CN114633906B - Ultraviolet dynamic earth simulator - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种紫外动态地球模拟器，包括模拟器头部、控制计算机、紫外地球模拟显示软件、导轨及调整机构。模拟器头部由准直光学系统、紫外显示器、驱动电路、紫外光源、准直镜筒及机壳组成。紫外地球模拟显示软件安装在控制计算机中，该软件可实时生成动态的地球紫外圆盘和天空背景图像，模拟图像经模拟器头部的驱动电路显示在紫外显示器上，紫外显示器发出的光线经准直光学系统汇聚后形成平行光，可在室内有限距离上模拟对真实地球边缘紫外辐射亮度随季相变化和日变化的地球表面辐亮度空间分布的观测效果，实现对紫外地球敏感器性能、极性和角度的模拟测试。本发明结构简单，体积小，重量轻，操作便捷，可灵活输出静态或动态地球模拟图像。
The invention discloses an ultraviolet dynamic earth simulator, which includes a simulator head, a control computer, ultraviolet earth simulation display software, guide rails and an adjustment mechanism. The simulator head consists of a collimating optical system, an ultraviolet display, a drive circuit, an ultraviolet light source, a collimating lens barrel and a casing. The UV earth simulation display software is installed in the control computer. The software can generate dynamic earth UV disk and sky background images in real time. The simulated images are displayed on the UV display through the drive circuit of the simulator head. The light emitted by the UV display is calibrated. The direct optical system converges to form parallel light, which can simulate the observation effect of the spatial distribution of the earth's surface radiance with seasonal and diurnal changes in the real earth's edge ultraviolet radiation at a limited distance indoors, and realize the performance and polarization of the ultraviolet earth sensor. Practice tests of sex and angles. The invention has simple structure, small size, light weight, convenient operation, and can flexibly output static or dynamic earth simulation images.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及紫外地球模拟器的技术领域，特别涉及一种紫外动态地球模拟器。The present invention relates to the technical field of ultraviolet earth simulators, and in particular to an ultraviolet dynamic earth simulator.
背景技术Background technique
紫外地球模拟器是卫星控制分系统测试设备的组成部分，用于卫星控制分系统对紫外地球敏感器的功能和性能的测试。The UV Earth simulator is a component of the satellite control subsystem test equipment and is used to test the function and performance of the UV Earth sensor of the satellite control subsystem.
先前的紫外地球模拟器通常由紫外光源、紫外滤光片、地球分划板或地球光阑、紫外准直光学系统和紫外准直镜筒组成。为了实现相对于紫外地球敏感器光轴不同地球图像的模拟，需要更换不同的地球分划板或地球光阑。这类紫外地球模拟器通常用于静态地球图像的模拟。还有些紫外地球模拟器，采用空心发光椭球体来模拟地球，系统占用空间大，操作复杂。Previous UV earth simulators usually consist of a UV light source, UV filter, earth reticle or earth aperture, UV collimation optical system and UV collimation tube. In order to achieve the simulation of different Earth images relative to the optical axis of the UV Earth sensor, different Earth reticles or Earth apertures need to be replaced. This type of UV Earth simulator is often used for the simulation of static Earth images. There are also some UV earth simulators that use hollow luminous ellipsoids to simulate the earth. The system takes up a lot of space and is complex to operate.
现今有些紫外地球模拟器要求为紫外地球敏感器提供任意时刻地球圆盘紫外信号和天空背景冷信号。不仅要给出不同时刻的地球表面辐亮度的空间分布特征，且要能够模拟地球边缘紫外辐射亮度随季相变化和日变化的特征，能够模拟地球边缘辐射亮度随切点高度的垂直变化规律。显然先前的地球图像模拟方法已不足以满足当前的工程需求。Nowadays, some UV Earth simulators require the UV Earth sensor to be provided with the UV signal of the Earth's disk and the cold signal of the sky background at any time. It is not only necessary to provide the spatial distribution characteristics of the earth's surface radiance at different times, but also to be able to simulate the seasonal and diurnal changes in the earth's edge ultraviolet radiation brightness, and to simulate the vertical changes in the earth's edge radiation brightness with the height of the tangent point. It is clear that previous earth image simulation methods are no longer sufficient to meet current engineering needs.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对先前紫外地球图像模拟方法的局限性及实际的工程需求，提供了一种紫外动态地球模拟器，该模拟器体积小，重量轻，可灵活支持动态或静态地球图像的模拟且操作简单。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultraviolet dynamic earth simulator in view of the limitations of previous ultraviolet earth image simulation methods and actual engineering needs. The simulator is small in size, light in weight, and can flexibly support the simulation of dynamic or static earth images. And the operation is simple.
本发明采用的技术方案为：一种紫外动态地球模拟器，包括紫外地球模拟器头部、控制计算机、紫外地球模拟显示软件、导轨及调整机构。紫外地球模拟器头部由准直光学系统、紫外显示器、驱动电路、紫外光源、准直镜筒及机壳组成。准直光学系统位于准直镜筒内，驱动电路、紫外光源位于机壳内，紫外显示器位于准直光学系统焦点附近最佳像面处，紫外光源发出覆盖工作波段的紫外光，充满前方的紫外显示器，通过准直光学系统以平行光出射出紫外地球模拟器头部，为紫外地球敏感器提供一无穷远处的图像目标；紫外地球模拟显示软件安装在控制计算机中，该软件可根据网络接收到的紫外地球敏感器某一时刻的历元信息或本地设置的历元信息，由地球边缘紫外辐射亮度数据库生成当前时刻紫外地球敏感器所能观测到的地球紫外圆盘和天空背景图像数据，再通过驱动电路在紫外显示器上产生地球紫外圆盘和天空背景图像。由模拟图像发出的光线经准直光学系统汇聚后形成平行光，可在室内有限距离上模拟对真实地球边缘紫外辐射亮度随季相变化和日变化的地球表面辐亮度空间分布的观测效果。实现对紫外地球敏感器性能、极性和角度的模拟测试。The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an ultraviolet dynamic earth simulator, which includes an ultraviolet earth simulator head, a control computer, an ultraviolet earth simulation display software, a guide rail and an adjustment mechanism. The head of the UV earth simulator is composed of a collimating optical system, a UV display, a driving circuit, a UV light source, a collimating lens barrel and a casing. The collimating optical system is located in the collimating lens barrel, the driving circuit and the ultraviolet light source are located in the casing. The ultraviolet display is located at the best image plane near the focus of the collimating optical system. The ultraviolet light source emits ultraviolet light covering the working band, filling the front ultraviolet The display emits parallel light from the head of the UV earth simulator through the collimating optical system, providing an infinitely distant image target for the UV earth sensor; the UV earth simulation display software is installed in the control computer, and the software can be received according to the network The epoch information of the ultraviolet earth sensor at a certain moment or the epoch information set locally is generated from the earth's edge ultraviolet radiation brightness database to generate the earth's ultraviolet disk and sky background image data that can be observed by the ultraviolet earth sensor at the current moment. Then the earth's ultraviolet disk and sky background images are generated on the ultraviolet display through the driving circuit. The light emitted by the simulated image is converged by the collimating optical system to form parallel light, which can simulate the observation effect of the spatial distribution of the earth's surface radiance with seasonal and diurnal changes in the ultraviolet radiation brightness at the edge of the real earth at a limited distance indoors. Enables simulated testing of UV earth sensor performance, polarity and angle.
进一步地，所述的控制计算机通过外部接口与地测主控计算机进行通信，安装在控制计算机中的紫外地球模拟显示软件实时接收地测主控计算机发出的历元时刻信息，并将该信息作为有外部历元驱动模式的输入，在地球边缘紫外辐射亮度数据库中选择与历元时刻相同的数据文件，计算并灵活输出静态或动态紫外地球模拟图像。Further, the control computer communicates with the geological survey main control computer through an external interface, and the ultraviolet earth simulation display software installed in the control computer receives the epoch time information sent by the geological survey main control computer in real time, and uses this information as With the input of the external epoch drive mode, select the same data file as the epoch time in the Earth's edge UV radiation brightness database, calculate and flexibly output static or dynamic UV earth simulation images.
进一步地，所述的紫外地球模拟显示软件支持有外部历元驱动和无外部历元驱动两种工作模式，且在这两种工作模式下均可实现单点、单天或全年地球紫外模拟图像的循环显示输出。Furthermore, the UV earth simulation display software supports two working modes: external epoch drive and no external epoch drive, and in both working modes, single point, single day or year-round earth UV simulation can be realized A loop of images showing the output.
进一步地，所述的地球边缘紫外辐射亮度全年数据库由许多不同季节不同时段采集到的地球紫外光谱特性数据文件组成。每个数据文件选取相对于观测点上下左右4个位置的临边点以及星下点、临边点和星下点间的中间点等重要观测点位，在紫外地球敏感器观测的球面区域共有17个观测点位。Furthermore, the whole-year database of ultraviolet radiation brightness at the edge of the earth is composed of many ultraviolet spectral characteristic data files of the earth collected at different times in different seasons. Each data file selects important observation points such as limb points at four positions above, below, left and right relative to the observation point, as well as subsatellite points, midpoints between limb points and subsatellite points. They are all in the spherical area observed by the ultraviolet earth sensor. 17 observation points.
进一步地，所述的紫外显示器利用多晶硅技术，在基板上内置驱动电路。具有小型化、重量轻、可靠性高等特点。地球亮度可通过紫外光源和调节光源的发光亮度来模拟，也可通过软件显示的地球灰度值来改变。Furthermore, the ultraviolet display uses polysilicon technology and has a built-in driving circuit on the substrate. It has the characteristics of miniaturization, light weight and high reliability. The brightness of the earth can be simulated by using a UV light source and adjusting the luminous brightness of the light source, or it can be changed by the grayscale value of the earth displayed by the software.
进一步地，所述的驱动电路用于紫外地球模拟器控制计算机与紫外显示器之间的地球边缘紫外辐射亮度数据传递，完成对显示器的地球图像显示及刷新功能。Further, the driving circuit is used to transmit the ultraviolet radiation brightness data of the earth's edge between the ultraviolet earth simulator control computer and the ultraviolet display, and complete the earth image display and refresh functions of the display.
进一步地，所述的紫外地球模拟器通过水平方向的支架、导轨及调整机构保证紫外地球敏感器与紫外地球模拟器的相对位置精度。Furthermore, the UV earth simulator ensures the relative position accuracy of the UV earth sensor and the UV earth simulator through horizontal brackets, guide rails and adjustment mechanisms.
进一步地，紫外地球模拟图像主要生成流程如下：Furthermore, the main generation process of ultraviolet earth simulation images is as follows:
(1)根据地球紫外光谱特性数据建立数据库；(1) Establish a database based on the earth’s ultraviolet spectral characteristic data;
(2)将数据库中每个数据文件17个位置的相关信息转换为平面显示的图像位置及亮度信息；(2) Convert the relevant information of 17 positions of each data file in the database into image position and brightness information for flat display;
(3)通过已有17个位置点的位置及亮度信息，拟合出整个圆形区域内所有像素位置的亮度数据并存为图像文件；(3) Through the position and brightness information of the existing 17 position points, the brightness data of all pixel positions in the entire circular area are fitted and stored as an image file;
(4)根据需求在图像文件中添加背景星图；(4) Add a background star map to the image file as required;
(5)显示输出静态地球模拟图像或动态地球模拟图像。(5) Display and output static earth simulation images or dynamic earth simulation images.
进一步地，输出不同静态或动态地球模拟图像无需更换系统的任何组件。Furthermore, outputting different static or dynamic earth simulation images does not require replacing any components of the system.
从以上技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例具有以下优点：It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:
本发明提供的紫外地球模拟器，结构简单，操作便捷，可靠性高。在无需更换设备组件的情况下，通过设置紫外地球模拟显示软件的工作模式，管理地球边缘紫外辐射亮度数据库及相关计算，便可实现紫外地球图像的灵活模拟，输出或环或圆或弧的紫外地球图像，满足当前的工程需求。The ultraviolet earth simulator provided by the invention has a simple structure, convenient operation and high reliability. Without replacing equipment components, by setting the working mode of the UV Earth simulation display software, managing the Earth's edge UV radiation brightness database and related calculations, you can realize flexible simulation of UV Earth images, and output UV in rings, circles or arcs. Earth images for current engineering needs.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明的紫外地球模拟器系统结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the ultraviolet earth simulator system of the present invention.
图2为本发明的紫外地球模拟器头部结构示意图，其中，21为准直光学系统，22为准直镜筒，23为紫外显示器，24为紫外光源，25为驱动电路，26为机壳。Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the head of the ultraviolet earth simulator of the present invention, in which 21 is a collimating optical system, 22 is a collimating lens barrel, 23 is an ultraviolet display, 24 is an ultraviolet light source, 25 is a driving circuit, and 26 is a casing. .
图3为本发明的地球表面观测点位分布示意图(投影后)。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of observation points on the earth's surface according to the present invention (after projection).
图4为本发明的模拟输出的部分紫外地球显示效果图，其中，图4(a)为模拟输出的部分紫外地球显示效果图一，图4(b)为模拟输出的部分紫外地球显示效果图二。Figure 4 is a partial ultraviolet earth display effect diagram of the simulation output of the present invention. Figure 4(a) is a partial ultraviolet earth display effect diagram of the simulation output. Figure 4(b) is a partial ultraviolet earth display effect diagram of the simulation output. two.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本技术领域人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。需要说明的是，本实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本构想，实际实施中，可调整部件的规格、型号或数量，如：紫外显示器的型号及数量等，且其组件的布局也可能更加复杂。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. In actual implementation, the specifications, models or quantities of components can be adjusted, such as the model and quantity of ultraviolet displays, etc., and The layout of its components may also be more complex. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary people in the art without creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
本发明的一种紫外动态地球模拟器，包括：紫外地球模拟器头部、控制计算机、紫外地球模拟显示软件、导轨及调整机构。紫外地球模拟器头部由准直光学系统21、紫外显示器23、驱动电路25、紫外光源24、准直镜筒22及机壳26组成，准直光学系统21位于准直镜筒22内，驱动电路25、紫外光源24位于机壳26内，紫外显示器23位于准直光学系统21焦点附近最佳像面处，紫外光源24发出覆盖工作波段的紫外光，充满前方的紫外显示器23，通过准直光学系统21以平行光出射出紫外地球模拟器头部，为紫外地球敏感器提供一无穷远处的图像目标。An ultraviolet dynamic earth simulator of the present invention includes: an ultraviolet earth simulator head, a control computer, an ultraviolet earth simulation display software, a guide rail and an adjustment mechanism. The head of the UV earth simulator is composed of a collimating optical system 21, an ultraviolet display 23, a driving circuit 25, an ultraviolet light source 24, a collimating lens barrel 22 and a casing 26. The collimating optical system 21 is located in the collimating lens barrel 22, and the driver Circuit 25 and ultraviolet light source 24 are located in the casing 26. The ultraviolet display 23 is located at the best image plane near the focus of the collimating optical system 21. The ultraviolet light source 24 emits ultraviolet light covering the working band and fills the ultraviolet display 23 in front. Through collimation, The optical system 21 emits parallel light from the head of the ultraviolet earth simulator to provide an infinite distance image target for the ultraviolet earth sensor.
如图1所示，在进行系统半物理仿真实验时，首先通过水平方向的支架、导轨及调整机构保证紫外地球敏感器与紫外动态地球模拟器的相对位置精度。As shown in Figure 1, when performing a system semi-physical simulation experiment, the relative position accuracy of the UV earth sensor and the UV dynamic earth simulator is first ensured through the horizontal bracket, guide rail and adjustment mechanism.
卫星设定为地球同步静止卫星，紫外地球敏感器与地球表面的距离设定为36000km，卫星沿着赤道运行，卫星位置已知。The satellite is set as a geostationary satellite, the distance between the ultraviolet earth sensor and the earth's surface is set to 36,000km, the satellite runs along the equator, and the satellite position is known.
在有外部历元驱动工作模式下，紫外动态地球模拟器控制计算机中的紫外地球模拟显示软件可通过网络接口实时接收地测主控计算机输入的历元时刻信息，并根据该历元时刻在地球边缘紫外辐射亮度数据库中查询到相应的数据文件，将数据文件中的数据信息转换计算生成紫外地球模拟图像，模拟图像显示在模拟器头部的紫外显示器上，经准直光学系统汇聚后形成平行光供紫外地球敏感器接收使用。In the external epoch drive working mode, the UV earth simulation display software in the UV dynamic earth simulator control computer can receive the epoch time information input by the geodesk main control computer in real time through the network interface, and display the epoch time on the earth based on the epoch time. The corresponding data file is queried in the edge ultraviolet radiation brightness database, and the data information in the data file is converted and calculated to generate a UV Earth simulation image. The simulated image is displayed on the UV display on the head of the simulator, and is converged by the collimating optical system to form a parallel The light is received by the UV earth sensor.
在无外部历元驱动工作模式下，通过紫外动态地球模拟器控制计算机中的紫外地球模拟显示软件可直接在地球边缘紫外辐射亮度数据库中选择所需的数据文件，计算生成相应的紫外地球模拟图像，模拟图像同样显示在模拟器头部的紫外显示器上，经准直光学系统汇聚后形成平行光供紫外地球敏感器接收使用。In the working mode without external epoch drive, the UV Earth simulation display software in the computer controlled by the UV Dynamic Earth Simulator can directly select the required data file in the Earth's edge UV radiation brightness database, and calculate and generate the corresponding UV Earth simulation image. , the simulated image is also displayed on the UV display on the head of the simulator, and is converged by the collimating optical system to form parallel light for reception by the UV earth sensor.
在有外部历元驱动和无外部历元驱动两种工作模式下，均可进行单点图像循环输出、单天图像循环输出、全年图像循环输出三种细分工作模式。In both working modes, with and without external epoch drive, three subdivided working modes can be performed: single-point image cycle output, single-day image cycle output, and year-round image cycle output.
地球边缘紫外辐射亮度全年数据库由许多不同季节不同时段采集到的地球紫外光谱特性数据文件组成。每个数据文件中含有相对于观测点上下左右4个位置的临边点以及星下点、临边点和星下点间的中间点等重要观测点位，在紫外地球敏感器观测的球面区域共有17个观测点位，其位置布局见图3。The Earth's edge ultraviolet radiation brightness year-round database consists of many data files of the Earth's ultraviolet spectral characteristics collected at different times in different seasons. Each data file contains important observation points such as limb points at four positions above, below, left, and right relative to the observation point, as well as subsatellite points, midpoints between limb points, and subsatellite points. In the spherical area observed by the ultraviolet earth sensor There are a total of 17 observation points, and their location layout is shown in Figure 3.
紫外显示器分辨率为1920×1080，像元尺寸为8μm×8μm。The resolution of the UV display is 1920×1080, and the pixel size is 8μm×8μm.
紫外动态地球模拟器的工作波长范围为330nm～360nm。The working wavelength range of the UV Dynamic Earth Simulator is 330nm ~ 360nm.
紫外地球模拟图像主要生成流程：The main generation process of UV earth simulation images:
(1)根据地球紫外光谱特性数据建立数据库；(1) Establish a database based on the earth’s ultraviolet spectral characteristic data;
(2)将数据库中每个数据文件17个位置的相关信息转换为平面显示的图像位置及亮度信息；(2) Convert the relevant information of 17 positions of each data file in the database into image position and brightness information for flat display;
(3)通过已有17个位置点的位置及亮度信息，拟合出整个圆形区域内所有像素位置的亮度数据并存为图像文件；(3) Through the position and brightness information of the existing 17 position points, the brightness data of all pixel positions in the entire circular area are fitted and stored as an image file;
(4)根据需求在图像文件中添加背景星图；(4) Add a background star map to the image file as required;
(5)显示输出静态地球模拟图像或动态地球模拟图像。(5) Display and output static earth simulation images or dynamic earth simulation images.
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