CN114864718B - Solar module sectional lamination method and laminating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic manufacturing, and in particular to a solar module segmented lamination method and a laminator. This method includes the following steps: lay an adhesive film sheet on the back panel, and the bottom surface of each battery sheet corresponds to an adhesive film sheet; then lay an adhesive film sheet on the battery board, and the top surface of each battery sheet corresponds to an adhesive film sheet. The adhesive film sheet corresponds; finally, the panel is laid on the adhesive film sheet to obtain a laminated piece; the remaining adhesive film sheet is heated to form an adhesive film fluid; the temperature of the laminator is raised to above the softening temperature of the adhesive film and below the cross-linking temperature of the adhesive film, At the same time, the adhesive film fluid is passed between the face plate and the back plate of the stack. In this application, the adhesive film is added to the solar module in two forms. One is the direct laying of small pieces of adhesive film to ensure the basic thickness of the stack and avoid the movement of the cells caused by the thermal shrinkage of the adhesive film; the other is the direct laying of small pieces of adhesive film. It is introduced in the form of fluid to fill the gaps between the adhesive film sheets and ensure the integrity of the adhesive film layer.

Description

A solar module segmented lamination method and laminator

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic manufacturing, and in particular to a solar module segmented lamination method and a laminator.

Background technique

Lamination is an important and critical process in photovoltaic manufacturing. However, due to the simple structure of traditional components, after the cells, EVA, and back films are laid, they are directly put into the laminator for lamination and packaging. This lamination process parameter Single and small in scope; this process is not suitable for film-type components with complex structures using the same lamination process parameters. Undesirable phenomena such as film wrinkles, bubbles, and delamination are prone to occur after lamination. Although the industry is optimizing the lamination process parameters of glass components, it cannot be applied to the lamination and packaging of thin film components. The current lamination and packaging process of thin film components in the industry is prone to wrinkles, bubbles, delamination, lack of glue and Undesirable phenomena such as film embossing being too shallow.

The film is produced by extruding it through an extruder at a certain temperature and then casting or calendering it into a film. During the production process, the stress in the length and winding direction will be introduced into the film. Melting of the adhesive film at the lamination temperature will release stress, causing the adhesive film to shrink. When the adhesive film shrinks, it is easy to cause the battery cells to move, resulting in uneven arrangement of the battery cells after lamination.

In order to solve this problem, the patent document with the publication number CN102130198A discloses such a solar cell module structure, especially a solar cell module structure that prevents the displacement of the cells during lamination, including panels, thermoplastics, cells, and thermoplastics. Plastics and backsheets, panels, thermoplastics, battery sheets, thermoplastics and backsheets are stacked in sequence, and high-transmission mesh materials are added on top of the battery sheets. It uses highly transparent mesh material to prevent cell displacement, but the addition of highly transparent mesh material may affect the performance of the battery module.

The patent document with the publication number CN105633183A discloses such a double-sided glass crystalline silicon solar cell module packaging process, which includes the following steps: S1: selection; S2: scratch; S3: flexible polyester film wrapping; S4: laminated packaging; S5: Vacuuming: Before the molten EVA film shrinks, the lower chamber of the laminator is evacuated, and the upper airbag is inflated to press the two layers of glass against the EVA film and solar cells; S6: Low-temperature cooling; S7: Heating laminated. Before the EVA film melts and has not shrunk, the lower chamber of the laminator is evacuated and the upper air bag is inflated, which increases the resistance to battery sheet displacement and better solves the problem of battery sheet displacement. However, when the upper airbag is inflated and pressurized, it will cause the molten EVA film to flow around and overflow from the laminate, causing contamination to the laminator. It also reduces the thickness of the EVA film in the solar cell module. May affect the connection strength between the layers of the battery assembly.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provide a solar module segmented lamination method and a laminator.

The technical solution of the present invention to solve the problem is to first provide a solar module segmented lamination method, which includes the following steps:

S1. Prepare the panel, backplane, battery board and adhesive film. The battery board includes several battery sheets;

The panels and backsheets here can be any commonly used materials for solar cell modules in the prior art. As a preferred option of the present invention, the panels and backsheets are both glass plates.

Similarly, the adhesive film can also be any commonly used material for solar cell modules in the prior art. As a preferred material of the present invention, the adhesive film is an EVA adhesive film. EVA film usually adds a cross-linking agent during the preparation process to make it non-sticky at room temperature. It can be cross-linked and solidified by heating to form a good encapsulation effect. The softening temperature (melting temperature) and cross-linking temperature of EVA film vary slightly depending on the model.

The battery plate is a structure in which the battery sheets are welded individually and then connected in series to form a battery pack.

S2. Cut the adhesive film into several adhesive film pieces with an area no larger than the area of the battery piece;

S3. Lamination: lay a number of adhesive film sheets on the back plate. There is no contact between the adhesive film sheets. The arrangement of the adhesive film sheets is consistent with the arrangement of the battery sheets in the battery panel. Then lay the battery panels on the adhesive film sheets. , adjust the position of the plastic film sheet so that the bottom surface of each battery sheet corresponds to one plastic film sheet; then lay a number of plastic film sheets on the battery board so that the top surface of each battery sheet corresponds to one plastic film sheet; Finally, the panels are laid on the adhesive film sheet to obtain a laminated piece; the remaining adhesive film sheets are placed in a container for later use;

S4.Lamination:

a. Control the temperature of the laminator below the softening temperature of the film, feed the laminated parts into the laminator, pressurize the upper vacuum chamber of the laminator, and evacuate the lower vacuum chamber;

b. Heat the remaining adhesive film in the container to above the softening temperature of the adhesive film and below the cross-linking temperature of the adhesive film to form an adhesive film fluid; raise the temperature of the laminator to above the softening temperature of the adhesive film and below the cross-linking temperature of the adhesive film , and at the same time, the adhesive film fluid is introduced between the face plate and the back plate of the laminate;

c. Raise the temperature of the laminator to above the cross-linking temperature of the film and pressurize it to form a laminated part.

In this application, the adhesive film is cut into an adhesive film piece with an area no larger than that of the battery sheet and then laid between the back plate and the battery plate, and between the panel and the battery plate. The adhesive film sheet is preferably laid in the center of the battery sheet. At this time, when the rubber diaphragm heats up and shrinks, since its area is smaller than the area of the battery sheet and it is not connected to its adjacent rubber diaphragm, it will not cause the corresponding battery sheet to move, which better solves the problem of battery sheet displacement. question. At the same time, because its area is smaller than the area of the cell, when pressurized, even if the adhesive film flows around under pressure, it will not flow out of the laminate and contaminate the laminator. Although the adhesive film may come into contact with adjacent adhesive film pieces when it flows around under pressure, in order to ensure the thickness of the adhesive film in the finished solar cell module and avoid gaps, this application uses the flowing adhesive film fluid to fill These gaps ensure the integrity and connection strength of the adhesive film layer.

As a preferred method of the present invention, after pressure molding, the laminator is cooled down before taking out the laminate. This can prevent the film from being wrinkled and the embossing mark being too shallow due to the large difference in cold and heat when the film is cooked at high temperature.

As a preferred method of the present invention, in step a, the lower vacuum chamber is evacuated first, and then the lower vacuum chamber is evacuated and the upper vacuum chamber is pressurized at the same time; a total of 4-5 minutes of vacuuming and 2-3 minutes of pressurization are performed. The purpose of vacuuming first is to discharge the air in the laminated parts to avoid the problem of bubbles after lamination. On the other hand, before pressurizing, the negative pressure is used to spread the adhesive film tightly against the back panel or battery. on the board to avoid wrinkles in the adhesive film during subsequent pressurization, resulting in uneven thickness of the adhesive film layer. The purpose of pressurization is to ensure the initial position of the battery piece through friction.

As a preferred option of the present invention, in step b, both the upper vacuum chamber and the lower vacuum chamber are pressurized, and the pressure of the upper vacuum chamber is greater than the pressure of the lower vacuum chamber. The purpose of pressurizing the upper vacuum chamber is to prevent the flow of the film fluid from driving the battery cells when the film fluid is introduced. The purpose of pressurizing the lower vacuum chamber is to encourage the film fluid to flow into the stacked parts under the action of the air pressure difference.

As a preferred method of the present invention, in step c, after the lower vacuum chamber is evacuated, the upper vacuum chamber is pressed for molding. Further vent the air within the stack.

As a preferred option of the present invention, the vacuuming time of the lower vacuum chamber is 40-70 seconds. Avoid vacuuming for too long, causing the glue film to flow out.

As a preference of the present invention, in step c, the pressurizing time is 12-20 minutes. Ensure that the viscosity of the film is qualified to avoid delamination that affects product reliability.

It can be seen that when the solar module segmented lamination method of the present application is implemented, there is a problem of the introduction of the glue film fluid. Therefore, another object of the present invention is to provide a solar module segmented lamination method. Laminator for pressing method.

This laminator includes a shell and a silica gel plate arranged in the shell. The silica gel plate separates the shell into an upper vacuum chamber and a lower vacuum chamber. It also controls the vacuuming of the upper vacuum chamber and the lower vacuum chamber. Or a control structure for inflating and pressurizing; the lower vacuum chamber is provided with a heating structure; the lower vacuum chamber is provided with a mold for accommodating laminated parts, a container for accommodating remaining rubber film sheets, and a liquid pipe. The outlet end of the liquid tube is arranged inside the mold, and the inlet end is arranged outside the mold; it also includes a lifting device that controls the lifting and lowering of the container so that the inlet end of the liquid tube is inserted into the container.

Before step b, the liquid tube is not inserted into the container; when performing step b, the liquid tube is inserted into the container, the mold and the container form a connected system, and are pressurized through the lower vacuum chamber. The pressure outside the connected system is greater than the pressure inside the connected system. , so that the film fluid in the container is pressed into the mold.

As a preferred option of the present invention, the mold includes a side plate arranged on the side of the stack to prevent the glue film fluid in the stack from overflowing; the side plate is hollow inside, and the heating structure includes a side plate arranged in the inner cavity of the side plate. heating element.

In a traditional laminator, the heating structure is set at the bottom so that the heat transfer direction is from the back plate of the laminate to the panel. There is a problem of uneven heating of the upper and lower layers of film. The uneven heating of the upper and lower adhesive films results in inconsistent cross-linking degrees of the upper and lower adhesive films. The degree of cross-linking reaction is proportional to the density of the three-dimensional network structure formed after the adhesive films are cross-linked, which means that the upper and lower adhesive films have different degrees of cross-linking. There are differences in the elastic modulus of the adhesive films, and the deformation degrees of the upper and lower adhesive films are inconsistent, which in turn causes the problem of battery panel movement. In this application, the direction of heat transfer from the side to the inside of the laminate is adopted, thereby improving the heating uniformity of the upper and lower adhesive films.

Preferably, the heating structure further includes a second heating element disposed at the bottom of the container.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. In this application, the adhesive film is added to the solar module in two forms. One is the direct laying of small pieces of adhesive film to ensure the basic thickness of the stack and avoid the problem of cell movement caused by the thermal shrinkage of the adhesive film; The second is to pass in the form of fluid to fill the gaps between the adhesive film sheets, avoid gaps in the solar modules, and ensure the integrity of the adhesive film layer.

2. In this application, the traditional laminator is modified to heat the film pieces in the container and the film pieces in the stack at the same time, so that the film fluid is pressed into the stack under the action of the air pressure difference. , to help implement the segmented lamination method of solar modules in this application.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laminator before use;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a laminator in use;

In the figure: shell 1, silica gel plate 10, upper vacuum chamber 11, lower vacuum chamber 12, mold 121, container 122, liquid tube 123, and lifting device 124.

Detailed ways

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1

A laminator, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, is basically the same as a traditional laminator, including a shell 1, which is divided into an upper shell and a lower shell to facilitate the opening and closing of the shell 1 , Picking and placing stacked parts. Usually, corresponding rubber rings are provided at the openings of the upper housing and the lower housing to ensure the sealing in the housing 1 after the upper and lower housings are connected. A silica gel plate 10 is provided in the housing 1. The silica gel plate 10 is generally disposed in the upper casing. The silica gel plate 10 is made of a material with good deformability. After the upper and lower shells are connected and sealed, the silicone plate 10 divides the inner cavity of the shell 1 into an upper vacuum chamber 11 and a lower vacuum chamber 12, and also includes a device for controlling the vacuuming or inflating of the upper vacuum chamber 11 and the lower vacuum chamber 12. Control structure; the lower vacuum chamber 12 is provided with a heating structure. During use, the stacked component is placed in the lower vacuum chamber 12, and the lower vacuum chamber 12 is evacuated to remove the air in the stacked component, and then the upper vacuum chamber 11 is inflated, causing the silicone plate 10 to deform downward to contact the stacked component, thereby Laminate the stack.

In this application, the lower vacuum chamber 12 is provided with a mounting plate. The mounting plate divides the lower vacuum chamber 12 into a lamination chamber and a receiving chamber. The mounting plate is provided with through holes to ensure the communication between the laminating chamber and the receiving chamber. . A mold 121 is provided on the mounting plate, that is, in the lamination cavity. The bottom plate of the mold 121 is set on the mounting plate, or a part of the mounting plate is directly used as its bottom plate. Since most solar cell modules are rectangular, the bottom plate is set to be rectangular. The area of the bottom plate can be slightly larger than the bottom area of the solar cell module. The excess adhesive film caused by subsequent filling can be cut off directly after lamination is completed. Side plates are respectively provided around the base plate, and the height of the side plates protruding from the base plate can be slightly greater than the height of the stacked component by 1-2 mm. The side panels are hollow inside and filled with heating wires or/and heating oil as part of the heating structure. This mold has no top plate. When the upper vacuum chamber 11 is inflated, the silicone plate 10 deforms and presses against the top of the side plate to become the top plate of the mold. At this time, the mold becomes a sealed structure. At the same time, the silicone plate 10 has good deformability. On this basis, the vacuum chamber 11 continues to be pressurized, and the portion of the silicone plate 10 between the side plates can continue to be pressed down until it contacts the stacked parts in the mold 121 to achieve lamination.

A lifting device 124 is provided at the bottom of the accommodation cavity. In this embodiment, the lifting device uses an oil cylinder. A container 122 is provided at the movable part of the lifting device 124. The container 122 is preferably a cylindrical structure with a small bottom area and a high height. Under the action of the lifting device 124, the container 122 can move vertically. In order to ensure the stability of the movement of the container 122, two lifting devices 124 are usually provided at the bottom of the accommodation cavity. The movable parts of the two lifting devices 124 are connected through a support plate, and the container 122 is installed on the support plate. The bottom plate of the container 122 can also be configured as a structure with a hollow interior and filled with heating wires or/and heating oil as another part of the heating structure. It is preferably controlled by the same program as some of the heating structures in the side plates to ensure that the container The heating temperature of the inner rubber diaphragm of 122 is basically consistent with the heating of the rubber diaphragm of the stacked parts in the mold 121 . In order to put the film sheet into the container 122, an opening is provided in the part of the housing 1 located in the receiving cavity, or the mounting plate is detachably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1.

In order to connect the mold 121 and the container 122, a liquid pipe 123 is also included. The outlet end of the liquid pipe 123 is set inside the mold 121 and the inlet end is set outside the mold 121; under the action of the lifting structure 124, the liquid pipe 123 can be inserted into the container 122. , and may not be inserted into the container 122.

Based on this laminator, a solar module segmented lamination method includes the following steps:

S1. Prepare the glass panel, glass back panel, battery panel and EVA film. The battery panel includes several battery sheets. In this embodiment, the EVA film is a film modified by a cross-linking agent, its softening temperature is about 82°C, and its cross-linking temperature is about 140°C.

S2. Cut the film into several film pieces whose area is half the area of the battery piece;

S3. Lamination: lay a number of adhesive film sheets on the back plate. There is no contact between the adhesive film sheets. The arrangement of the adhesive film sheets is consistent with the arrangement of the battery sheets in the battery panel. Then lay the battery panels on the adhesive film sheets. , adjust the position of the plastic film sheet so that the bottom surface of each battery sheet corresponds to one plastic film sheet; then lay a number of plastic film sheets on the battery board so that the top surface of each battery sheet corresponds to one plastic film sheet; Finally, the panels are laid on the adhesive film sheet to obtain a laminated part; the structure of the laminated part can be referred to the cross-sectional view of the laminated part in the mold 121 in Figures 1 and 2. Remaining spare;

S4.Lamination:

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, the temperature of the laminator is controlled at 50°C, then the upper shell of the laminator is opened, the laminated parts are fed into the mold 121 of the laminator, and the remaining film pieces are fed into In the container 122, the upper and lower shells are connected and sealed.

The lower vacuum chamber 12 of the laminator is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 20KPa. After 270 seconds of vacuuming, a vacuum is formed in the mold 121 and the vacuuming is stopped; then the upper vacuum chamber 11 is inflated and pressurized to a pressure of 30KPa, pressurized for 150 seconds, and the mold 121 is closed. top, while applying pressure to the stack.

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, the temperature of the laminator is raised to 100°C, and the adhesive film in the mold 121 and the container 122 melts to form a fluid. The container 122 is controlled to move upward by the lifting device 124 so that the inlet end of the liquid tube 123 is inserted under the liquid surface in the container 122. At this time, the rubber film fluid in the container 122 seals the inlet end of the liquid tube 123. Continue to pressurize the upper vacuum chamber 11 to 70KPa, so that the top of the mold 121 remains sealed; then pressurize the lower vacuum chamber 12 to 20KPa. Although the pressure is pressurized at this time, the gas is located outside the mold 121 (the top opening of the mold 121 is covered with silicone The plate 10 is closed, and the inlet of the bottom liquid pipe 123 is closed by the rubber film fluid in the container 122), so gas will not enter the mold 121. At the same time, since there is a vacuum inside the mold 121, the external pressure will drive the film fluid in the container 122 to flow into the mold 121 through the effect of the air pressure difference, thereby filling the gaps in the mold 121.

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, the temperature of the laminator is raised to 150°C, and the lower vacuum chamber 12 is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 20KPa. After 50 seconds of vacuuming, the vacuuming is stopped; then the upper vacuum chamber 11 is pressurized to 80KPa. Pressurize for 15 minutes to obtain a laminate.

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, after cooling the laminator temperature to 80°C, open the upper shell and take out the laminated parts.

Example 2

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the only difference is that the temperature and pressure of step S4 are different, and the order of partial vacuuming and pressurization is different.

S4.Lamination:

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, the temperature of the laminator is controlled at 60°C, then the upper shell of the laminator is opened, the laminated parts are fed into the mold 121 of the laminator, and the remaining film pieces are fed into In the container 122, the upper and lower shells are connected and sealed.

Evacuate the lower vacuum chamber 12 of the laminator to a vacuum degree of 10KPa. After 180 seconds of evacuation, a vacuum is formed in the mold 121; maintain the vacuum state of the lower vacuum chamber 12, and then inflate and pressurize the upper vacuum chamber 11 to a pressure of 30KPa. Vacuum and pressurize for 120 seconds.

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, the temperature of the laminator is raised to 110° C., and the adhesive film in the mold 121 and the container 122 melts to form a fluid. The container 122 is controlled to move upward by the lifting device 124 so that the inlet end of the liquid tube 123 is inserted under the liquid surface in the container 122. At this time, the rubber film fluid in the container 122 seals the inlet end of the liquid tube 123. Continue to pressurize the upper vacuum chamber 11 to 60KPa so that the top of the mold 121 remains sealed; then pressurize the lower vacuum chamber 12 to 20KPa to drive the film fluid in the container 122 to flow into the mold 121 through the effect of the air pressure difference, thereby filling Gaps in the mold 121.

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, the temperature of the laminator is raised to 160°C, and the lower vacuum chamber 12 is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 20KPa. After evacuating for 40 seconds, the upper vacuum chamber 11 is pressurized to 70KPa and pressurized for 20 minutes to obtain Laminated pieces.

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, after cooling the laminator temperature to 70°C, open the upper shell and take out the laminated parts.

Example 3

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the only difference is that the temperature and pressure of step S4 are different, and the order of partial vacuuming and pressurization is different.

S4.Lamination:

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, the temperature of the laminator is controlled at 70°C, then the upper shell of the laminator is opened, the laminated parts are fed into the mold 121 of the laminator, and the remaining film pieces are fed into In the container 122, the upper and lower shells are connected and sealed.

Evacuate the lower vacuum chamber 12 of the laminator to a vacuum degree of 30KPa. After evacuating for 120 seconds, a vacuum is formed in the mold 121; maintain the vacuum state of the lower vacuum chamber 12, and then inflate and pressurize the upper vacuum chamber 11 to a pressure of 40KPa. Vacuum and pressurize for 180 seconds.

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, the temperature of the laminator is raised to 105°C, and the adhesive film in the mold 121 and the container 122 melts to form a fluid. The container 122 is controlled to move upward by the lifting device 124 so that the inlet end of the liquid tube 123 is inserted under the liquid surface in the container 122. At this time, the rubber film fluid in the container 122 seals the inlet end of the liquid tube 123. Continue to pressurize the upper vacuum chamber 11 to 80KPa so that the top of the mold 121 remains sealed; then pressurize the lower vacuum chamber 12 to 30KPa to drive the film fluid in the container 122 to flow into the mold 121 through the effect of the air pressure difference, thereby filling Gaps in the mold 121.

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, the temperature of the laminator is raised to 155°C, and the lower vacuum chamber 12 is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 30KPa. After evacuating for 70 seconds, the upper vacuum chamber 11 is pressurized to 85KPa and pressurized for 12 minutes to obtain Laminated pieces.

Through the two-part heating structure in the laminator, after cooling the laminator temperature to 70°C, open the upper shell and take out the laminated parts.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or substitute them in similar ways, but this will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the definition of the appended claims. range.

Claims (10)

1. A solar module segment lamination method, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a panel, a back panel, a battery plate and an adhesive film, wherein the battery plate comprises a plurality of battery pieces;

s2, cutting the adhesive film into a plurality of adhesive films with areas not larger than the areas of the battery pieces;

s3, stacking: paving a plurality of adhesive films on the backboard, wherein the adhesive films are not contacted with each other, and the arrangement mode of the adhesive films is consistent with the arrangement mode of a plurality of battery pieces in the battery board; then, paving a battery plate on the adhesive film, and adjusting the position of the adhesive film so that the bottom surface of each battery plate corresponds to one adhesive film; then, paving a plurality of adhesive films on the battery plate, so that the top surface of each battery plate corresponds to one adhesive film; finally, paving a panel on the adhesive film sheet to obtain a laminated piece; placing the residual adhesive film sheet in a container for standby;

s4, laminating: a. controlling the temperature of the laminating machine below the softening temperature of the adhesive film, feeding the laminated piece into the laminating machine, pressurizing an upper vacuum chamber of the laminating machine, and vacuumizing a lower vacuum chamber of the laminating machine; b. heating the remaining adhesive film sheets in the container to a temperature above the softening temperature of the adhesive film and below the crosslinking temperature of the adhesive film to form adhesive film fluid; raising the temperature of the laminating machine to be higher than the softening temperature of the adhesive film and lower than the crosslinking temperature of the adhesive film, and simultaneously introducing adhesive film fluid between the panel and the backboard of the laminated piece; c. and (3) raising the temperature of the laminating machine to be higher than the crosslinking temperature of the adhesive film, and performing compression molding to obtain the laminated piece.

2. A solar module segment lamination method according to claim 1, wherein: and after compression molding, cooling the laminating machine and taking out the laminated piece.

3. A solar module segment lamination method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step a, the lower vacuum chamber is vacuumized firstly, and then the lower vacuum chamber is vacuumized and the upper vacuum chamber is pressurized simultaneously; vacuumizing for 4-5min and pressurizing for 2-3min.

4. A solar module segment lamination method according to claim 1, wherein: in step b, both the upper vacuum chamber and the lower vacuum chamber are pressurized, and the pressure of the upper vacuum chamber is greater than the pressure of the lower vacuum chamber.

5. A solar module segment lamination method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step c, the lower vacuum chamber is vacuumized and then the upper vacuum chamber is pressurized and molded.

6. A solar module segment lamination method according to claim 5, wherein: the vacuumizing time of the lower vacuum chamber is 40-70s.

7. A solar module segment lamination method according to claim 1, wherein: in step c, the pressurizing time is 12-20min.

8. A solar module segment lamination method according to claim 1, wherein: EVA adhesive film is selected as the adhesive film.

9. A laminator for carrying out the solar module staged lamination method of any one of claims 1-8, comprising a housing (1) and a silicone plate (10) arranged in the housing (1), the silicone plate (10) dividing an inner cavity of the housing (1) into an upper vacuum chamber (11) and a lower vacuum chamber (12), and further comprising a control structure for controlling the upper vacuum chamber (11) and the lower vacuum chamber (12) to be evacuated or inflated and pressurized; a heating structure is arranged in the lower vacuum chamber (12); the method is characterized in that: a die (121) for accommodating the laminated piece, a container (122) for accommodating the residual adhesive film sheets and a liquid pipe (123) are arranged in the lower vacuum chamber (12), the outlet end of the liquid pipe (123) is arranged in the die (121), and the inlet end of the liquid pipe is arranged outside the die (121); and a lifting device (124) for controlling the lifting of the container (122) so that the inlet end of the liquid pipe (123) is inserted into the container (122).

10. A laminator according to claim 9, wherein: the die (121) comprises a side plate arranged on the side surface of the laminated piece and used for preventing glue film fluid in the laminated piece from overflowing; the side plate is hollow, and the heating structure comprises a heating piece arranged in the inner cavity of the side plate.