CN114816101B

CN114816101B - Touch sensor and touch display module

Info

Publication number: CN114816101B
Application number: CN202110134915.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林家瑞; 赵韦权; 刘少傑; 许思强
Original assignee: TPK Advanced Solutions Inc
Current assignee: TPK Advanced Solutions Inc
Priority date: 2021-01-29
Filing date: 2021-01-29
Publication date: 2025-07-29
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-29
Also published as: KR102584055B1; KR20220110026A; JP2022117385A; JP7247262B2; CN114816101A

Abstract

A touch sensor and a touch display module, wherein the touch sensor has a visible area and a peripheral area arranged on at least one side of the visible area, and includes a substrate and a first touch electrode layer. The substrate is provided with a hole area corresponding to the visible area, and the hole area has a first edge. The first touch electrode layer is arranged on the substrate and corresponds to the visible area. The first touch electrode layer includes a first electrode line extending along a first direction, the first electrode line having a first portion close to the hole area and a second portion away from the hole area in the first direction, wherein the first portion of the first electrode line is connected to the second portion of the first electrode line, and the first portion of the first electrode line is arranged adjacent to the first edge along the contour of the hole area. Thus, when the above-mentioned touch sensor is integrated into a touch display module with optical function, the narrow frame design requirement of the touch display module can be met, and the touch function can be well maintained.

Description

Touch sensor and touch display module

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to a touch sensor and a touch display module comprising the same.

Background

With rapid development of technology, various electronic devices (e.g., mobile phones, tablet computers, etc.) have integrated touch display functions. The display surface of the electronic device comprises a visible area and a peripheral area, wherein the peripheral area is usually arranged around the visible area, and the range of the peripheral area is defined by arranging a shielding layer so as to shield some peripheral leads and elements correspondingly positioned in the peripheral area in the electronic device.

For example, the peripheral leads of the touch panel of the electronic device are disposed in the peripheral area correspondingly, so as to avoid visual influence on the visual effect. In addition, the electronic device is also generally provided with optical elements, such as front lenses, photo sensors, etc., which are also disposed in the peripheral area and occupy more area of the peripheral area. Therefore, the size of the peripheral area cannot be reduced, and the narrow frame design requirement of the electronic device cannot be met. Further, since the arrangement of the optical element has a problem of mechanism interference, the circuit layout of the touch panel will be affected. Therefore, it is one of the current development directions to provide a touch panel that can maintain the touch sensing function while meeting the narrow bezel requirements of the electronic device.

Disclosure of Invention

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a touch sensor has a visible region and a peripheral region disposed on at least one side of the visible region, and includes a substrate and a first touch electrode layer. The substrate is provided with a hole site area which is correspondingly positioned in the visible area, and the hole site area is provided with a first edge. The first touch electrode layer is arranged on the substrate and is correspondingly positioned in the visible area. The first touch electrode layer comprises a first electrode wire extending along a first direction, the first electrode wire is provided with a first part close to the hole site area and a second part far away from the hole site area in the first direction, the first part of the first electrode wire is connected with the second part of the first electrode wire, and the first part of the first electrode wire is adjacently arranged at the first edge along the outline of the hole site area.

In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer includes a matrix and metal nanostructures distributed in the matrix.

In some embodiments, the hole site region further has a second edge, and the portion of the second edge and the portion of the first edge are on opposite sides of the hole site region.

In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer further includes a second electrode line extending along the first direction, the second electrode line being adjacent to and spaced apart from the first electrode line and having a first portion adjacent to the hole site region and a second portion remote from the hole site region in the first direction, wherein the first portion of the second electrode line is connected to the second portion of the second electrode line, and the first portion of the second electrode line is adjacent to the second edge along the outline of the hole site region.

In some embodiments, a distance between the first portion of the first electrode line and the first portion of the second electrode line is greater than a distance between the second portion of the first electrode line and the second portion of the second electrode line.

In some embodiments, at least a portion of the first electrode line is separated from at least a portion of the first portion of the second electrode line by a hole site interval.

In some embodiments, the second portion of the first electrode line is substantially parallel to the second portion of the second electrode line.

In some embodiments, the first portion of the first electrode line is between 100 microns and 400 microns from the first edge of the hole site region and the first portion of the second electrode line is between 100 microns and 400 microns from the second edge of the hole site region.

In some embodiments, the connection of the first portion of the first electrode wire and the second portion of the first electrode wire has rounded corners and the connection of the first portion of the second electrode wire and the second portion of the second electrode wire has rounded corners.

In some embodiments, the first electrode line includes a plurality of branch lines arranged at intervals, and the branch lines are connected in parallel.

In some embodiments, the plurality of legs are joined together to abut the first edge of the hole region along the contour of the hole region if the plurality of legs simultaneously encounter the hole region interference in the first direction.

In some embodiments, the first electrode line of the first touch electrode layer further has a third portion, the second portion and the third portion of the first electrode line form two branch lines of the first electrode line, and the third portion is connected to the first portion of the first electrode line, so that the first portion of the first electrode line is a portion forming a plurality of branch lines into one.

In some embodiments, the touch sensor further includes a second touch electrode layer, and the substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, wherein the first touch electrode layer and the second touch electrode layer are respectively disposed on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate, or the first touch electrode layer and the second touch electrode layer are disposed on a side of the first surface or the second surface of the substrate, and are electrically insulated by an insulating layer.

In some embodiments, the second touch electrode layer includes a fifth electrode line extending along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, and the fifth electrode line having a first portion near the hole site region and a second portion far from the hole site region in the second direction, wherein the first portion of the fifth electrode line connects the second portion of the fifth electrode line, and the first portion of the fifth electrode line is located adjacent to an edge of the hole site region along a contour of the hole site region.

According to other embodiments of the present disclosure, the touch display module includes a display panel and the touch sensor is disposed on the display panel.

In some embodiments, the touch display module further includes a cover plate disposed on the touch sensor.

In some embodiments, the touch display module further includes a polarizing layer disposed between the display panel and the touch sensor or between the touch sensor and the cover plate.

In some embodiments, the display panel is provided with holes corresponding to the hole sites.

In some embodiments, the touch display module further includes an optical component accommodated in the hole.

According to the above embodiments of the disclosure, since the touch sensor of the disclosure has a hole region corresponding to the visible region, when the touch sensor is integrated into the touch display module with optical function, the optical component (e.g. lens) of the touch display module can be disposed corresponding to the hole region. Therefore, the space for arranging the optical component in the peripheral area can be saved, and the requirement of the narrow frame design of the touch display module can be further met. In addition, because the optical components of the touch display module are correspondingly arranged in the visible area, the peripheral circuit of the touch sensor in the peripheral area is not required to avoid the optical components, and the bending of the peripheral area is not limited by the optical components, so that the touch sensor can realize more diversified bending designs. On the other hand, by the layout of the touch electrodes in the touch electrode layer and the design of the electrode patterns, the touch electrodes can still maintain the touch function well while bypassing the hole site area.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent from the following description of the drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a touch sensor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial enlarged view of a region R1 of the touch sensor of FIG. 1 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 2B and 2C are partial enlarged views of a region R1 of the touch sensor of fig. 1 according to other embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a touch sensor according to other embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a partial enlarged view of a region R2 of the touch sensor of FIG. 3 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a touch display module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and

Fig. 5B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a touch display module according to other embodiments of the disclosure.

[ Symbolic description ]

100,100A touch sensor

110 Substrate

120 First touch sensing layer

122 A second touch sensing layer

130 Peripheral circuit layer

200,200A touch display module

210 Display panel

220 Cover plate

230 Polarizing layer

240 Protective layer

VA visual zone

Peripheral area PA

R1, R2 region

L electrode wire

L1 first electrode wire

L2:

L3 third electrode line

L4 fourth electrode wire

L5 fifth electrode wire

L6 sixth electrode wire

L11, L21, L31, L51, L61: first part

L12, L22, L32, L52, L62: second part

L13, L23, L53 third part

H is hole site region

W is width

S1 first edge

S2 second edge

S3 third edge

Bend part B

X1, X2 line length

A1 to A4, A7 to A9, distance

O1-O3 holes

D1 first direction

D2, second direction

Detailed Description

Various embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed in the accompanying drawings, and for purposes of explanation, numerous practical details are set forth in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details are not to be used to limit the present disclosure. That is, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, these practical details are not necessary and therefore should not be used to limit the present disclosure. Furthermore, for the purpose of simplifying the drawings, some known and conventional structures and elements are shown in the drawings in a simplified schematic manner. In addition, the dimensions of the various elements in the drawings are not drawn to scale for the convenience of the reader.

It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a "first element," "component," "region," "layer" or "section" discussed below could also be termed a second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings herein.

It will be appreciated that relative terms such as "lower" or "bottom" and "upper" or "top" may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as being on the "lower" side of other elements would then be oriented on the "upper" side of the other elements. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" may include both "lower" and "upper" orientations, depending on the particular orientation of the figure. Similarly, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as "under" or "beneath" other elements would then be oriented "over" the other elements. Thus, the exemplary terms "under" or "beneath" can encompass both an orientation of above and below.

The disclosure provides a touch sensor with a hole site area located in a visual area and a touch display module integrated with the touch sensor. When the touch sensor is integrated into the touch display module, the optical component of the touch display module may be disposed corresponding to the hole location. Therefore, the space for arranging the optical component in the peripheral area can be saved, and the requirement of narrow frame design of the touch display module is further met. In addition, through the layout of the touch electrodes in the touch electrode layer and the design of the electrode patterns, the touch electrodes can still well maintain the touch function while bypassing the hole site area.

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a touch sensor 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The touch sensor 100 includes a substrate 110, a first touch electrode layer 120, and a peripheral circuit layer 130. The touch sensor 100 has a visual area VA and a peripheral area PA, and the peripheral area PA is disposed at a side of the visual area VA. For example, the peripheral area PA may be a frame-shaped area disposed around (covering right, left, upper and lower sides of) the visual area VA. For example, the peripheral area PA may be an L-shaped area disposed at the left and lower sides of the viewing area VA. In some embodiments, the substrate 110 is configured to carry the first touch electrode layer 120 and the peripheral circuit layer 130, and may be, for example, a hard transparent substrate or a flexible transparent substrate. Specifically, the material of the substrate 110 may include, for example, but not limited to, a transparent material such as glass, acryl, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, cyclic olefin polymer, cyclic olefin copolymer, colorless polyimide, or a combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the substrate 110 is provided with a hole site region H corresponding to the visible region VA. When the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure is integrated into a device (e.g., a display, a portable phone, or a tablet computer) having an optical function, the optical components of the device can be mounted at a position corresponding to the hole site H, that is, a space for disposing the optical components is not required to be reserved at a position corresponding to the peripheral area PA of the device, so as to meet the requirement of a narrow bezel design of the device. The disclosed device may reduce the bezel size (e.g., the width of the peripheral area PA) by about 150% or more compared to conventional devices having optical components disposed correspondingly to the peripheral area PA. In detail, when the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure is integrated into a device having an optical function, the width of the peripheral area PA of the device may be designed to be about 1 to 3 mm. It should be appreciated that the hole site region H of the substrate 110 of the present disclosure may be a solid region disposed corresponding to the optical component, or may be a through hole disposed corresponding to the optical component. Specific details and features relating to the hole site region H will be described in more detail below.

In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer 120 is disposed on the substrate 110 and located in the visible area VA correspondingly, and the peripheral circuit layer 130 is disposed on the substrate 110 and located in the peripheral area PA correspondingly. In some embodiments, the patterned first touch electrode layer 120 may include a plurality of elongated electrode lines L extending along the first direction D1, and the plurality of elongated electrode lines L may be arranged at intervals along the second direction D2, wherein the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are perpendicular to each other. In addition, the first touch electrode layer 120 may further extend to the peripheral area PA, and contact with the peripheral circuit layer 130 to form an electrical connection.

In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer 120 may include a substrate and a plurality of metal nanowires (may also be referred to as metal nanostructures) distributed in the substrate. In some embodiments, the matrix may include a polymer or a mixture thereof, thereby imparting specific chemical, mechanical, and optical properties to the metal nanowires. For example, the matrix may provide good adhesion between the metal nanowires and the substrate 110. As yet another example, the matrix may provide good mechanical strength to the metal nanowires. In some embodiments, the matrix may include a specific polymer to provide the metal nanowires with additional scratch and abrasion resistant surface protection, thereby enhancing the surface strength of the first touch electrode layer 120. The specific polymer may be, for example, a polyacrylate, polyurethane, epoxy, poly (silicon-acrylic), polysilicone, polysilane, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the matrix may further include a cross-linking agent, a polymerization inhibitor, a stabilizer (including, for example, but not limited to, an antioxidant or an ultraviolet light stabilizer), a surfactant, or a combination of any of the foregoing, thereby enhancing the ultraviolet resistance and extending the useful life of the first touch electrode layer 120.

It should be understood that "metal nanowire" as used herein is a collective term that refers to a collection of metal wires comprising a plurality of metal elements, metal alloys, or metal compounds (including metal oxides), and the number of metal nanowires contained therein does not affect the scope of protection claimed by the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional dimension (e.g., the diameter of the cross-section) of a single metal nanowire may be less than 500nm, preferably may be less than 100nm, and more preferably may be less than 50nm. In some embodiments, the metal nanowires have a large aspect ratio (i.e., length: diameter of the cross section). In particular, the aspect ratio of the metal nanowires may be between 10 and 100000. In more detail, the aspect ratio of the metal nanowire may be greater than 10, preferably may be greater than 50, and more preferably may be greater than 100. In addition, other terms such as silk, fiber, tube, etc. having the cross-sectional dimensions and aspect ratios described above are also within the scope of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2A is a partially enlarged schematic view of a region R1 of the touch sensor 100 of fig. 1 according to some embodiments of the disclosure. Please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2A at the same time. In some embodiments, each electrode line L may extend from the upper boundary of the viewing area VA to the lower boundary of the viewing area VA along the first direction D1, and may be arranged at intervals along the second direction D2 corresponding to the viewing area VA. In some embodiments, the line width of each electrode line L may be between 1 micron and 200 microns, and the distance (i.e., line pitch) between adjacent electrode lines L may be between 10 microns and 400 microns, so as to have a lower line resistance and higher light transmittance. As described above, since the substrate 110 of the touch sensor 100 has the hole site region H corresponding to the view region VA, the electrode line L adjacent to the hole site region H can be configured to have good compatibility with the hole site region H. In more detail, the electrode line L adjacent to the hole site region H may be specially configured to avoid shielding the hole site region H, and may also be specially configured to maintain a line resistance value required for design. The specific arrangement of the electrode lines L and the correlation between this arrangement and the above effects will be described in more detail below.

In some embodiments, as configured in fig. 2A, the first touch electrode layer 120 includes a first electrode line L1 adjacent to the hole site region H. In some embodiments, the first electrode line L1 has a first portion L11 closer to the hole site region H and a second portion L12 farther from the hole site region H in the first direction D1, and the first portion L11 and the second portion L12 are connected to each other. In more detail, the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 is directly adjacent to the first edge S1 of the hole site region H, and is adjacent to the first edge S1 of the hole site region H along the outline of the hole site region H, while the second portion L12 of the first electrode line L1 is not directly adjacent to the first edge S1 of the hole site region H, and is substantially in a straight line shape. It should be noted that, as used herein, the term "two elements (or two portions) are directly adjacent to each other" means that there are no other elements (or other portions) between the two elements (or two portions). In some embodiments, the first electrode line L1 may have two second portions L12 respectively connecting both ends of the first portion L11 in the first direction D1, and the two second portions L12 are substantially aligned with each other in the first direction D1.

In some embodiments, the first electrode line L1 includes a plurality of branch lines disposed at intervals, and the branch lines are connected in parallel. Specifically, the first electrode line L1 further has a third portion L13, and the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 form two branches of the first electrode line L1, that is, the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 are disposed in parallel and spaced apart and connected in parallel (i.e., the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 are connected to the same peripheral line). On the other hand, when the branch lines simultaneously encounter the interference of the hole site region H in the first direction D1, the branch lines are combined to be adjacent to the first edge S1 of the hole site region H along the outline of the hole site region H. Specifically, the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 is connected to the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1, such that when the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 simultaneously encounter the hole site region H to interfere, the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1 may be combined into the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 to be adjacent to the first edge S1 of the hole site region H along the outline of the hole site region H, that is, the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 is a portion that constitutes these branch lines (i.e., the second portion L12 and the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1) as a whole. In some embodiments, the first electrode line L1 may have two third portions L13 respectively connecting both ends of the first portion L11 in the first direction D1, and the two third portions L13 are substantially aligned with each other in the first direction D1.

In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer 120 further includes a second electrode line L2 adjacent to the hole site region H. The second electrode line L2 also has a first portion L21 closer to the hole site region H and a second portion L22 farther from the hole site region H in the first direction D1, and the first portion L21 and the second portion L22 are connected to each other. In some embodiments, the hole site region H further has a second edge S2, and a portion of the second edge S2 and a portion of the first edge S1 are located on opposite sides of the hole site region H, wherein a first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 is directly adjacent to the second edge S2 of the hole site region H and follows the outline of the hole site region H to be adjacent to the second edge S2 of the hole site region H, and a second portion L22 of the second electrode line L2 is not directly adjacent to the second edge S2 of the hole site region H and is substantially in a straight line shape. In other words, at least a portion of the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 is spaced apart from at least a portion of the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 by the hole site region H. In some embodiments, the second portion L22 of the second electrode line L2 is substantially parallel to the second portion L12 of the first electrode line L1 (e.g., extends in the first direction D1 to be parallel to each other). Based on the above, the second electrode line L2 and the first electrode line L1 can be disposed around the hole site region H, so as to avoid shielding the hole site region H and the optical component disposed corresponding to the hole site region H.

In some embodiments, the second electrode line L2 includes a plurality of branch lines disposed at intervals, and the branch lines are connected in parallel. Specifically, the second electrode line L2 further has a third portion L23, wherein the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 is connected to the second portion L22 to form one branch line of the second electrode line L2, and the third portion L23 is another branch line of the second electrode line L2, and the two branch lines are disposed at intervals. It should be noted that, since the two branch lines of the second electrode line L2 do not simultaneously encounter the interference of the hole site H when extending in the first direction D1, the two branch lines of the second electrode line L2 do not need to be designed in a combined manner.

In some embodiments, the maximum width W of the hole site region H in the second direction D2 is greater than the distance A2 between the second portion L12 of the first electrode line L1 and the second portion L22 of the second electrode line L2. Therefore, when the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 are disposed around the hole region H, the distance A1 between the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 is greater than the distance A2 between the second portion L12 of the first electrode line L1 and the second portion L22 of the second electrode line L2. In the embodiment of fig. 2A, since the hole site region H has a circular shape, the maximum width W of the hole site region H is the diameter of the circle.

In some embodiments, a third edge S3 is further disposed between the first edge S1 and the second edge S2 of the hole site region H, and the first edge S1, the second edge S2 and the third edge S3 can be connected to each other to jointly surround the hole site region H with a closed shape. In some embodiments, the third edge S3 of the hole site H may be exposed from the space between the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2. In more detail, the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 are not adjacent to the third edge S3 of the hole site region H along the outline of the hole site region H. In other words, the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 are disposed adjacent to a portion of the edge of the hole site region H only along the outline of the hole site region H. In some embodiments, the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 may have different line lengths. For example, the line length X1 of the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 may be greater than the line length X2 of the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2, and in this case, the length of the first edge S1 is greater than the length of the second edge S2 (as in the embodiment of fig. 2A).

In some embodiments, the connection between the first portion L11 and the second portion L12 of the first electrode line L1 may have rounded corners, and the connection between the first portion L21 and the second portion L22 of the second electrode line L2 may also have rounded corners. Through the design of the round corners, the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 can be prevented from excessively releasing heat at the connecting position (namely, near the hole site region H) due to current aggregation, so that the occurrence of thermal effect is reduced, and the normal touch sensing function is maintained. In some embodiments, the distance A3 between the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first edge S1 of the hole site region H is between 100 microns and 400 microns, and the distance A4 between the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 and the second edge S1 of the hole site region H is between 100 microns and 400 microns. The distance can enable the touch sensor 100 to have touch resolution, reliability and production yield. In detail, when the distance is less than 100 μm, the difficulty in patterning the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 may be increased, resulting in a reduced production yield, or the reliability test may not be passed due to the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 being too close to the hole site region H, or the arrangement of the electrode lines L near the hole site region H may be too sparse to provide a touch function when the distance is greater than 400 μm, thereby reducing the touch resolution.

In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer 120 may further include a third electrode line L3 directly adjacent to the first electrode line L1 at a side of the first electrode line L1 opposite to the second electrode line L2. The third electrode line L3 has a first portion L31 and a second portion L32 connected to each other, wherein the first portion L31 of the third electrode line L3 is adjacent to the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1, and the second portion L32 of the third electrode line L3 is adjacent to the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1. In some embodiments, the first portion L31 of the third electrode line L3 extends substantially along the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1, and the second portion L32 of the third electrode line L3 may be substantially parallel to the third portion L13 of the first electrode line L1. Compared with the first electrode line L1, the third electrode line L3 is far away from the hole site region H, and does not interfere with the hole site region H when extending in the first direction D1, so that the third electrode line L3 is configured to extend in a homeotropic manner at a distance required for touch sensing with the first electrode line L1. The bending amplitude of the first portion L31 of the third electrode line L3 is smaller than the bending amplitude of the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 (i.e., a shape closer to a straight line). On the other hand, the connection between the first portion L31 and the second portion L32 of the third electrode line L3 may have rounded corners, so as to avoid excessive heat release of the third electrode line L3 due to current collection at the connection, thereby reducing occurrence of thermal effects.

In some embodiments, the first touch electrode layer 120 further includes a fourth electrode line L4 directly adjacent to the second electrode line L2 at a side of the second electrode line L2 opposite to the first electrode line L1. Since the fourth electrode line L4 does not interfere with the hole region H when extending in the first direction D1, and can maintain a distance required for touch sensing with (the third portion L23 of) the second electrode line L2, the fourth electrode line L4 maintains a straight line extending along the first direction D1.

It should be understood that, in addition to the above-mentioned plurality of electrode lines L (i.e., the first electrode line L1 to the fourth electrode line L4) adjacent to the hole site H, the other plurality of electrode lines L of the first touch electrode layer 120 further away from the hole site H may be arranged at intervals along the second direction D2 on a side of the third electrode line L3 facing away from the hole site H and a side of the fourth electrode line L4 facing away from the hole site H, respectively, and each electrode line L has a substantially straight line shape.

It should be noted that, although the first electrode line L1 in the present embodiment adopts a design with two branches combined together, the line resistance of the first electrode line L1 is higher than that of the other electrode lines (e.g., the second electrode line L2) that do not adopt a design with two branches combined together, but the first touch electrode layer 120 can maintain the line resistance of each electrode line L of the first touch electrode layer 120 near the lower limit of the detectable range of a controller by adopting the conductive layer of the metal nanowire layer with a lower surface resistance specification, so that the first electrode line L1 can still maintain the detectable range of the controller even if the two branches combined together have a higher line resistance.

Fig. 2B and 2C are partial enlarged views of a region R1 of the touch sensor 100 of fig. 1 according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the touch sensor 100 of fig. 2B and 2C and the touch sensor 100 of fig. 2A have substantially the same element configuration, connection relationship, materials and functions, and thus will not be described in detail herein. In addition, for the sake of simplifying the drawing, fig. 2B and 2C omit part of the electrode lines L, leaving only the first electrode line L1 and part of the second electrode line L2 closest to the hole site region H.

Referring to fig. 2B, at least one difference between the touch sensor 100 shown in fig. 2B and the touch sensor 100 shown in fig. 2A is the shape of the hole region H. Specifically, the hole site region H in the touch sensor 100 of fig. 2B has a rectangular (square) shape. In the present embodiment, the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 are respectively adjacent to the first edge S1 and the second edge S2 of the hole site region H along the outline of the hole site region H, so as to form a rectangular-like shape. In the present embodiment, the hole site H has a rectangular shape, and thus the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 each have one or more bent portions B. In some embodiments, the bending portion B may have rounded corners, so as to avoid excessive heat release of the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 at the bending portion B due to current collection, thereby reducing occurrence of thermal effect and maintaining normal touch sensing function.

Referring to fig. 2C, at least one difference between the touch sensor 100 shown in fig. 2A and the touch sensor 100 is also the shape of the hole region H. Specifically, the hole site H in the touch sensor 100 of fig. 2C has a pill-type shape. In more detail, the pill form includes a rectangle and two semicircles, and the two semicircles sandwich the rectangle therebetween. In the present embodiment, the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 are respectively adjacent to the first edge S1 and the second edge S2 of the hole site region H along the outline of the hole site region H, so as to form a pill-like shape. Since the hole site H has a pill-shaped shape in the present embodiment, the first portion L11 of the first electrode line L1 and the first portion L21 of the second electrode line L2 are rounded curves (i.e., have no corners). In this way, excessive heat release of the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 due to current aggregation can be avoided, so as to reduce occurrence of thermal effect and maintain normal touch sensing function.

It should be understood that the shapes of the hole site regions H illustrated in fig. 2A to 2C are merely exemplary embodiments, and should not be used to limit the present disclosure. In other embodiments, the hole region H may have other suitable shapes (e.g. elliptical or polygonal, etc.), and each electrode line L may be arranged with the shape of the hole region H as appropriate. In the following description, touch sensors according to other embodiments of the present disclosure will be described.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a touch sensor 100a according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a region R2 of the touch sensor 100a of fig. 3 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Please refer to fig. 3 and fig. 4 at the same time. In the embodiment of fig. 3 and 4, the touch sensor 100a further includes a second touch electrode layer 122, and the first touch electrode layer 120 and the second touch electrode layer 122 are configured with a double-sided single-layer electrode structure. More specifically, the first touch electrode layer 120 is disposed on a first surface (e.g., an upper surface) of the substrate 110, and the second touch electrode layer 122 is disposed on a second surface (e.g., a lower surface) of the substrate 110, so that the first touch electrode layer 120 and the second touch electrode layer 122 are electrically insulated from each other. In some embodiments, the second touch electrode layer 122 also has an electrode pattern formed by arranging a plurality of electrode lines L, and the metal nanowires and the matrix are all present in each electrode line L of the second touch electrode layer 122. In some embodiments, each electrode line L of the second touch electrode layer 122 may extend from the left boundary of the view area VA to the right boundary of the view area VA along the second direction D2, and be arranged at intervals along the first direction D1 corresponding to the view area VA. In other words, the electrode lines L of the first touch electrode layer 120 and the electrode lines L of the second touch electrode layer 122 extend in different directions and are vertically staggered. In this way, the touch sensing can be performed by detecting a signal change (e.g., a capacitance change) between the first touch electrode layer 120 and the second touch electrode layer 122.

In some embodiments, the second touch electrode layer 122 includes a fifth electrode line L5 and a sixth electrode line L6 adjacent to opposite sides of the hole site region H, and the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 each have a first portion L51, L61 closer to the hole site region H and a second portion L52, L62 farther from the hole site region H in the second direction D2. The first and second portions L51 and L52 of the fifth electrode line L5 are connected to each other, and the first and second portions L61 and L62 of the sixth electrode line L6 are also connected to each other. Since the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 of the second touch electrode layer 122 extend along the second direction D2, the first portions L51 and L61 of the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 are adjacent to the third edge S3 and part of the first edge S1 and the second edge S2 of the hole site region H along the outline of the hole site region H. It should be understood that the difference between the second touch electrode layer 122 and the first touch electrode layer 120 is only in the extending direction and the arrangement direction, and the device configuration and the connection relationship, the material and the efficacy of the two are substantially the same, so that the description thereof is omitted. For example, the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 of the second touch electrode layer 122 have the same device configuration and connection relationship, materials and effects as the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 of the first touch electrode layer 120, respectively.

On the other hand, to meet the requirement of capacitive sensing, the first touch electrode layer 120 and the second touch electrode layer 122 are partially staggered (i.e. not fully overlapped) in the extending direction perpendicular to the substrate 110. In view of the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 of the first touch electrode layer 120 and the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 of the second touch electrode layer 122, the second portions L12 and L22 of the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 partially overlap the first portions L51 and L61 of the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6, and the first portions L11 and L21 of the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 are completely offset from the first portions L51 and L61 of the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6. In some embodiments, the distance A8 between the first portions L51, L61 of the fifth electrode line L5 and the sixth electrode line L6 and the edge of the hole site area H may be greater than the distance A7 between the first portions L11, L21 of the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 and the edge of the hole site area H.

It should be noted that, although not shown in the drawings, the touch sensor 100a with the double-sided single-layer electrode structure of fig. 3 may also have rectangular and pill-shaped hole sites H as shown in fig. 2B and 2C. On the other hand, the touch sensor 100a of the present disclosure may also adopt a single-sided double-layer electrode structure. Specifically, the first touch electrode layer 120 and the second touch electrode layer 122 are disposed on the first surface or the second surface of the substrate 110, and are electrically insulated by an insulating layer. It should be understood that the connection relationships, materials and functions of the elements described above will not be repeated, and will be described in detail. In the following description, the touch sensor 100 illustrated in fig. 1 and 2A will be taken as an example, and a method for manufacturing the touch sensor 100 will be further described.

In some embodiments, the manufacturing method of the touch sensor 100 includes steps S10 to S14, and the steps S10 to S14 may be sequentially performed. In step S10, a substrate 110 is provided, wherein the substrate 110 has a first area and a second area corresponding to the visible area VA and the peripheral area PA, respectively, and the first area of the substrate 110 is provided with a hole site area H. In step S12, a conductive layer is formed on the first region of the substrate 110. In step S14, the conductive layer is patterned to form the first touch electrode layer 120, such that the first touch electrode layer 120 has the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2, and a portion of the first electrode line L1 and a portion of the second electrode line L2 are adjacent to the edge of the hole site region H along the outline of the hole site region H. In the following description, the above steps will be described in more detail.

First, in step S10, a substrate 110 is provided, wherein the substrate 110 has a first area and a second area corresponding to the visual area VA and the peripheral area PA, respectively, and the first area of the substrate 110 is provided with a hole site area H. In some embodiments, the edge of the hole site region H is at least a distance A9 above 100 microns from the boundary of the first region and the second region. In this way, a certain distance between the hole site region H and the boundary can be ensured, so as to provide a space for arranging at least one electrode line L sufficient for touch sensing, and maintain the touch resolution. In detail, when the distance A9 is smaller than 100 μm, the conductive layer between the hole site region H and the boundary may be insufficient or difficult to pattern, thereby affecting the integrity of the electrode pattern near the hole site region H and reducing the touch resolution.

Next, in step S12, a conductive layer (e.g., a nano silver wire layer, a nano gold wire layer, a nano copper wire layer, or a nano nickel wire layer) containing at least metal nanowires is coated on the first region of the substrate 110. In some embodiments, the dispersion or slurry having the metal nanowires may be formed on the substrate 110 in a coating manner, and cured/dried to adhere the metal nanowires to the surface of the substrate 110, thereby forming a conductive layer disposed at the first region of the substrate 110. After the above-mentioned curing/drying step, the solvent and other substances in the dispersion or slurry volatilize, and the metal nanowires can be randomly distributed on the surface of the substrate 110, or preferably, the metal nanowires can be fixed on the surface of the substrate 110 without falling off, so as to form a conductive layer, and the metal nanowires in the conductive layer can contact with each other to provide a continuous current path, so as to form a conductive network. In other words, the metal nanowires are in contact with each other at crossing positions to form paths for transferring electrons.

In some embodiments, the dispersion or slurry includes a solvent, thereby uniformly dispersing the metal nanowires therein. Specifically, the solvent is, for example, water, alcohols, ketones, ethers, hydrocarbons, aromatic solvents (benzene, toluene, xylene, or the like), or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the dispersion may further include additives, surfactants, and/or binders, thereby improving the compatibility between the metal nanowires and the solvent and the stability of the metal nanowires in the solvent. Specifically, the additive, surfactant, and/or binder may be, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hypromellose, sulfosuccinate sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, fluorosurfactant, disulfonate, or a combination thereof. The dispersion or slurry containing the metal nanowires may be formed on the surface of the substrate 110 in any manner, such as, but not limited to, screen printing, spray coating, or roller coating. In some embodiments, a roll-to-roll (roll-to-roll) process may be used to apply a dispersion or slurry comprising metal nanowires to the surface of a continuously supplied substrate 110.

In some embodiments, the metal nanowires may be further post-treated to improve the contact characteristics (e.g., to improve the contact area) of the metal nanowires at the crossing points, thereby improving their conductivity. The post-treatment may include, but is not limited to, heating, plasma, corona discharge, ultraviolet light, ozone, or pressure. Specifically, after curing/drying to form the conductive layer, rollers may be used to apply pressure thereto. In some embodiments, one or more rollers may be used to apply pressure to the conductive layer. In some embodiments, the applied pressure may be between 50psi and 3400psi, preferably between 100psi and 1000psi, 200psi and 800psi, or 300psi and 500 psi. In some embodiments, the post-treatment of the heating and pressurizing steps may be performed on the metal nanowires simultaneously. For example, 10psi to 500psi (or preferably 40psi to 100 psi) may be applied through the roller while simultaneously heating the roller to 70 ℃ to 200 ℃ (or preferably 100 ℃ to 175 ℃) to increase the conductivity of the metal nanowires. In some embodiments, the metal nanowires may also be exposed to a reducing agent for post-treatment, e.g., metal nanowires composed of nano-silver wires may preferably be exposed to a silver reducing agent for post-treatment. In some embodiments, the silver reducing agent may include a borohydride such as sodium borohydride, a boron nitrogen compound such as dimethylaminoborane, or a gaseous reducing agent such as hydrogen. In some embodiments, the exposure time may be between 10 seconds and 30 minutes, preferably between 1 minute and 10 minutes.

Subsequently, in step S14, a patterning step is performed to define a pattern on the conductive layer, so as to form a first touch electrode layer 120 located in the first area of the substrate 110. In some embodiments, the conductive layer adjacent to the hole site region H may be patterned to extend into the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 on both sides of the hole site region H, and a portion of the first electrode line L1 and a portion of the second electrode line L2 are adjacent to the edge of the hole site region H along the outline of the hole site region H. In other words, when patterning of the conductive layer encounters interference (or blocking) of the hole site region H, the patterning of the conductive layer is performed along the outline of the edge of the hole site region H. In some embodiments, the conductive layer farther from the hole site H may be patterned to form the third electrode line L3, the fourth electrode line L4, and the electrode lines L having a substantially linear shape as described above. The details of each electrode line L can be referred to the above, and will not be described herein. In some embodiments, the patterning of the conductive layer may be performed by etching. When the metal nanowires in the conductive layer are silver nanowires, the etching solution may be selected to etch silver, for example, the main components of the etching solution may be H ₃PO₄ (in a ratio of about 55% to about 70%) and HNO ₃ (in a ratio of about 5% to about 15%), so as to remove silver metal material in the same process. In other embodiments, the main component of the etching solution may be ferric chloride/nitric acid or phosphoric acid/hydrogen peroxide, etc.

After step S14, step S16 may be optionally performed according to practical requirements, so that the hole region H of the substrate 110 is formed into a through hole. In some embodiments, the through holes may be formed, for example, by stamping. After the above steps, the touch sensor 100 shown in fig. 1 is formed, wherein the hole region H may be a solid region or a through hole.

In some alternative embodiments, different process sequences may be used to manufacture the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure, so as to manufacture the touch sensor 100 with the hole region H of the substrate 110 as a through hole. In detail, in the present embodiment, the manufacturing method of the touch sensor 100 includes steps S20 to S26, and the steps S20 to S26 may be sequentially performed. In step S20, a substrate 110 is provided, wherein the substrate 110 has a first area and a second area corresponding to the visible area VA and the peripheral area PA, respectively, and the first area of the substrate 110 is provided with a hole site area H. In step S22, a conductive layer is formed on the first region of the substrate 110. In step S24, the hole site H is formed into a through hole, and a hole corresponding to the through hole is formed in the conductive layer. In step S26, the conductive layer is patterned to form the first touch electrode layer 120, such that the first touch electrode layer 120 has the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2, and a portion of the first electrode line L1 and a portion of the second electrode line L2 are adjacent to the edge of the through hole along the outline of the through hole. In the following description, only the steps after adjustment will be described, and the rest of omitted parts can be referred to the description of the foregoing embodiments.

In step S22 to step S24, the conductive layer is formed in the first region of the substrate 110, and then the through hole is formed in the substrate 110, so that the hole is formed at the position of the conductive layer corresponding to the through hole when the through hole is formed. In other words, the through hole of the substrate 110 and the hole of the conductive layer are formed in the same process. In some embodiments, the through holes of the substrate 110 and the holes of the conductive layer may be formed by stamping, for example. On the other hand, in step S26, the hole may be enlarged during patterning of the conductive layer so that a certain distance exists between the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2 formed by patterning and the through hole of the substrate 110. After the above steps, the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure may be formed as well, and the specific structure is as described above, and will not be repeated here.

In other alternative embodiments, different process sequences may be used to fabricate the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure. Specifically, the aforementioned step S22 and step S24 may be interchanged. In detail, in the present embodiment, the manufacturing method of the touch sensor 100 includes steps S30 to S36, and the steps S30 to S36 may be sequentially performed. In step S30, a substrate 110 is provided, wherein the substrate 110 has a first area and a second area corresponding to the visible area VA and the peripheral area PA, respectively, and the first area of the substrate 110 is provided with a hole site area H. In step S32, the hole site region H is formed as a through hole. In step S34, a conductive layer is formed on the first region of the substrate 110. In step S36, the conductive layer is patterned to form the first touch electrode layer 120, such that the first touch electrode layer 120 has the first electrode line L1 and the second electrode line L2, and a portion of the first electrode line L1 and a portion of the second electrode line L2 are adjacent to the edge of the through hole along the outline of the through hole. In the following description, only the steps after adjustment will be described, and the rest of omitted parts can be referred to the description of the foregoing embodiments.

Since the through holes are formed in the substrate 110 in the steps S32 to S34, and then the conductive layer is formed in the first region of the substrate 110, no additional holes are required to be formed in the conductive layer. In addition, the position of the through hole can be selectively avoided when the conductive layer is formed. After the above steps, the touch sensor 100 of the present disclosure may be formed as well. The manufacturing method of the touch sensor 100 provided by the present disclosure can enable the touch sensor 100 to have a certain yield, so that the process sequence can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual requirement, thereby improving the process convenience.

Fig. 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a touch display module 200 according to some embodiments of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the touch sensor (for example, the touch sensor 100a of fig. 3) may be integrated into the touch display module 200, such as a display, a portable phone, a tablet computer, etc., so that the touch display module 200 may have the above-mentioned effects. In some embodiments, the touch display module 200 has a display panel 210 and a touch sensor 100a, and the touch sensor 100a is disposed on the display panel 210. In some embodiments, the display panel 210 may be, for example, an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) panel. In some embodiments, the display panel 210 may have flexibility to achieve the bending requirement of the touch display module 200 together with the touch sensor 100 a.

In some embodiments, the touch display module 200 further includes a cover 220. The cover 220 sandwiches the touch sensor 100a with the display panel 210 in common. In the overall stacked structure, the touch sensor 100a and the cover 220 are sequentially stacked on the display panel 210. In some embodiments, the cover 220 may include a flexible material having flexibility, which means a material having both a certain strength and a certain flexibility in industry, for example, including polyimide, polyethersulfone, polyester, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polybutene, polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, acryl, or a combination thereof. Therefore, the cover 220 and the touch sensor 100a can jointly achieve the bending requirement of the touch display module 200.

In some embodiments, the touch display module 200 further includes a polarizing layer 230, which may be, for example, a liquid crystal coated polarizing layer. In some embodiments, the polarizing layer 230 may be disposed between the display panel 210 and the touch sensor 100 a. For example, the polarizing layer 230 may be directly formed on the surface of the display panel 210, i.e., the polarizing layer 230 is formed by using a structural layer (not shown) of the display panel 210 as a substrate. In some embodiments, the polarizing layer 230 may have flexibility to achieve the bending requirement of the touch display module 200 together with the touch sensor 100 a.

In some embodiments, the touch display module 200 further includes a protective layer 240. The protection layer 240 may cover the touch sensor 100a entirely, that is, the protection layer 240 covers the first touch electrode layer 120 and the peripheral circuit layer 130 of the touch sensor 100a and fills between adjacent electrode lines L and adjacent peripheral circuits to provide an electrical insulation effect. In some embodiments, the protective layer 240 may be a hard coating including an insulating material such as, but not limited to, a non-conductive resin or other organic material. In some embodiments, the protection layer 240 has flexibility to achieve the bending requirement of the touch display module 200 together with the touch sensor 100 a. In addition, an adhesive layer such as an optically transparent adhesive can be selectively arranged between the layers to facilitate the bonding between the layers.

For each of the above layers, the display panel 210, the polarizing layer 230 and the protective layer 240 may be respectively provided with holes O1 to O3 corresponding to the hole site region H of the touch sensor 100a, so that the optical components may be disposed corresponding to the hole site region H and the holes O1 to O3 at the same time. For example, the optical component may be disposed on a surface of the display panel 210 facing away from the touch sensor 100a and disposed corresponding to the hole site H and the holes O1 to O3. In this way, the touch display module 200 having the optical component corresponding to the visual area VA can be formed, so as to achieve the requirement of narrow frame design of the touch display module 200. In some embodiments, the optical component may be further accommodated in the holes O1 to O3 according to actual requirements, and the accommodating depth actually accommodated in the holes O1, O2 and even O3 may be designed according to requirements.

Fig. 5B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a touch display module 200a according to other embodiments of the disclosure. At least one difference between the touch display module 200a of fig. 5B and the touch display module 200 of fig. 5A is that the polarizing layer 230 of the touch display module 200a may be disposed between the touch sensor 100a and the cover 220. For example, the polarizing layer 230 may be directly formed on the surface of the cover 220, that is, the cover 220 is used as a substrate to form the polarizing layer 230.

According to the above embodiments of the disclosure, since the touch sensor of the disclosure has the hole location area corresponding to the visible area, when the touch sensor is integrated into the touch display module with the optical function, the optical component of the touch display module can be disposed corresponding to the hole location area. Therefore, the space for arranging the optical component in the peripheral area can be saved, and the requirement of the narrow frame design of the touch display module can be further met. In addition, because the optical components of the touch display module are correspondingly arranged in the visible area, the peripheral circuit of the touch sensor in the peripheral area is not required to avoid the optical components, and the bending of the peripheral area is not limited by the optical components, so that the touch sensor can realize more diversified bending designs. On the other hand, by adjusting the resistance specification of the touch electrode layer and designing the layout and electrode pattern of the touch electrode, the touch electrode can keep the line resistance required by the design while bypassing the hole region, so as to well maintain the touch function. In addition, in the manufacturing process of the touch sensor disclosed by the invention, the sequence of the process steps can be flexibly adjusted according to actual requirements, so that the convenience of the process is improved.

While the present disclosure has been described with reference to the exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but may be variously modified and modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and thus the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a touch sensor which is characterized in that the touch sensor has a visible area and a peripheral area arranged on at least one side of the visible area, and the touch sensor comprises:

A substrate having a hole region corresponding to the visible region, wherein the hole region has a first edge, and

The first touch electrode layer is arranged on the substrate and is correspondingly positioned in the visible area, wherein the first touch electrode layer comprises a first electrode wire extending along a first direction, the first electrode wire is provided with a first part close to the hole site area and a second part far away from the hole site area in the first direction, the first part of the first electrode wire is connected with the second part of the first electrode wire, and the first part of the first electrode wire is adjacent to the first edge along the outline of the hole site area;

The hole site area is also provided with a second edge, and part of the second edge and part of the first edge are positioned on two opposite sides of the hole site area;

The first electrode wire comprises a plurality of branch wires which are arranged at intervals, the plurality of branch wires are connected in parallel, the first electrode wire of the first touch electrode layer is further provided with a third part, the second part and the third part of the first electrode wire form two branch wires of the first electrode wire, and the third part is connected with the first part of the first electrode wire, so that the first part of the first electrode wire is a part which forms the plurality of branch wires into a whole;

The first touch electrode layer further comprises a second electrode line extending along the first direction, wherein the second electrode line is adjacent to the first electrode line and is arranged at intervals, and the first electrode line is provided with a first part close to the hole site area and a second part far away from the hole site area in the first direction, the first part of the second electrode line is connected with the second part of the second electrode line, and the first part of the second electrode line is adjacent to the second edge along the outline of the hole site area;

The second electrode wire comprises a plurality of branches which are arranged at intervals, and the branches of the second electrode wire are connected in parallel and are not combined into one.

2. The touch sensor of claim 1, wherein the first touch electrode layer comprises a matrix and a plurality of metal nanostructures distributed in the matrix.

3. The touch sensor of claim 1, wherein a distance between the first portion of the first electrode wire and the first portion of the second electrode wire is greater than a distance between the second portion of the first electrode wire and the second portion of the second electrode wire.

4. The touch sensor of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the first electrode line is spaced apart from at least a portion of the first portion of the second electrode line by the hole site region.

5. The touch sensor of claim 1, wherein the second portion of the first electrode line is parallel to the second portion of the second electrode line.

6. The touch sensor of claim 1, wherein the first portion of the first electrode line is between 100 microns and 400 microns from the first edge of the hole site region, and the first portion of the second electrode line is between 100 microns and 400 microns from the second edge of the hole site region.

7. The touch sensor of claim 1, wherein a connection between the first portion of the first electrode wire and the second portion of the first electrode wire has a rounded corner, and a connection between the first portion of the second electrode wire and the second portion of the second electrode wire has a rounded corner.

8. The touch sensor of claim 1, wherein the plurality of legs are combined to follow the contour of the hole region adjacent to the first edge of the hole region when the plurality of legs simultaneously encounter the interference of the hole region in the first direction.

9. The touch sensor of claim 1, further comprising a second touch electrode layer, wherein the substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the first touch electrode layer and the second touch electrode layer are disposed on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate, respectively, or the first touch electrode layer and the second touch electrode layer are disposed on a side of the first surface or the second surface of the substrate, and are electrically insulated by an insulating layer.

10. The touch sensor of claim 9, wherein the second touch electrode layer comprises a fifth electrode line extending along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, and the fifth electrode line having a first portion near the hole site area and a second portion far from the hole site area in the second direction, wherein the first portion of the fifth electrode line is connected to the second portion of the fifth electrode line, and the first portion of the fifth electrode line is adjacent to the edge of the hole site area along the outline of the hole site area.

11. A touch display module, comprising:

a display panel, and

The touch sensor of claim 1, disposed on the display panel.

12. The touch display module of claim 11, further comprising a cover plate disposed on the touch sensor.

13. The touch display module of claim 12, further comprising a polarizing layer disposed between the display panel and the touch sensor or between the touch sensor and the cover plate.

14. The touch display module of claim 11, wherein the display panel has a hole corresponding to the hole location.

15. The touch display module of claim 14, further comprising an optical component received in the hole.