CN108269882B - Photovoltaic module laminating process - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module laminating process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108269882B CN108269882B CN201611260868.0A CN201611260868A CN108269882B CN 108269882 B CN108269882 B CN 108269882B CN 201611260868 A CN201611260868 A CN 201611260868A CN 108269882 B CN108269882 B CN 108269882B
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- photovoltaic module
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- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006124 polyolefin elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006342 thermoplastic vulcanizate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F71/137—Batch treatment of the devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/18—Handling of layers or the laminate
- B32B38/1858—Handling of layers or the laminate using vacuum
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种光伏组件层压工艺，包括以下工艺流程：①提供光伏组件以及用来对所述光伏组件层压的层压机，所述层压机设有加热板，所述光伏组件上方设有自发热板块；②在层压机上设定层压参数，待加热板和自发热板块温度达到指定温度后，将光伏组件放入层压机，并合盖；③对光伏组件各层之间进行抽真空操作；④接着对所述层压机的上室进行加压，将所述自发热板块下压至所述光伏组件顶部，所述自发热板块与所述加热板同时对所述光伏组件进行加热；⑤层压好后，所述层压机的下室充气，上室抽真空，打开上盖，将所述光伏组件取出，层压完成。如此设置，有效的控制了不同阶段对所述光伏组件加热的温度，缩短了光伏组件层压时间，提高了生产效率。
The present invention provides a photovoltaic module lamination process, including the following process flow: ① providing a photovoltaic module and a laminator for laminating the photovoltaic module, the laminating machine is provided with a heating plate, the photovoltaic module There is a self-heating plate above; 2. Set the lamination parameters on the laminator. After the temperature of the heating plate and the self-heating plate reaches the specified temperature, put the photovoltaic modules into the laminator and close the cover; 3. Carry out vacuuming operation between layers; ④ then pressurize the upper chamber of the laminator, press down the self-heating plate to the top of the photovoltaic module, and the self-heating plate and the heating plate simultaneously The photovoltaic module is heated; ⑤ After lamination, the lower chamber of the laminator is inflated, the upper chamber is evacuated, the upper cover is opened, the photovoltaic module is taken out, and the lamination is completed. This arrangement effectively controls the heating temperature of the photovoltaic modules in different stages, shortens the lamination time of the photovoltaic modules, and improves the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules, in particular to a photovoltaic module laminating process for shortening the laminating time of a photovoltaic module and improving the laminating efficiency of the photovoltaic module.
Background
The lamination process of a photovoltaic module is an important component of the photovoltaic module manufacturing process. And (3) pumping air out of the photovoltaic module in the laminating machine through vacuumizing, and heating to melt the packaging adhesive film so as to bond the solar cell string layer, the glass and the back plate glass together. The main structure of the laminating machine is composed of an upper vacuum cavity, a lower vacuum cavity, a silica gel plate, a heating system, a vacuum system, a heating control system, a control system and the like.
The lamination process adopted in the lamination procedure is to complete air suction, temperature rise and curing in a laminator at one time. In the traditional photovoltaic module laminating process, the temperature of a laminating machine of the packaging adhesive film curing process is generally set to be 140-150 ℃, then the photovoltaic module is placed into the packaging adhesive film curing process, air is exhausted for 5-8 min, pressure is applied for 1-2min, constant-temperature curing is carried out for 9-15 min, and the packaging adhesive film curing process is taken out and cooled immediately after air is exhausted.
In the lamination process, different photovoltaic modules have different requirements on temperature rising speed in different lamination stages, and the temperature rising speed is one of the keys of packaging success and failure. Firstly, heating to melt the packaging adhesive film, flowing and filling the gaps of the battery piece, and then solidifying the packaging adhesive film at a higher temperature to crosslink into reticular macromolecules. If the time for heating and curing the packaging adhesive film is too long, the packaging adhesive film can not be cured due to the fact that the cross-linking agent is decomposed by heating; if the temperature rise rate is too fast, bubbles are generated again.
Generally, the production efficiency and the yield of photovoltaic modules are integrated, and excellent lamination parameters are that the packaging adhesive film is fully melted by vacuumizing at a relatively low temperature, the packaging adhesive film flows and fills gaps of a solar cell string layer, and air is completely exhausted; and then the temperature is raised, so that the packaging adhesive film is quickly cured, the laminating time is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. However, the existing laminating equipment mainly depends on the heating plate at the lower layer for constant temperature heating, the laminating temperature at each stage is not controllable, the requirement on the pumping force of the vacuum pump is higher, in order to ensure that the vacuum pumping is completed in a short time, the pumping force of the vacuum pump must be increased, but the pumping force of the vacuum pump is too large, and the risk of cracking of the solar cell string layer can be greatly increased. Meanwhile, the requirement on the melting speed and the crosslinking speed of the packaging adhesive film material is high, and the adverse effects of splintering caused by overhigh and overlow melting temperature, air bubbles generated in the photovoltaic module and the like are caused. Too fast a crosslinking speed also gives rise to air bubbles, and too slow a crosslinking speed affects the lamination efficiency.
Aiming at the problems, in order to improve the yield and the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module, processes such as upper and lower heating plates, 2-cavity segmented lamination and the like are developed in the industry. However, the above methods all need to replace or modify the machine, and the investment cost is high, so that the method is not suitable for the traditional laminating machine.
In view of the above, there is a need for an improved photovoltaic module lamination process to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic module laminating process which combines the characteristics of a traditional laminating machine and materials to improve the traditional laminating mode, reduce the ratio of hollow bubbles and splinters in a photovoltaic module in the laminating process, shorten the laminating time of the photovoltaic module and improve the production efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module lamination process, which comprises the following process flows:
firstly, providing a photovoltaic module which is formed by laminating glass, a solar cell string layer, a packaging adhesive film and TPT (thermoplastic vulcanizate), and a laminating machine for laminating the photovoltaic module, wherein the laminating machine is provided with a heating plate, and a self-heating plate block is arranged above the photovoltaic module;
setting laminating parameters on a laminating machine, putting the photovoltaic module into the laminating machine after the temperatures of the heating plate and the self-heating plate reach specified temperatures, and closing the cover;
vacuumizing the photovoltaic module layers, heating the photovoltaic module by the heating plate and the self-heating plate, and enabling the packaging adhesive film to be heated to be in a molten state and flow to fill gaps among the glass, the solar cell string layer and the TPT;
pressurizing an upper chamber between the photovoltaic component and an upper cover of the laminating machine, pressing the self-heating plate to the top of the photovoltaic component, heating the photovoltaic component by the self-heating plate, and heating the photovoltaic component by the heating plate;
and fifthly, after lamination, inflating the lower chamber of the laminator, vacuumizing the upper chamber, opening the upper cover, taking out the photovoltaic module, and finishing lamination.
As a further improvement of the invention, the heating temperature range of the self-heating plate is controlled to be between 130 ℃ and 160 ℃.
As a further improvement of the invention, the heating temperature range of the heating plate is controlled between 120 ℃ and 130 ℃.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step (iv), after the packaging adhesive film in the photovoltaic module is sufficiently melted, the self-heating plate is pressed down to be in contact with the photovoltaic module.
As a further improvement of the invention, the self-heating plate is not contacted with the photovoltaic component in the steps I, II and III.
As a further improvement of the invention, the self-heating plate heats the photovoltaic module through radiation heating in the steps I, II and III.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the self-heating panel is pressed down to contact with the photovoltaic module in the step (iv), and then heats the photovoltaic module simultaneously by radiation heating and contact heat conduction heating.
As a further development of the invention, the heating plate heats the photovoltaic module primarily by contact heat conduction.
As a further improvement of the invention, the packaging adhesive film is made of EVA, POE or PVB.
As a further improvement of the invention, the self-heating plate is a self-heating silica gel plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the photovoltaic module laminating process, the self-heating plate is additionally arranged above the photovoltaic module, and the self-heating plate is matched with the heating plate positioned below the photovoltaic module in the traditional heating mode to heat the photovoltaic module, so that hollow bubbles generated in the photovoltaic module in the laminating process are avoided, the risk rate of solar cell string layer cracking is reduced, and the product yield is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module in a photovoltaic module lamination process according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a conventional heating method for a lamination machine with a cover of the lamination machine above a photovoltaic module in a lamination process of the photovoltaic module.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heating and vacuum-pumping section of a self-heating plate in the process of the photovoltaic module laminating process.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a self-heating plate lamination process in the photovoltaic module lamination process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic device in a photovoltaic device lamination process according to the present invention. The photovoltaic module comprises a glass plate 11, a TPT (not shown), a packaging adhesive film 12, a solar cell string layer 1, a packaging adhesive film 14, a TPT (not shown) and a glass plate 15 which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom.
Fig. 2 shows a conventional heating method of a photovoltaic module laminating process. In the conventional heating mode, the laminator only has the heating plate 2 positioned below the photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic module is heated mainly through contact heat conduction of the heating plate 2. The photovoltaic module is placed below the laminator upper cover 3.
The process flow of the traditional heating mode is as follows: setting lamination parameters: setting a laminating temperature parameter, wherein generally, the temperature range of the heating plate 2 is set to be 140-150 ℃, the air exhaust time range is set to be 5-8 min, the pressurization time range is set to be 1-2min, the constant temperature curing time range is set to be 9-15 min, and after the temperature of the heating plate 2 reaches a specified temperature, the laminated photovoltaic module is placed into a laminating machine and covered; secondly, vacuum pumping stage: after the cover is closed, the upper chamber and the lower chamber are vacuumized, and air among the glass, the TPT, the packaging adhesive film and the solar cell string layer 1 is removed; ③ a laminating stage: the lower chamber is continuously vacuumized, and simultaneously the upper chamber is inflated to start lamination; the packaging adhesive film which is heated to be in a molten state flows to fill the gaps among the glass, the solar cell string layer 1 and the TPT, and meanwhile, bubbles in the middle are removed; and fourthly, after lamination, inflating the lower chamber, vacuumizing the upper chamber, opening the upper cover and taking out the photovoltaic module.
When the packaging adhesive film is made of POE (polyolefin elastomer) or the photovoltaic module is a double-glass solar photovoltaic module which is made of materials and products with special requirements on heating temperature, production can be realized only by increasing laminating time, and the laminating efficiency is reduced.
Referring to fig. 3 to 4 in combination with fig. 1, compared with the conventional heating method in the lamination process, the photovoltaic module lamination process of the present invention adds a self-heating plate 4 above the photovoltaic module, and the self-heating plate 4 cooperates with the heating plate 2 to heat the photovoltaic module.
The process flow of the heating mode of the photovoltaic module laminating process is as follows: providing a photovoltaic module consisting of glass, TPT, packaging adhesive films and a solar cell string layer 1 which are arranged in a stacked mode, and a laminating machine (not numbered) for laminating the photovoltaic module, wherein the laminating machine comprises a heating plate 2 positioned below the photovoltaic module and a self-heating plate block 4 positioned above the photovoltaic module; setting lamination parameters: setting a laminating temperature parameter, wherein the temperature range of the heating plate 2 is set to be 120-130 ℃, the temperature range of the self-heating plate 4 is set to be 130-160 ℃, and after the temperatures of the heating plate 2 and the self-heating plate 4 reach specified temperatures, putting the photovoltaic module into a laminating machine and closing the cover; ③ vacuumizing stage: after the cover is closed, vacuumizing an upper chamber and a lower chamber between the laminating machine and the photovoltaic module, removing air among glass, TPT, packaging adhesive films and the solar cell string layer 1 in the photovoltaic module, wherein the packaging adhesive films which are heated to be in a molten state flow to fill the gaps among the glass, the solar cell string layer 1 and the TPT and simultaneously remove bubbles in the middle; fourthly, laminating stage: while the lower chamber continues to be evacuated, the upper chamber is inflated and simultaneously lamination of the photovoltaic module downwards is started; then pressurizing the upper chamber of the photovoltaic assembly, pressing the self-heating plate 4 positioned above the photovoltaic assembly down to be in contact with the photovoltaic assembly, matching the heating plate 2 with the self-heating plate 4, and heating the photovoltaic assembly; and fifthly, after lamination, inflating the lower chamber, vacuumizing the upper chamber, opening the upper cover 3 of the laminating machine, and taking out the photovoltaic module.
As shown in fig. 3, during the evacuation phase, the self-heating panel 4 is not in contact with the photovoltaic module, because of the vacuum pumping, the heat transfer medium is reduced, the heat conduction rate is low, meanwhile, the self-heating plate 4 mainly heats the photovoltaic assembly through radiation, the temperature rise is slow, and the temperature range of the heating plate 2 is set to be lower than that of the heating plate 2 in the conventional heating manner, the heating plate 2 heats the photovoltaic module mainly through contact heat conduction, therefore, the internal temperature of the photovoltaic module is not too high in the vacuumizing stage, so that the packaging adhesive film in the photovoltaic module has enough time to fully melt and fill the gap between the glass and the solar cell string layer 1 and the TPT in the vacuumizing stage, the solar cell string layer 1 is prevented from being broken due to too high heating temperature, and meanwhile, the generation of hollow bubbles in the photovoltaic module is avoided.
As shown in fig. 4, the upper chamber under the upper cover 3 of the laminator is pressurized, the self-heating plate 4 is pressed to the upper side of the photovoltaic module to contact with the photovoltaic module, the self-heating plate 4 forms contact heat conduction and radiation heating on the photovoltaic module, meanwhile, the heating plate 2 contacts the photovoltaic module for heat conduction, the temperature of the photovoltaic module rises rapidly, heat required by crosslinking of the packaging adhesive film is provided in a short time, the packaging adhesive film is crosslinked rapidly, and the laminating time is reduced.
The self-heating plate 4 is a self-heating silica gel plate.
The packaging adhesive film is made of EVA, POE or PVB.
In conclusion, the photovoltaic module laminating process has the advantages that the self-heating plate 4 is additionally arranged above the photovoltaic module, and the self-heating plate is matched with the heating plate 2 positioned below the photovoltaic module in the traditional heating mode to heat the photovoltaic module, so that the heating temperature of the photovoltaic module in different stages is effectively controlled, hollow bubbles generated in the photovoltaic module in the laminating process are avoided, the risk rate of solar cell string layer cracking is reduced, the laminating time of the photovoltaic module is shortened, the product yield is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
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| CN201611260868.0A CN108269882B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Photovoltaic module laminating process |
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| CN201611260868.0A CN108269882B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Photovoltaic module laminating process |
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| CN108269882B true CN108269882B (en) | 2022-03-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109216489A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-15 | 浙江晟泰光伏有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic module vacuum lamination process |
| WO2020121036A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-18 | Arcelormittal | Lamination device and process thereof |
| CN109852289A (en) * | 2018-12-22 | 2019-06-07 | 中智(泰兴)电力科技有限公司 | A single crystal silicon heterojunction solar cell double-sided power generation module packaging film and packaging process |
| CN109703161B (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2024-04-30 | 深圳市信宇人科技股份有限公司 | Lamination method, bearing jig and lamination equipment of photovoltaic module |
| CN111710614B (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2022-01-11 | 中山市东翔微电子有限公司 | Oxygen-free packaging method of integrated circuit |
| CN111524987B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2022-03-08 | 常州汉韦聚合物有限公司 | Dual glass assembly and method of laminating the same |
| CN114883436B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-09-26 | 英利能源发展有限公司 | Lamination method of photovoltaic module |
| CN114883447A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-09 | 秦皇岛博硕光电设备股份有限公司 | Novel photovoltaic module pressing method |
| CN117976774B (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-06-07 | 徐州太一光电科技有限公司 | Intelligent process control method and system for photovoltaic module production |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102007041261B3 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-19 | Meier Vakuumtechnik Gmbh | Laminator, pressure membrane and method for laminating component stacks |
| EP2189283A1 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-05-26 | komax Holding AG | Apparatus for laminating a solar cell modul |
| CN101661975B (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-05-18 | 无锡尚品太阳能电力科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of lamination of solar battery components |
| CN104884256A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-09-02 | 梅耶博格公司 | Laminator for solar modules using a tube like pressing member |
| CN105097986B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2017-02-01 | 浙江尚越新能源开发有限公司 | Flexible film solar cell packaging method |
| CN104827742A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2015-08-12 | 安阳高新区生产力促进中心 | Laminating machine and laminating process of photovoltaic assembly |
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