CN114858568B - A method for forming an actively adjustable colored water-permeable integral road test piece - Google Patents
A method for forming an actively adjustable colored water-permeable integral road test piece Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
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- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 59
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010035148 Plague Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种主动调节式彩色透水整体路面试件成型方法，目的在于解决现有彩色透水整体路面试件制备时，振动成型法存在易使拌合物中浆体与石子分离，拌合物不均匀，导致下层密实透水性降低，而上层松散、强度下降的缺陷，静压成型法存在压力大小不易控制、设备不易搬移的缺陷；而插捣成型法存在插捣手工操作力度难控制，致使拌合物受力难均匀、抗压强度降低、难以满足送检质量要求的问题。其包括如下步骤：（1）根据彩色透水整体路面试件的制备要求，确定拌合物在装填单元内的溢出高度、锤头的击实力数值、锤头的击实次数；（2）将试件模具设置在卡座上，再将标定模套设置在试件模具上；而后，向标定模套内填充拌合物。
The present invention discloses an actively adjustable colored permeable integral road test piece forming method, the purpose of which is to solve the problems that when preparing the existing colored permeable integral road test pieces, the vibration forming method is easy to separate the slurry and the stone in the mixture, the mixture is uneven, resulting in the lower layer being compact and permeable, and the upper layer being loose and the strength being reduced; the static pressure forming method has the defects that the pressure is difficult to control and the equipment is difficult to move; and the ramming forming method has the problem that the ramming manual operation force is difficult to control, resulting in the mixture being difficult to be uniformly stressed, the compressive strength being reduced, and it is difficult to meet the quality requirements for inspection. The method comprises the following steps: (1) according to the preparation requirements of the colored permeable integral road test piece, the overflow height of the mixture in the filling unit, the hammer's striking force value, and the hammer's striking times are determined; (2) the test piece mold is set on the holder, and the calibration mold sleeve is set on the test piece mold; and then, the mixture is filled into the calibration mold sleeve.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of building concrete construction, in particular to the field of urban road engineering, and specifically relates to a method for forming an actively-regulated color permeable integrated road test piece. More specifically, the application provides an automatic control color permeable whole pavement test piece forming device for a building active adjustment type compaction method and a manufacturing method thereof, which can be used for preparing a color permeable whole pavement test piece and ensure the accuracy and reliability of a measurement result.
Background
Compared with the traditional concrete hardened pavement, the colored permeable integrated pavement is used as pavement material, is favorable for rainwater infiltration and groundwater supplement, relieves urban waterlogging, suppresses urban heat island effect, reduces urban air pollution and promotes improvement of urban ecological environment. Therefore, the application of the color water permeable integral pavement is also becoming wider. According to the mandatory regulations of the related building technical specifications, the color water-permeable whole pavement accompanying materials of each batch must be randomly extracted at the pouring sites of the color water-permeable whole pavement, and the color water-permeable whole pavement test pieces are manufactured on site, and are reserved and delivered to local detection departments for measuring the physical properties of the color water-permeable whole pavement accompanying materials.
The color permeable integral pavement is made of materials with continuous porosity by a special process, so that the color permeable integral pavement has a remarkable difference in physical properties from the traditional concrete hardened pavement.
At present, the existing common forming methods of the color permeable integrated pavement test piece are mainly divided into three types of vibration forming methods, static pressure forming methods and tamping forming methods. When the vibration molding method is used for preparing a color permeable whole pavement test piece, slurry which is formed by wrapping stones on the upper half part of a mixture and the stones can be separated, so that the mixture is uneven, the lower layer is compact, the water permeability is reduced, the upper layer particles are loose, and the strength is reduced. "(ref: song Zhongna, dan Yunxing, etc., pervious concrete and its application technique [ M ], china building industry Press, 2011.08). When the static pressure molding method is used for preparing a color permeable integrated pavement test piece, the pressure applied during operation is not easy to control, the coarse aggregate is damaged in the molding process due to the overlarge pressure, and the result of compactness cannot be achieved due to the overlarge pressure. "(ref: song Zhongna, dan Yunxing, etc., pervious concrete and its application technique [ M ], china building industry Press, 2011.08). In addition, the equipment for manufacturing the color water-permeable whole pavement test piece by the static pressure molding method is heavy and is not suitable to be moved to the site for use. When the shaping method is used for preparing a color permeable whole pavement test piece, the randomness of manual operation is high, uneven shaping is easy to cause, and the problems of low compressive strength and the like are caused. Therefore, the existing method for forming the color permeable whole pavement test piece is difficult to ensure the quality requirement of the formed test piece, and the difficult problem also always plagues permeable pavement construction enterprises.
For this reason, a new method and/or apparatus is urgently needed to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an active-adjustment type color permeable whole pavement test piece forming method and device thereof, aiming at the defects that slurry in a mixture is easily separated from stones, the mixture is uneven, the compactness and the permeability of a lower layer are reduced, the upper layer is loose and the strength is reduced when the existing color permeable whole pavement test piece is prepared, the static pressure forming method has the defects that the pressure is not easy to control and equipment is not easy to move, and the inserting and tamping forming method has the defects that the inserting and tamping manual operation force is difficult to control, so that the stress of the mixture is difficult to be uniform, the compressive strength is reduced, and the quality requirement of inspection is difficult to meet. The application uses the compaction method for the preparation process of the color water-permeable whole pavement test piece for the first time, adopts an active adjustment mode to realize the output of the set value of the compaction force, overcomes the defects of a vibration molding method, a static pressure molding method and an insert-ramming molding method, can mold the mixture for preparing the color water-permeable whole pavement in a test piece mold once, can meet the measurement requirement of the color water-permeable whole pavement, can accurately reflect the actual quality of the color water-permeable whole pavement, and has important significance and remarkable market application value for popularization of related technologies. Furthermore, the equipment provided by the application has the advantages of small volume, good adaptability, controllable output impact force and good forming effect, and can effectively enable the porosity, the water permeability coefficient and the compressive strength to meet the design requirements.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
an actively-adjusting type color permeable integrated pavement test piece forming method comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the preparation requirements of the color permeable whole pavement test piece, determining the overflow height of the mixture in the filling unit, the compaction force value of the hammer head and the compaction times of the hammer head;
(2) The method comprises the steps of arranging a test piece mould on a clamping seat, arranging a calibration mould sleeve on the test piece mould, filling a mixture into the calibration mould sleeve, and reading the height of the mixture through scale marks on the inner wall of the calibration mould sleeve until the height of the mixture reaches a set overflow height, wherein the filling is finished;
(3) The control system drives the servo motor to work, the servo motor drives the screw nut and a nut support column connected with the screw nut to synchronously accelerate, when the screw nut reaches a set position of the ball screw, the screw nut and the nut support column connected with the screw nut reach set acceleration, at the moment, the control system controls the electromagnetic switch to work, the electromagnetic switch generates magnetic force to drive the clamping slide block and the clamping wheel on the clamping slide block to synchronously move along the outer side of the second guide groove and separate the clamping wheel from the first clamping groove on the nut support column so as to separate the nut support column from the supporting box body, and then the screw nut is driven by the ball screw to continuously move downwards, and the supporting box body drives the hammer head connected with the screw nut to downwards to compaction and gradually turn into a static state, and the hammer head is used for beating the mixture in the test piece die and the compaction force of the hammer head reaches the set value;
(4) After the striking process of the step (3) is finished, the servo motor drives the ball screw to move, the electromagnetic switch is closed, the clamping wheel is reset and moved towards the nut support column along the second guide groove, and the clamping wheel is clamped in the first clamping groove under the action of the reset spring, so that the nut support column and the supporting box body are connected into a whole;
(5) Repeating the steps (3) and (4) until the set hammer compaction times are reached, and completing the forming operation of the test piece.
In the step 1, for different color water permeable integral pavement test pieces, the preparation parameters of the test pieces are determined by adopting orthogonal experiment and comparison experiment methods, wherein the preparation parameters comprise the overflow height of the mixture in the filling unit, the compaction force value of the hammer head and the compaction times of the hammer head.
In the step 3, the height of the mixture in the calibration die sleeve is measured through a laser range finder, and the rotation angular speed and the angular acceleration of the servo motor are adjusted according to the measured height of the mixture so as to ensure that the compaction force of the hammer head reaches a set value each time.
The adjustment of the impact force of the hammer head is realized by adjusting the rotation angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the servo motor.
A color permeable integrated pavement test piece forming device comprises a supporting unit, an accelerating unit, a compacting unit, a filling unit and a control system;
the support unit comprises a substrate, a backboard, a fixed support plate and a support column, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the backboard are respectively connected with the fixed support plate and the substrate, the upper end and the lower end of the support column are respectively connected with the fixed support plate and the substrate, and the fixed support plate, the backboard, the substrate and the support column form the support unit together;
The accelerating unit comprises a servo motor connected with the supporting unit, a driver connected with the servo motor, a ball screw, a guide rail and a floating lifting block, wherein an output shaft of the servo motor is connected with the ball screw, the servo motor can drive the ball screw to rotate, the guide rail is arranged on the back plate, and the floating lifting block is arranged on the guide rail and can move relative to the guide rail;
The compaction unit comprises a screw nut, a nut pillar and a flexible switch assembly, wherein the screw nut, the nut pillar and the flexible switch assembly are matched with a ball screw, the flexible switch assembly comprises a supporting box body, a clamping sliding block, a reset spring, an electromagnetic switch, clamping wheels, a hammer handle and a hammer head, the electromagnetic switch, the clamping wheels, the hammer handle and the hammer head are matched with the clamping sliding block, the screw nut is arranged on the ball screw, the screw nut can move relative to the ball screw in the axial direction, the nut pillar is respectively connected with a floating lifting block and the screw nut, a first guide groove and a second guide groove which are matched with the nut pillar are arranged in the supporting box body, the nut pillar passes through the first guide groove and can move relative to the first guide groove, the number of the second guide groove, the clamping sliding block, the clamping wheels, the reset spring and the electromagnetic switch is N, the number of N is natural number of N is equal to or more than 2, and the second guide groove is uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the nut pillar;
The clamping slide block, the return spring and the electromagnetic switch are sequentially arranged in the second guide groove along the direction from the center of the supporting box body to the outer side of the supporting box body, the electromagnetic switch can drive the clamping slide block to move towards the direction close to the electromagnetic switch after being electrified, the return spring is positioned between the electromagnetic switch and the clamping slide block, and the return spring can provide a return force for the clamping slide block to move towards the center of the supporting box body;
The two ends of the hammer handle are respectively connected with the supporting box body and the hammer head, the hammer head is arranged on one side of the hammer handle facing the filling unit, and the hammer head can compact the mixture in the filling unit;
The filling unit comprises a clamping seat, a test piece die for preparing a test piece and a calibration die sleeve with two open ends, wherein the clamping seat is fixedly arranged on a substrate, the test piece die is arranged on the clamping seat, the calibration die sleeve is sleeved on the open end of the test piece die, a mixture for preparing the test piece can be filled into the test piece die through the calibration die sleeve, the inner wall of the calibration die sleeve is provided with scale marks, and the whole height of the mixture in the calibration die sleeve can be read through the scale marks in the calibration die sleeve;
the driver and the electromagnetic switch are respectively connected with the control system.
The number of the support columns is at least two, and the support columns are uniformly distributed on the substrate.
The number of the support columns is two, and the axial directions of the support columns are parallel to the horizontal plane where the backboard is located. Preferably, the support columns are two and are arranged in parallel.
The support columns are connected with the fixed support plates, the support columns are connected with the base plate, the back plate is connected with the fixed support plates, and the back plate is connected with the base plate through bolts or screws.
The guide rails are a group, and the guide rails are arranged on the backboard in parallel.
The axial direction of the guide rail is arranged along the vertical direction.
The guide rod is arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the guide rail.
The guide rod is connected with the fixed supporting plate.
The servo motor and the driver are respectively connected with the fixed supporting plate.
The motor protection seat is matched with the servo motor, and the motor protection seat is connected with the supporting unit.
The motor protection seat is connected with the fixed supporting plate.
The test piece die is detachably connected with the clamping seat, and the clamping seat is fixedly arranged on the substrate.
The lower extreme of backplate links to each other with the base plate, the upper end of backplate links to each other with fixed backup pad, the upper end of support column links to each other with fixed backup pad, the lower extreme of support column links to each other with the base plate, fixed backup pad, backplate, base plate and support column constitute the supporting unit jointly.
The inner cavity of the test piece die is a rectangular body with one end open;
the upper end calibration part and the lower end connection part are integrally formed, the inner diameter of the lower end connection part is larger than that of the upper end calibration part, an annular bulge matched with the test piece die is formed at the connection part of the upper end calibration part and the lower end connection part, and the lower end connection part can be sleeved on the outer wall of the test piece die through the annular bulge;
the inner diameter of the upper end calibration part is the same as that of the test piece die, and the scale marks are positioned on the inner wall of the upper end calibration part.
The inner wall of the calibration die sleeve is provided with scale marks with the precision of 1 mm.
And the test piece die is also provided with a plurality of through holes.
The support unit further comprises a front panel which can be sleeved on the support unit.
The nut support column comprises a horizontal connecting piece and a vertical connecting rod matched with the first guide groove, the vertical connecting rod is vertical to the horizontal connecting piece, the horizontal connecting piece is connected with the floating lifting block and the screw nut respectively, the vertical connecting rod is arranged in the first guide groove and can move relative to the first guide groove, the vertical connecting rod and the horizontal connecting piece are integrally formed, the nut support column is integrally T-shaped, and the first clamping groove is located on the vertical connecting rod.
The number of the second guide grooves is two, and the second guide grooves are symmetrically arranged relative to the nut support posts.
And two ends of the reset spring are respectively connected with the electromagnetic switch and the clamping slide block.
The return spring is a pressure spring.
The clamping slider is made of magnetic conductive materials.
The supporting box body is connected with the hammer handle through threads respectively.
The system also comprises an industrial display screen connected with a control system, wherein the control system is a PLC controller.
The control system is arranged on the support frame, and the support frame can provide support for the control system.
The heat dissipation cover is arranged on the control system.
The device also comprises a laser range finder which is connected with the control system, wherein the laser range finder is arranged on the supporting unit and can measure the height of the mixture in the filling unit.
The laser range finder is arranged on the fixed supporting plate.
At present, most of the existing compaction equipment realizes accurate compaction force based on the principle of free falling, namely, when the equipment works, a compaction hammer realizes the compaction process through free falling. According to Newton's second law, F=G=mg, where F is the striking force, G is the gravity, m is the mass of the striking hammer, and G is the acceleration of gravity. In the process, the gravity acceleration is kept fixed, and the accurate compaction force can be obtained easily by changing the mass of the compaction hammer.
However, this implementation of the impact force has certain drawbacks in practical use, mainly in the following three aspects:
1) The compaction force output by the existing compaction equipment is discrete and cannot be continuously adjusted;
2) The range of the existing compaction equipment is limited by the mass of the compaction hammer, so that smaller compaction force is difficult to realize;
3) The existing compaction equipment adopts a manual mode to add weights or gauge blocks, is not easy to realize automatic adjustment, has a passive whole test piece preparation process, and brings inconvenience to field construction site operation;
4) When the test piece is prepared, the height of the accompanying material is gradually reduced along with the compaction process, so that the compaction height of the compaction hammer is changed, and the repeated process distance can be accurately measured by a laser ranging mode, so that the screw rotating speed and the acceleration of the hammer head are calculated and adjusted according to the system.
The application provides an active adjusting type color water-permeable integral pavement test piece forming method and device, wherein an active adjusting mode of variable acceleration is adopted, and the device comprises a supporting unit, an accelerating unit, a compacting unit, a filling unit and a control system.
The assembly process of the device is as follows:
1) Firstly, horizontally placing the backboard on a workbench, fixing the guide rail on the backboard by adopting screws, and connecting the fixed support plate with the backboard by using screws;
2) Assembling a servo motor and a driver on a fixed supporting plate, connecting a ball screw with an output shaft of the servo motor, and simultaneously, assembling a motor protection seat on the servo motor to protect the servo motor;
3) The flexible switch assembly is arranged on the floating lifting block, wherein the hammer head is connected with the hammer handle in advance and then connected with the supporting box body into a whole, the base plate is arranged, the supporting column is connected and fixed with the base plate by screws, and the clamping seat is arranged and fixed on the base plate;
4) The power socket and the support frame are arranged behind the back plate, the PLC controller is fixed on the support frame through screws, the PLC controller is covered by the heat dissipation cover, the heat dissipation cover is fixed on the support frame, a plurality of I/0 interfaces (used for controlling an industrial display screen and the PLC controller) are arranged, lines (connected with a servo motor, the PLC controller, the industrial display screen and the like) are arranged, the laser range finder is arranged at the lower part of the top end of the support unit, the front panel is arranged, the industrial display screen is fixed in the middle of the front panel, and the cover baffles at the two sides are arranged, so that the equipment is installed.
In the application, a flexible switch assembly design is adopted. The electromagnetic switch is powered on, the clamping slide block moves outwards under the action of the attraction of the electromagnetic switch, and the clamping slide block moves inwards under the action of the reset spring after the electromagnetic switch is powered off. In the structure, the first clamping groove is separated from and connected with the clamping wheel, so that the relative separation and connection of the movement of the nut support column and the support box body are realized, and further the acceleration adjustment and equal acceleration compaction of the hammer head are realized.
In view of the differences of aggregate, binder and mix proportion adopted by enterprises for blending the color water-permeable whole pavement, before formally manufacturing the color water-permeable whole pavement test piece, the unique characteristics of the color water-permeable whole pavement mixture suitable for the enterprises are explored through an orthogonal experiment or a contrast experiment method, and the manufactured color water-permeable whole pavement test piece can reach the design physical property requirement. The color water-permeable integral pavement mixture filling device comprises three parameters, namely, an overflow height of the color water-permeable integral pavement mixture filled in a filling unit, B, a compaction force Kg number, C and compaction times. Under the premise of a certain mixture, three parameters determined by the method are adopted to prepare the test piece meeting the performance requirement of the color permeable whole pavement.
With the above equipment, the test piece preparation steps are as follows:
1) Placing the device of the application on a flat workbench and switching on the power supply;
2) According to the model specification of a test piece mould for testing the color permeable integrated pavement, the matched hammer head is replaced on a hammer handle of the equipment;
3) The method comprises the steps of vertically sleeving a calibration die sleeve on a test piece die to form a filling assembly, then filling prepared color permeable integrated pavement mixture into the filling assembly, naturally settling the mixture in the filling assembly under the action of compaction force, finding out accurate mixture settlement amount through experiments in advance for ensuring the legal size of a test piece, filling the mixture into the filling assembly according to the measured mixture settlement amount until the mixture reaches the corresponding scale value (namely overflow height) at the inner side of the calibration die sleeve, and keeping the surface of the mixture in the calibration die sleeve flat;
4) Smoothly placing the filling assembly assembled with the mixture in the step 3) on a substrate of equipment, and fixing the filling assembly by using a clamping seat on the substrate;
5) Inputting the number of the compaction force Kg and the preferred compaction times into a control system, and then starting the equipment;
6) The compact distance of the block is tested by a laser range finder, and the rotation angular speed and the angular acceleration of the servo motor are calculated repeatedly by a control system;
7) The servo motor drives the ball screw in a rotating way and drives a screw nut on the ball screw to move along a straight line, the screw nut is fixedly connected with a nut support column into a whole, the nut support column is connected with a supporting box body through the matching of a clamping sliding block and a clamping wheel, and the supporting box body is fixedly connected with a hammer head, so that the hammer head can be driven to move at the same speed and acceleration;
8) The method comprises the steps of stably conveying a hammer head to a given position (namely, when the surface of a concrete test block) with a set acceleration, sending an instruction by a control system, electrifying an electromagnetic switch, and opening a flexible switch assembly, wherein a clamping slide block drives a clamping wheel to simultaneously move outwards under the suction force of the electromagnetic switch;
9) After the impact is finished, the electromagnetic switch loses power, the clamping slide block and the clamping wheel on the clamping slide block move inwards under the action of the reset spring and are clamped in the first clamping groove of the nut support column, and the nut support column moves upwards to return to the initial position under the drive of the ball screw so as to quickly return to the initial position;
10 The laser range finder calibrates the compaction distance of the current test block, calculates the rotation angular speed and the angular acceleration of the servo motor at the next time through the control system, and performs the next compaction process until the test piece preparation is completed.
The application can realize the automatic adjustment control of the compaction force and the compaction times, and simultaneously, the application adopts the control of the rotation angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the servo motor to realize the change and the adjustment of the compaction force, which is essentially different from the simple change of the gravity of the hammer in the prior art. Experimental test results prove that the test piece obtained by the method can meet the design requirements of the connected porosity and the water permeability coefficient, and the compressive strength can be greatly improved. The application effectively overcomes the technical defects of a vibration molding method, a static pressure molding method and an inserting and tamping molding method, and the color permeable integral pavement mixture is molded by one-step molding, has the characteristics of exquisite equipment, portability, easy carrying, convenient use for frequent relocation of construction teams, and suitability for mobility of construction enterprises and easy transportation and on-site use. In summary, the application has simple application and good molding effect, can lead the porosity, the water permeability coefficient and the compressive strength of the color water permeable whole pavement test piece to reach the design requirements, meets the measurement requirements of the test piece, and has higher application value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the molding apparatus in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the front panel of fig. 1 mounted.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the molding apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the flexible switch assembly in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is an assembly schematic of the packing assembly of embodiment 1.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the inner wall of the calibration sleeve.
In the figure, the mark comprises 1, a motor protection seat, 2, a back plate, 3, a support column, 4, a guide rail, 5, a test piece mould, 6, a base plate, 7, a clamping seat, 8, a calibration mould sleeve, 9, a hammer head, 10, a hammer handle, 11, a flexible switch assembly, 12, a screw nut, 13, a ball screw, 14, a servo motor, 15, a driver, 17, a front panel, 20, a heat dissipation cover, 21, a support frame, 22, a control system, 51, an electromagnetic switch, 52, clamping wheels, 53, a nut support column, 54, a clamping slide block, 55, a support box body, 56 and a return spring.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Example 1
As shown in the figure, the device for forming the color water-permeable integral pavement test piece in the embodiment comprises a supporting unit, an accelerating unit, a compacting unit, a filling unit and a control system. The support unit comprises a substrate, a backboard, a fixed support plate and a support column, wherein the lower ends of the backboard and the support column are respectively connected with the substrate, the upper ends of the backboard and the support column are respectively connected with the fixed support plate, and the fixed support plate, the backboard, the substrate and the support column form the support unit together. In the embodiment, the number of the support columns is two, the axial directions of the support columns are respectively parallel to the horizontal plane where the backboard is located, and the support columns are respectively connected with the fixed support plate, the support columns and the substrate, the backboard and the fixed support plate and the backboard and the substrate through bolts or screws.
The filling unit comprises a clamping seat, a test piece die for preparing a test piece and a calibration die sleeve. In this embodiment, the calibration die sleeve is in a shape with two open ends, and the inner cavity of the test piece die is a rectangular body with one open end. More specifically, the calibration die sleeve comprises a lower end connecting part and an upper end calibration part, the inner cavity of the upper end calibration part and the inner cavity of the lower end connecting part are respectively rectangular bodies with two open ends, the upper end calibration part and the lower end connecting part are integrally formed, the inner diameter of the lower end connecting part is larger than that of the upper end calibration part, an annular bulge matched with a test piece die is formed at the connection part of the upper end calibration part and the lower end connecting part, the lower end connecting part can be sleeved on the outer wall of the test piece die through the annular bulge, the inner diameter of the upper end calibration part is identical to that of the test piece die, and scale marks with the precision of 1mm are arranged on the inner wall of the upper end calibration part. In this embodiment, the cassette is fixed to be set up on the base plate, adopts the detachable connection between test piece mould and the cassette, marks the die sleeve and overlaps on test piece mould's opening, and test piece mould constitutes test piece mould with demarcating the die sleeve jointly. In the structure, the mixture for preparing the test piece can be filled into the test piece mold through the calibration die sleeve, and the whole height of the mixture in the calibration die sleeve can be read through the scale marks in the calibration die sleeve. Preferably, the test piece mold is provided with a plurality of through holes.
The accelerating unit comprises a servo motor, a driver, a ball screw, a guide rail and a floating lifting block which are connected with the supporting unit. The guide rail is arranged on the back plate, the floating lifting block is arranged on the guide rail, and the floating lifting block can move relative to the guide rail. In this embodiment, the number of guide rails and the number of floating lifters are two, and the guide rails are parallel to each other and disposed on the back plate. Preferably, the axial direction of the guide rail is arranged in the vertical direction. The servo motor and the driver are respectively arranged on the fixed supporting plate, the control system is connected with the servo motor through the driver, an output shaft of the servo motor is connected with the ball screw, and the servo motor can drive the ball screw to rotate. Preferably, the motor protector further comprises a motor protector, wherein the motor protector is connected with the fixed supporting plate, and the servo motor is arranged in the motor protector. In this structure, the servo motor can drive the ball screw to rotate synchronously, and the angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the servo motor can be adjusted by the driver.
The compaction unit comprises a screw nut matched with the ball screw, a nut pillar and a flexible switch assembly. The flexible switch assembly comprises a supporting box body, a clamping sliding block, a reset spring, an electromagnetic switch matched with the clamping sliding block, a clamping wheel, a hammer handle and a hammer head. The screw nut is arranged on the ball screw and can move relative to the ball screw in the axial direction. In the structure, the screw nut can provide power for the movement of the nut support column along the vertical direction and ensure the axial movement of the nut support column along the ball screw.
The support box body is internally provided with a first guide groove and a second guide groove which are matched with the nut support column, the nut support column penetrates through the first guide groove, and the nut support column can move relative to the first guide groove. In the embodiment, the nut support column comprises a horizontal connecting piece and a vertical connecting rod matched with the first guide groove, the vertical connecting rod is perpendicular to the horizontal connecting piece, the horizontal connecting piece is connected with the floating lifting block and the screw nut respectively, the vertical connecting rod is arranged in the first guide groove and can move relative to the first guide groove, the vertical connecting rod and the horizontal connecting piece are integrally formed, and the whole nut support column is of a T shape. Meanwhile, a first clamping groove matched with the clamping wheel is formed in the vertical connecting rod, the clamping wheel on the clamping position sliding block can be clamped in the first clamping groove, so that the nut support and the supporting box body are kept relatively static, and when the clamping wheel is separated from the first clamping groove, the supporting box body can be gradually converted into a static state along the equal acceleration compaction movement of the vertical direction.
In this embodiment, second guide way, screens slider, card wheel, reset spring, electromagnetic switch are two respectively, and the axial symmetry setting of relative vertical connecting rod of second guide way. The clamping slide block, the reset spring and the electromagnetic switch are sequentially arranged in the second guide groove along the direction from the center of the supporting box body to the outer side of the supporting box body, two ends of the reset spring are respectively connected with the electromagnetic switch and the clamping slide block, the clamping wheel is arranged at one end, close to the center of the supporting box body, of the clamping slide block, and the clamping wheel can rotate relative to the clamping slide block. Furthermore, the clamping slider is made of magnetic conductive materials, and the reset spring is a pressure spring. In the structure, after the electromagnetic switch is powered on, the electromagnetic switch can provide magnetic force to enable the clamping slide block to move towards the direction close to the electromagnetic switch, further the clamping wheel on the clamping slide block is driven to be separated from the first clamping groove, further separation of the nut support column and the flexible switch assembly is achieved, the reset spring is located between the electromagnetic switch and the clamping slide block, and after the electromagnetic switch is powered off, the reset spring can provide reset force for the clamping slide block to move towards the center direction of the supporting box body, further the clamping slide block drives the clamping wheel on the clamping slide block to be clamped in the first clamping groove, and further the nut support column and the flexible switch assembly are kept relatively static. In this embodiment, the electromagnetic switch is connected to the control system.
The two ends of the hammer handle are respectively connected with the supporting box body and the hammer head, the hammer head is arranged on one side of the hammer handle facing the filling unit, and the hammer head can compact the mixture in the filling unit. Further, the supporting box body is connected with the hammer handle through threads respectively. Preferably, the support unit further comprises a front panel, the front panel being able to fit over the support unit.
Further, the intelligent control system further comprises an industrial display screen connected with the control system, a support frame connected with the support unit and a heat dissipation cover arranged on the control system, the control system adopts a PLC controller, the control system is arranged on the support frame, and the heat dissipation cover is arranged on the support frame. Preferably, the device further comprises a laser range finder, wherein the laser range finder is arranged on the supporting unit, the laser range finder is connected with the control system, and the laser range finder can measure the height of the mixture in the filling unit. Further, the laser rangefinder sets up on fixed backup pad.
In view of the differences in aggregate, binder and mix ratio adopted by enterprises for blending the color water-permeable whole pavement, before formally manufacturing the color water-permeable whole pavement test piece, the parameters which are suitable for the unique characteristics of the corresponding color water-permeable whole pavement mixture and can enable the manufactured color water-permeable whole pavement test piece to reach the design physical property requirements are explored by an orthogonal experiment or a contrast experiment method. The parameters mainly comprise the overflow height of the color permeable whole pavement filled in the calibration die sleeve, the number of compaction force Kg and the number of compaction times. Under the determined parameters, the standard color permeable whole pavement test piece can be prepared at cost.
The apparatus of this example was used to prepare a color water-permeable whole pavement test piece, which was operated as follows.
(1) And determining the overflow height of the mixture in the filling unit, the compaction force value of the hammer head and the compaction times of the hammer head according to the preparation requirements of the color permeable integrated pavement test piece.
(2) And setting the test piece mould on the clamping seat, and setting the calibration mould sleeve on the test piece mould. And filling the mixture into the calibration die sleeve, reading the height of the mixture through scale marks on the inner wall of the calibration die sleeve until the height of the mixture reaches the set overflow height, and finishing filling.
(3) The control system drives the servo motor to work through the driver, and the servo motor drives the screw nut and a nut support connected with the screw nut to accelerate synchronously. At the moment, the control system controls the electromagnetic switch to work, the electromagnetic switch generates magnetic force to drive the clamping slide block and the clamping wheel on the clamping slide block to synchronously move along the outer side of the second guide groove, and the clamping wheel is separated from the first clamping groove on the nut support column, so that the nut support column is separated from the supporting box body. Then, the screw nut continues to move downwards under the drive of the ball screw, and the supporting box body drives the hammer head connected with the screw nut to gradually change from compaction movement to a static state, so that the hammer head can strike the mixture in the test piece die, and the compaction force of the hammer head reaches a set value.
(4) After the striking process of the step (3) is finished, the servo motor drives the ball screw to move, the electromagnetic switch is closed, the clamping wheel moves towards the nut support column in a reset mode along the second guide groove, and under the action of the reset spring, the clamping wheel is clamped in the first clamping groove, so that the nut support column and the supporting box body are connected into a whole. Then, the servo motor drives the ball screw to reversely rotate, and the screw nut, the nut support connected with the screw nut and the support box body which is kept relatively static with the nut support are returned to the set position. At this time, the servo motor stops working, and the one-time compaction process is completed.
(5) Repeating the steps (3) and (4) until the set hammer compaction times are reached, and completing the forming operation of the test piece.
Preferably, in step 3, the laser range finder is used for calibrating the height of the mixture in the calibration die sleeve, and the rotation angular speed and the angular acceleration of the servo motor are adjusted according to the measured height of the mixture so as to ensure that the compaction force of the hammer head reaches a set value each time.
When the screw nut reaches the set position of the ball screw, the rotation angular speed of the servo motor and the striking times of the hammer head are adjusted to prepare the color permeable integrated pavement test piece meeting the requirements. Preferably, when the equipment works, the laser range finder measures the height of the mixture, the rotation angular speed and the angular acceleration of the servo motor are regulated by the control system, and when the hammer reaches the surface of the mixture, the electromagnetic switch works to separate the hammer from the nut support column, so that compaction operation is completed. By adopting the method, the compaction force on the surface of the mixture is the same every time, and meanwhile, the successful preparation of the color permeable whole pavement test piece is ensured by controlling the compaction times. Preferably, the application realizes the adjustment of the vertical movement acceleration of the hammer head (compaction unit) through the adjustment of the rotation angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the servo motor, thereby obtaining the required compaction force.
The application is based on the active adjustment principle of variable acceleration, can successfully prepare a color permeable whole pavement test piece, the communication porosity and the permeable coefficient of the prepared test piece meet the design requirements, and the compressive strength can be greatly improved. The application has important application value for the measurement of the performance of the color water-permeable integral pavement, can meet the application requirements of wide color water-permeable integral pavement construction enterprises, and is worthy of large-scale popularization and application.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (4)
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| KR100870055B1 (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2008-11-24 | 주식회사 모비코 | High Precision Servo Electric Press Using Preload |
| CN209727576U (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-12-03 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of analog material standard specimen hits actual load and sets |
| CN111521463A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-11 | 上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Permeable concrete laboratory forming device and method |
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