathode electrode plate is one of ferric ferrocyanide, dithiosalicylic acid/polyaniline, dithiosalicylic acid/polypyrrole, graphite and polydithio diphenylamine; the current density of the working power supply is 3 mA/cm ² ~20 mA/cm²;

Wherein, three multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactors are connected in series to form a multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactor series group, wherein the outermost positive electrode plate of the first multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactor is connected with the positive electrode of the working power supply, and the outermost negative electrode plate of the third multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactor is connected with the negative electrode of the working power supply; the anode material adopted by the anode plate is bismuth oxyhalide/polyaniline compound, and the cathode material adopted by the cathode plate is polydithio-diphenylamine compound;

Organic matters and inorganic salts such as phenol, aniline, methylene blue, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like are used as target pollutants; treating 15L phenol wastewater under the conditions that the working power supply voltage is 60V and the current is 1A, and under the action of an external electric field and an induction electric field generated in the reactor, the anode plate starts to generate hydroxyl free radicals, hypochlorite and other oxidizing substances to remove microorganisms in water and degrade the phenol wastewater, and calcium and magnesium ions are captured on the negative anode plate; after being electrified by 23 min, the COD value of the phenol wastewater is reduced from 400 mg/L to 110.52 mg/L, the COD removal rate is 72.37%, the total hardness (calcium hardness and magnesium hardness) is reduced from 6.06 mmol/L to 4.21 mmol/L, and the energy consumption is 5.52 KWh ∙ L ^-1;

The bipolar type electric control ion exchange reactor comprises three bipolar type electric control ion exchange reactors connected in parallel, wherein the outermost positive electrode plates of the three bipolar type electric control ion exchange reactors are connected with the positive electrode of a working power supply, and the outermost negative electrode plates of the three bipolar type electric control ion exchange reactors are connected with the negative electrode of the working power supply; the anode material adopted by the anode plate is layered double hydroxide/polypyrrole compound, and the cathode material adopted by the cathode plate is polydithio-diphenylamine compound;

Organic matters and inorganic salts such as phenol, aniline, methylene blue, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like are used as target pollutants; treating 15L phenol wastewater under the condition that the working power supply voltage is 20V and the initial current is 3A, and under the action of an external electric field and an induction electric field generated in the reactor, the anode plate starts to generate hydroxyl free radicals, hypochlorite and other oxidizing substances to remove microorganisms in water and degrade the phenol wastewater, and calcium and magnesium ions are captured on the negative anode plate; after being electrified by 20 min, the COD value of the phenol wastewater is reduced from 400 mg/L to 148 mg/L, the COD removal rate is 63%, the total hardness (calcium hardness and magnesium hardness) is reduced from 6.06 mmol/L to 4.85 mmol/L, and the energy consumption is 4.8 KWh ∙ L ^-1;

Three multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactors are connected in parallel to form a multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactor parallel group, and then two multi-pole electric control ion exchange reactor parallel groups are connected in series in a working circuit; the outermost positive electrode plates of the first multi-pole type electric control ion exchange reactor parallel group are connected with the positive electrode of the working power supply, and the outermost negative electrode plates of the second multi-pole type electric control ion exchange reactor parallel group are connected with the negative electrode of the working power supply; the anode material adopted by the anode plate is bismuth oxyhalide/polypyrrole compound, and the cathode material adopted by the cathode plate is ferric ferrocyanide;

Organic matters and inorganic salts such as phenol, aniline, methylene blue, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like are used as target pollutants; treating 15L desalted water under the conditions that the working power supply voltage is 40V and the current is 3A, and under the action of an external electric field and an induction electric field generated in the reactor, the anode plate starts to generate hydroxyl free radicals and other oxidizing substances to remove microorganisms in water and degrade the desalted water, and sodium, calcium and magnesium ions in the desalted water are captured on the negative electrode plate which is electronegative; after being electrified by 5 min, the COD value of the desalted water is reduced from 25 mg/L to 7 mg/L, the COD removal rate is 72%, the total hardness is reduced from 8.3 mmol/L to 6.48 mmol/L, and the energy consumption is 2.4 KWh ∙ L ^-1.