CN114670977A - An offshore photovoltaic floating base structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore floating foundations, and discloses an offshore photovoltaic floating foundation structure and a construction method thereof. The foundation structure comprises an outer annular floating body, a cross buoy frame arranged in an area surrounded by the outer annular floating body, and The inner mesh floating body, the outer annular floating body and the inner mesh floating body are all composed of horizontal buoys and vertical buoys which are alternately arranged and flexibly connected. A second damping structure hangs below the floating body; the foundation structure is connected to the seabed through an anchoring system; the construction method is generally carried out in accordance with the installation sequence of the external annular floating body, the cross buoy frame and the internal mesh floating body, the anchoring system and the second damping structure . The invention can make full use of the water surface space, effectively reduce the horizontal displacement in the wave environment, and finally realize the maximum use of offshore photovoltaic resources on the basis of economic feasibility and construction convenience.

Description

An offshore photovoltaic floating base structure and its construction method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore floating foundations, and in particular relates to a floating foundation structure for supporting an aquatic photovoltaic power generation system and a construction method thereof.

Background technique

my country's carbon emissions from energy activities account for about 88% of the total carbon dioxide emissions. Accelerating the green and low-carbon transformation of the energy structure is the key to promoting "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality". Nowadays, the cost of land is increasing, and it is difficult to implement photovoltaic power generation in large-scale land acquisition. The development of floating photovoltaic projects such as lakes, reservoirs, coal subsidence areas and even offshore has received more and more attention. Compared with onshore photovoltaic power generation, offshore photovoltaics have the advantages of not occupying the land area of cultivated land and forest land, improving the utilization rate of water areas, and reducing water evaporation. There are two basic types of offshore photovoltaics: fixed and floating. Compared with fixed basic structures, floating basic structures have the advantages of larger applicable water depth and more convenient recycling. Therefore, developing offshore photovoltaics and complementing offshore wind power will be an important direction for new offshore energy in the future.

Due to the complex and harsh marine environment, offshore photovoltaic floating infrastructure needs to have sufficient strength and less stiffness to resist environmental loads. The existing floating photovoltaic foundations are mostly used in still water conditions, and there are problems such as large horizontal displacement under wave loads, and there is a lack of relevant technologies to reduce the impact of wave loads on the overall structure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides an offshore photovoltaic floating base structure and a construction method thereof. The base structure can fully utilize the water surface space and effectively reduce the horizontal displacement in the wave environment. On the basis of economic feasibility and construction convenience, the final To maximize the use of offshore photovoltaic resources.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an offshore photovoltaic floating base structure, comprising an outer annular floating body and an inner meshed floating body, both of which are composed of a plurality of horizontal buoys and an inner meshed floating body. A plurality of vertical buoys are formed, the horizontal buoys and the vertical buoys are alternately arranged and connected flexibly; a first damping structure is arranged under each of the horizontal buoys, and the first damping structure passes through a first steel cable connected with the horizontal buoy;

The outer annular buoy is connected in a plane by the horizontal buoy and the vertical buoy; a cross buoy frame is arranged in the area enclosed by the outer annular buoy. The four ends are rigidly connected with the outer annular float; the inner mesh float is arranged between the outer annular float and the cross float frame, and the inner mesh float is connected to the cross float frame and the cross float frame. The outer annular buoys are all flexible connections; the inner mesh buoys are connected by the horizontal buoys and the vertical buoys into a continuous square grid on a plane;

A second damping structure is arranged below the outer annular floating body, and a plurality of the second damping structures are evenly arranged in the ring direction; the second damping structure is connected to the The vertical buoys are connected, and a plurality of the vertical buoys are spaced between two adjacent second damping structures;

Further, the horizontal buoy is a cylindrical structure with a horizontal axis, its length is 6-8 m, and the diameter is 2-3 m; the vertical buoy is a cylindrical structure with a vertical axis, and its length is 2 to 3m, with a diameter of 2 to 3m.

Further, the outer annular floating body is connected to the seabed through a circumferentially uniform anchoring system.

Further, the horizontal section of the cross pontoon frame is cross-shaped, and the vertical section is circular; the cross pontoon frame has a first axis and a second axis that are perpendicular to each other on the horizontal plane, the first axis and the The intersection of the two axes coincides with the center of the outer ring-shaped floating body; the inner reticulated floating body includes horizontal buoys connected along the first direction and horizontal buoys connected along the second direction, and the horizontal buoys connected along the first direction The axis of the horizontal pontoon is parallel to the first axis of the cross pontoon frame and perpendicular to the second axis, and the axis of the horizontal pontoon connected in the second direction is parallel to the second axis of the cross pontoon frame and perpendicular to the first axis. .

Further, the inner mesh buoy is flexibly connected with the cross buoy frame with its horizontal buoy, and the inner mesh buoy and the outer annular buoy are flexibly connected with a vertical buoy that is close to each other.

Further, the first damping structure is a cube concrete block with a side length of 2-3 m; the second damping structure is a cube concrete block with a side length of 8-10 m.

Further, the first damping structure is connected to the horizontal buoy through two first steel cables, the upper parts of the two first steel cables are fixed on both ends of the bottom of the horizontal buoy, and the two The lower part of the first steel cable is fixed on both ends of the center line of the upper surface of the first damping structure, and the center line is parallel to the axial direction of the horizontal buoy.

Further, the second damping structure is connected to the vertical buoy through two second steel cables, the upper parts of the two second steel cables are fixed at the centroid position of the bottom surface of the vertical buoy, and the lower They are respectively fixed at the top-to-corner vertices of the second damping structure.

Further, the horizontal buoys of the outer annular floating body and the inner net-shaped floating body are used for installing photovoltaic panels, and the photovoltaic panels are fixed above the horizontal buoys through support rods.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a construction method of the above-mentioned offshore photovoltaic floating infrastructure is provided, comprising the following steps:

(1) Connect a plurality of the horizontal buoys and a plurality of the vertical buoys to form the outer annular buoy, and connect the first damping structure below the horizontal buoys of the outer annular buoy ;

(2) Install the cross buoy frame and the inner mesh buoy in the area enclosed by the outer annular buoy, and connect the first buoy below the horizontal buoy of the inner mesh buoy a damping structure; the inner mesh floating body is rigidly connected to the cross buoy frame, and the inner mesh floating body is flexibly connected to the outer annular floating body;

At this time, a photovoltaic panel can be installed above each of the horizontal buoys, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted;

(3) launching the overall structure obtained in step (2), and checking the air tightness of the outer annular floating body, the cross buoy frame and the inner mesh floating body;

(4) Under the premise of ensuring air tightness, the overall structure obtained in step (3) is transported to the target sea area by a tugboat;

(5) After the tugboat reaches the target sea area, it is anchored and positioned, the outer annular floating body is connected to the seabed through the anchoring system, and the pretension of the anchoring system is adjusted to the design tension;

(6) Install the second damping structure on the outer annular floating body so that the basic structure reaches the design draft.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The offshore photovoltaic floating base structure and the construction method thereof of the present invention provide buoyancy by arranging the horizontal buoys and the vertical buoys in a specific manner, and the damping structure restricts the movement of the base structure within a certain range, which can ensure the base structure. The overall strength reduces the rigidity of the foundation structure at the same time, so that the foundation structure has better motion performance under the action of complex marine environmental loads, and at the same time makes full use of the water surface space to ensure the maximum power generation efficiency of photovoltaic resources.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an offshore photovoltaic floating infrastructure provided by the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the horizontal buoy, the vertical buoy, the damping structure and the photovoltaic panel in the offshore photovoltaic floating infrastructure provided by the present invention;

3 is a schematic top view of the offshore photovoltaic floating infrastructure provided by the present invention;

4 is a schematic front view of an offshore photovoltaic floating infrastructure provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an array of an offshore photovoltaic floating infrastructure provided by the present invention.

In the above figure: 1. Horizontal pontoon; 2. Vertical pontoon; 3. First damping structure; 4. Cross pontoon frame; 5. First steel cable; 6. Photovoltaic panel; 7. Second damping structure; 8. The second steel cable; 9. Anchoring system.

Detailed ways

In order to further understand the content, characteristics and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are exemplified and described in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows:

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the present invention provides an offshore photovoltaic floating infrastructure, which is arranged in a target sea area (usually greater than 100m in diameter) with excellent lighting conditions, so as to fully utilize light energy resources. The offshore photovoltaic floating base structure mainly includes an external annular floating body, an internal mesh floating body, a first damping structure 3 , a cross buoy frame 4 , a second damping structure 7 , and an anchoring system 9 .

Both the outer annular buoy and the inner mesh buoy are composed of a plurality of horizontal buoys 1 and a plurality of vertical buoys 2 . The horizontal buoy 1 is a cylindrical structure made of rubber or hard plastic material, its axis is in the horizontal direction, the length is usually 6-8m, and the diameter is 2-3m. The vertical buoy 2 is a cylindrical structure made of rubber or hard plastic material, its axis is in the vertical direction, the length is usually 2-3 m, and the diameter is 2-3 m.

The outer annular buoy is connected by alternately arranged horizontal buoys 1 and vertical buoys 2 to form a closed ring on a plane. Alternate arrangement means that one vertical buoy 2 is arranged between every two adjacent horizontal buoys 1, so the number of horizontal buoys 1 and vertical buoys 2 in the outer annular buoy is the same. Preferably, the diameter of the outer annular floating body is 50-100 m.

The cross buoy frame 4 and the inner mesh floating body are arranged in the area enclosed by the outer annular floating body. The cross buoy frame 4 acts as an internal frame to support the outer annular floating body, and the inner mesh floating body is arranged between the cross buoy frame 4 and the outer annular floating body. The area between the outer annular floating bodies maximizes space utilization and photovoltaic utilization.

The horizontal section of the cross pontoon frame 4 is cross-shaped, and the vertical section is usually a circle with a diameter of 1-2 m. It can be seen that the cross pontoon frame 4 has a first axis and a second axis which are perpendicular to each other on the horizontal plane. Inside the cross pontoon frame 4 is arranged a sub-division board every 3-5m, so that the cross pontoon frame 4 is divided into a plurality of compartments, so as to ensure that the cross pontoon frame 4 still has buoyancy stability under the condition of partial damage. The intersection of the first axis and the second axis of the cross buoy frame 4 coincides with the circle center of the outer annular buoy, and the four ends of the cross buoy frame 4 are respectively connected with the horizontal buoy 1 or the vertical buoy 2 in the outer annular buoy. Rigid connection is made to play the role of supporting the skeleton.

The inner mesh buoy is connected by alternately arranged horizontal buoys 1 and vertical buoys 2 to form a continuous square grid on the plane. The number of square grids is determined according to the size of the area between the outer annular float and the cross float frame 4 . The inner mesh buoy includes horizontal buoys 1 connected in the first direction and horizontal buoys 1 connected in the second direction, wherein the axis of the horizontal buoys 1 connected in the first direction and the first axis of the cross buoy frame 4 Parallel and perpendicular to the second axis, wherein the axis of the horizontal pontoon 1 connected in the second direction is parallel to the second axis of the cross pontoon frame 4 and perpendicular to the first axis.

In the outer annular buoy and the inner mesh buoy, the horizontal buoy 1 and the vertical buoy 2 are connected by a flexible connecting piece, one end of the flexible connecting piece is connected to the center of the end of the horizontal buoy 1, and the other end is connected The vertical buoy 2 is closest to the axial center point of the side wall of the connected horizontal buoy 1 . The length of the flexible connector is preferably 1 to 2 m. Flexible connectors can be selected from steel cables, steel wire ropes, high-strength synthetic fiber ropes, etc.

The inner mesh floating body is flexibly connected to the cross buoy frame 4 and the outer annular floating body. As a preferred embodiment, the inner mesh buoy is connected to the cross buoy frame 4 with its horizontal buoy 1, one end of the flexible connector is fixed to the end of the outermost horizontal buoy 1 of the inner mesh buoy, and the other end is fixed to the The middle of the side wall of the cross pontoon frame 4. As a preferred embodiment, the inner mesh floating body and the outer annular floating body are connected by the vertical buoys 2 which are close to each other, and the two ends of the flexible connecting piece are respectively fixed on the sides of the two vertical buoys 2 that are closest to each other. The axial center point of the wall. Flexible connectors can be selected from steel cables, steel wire ropes, high-strength synthetic fiber ropes, etc.

The above-mentioned connection method of the inner mesh floating body, the outer annular floating body and the cross buoy frame 4 can reduce the rigidity of the basic structure while ensuring the overall strength of the basic structure, so that the basic structure can also be applied in the environment with changing wave conditions, and at the same time, the The utilization rate of space and photovoltaic resources is the highest.

The first damping structure 3 is generally a cube concrete block with a side length of 2-3 m, which is located under the horizontal buoy 1 in a one-to-one correspondence. Each horizontal buoy 1 in the outer annular buoy and the inner mesh buoy is connected with the first damping structure 3 through two first steel cables 5, and the upper part of the two first steel cables 5 is fixed to the bottom two of the horizontal buoy 1. The lower part is fixed to both ends of the center line of the upper surface of the first damping structure 3 , and the center line is parallel to the axial direction of the horizontal buoy 1 . Under the action of wave load, the first damping structure 3 can effectively reduce the horizontal displacement of the horizontal buoy 1, reduce the motion response of the horizontal buoy 1 in the wave environment, and play the role of wave elimination.

A second damping structure 7 is also hung below the outer annular floating body, and a plurality of second damping structures 7 are evenly arranged in the annular direction. The second damping structure 7 is generally a cube concrete block with a side length of 8-10 m. The second damping structure 7 is connected to the vertical buoy 2 in the outer annular floating body through two second steel cables 8. The upper parts of the two second steel cables 8 are fixed at the centroid of the bottom surface of the vertical buoy 2, and the lower parts are respectively fixed At the top facing corner vertex of the second damping structure 7 . Preferably, 3 to 5 vertical buoys 2 are spaced between two adjacent second damping structures 7 . The second damping structure 7 is used to lower the overall center of gravity of the base structure, to ensure the stability of the base structure in a complex marine environment, and to reduce the horizontal displacement of the entire base structure under wave loads.

The outer ring-shaped floating body and the upper part of the inner mesh-shaped floating body are used to install photovoltaic power generation devices. The photovoltaic panels 6 of the photovoltaic power generation device are disposed above the horizontal buoy 1 in a one-to-one correspondence, and can be connected to the horizontal buoy 1 through a support rod. One end of the support rod is fixed to the center of the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 6 , and the other end is fixed to the middle of the upper surface of the horizontal buoy 1 . The size of each photovoltaic panel 6 is determined so that no light is blocked between adjacent photovoltaic panels 6 .

The base structure is connected to a plurality of anchoring systems 9, which are used to limit the movement of the base structure within a certain range. The anchoring system 9 includes anchor chains and mooring structures on the seabed, such as suction anchors, gravity anchors, and the like. 3 to 4 anchor chains are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the outer annular floating body. One end of the anchor chain is connected at the centroid of the bottom surface of the vertical buoy 2 of the outer annular floating body, and the other end is fixed to the seabed through the mooring structure.

An offshore photovoltaic floating base structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the construction method of which includes the following steps:

(1) Connect the horizontal buoy 1 and the vertical buoy 2 into an outer annular buoy, and connect the first damping structure 3 below the horizontal buoy 1 of the outer annular buoy.

(2) Install the cross buoy frame 4 and the inner mesh buoy in the area enclosed by the outer annular buoy, and connect the first damping structure 3 below the horizontal buoy 1 of the inner mesh buoy; wherein, the cross buoy frame 4 It is rigidly connected with the outer annular floating body, and the inner meshed floating body is flexibly connected with the cross buoy frame 4 and the outer annular floating body.

(3) Install a photovoltaic panel 6 on each horizontal buoy 1, and adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 6 according to the optimal power generation efficiency.

(4) Launch the overall structure obtained in step (3) into the water, and check the air tightness of the outer annular floating body, the cross buoy frame 4 and the inner mesh floating body.

(5) On the premise of ensuring air tightness, the overall structure obtained in step (4) is transported to the target sea area by a tugboat.

(6) After the tugboat reaches the target sea area, it is anchored and positioned, the external annular floating body is connected to the seabed through the anchoring system 9, and the pretension of the anchoring system 9 is adjusted to the design tension;

(7) Install the second damping structure 7 on the outer annular floating body, so that the basic structure reaches the design draft under the action of the second damping structure 7 .

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Under the inspiration of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, personnel can also make many specific transformations, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A marine photovoltaic floating foundation structure is characterized by comprising an external annular floating body and an internal reticular floating body, wherein the external annular floating body and the internal reticular floating body are both composed of a plurality of horizontal floating cylinders and a plurality of vertical floating cylinders, and the horizontal floating cylinders and the vertical floating cylinders are alternately arranged and flexibly connected; a first damping structure is arranged below each horizontal buoy and is connected with the horizontal buoys through first steel cables;

the outer annular floating body is connected to the vertical floating body in a ring shape on the plane by the horizontal floating body and the vertical floating body; a cross-shaped floating cylinder frame is arranged in the area surrounded by the external annular floating bodies, and four end parts of the cross-shaped floating cylinder frame are rigidly connected with the external annular floating bodies; the inner reticular floating body is arranged between the outer annular floating body and the cross floating barrel frame, and the inner reticular floating body is flexibly connected with the cross floating barrel frame and the outer annular floating body; the inner reticular floating body is formed by connecting the horizontal floating cylinder and the vertical floating cylinder into a continuous square grid on the plane;

a second damping structure is arranged below the external annular floating body, and a plurality of second damping structures are uniformly arranged in the annular direction; the second damping structures are connected with the vertical buoys in the external annular floating bodies through second steel cables, and a plurality of vertical buoys are arranged between every two adjacent second damping structures at intervals.

2. The offshore photovoltaic floating foundation structure of claim 1, wherein the horizontal pontoon is a cylindrical structure with a horizontal axis, a length of 6-8 m and a diameter of 2-3 m; the vertical type floating barrel is of a cylindrical structure with an axis in the vertical direction, the length of the vertical type floating barrel is 2-3 m, and the diameter of the vertical type floating barrel is 2-3 m.

3. An offshore photovoltaic floating foundation structure, according to claim 1, wherein the outer annular buoyant body is connected to the seabed by a circumferentially distributed anchoring system.

4. The offshore photovoltaic floating foundation structure of claim 1, wherein the cross pontoon frame has a cross-shaped horizontal cross-section and a circular vertical cross-section; the cross buoy frame is provided with a first axis and a second axis which are vertical to each other on the horizontal plane, and the intersection point of the first axis and the second axis is superposed with the circle center of the external annular floating body; the inner net-shaped floating body comprises a horizontal floating cylinder connected along a first direction and a horizontal floating cylinder connected along a second direction, the axis of the horizontal floating cylinder connected along the first direction is parallel to the first axis of the cross floating cylinder frame and is perpendicular to the second axis, and the axis of the horizontal floating cylinder connected along the second direction is parallel to the second axis of the cross floating cylinder frame and is perpendicular to the first axis.

5. The offshore photovoltaic floating foundation structure of claim 1, wherein the inner mesh buoyant body is flexibly connected to the cross buoyant frame by its horizontal pontoons, and the inner mesh buoyant body is flexibly connected to the outer annular buoyant body by its vertical pontoons adjacent to each other.

6. The offshore photovoltaic floating foundation structure of claim 1, wherein the first damping structure is a square concrete block with a side length of 2-3 m; the second damping structure is a cubic concrete block with the side length of 8-10 m.

7. The offshore photovoltaic floating foundation structure of claim 1, wherein the first damping structure is connected to the horizontal pontoon through two first steel cables, upper portions of the two first steel cables are fixed to two ends of the bottom of the horizontal pontoon, and lower portions of the two first steel cables are fixed to two ends of a center line of an upper surface of the first damping structure, and the center line is parallel to an axial direction of the horizontal pontoon.

8. The offshore photovoltaic floating foundation structure of claim 1, wherein the second damping structure is connected to the vertical pontoon through two second steel cables, the upper portions of the two second steel cables are fixed to the bottom centroid of the vertical pontoon, and the lower portions of the two second steel cables are respectively fixed to the top diagonal vertices of the second damping structure.

9. The offshore photovoltaic floating foundation structure of claim 1, wherein the horizontal pontoons of the outer annular buoyant body and the inner mesh buoyant body are used for mounting photovoltaic panels, and the photovoltaic panels are fixed above the horizontal pontoons by support rods.

10. A method of constructing an offshore photovoltaic floating infrastructure, according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

(1) connecting a plurality of horizontal buoys and a plurality of vertical buoys into the external annular floating body, and connecting the first damping structure below the horizontal buoys of the external annular floating body;

(2) the cross buoy frame and the internal reticular buoy body are arranged in a region surrounded by the external annular buoy body, and the first damping structure is connected below the horizontal buoy of the internal reticular buoy body; the inner reticular floating body is rigidly connected with the cross buoy frame, and the inner reticular floating body is flexibly connected with the outer annular floating body;

(3) launching the integral structure obtained in the step (2), and checking the air tightness of the external annular floating body, the cross floating cylinder frame and the internal reticular floating body;

(4) on the premise of ensuring the air tightness, transporting the integral structure obtained in the step (3) to a target sea area through a tug boat;

(5) anchoring and positioning the tug after reaching a target sea area, connecting the external annular floating body with a seabed through an anchoring system, and adjusting the pretension of the anchoring system to a designed tension;

(6) and the second damping structure is arranged on the external annular floating body, so that the foundation structure reaches the design draft.

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