CN114592794B - A tool for preventing horizontal well collapse and drill sticking and its use method - Google Patents
A tool for preventing horizontal well collapse and drill sticking and its use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114592794B CN114592794B CN202111637051.1A CN202111637051A CN114592794B CN 114592794 B CN114592794 B CN 114592794B CN 202111637051 A CN202111637051 A CN 202111637051A CN 114592794 B CN114592794 B CN 114592794B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000032369 Primary transmission Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 208000032370 Secondary transmission Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of horizontal drilling, in particular to a tool for preventing horizontal well collapse from sticking and a use method thereof, comprising a lower shell, an upper shell, a power device, a transmission shaft and at least one group of crushing devices; each group of crushing devices comprises a transmission gear and two crushing gears meshed with the transmission gear at the same time, crushing teeth are arranged on the periphery of the crushing gears, a plurality of crushing teeth are embedded in the periphery of a lower shell, mounting cavities are further arranged on the lower shell respectively, the transmission gear is connected with a transmission shaft, the lower shell is in a reducing shape along the direction from the lower shell to an upper shell and comprises an outer expansion section and a retraction section, the mounting cavities are positioned on the outer expansion section, the rock falling blocks are crushed into small sizes by the circumferential force of the crushing teeth and the rotary extrusion force between the crushing gears, and the crushed rock falling blocks smoothly pass through a rotary guiding tool with larger radial size through a borehole annulus. Through the tool and the use method thereof, the problem of rock block dropping and drill sticking can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of horizontal drilling, in particular to a tool for preventing horizontal well collapse from sticking and a using method thereof.
Background
The horizontal drilling technology is one of core technologies for shale gas development, is widely applied to shale gas development drilling due to large single well quantity and long production period, and is easy to cause rock falling after well wall instability is caused to a certain depth due to the characteristic of fragility of shale, so that conditions such as high friction resistance, torque, drilling sticking, drilling difficulty and the like are easily caused under the condition.
In the prior art, a Chinese invention patent document with publication number of CN107387003A and publication date of 2017, 11, 24 is provided to solve the above technical problems, and the technical scheme disclosed in the patent document is as follows: A pulse jet valve for preventing drill sticking of rock cuttings in a well belongs to the technical field of downhole tools for petroleum drilling and production. The valve wheel is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft, the impeller is arranged on the rotating shaft between the valve wheel and the upper bearing seat as well as between the valve wheel and the lower bearing seat, and bypass holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the outer shell corresponding to the valve wheel.
Although the above-mentioned technical scheme utilizes the pulse jet to improve the migration efficiency and the borehole cleanliness of rock falling blocks in the horizontal well annulus to a certain extent. However, in the drilling construction process at present, although the circulation displacement is increased in the stratum which is easy to generate the rock falling blocks and is used for ensuring that the rock falling blocks timely return to the wellhead, the on-site drilling fluid displacement is limited to adjust, a rotary guiding tool is often used for horizontal well drilling, the radial size of the rotary guiding tool is larger, the large-size rock falling blocks are not easy to pass through the annular space of the well hole at the position, the rock falling blocks and rock fragments are deposited at the front end of the rotary guiding tool, and finally the rock falling block clamping accident is evolved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a tool for preventing horizontal well collapse and drill sticking and a use method thereof, wherein the size of the tool is reduced by breaking rock falling blocks, the broken small-size rock falling blocks are carried out of a wellhead by drilling fluid, the borehole cleanliness is improved, and the problem of rock falling block and drill sticking can be effectively solved.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
A tool for preventing horizontal well from collapsing and blocking is characterized by comprising a lower shell, an upper shell, a power device, a transmission shaft and at least one group of crushing devices, wherein one end of the lower shell is connected with a drill bit, one end of the upper shell is connected with a rotary guiding tool, each group of crushing devices comprises a transmission gear and two crushing gears meshed with the transmission gear at the same time, crushing teeth are arranged on the periphery of each crushing gear, a plurality of crushing teeth are distributed and embedded on the periphery of the lower shell, mounting cavities for mounting the crushing gears are further arranged on the lower shell respectively, the transmission gears are connected with the transmission shaft, the power device drives the transmission shaft and the transmission gears to rotate, the two crushing gears of the same group are further driven to mutually rotate to squeeze and grind rock to drop blocks, and the lower shell is in a variable-diameter shape along the direction from the lower shell to the upper shell and comprises an outer expansion section and a retraction section, and the mounting cavities are positioned on the outer expansion section.
Wherein a set of crushing devices is located between the flaring and retraction segments.
Along the direction from the lower shell to the upper shell, the outer diameter of the transmission gear is sequentially reduced, and the outer diameter of the crushing gear is sequentially increased.
The power device comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator and the rotor are a pair of conjugate space geometric bodies, a sealing cavity is formed in the mutual engagement, the inner wall surface of the upper shell is contacted with the stator, and a first step surface for axially positioning the stator is formed on the upper shell.
The drilling fluid sealing device comprises a drilling fluid inlet, a drilling fluid outlet, a valve body, a valve core, a spring and an inclined jet hole, and is characterized by further comprising a jet device, wherein the jet device comprises a triangular rotor, a drilling fluid inlet and a plurality of unidirectional jet valves which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the unidirectional jet valves comprise the valve body, the valve core, the spring and the inclined jet hole, the triangular rotor is connected with the rotor and forms a drilling fluid sealing cavity with an upper shell, and the volume of the drilling fluid sealing cavity is periodically changed by rotating the triangular rotor.
The drilling fluid connecting device is characterized by further comprising a connecting shaft, wherein a drilling fluid through hole and a sealing ring groove are formed in the connecting shaft, one end of the connecting shaft is connected with the transmission shaft, and the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the rotor.
A connecting shell is further arranged between the lower shell and the upper shell, and a groove is further formed in one end, close to the lower shell, of the connecting shell and is used for placing a sealing ring.
The bearing is further arranged on the transmission shaft, a second step surface for installing the bearing is arranged on the transmission shaft, a third step surface for axially positioning the bearing is arranged in the upper shell, and a fourth step surface for positioning the bearing is arranged on the connecting shell.
The crushing gear is a conical gear, and transmission teeth meshed with the crushing teeth are arranged on two sides of the transmission gear.
The application method of the tool for preventing the horizontal well from collapsing and sticking is characterized in that two ends of the tool are respectively connected with a rotary guiding tool and a drill bit, a power device drives a transmission shaft to rotate, and a transmission gear is respectively meshed with a crushing gear to transmit power; in the drilling process, the lower shell rotates along with the lower shell, the rock falling blocks are broken step by step due to the fact that the lower shell is in a variable diameter shape in the process of moving the rock falling blocks to the upper shell, the rock falling blocks are broken into small sizes by the circumferential force of the breaking teeth and the rotary extrusion force between the breaking gears, the broken rock falling blocks smoothly pass through a rotary guiding tool with larger radial size through a well hole annulus, meanwhile, drilling fluid enters a drilling fluid sealing cavity through a drilling fluid inlet, the volume of the drilling fluid sealing cavity is periodically changed under the drive of a triangular rotor, the drilling fluid is pressed into a one-way jet valve to form pulse jet flow, and the broken rock leaves the well hole annulus under the action of the pulse jet flow.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the tool and the using method of the tool, rock falling blocks generated by the drill bit part can be effectively crushed by utilizing the crushing teeth and the crushing gears, the crushing efficiency of the rock falling blocks in the horizontal well annulus is improved, the size of the rock falling blocks is reduced after being crushed, and the rock falling blocks can be effectively guided to the tool through rotation with larger radial size, so that the rock falling block blocking accidents are prevented.
Wherein, rock falls the piece by the in-process of casing motion to last casing down, owing to the casing is reducing form down for the surface of casing is the inclined plane down, the installation cavity all is located outer expansion section, makes rock fall the piece and can be broken step by step, and is broken many times, and the powerful circumference of crushing tooth is powerful and rotatory extrusion force combined action between the broken gear falls the broken effect of piece better with rock. And only when the rock falling block size after the breakage is less than the setting size, the setting size is the interval between broken gear and the wall of a well, and the rock falling block side can pass through this breaker for the breakage of rock falling block is more thorough, also more accurate.
2. One group of crushing devices are positioned between the expanding section and the retracting section, so that the crushing effect of the crushing devices is better, and the maximum size of the crushed rock falling blocks can be controlled better.
3. Along the direction of lower casing to last casing, the external diameter of broken gear grow in proper order, and the transmission shaft rotates one round, and little external diameter broken gear compares big external diameter broken gear pivoted number of turns many, and broken gear's drilling rate reduces in proper order along with broken gear external diameter's increase for broken gear initial broken rock falls the effect better.
4. The hydraulic impact wave energy is utilized to greatly enhance the displacement of the rock falling blocks in the well eye ring, the detention time of the rock falling blocks in the well eye ring is reduced, the drilling sticking accident can be effectively prevented, the drilling efficiency is obviously improved, the borehole cleanliness is improved, and the service life of the drilling tool is prolonged.
5. The tool converts liquid energy into kinetic energy through the power device, can provide larger crushing force to actively crush rock to fall blocks, and in the drilling process, the drilling tool drives crushing teeth, the transmission shaft drives the crushing gear, and the two are convenient and efficient to act simultaneously.
6. The installation and the use of the bearing can support the transmission shaft, reduce the friction coefficient in the motion process and ensure the rotation precision.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and detailed description, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the one-way jet valve of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower housing of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connecting shaft according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the overall crushing of the present invention (wherein L represents the size of the rock fall crushing specification);
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of crushing of the crushing gear of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a crushing gear of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a transmission gear of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic elevational view of a transmission gear of the present invention;
the marks in the figure:
1. The drilling fluid drilling device comprises a lower shell, 2, crushing teeth, 3, a primary crushing gear, 4, a secondary crushing gear, 5, a tertiary crushing gear, 6, a flat key, 7, a connecting shell, 8, a deep groove ball bearing, 9, a drilling fluid through hole, 10, a one-way jet valve, 11, a stator, 12, a rotor, 13, an upper connecting screw thread, 14, an upper shell, 15, a triangular rotor, 16, a connecting shaft, 17, a sealing ring, 18, a tertiary transmission gear, 19, a secondary transmission gear, 20, a primary transmission gear, 21, a transmission shaft, 22, a lower connecting screw thread, 23, a well wall, 24, a rock falling block, 1a, a first mounting cavity, 1b, a second mounting cavity, 1c, a third mounting cavity, 3a, a crushing teeth, 3b, a contact end face, 10a, a spring, 10b, a valve body, 10c, a jet hole, 10d, a valve core, 14a, an internal screw thread, 14b, a sealing ring groove, 14c, external screw thread, 15a, a connecting key hole, 15b, a fluid inlet, 15c, a drilling fluid sealing well cavity, 15d, a drilling fluid outlet, 18b, a transmission tooth and teeth.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As a basic embodiment of the invention, the invention comprises a tool for preventing horizontal well collapse from sticking, comprising a lower housing 1, an upper housing 14, a power unit, a transmission shaft 21 and a set of crushing units. One end of the lower shell 1 is connected with a drill bit, and one end of the upper shell 14 is connected with a rotary guiding tool. Each group of crushing devices comprises a transmission gear and two crushing gears meshed with the transmission gear at the same time, and crushing teeth 3a are arranged on the periphery of the crushing gears. The periphery of the lower shell 1 is distributed and embedded with a plurality of crushing teeth 2, and the lower shell 1 is also respectively provided with a mounting cavity for mounting the crushing gears. The transmission gear is connected with the transmission shaft 21, and the power device can be a motor, drives the transmission shaft 21 and the transmission gear to rotate, and further drives the two crushing gears in the same group to mutually rotate to squeeze and grind the rock falling blocks 24. Along the direction from the lower shell 1 to the upper shell 14, the lower shell 1 is in a variable-diameter shape and comprises an outer expansion section and a retraction section, the installation cavities are all positioned on the outer expansion section, the minimum distance between the outer expansion section and the well wall 23, namely the breaking of the rock falling blocks 24 is the specified size, and the minimum distance is also the maximum size after the breaking of the rock falling blocks 24, and the maximum size of the rock falling blocks 24 can be controlled by controlling the breaking specified size, so that the rock falling blocks 24 are prevented from being blocked at the maximum radial size of the rotary guiding tool.
Example 2
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes a tool for preventing a horizontal well from being stuck due to collapse, comprising a lower casing 1, an upper casing 14, a power device, a transmission shaft 21, a jet device and two sets of crushing devices. One end of the lower shell 1 is connected with a drill bit, and one end of the upper shell 14 is connected with a rotary guiding tool. The power device comprises a stator 11 and a rotor 12, wherein the stator 11 and the rotor 12 are a pair of conjugate space geometric bodies, and a sealing cavity is formed in the mutual engagement.
Each group of crushing devices comprises a transmission gear and two crushing gears meshed with the transmission gear simultaneously. The crushing gear is a conical gear, crushing teeth 3a are arranged on the periphery of the crushing gear, and transmission teeth 18b meshed with the crushing teeth 3a are arranged on both sides of the transmission gear.
The periphery of the lower shell 1 is distributed and embedded with a plurality of crushing teeth 2, and the lower shell 1 is also respectively provided with a mounting cavity for mounting the crushing gears. The transmission gear is connected with the transmission shaft 21, and the power device drives the transmission shaft 21 and the transmission gear to rotate and further drives the two crushing gears in the same group to mutually rotate so as to squeeze and grind the rock falling blocks 24. Along the direction from the lower shell 1 to the upper shell 14, the lower shell 1 is in a reducing shape and comprises an outer expansion section and a retraction section, the installation cavity is positioned on the outer expansion section, and two groups of crushing gears are sequentially arranged on the outer expansion section at intervals.
The jet device comprises a triangular rotor 15 and a plurality of unidirectional jet valves 10 which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. The one-way jet valve 10 includes a valve body 10b, a valve core 10d, a spring 10a, and a diagonal jet hole 10c. The triangular rotor 15 is connected with the rotor 12 and forms a drilling fluid sealing cavity 15c with the upper shell 14, and the triangular rotor 15 rotates to periodically change the volume of the drilling fluid sealing cavity 15 c. When the drilling fluid pressure is greater than the set threshold value of the spring 10a, the drilling fluid forms jet flow through the inclined jet hole 10c, and the valve core 10d is periodically opened and closed to form pulse jet flow.
Example 3
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes a tool for preventing a horizontal well from being stuck due to collapse, comprising a lower casing 1, an upper casing 14, a power unit, a transmission shaft 21, and four sets of crushing units. One end of the lower shell 1 is connected with a drill bit, and one end of the upper shell 14 is connected with a rotary guiding tool.
Each group of crushing devices comprises a transmission gear and two crushing gears meshed with the transmission gear at the same time, and crushing teeth 3a are arranged on the periphery of the crushing gears. The periphery of the lower shell 1 is distributed and embedded with a plurality of crushing teeth 2, and the lower shell 1 is also respectively provided with a mounting cavity for mounting the crushing gears. The transmission gear is connected with the transmission shaft 21, and the power device drives the transmission shaft 21 and the transmission gear to rotate and further drives the two crushing gears in the same group to mutually rotate so as to squeeze and grind the rock falling blocks 24.
Along the direction from the lower shell 1 to the upper shell 14, the lower shell 1 is in a reducing shape and comprises an outer expanding section and a retracting section, the mounting cavities are all positioned on the outer expanding section, the outer diameter of the transmission gear is sequentially reduced, and the outer diameter of the crushing gear is sequentially increased. The four sets of crushing gears are spaced from the borehole wall 23 less and less in the direction from the lower housing 1 to the upper housing 14, and when one set of crushing devices is positioned between the expansion section and the retraction section, the space between the crushing gears and the borehole wall 23 is minimized, and the space is the size of the rock fall 24 to be crushed.
Example 4
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings, the present invention comprises a tool for preventing a horizontal well from being stuck in a collapse, comprising a housing part, a power device, a connecting shaft 16, a transmission shaft 21, crushing teeth 2, a bearing, a sealing ring 17, a flat key 6, a triangular rotor 15, a jet device and three groups of crushing devices. The shell part comprises an upper shell 14, a lower shell 1 and a connecting shell 7, wherein threads are arranged at two ends of the connecting shell 7 and used for connecting the upper shell 14 and the lower shell 1, a fourth step surface is arranged on the connecting shell 7 and used for positioning a deep groove ball bearing 8, and a groove is formed at one end, close to the lower shell 1, for placing a sealing ring 17.
The power device comprises a stator 11 and a rotor 12, wherein the stator 11 and the rotor 12 are a pair of conjugate space geometric bodies, and a sealing cavity is formed in the mutual engagement. The rotor 12 is a screw, referring to fig. 5 of the specification, one end of the connecting shaft 16 is provided with an internal thread 14a and connected with the transmission shaft 21, and the other end is provided with an external thread 14c and connected with the rotor 12. The connecting shaft 16 is provided with a drilling fluid through hole 9 for circulating drilling fluid, and the connecting shaft 16 is provided with a sealing ring groove 14b.
The inner wall surface of the upper shell 14 contacts with the stator 11, a first step surface is formed to realize the axial positioning of the stator 11, and a third step surface for axial positioning of the bearing is arranged inside the upper shell 14. An upper connecting screw 13 is provided at one end of the upper housing 14 for connection with a rotary guiding tool.
Referring to fig. 8-10 of the specification, each group of crushing devices comprises a transmission gear and two crushing gears meshed with the transmission gear simultaneously. The crushing gear is a conical gear, and crushing teeth 3a are arranged on the periphery of the crushing gear. The drive teeth 18b which are engaged with the broken teeth 3a are provided on both sides of the drive gear. In this embodiment, the crushing device specifically includes a primary crushing gear 3, a secondary crushing gear 4, a tertiary crushing gear 5, a tertiary transmission gear 18, a secondary transmission gear 19 and a primary transmission gear 20. The contact end surface 3b of the primary crushing gear 3 is contacted with the lower shell 1, the crushing teeth 3a and the transmission teeth 18b are meshed with each other to realize transmission, and the contact and transmission of the secondary crushing gear 4 and the tertiary crushing gear 5 are the same as those of the primary crushing gear 3.
The position of a transmission shaft 21 corresponding to the transmission gear is provided with a key slot, the transmission gear is provided with a key opening 18a, and the transmission shaft 21 is connected with a primary transmission gear 20, a secondary transmission gear 19 and a tertiary transmission gear 18 through a flat key 6. The contact surface of the transmission shaft 21 and the lower housing 1 is provided with grooves for mounting the sealing rings 17. The bearing may be a deep groove ball bearing 8, and the drive shaft 21 is provided with a second step surface for mounting the deep groove ball bearing 8.
Referring to fig. 4 of the specification, the two ends of the lower shell 1 are provided with threads, one end of the lower shell is connected with a drill bit through a lower connecting thread 22, and the other end of the lower shell is connected with the connecting shell 7. The lower shell 1 is in a reducing shape along the direction from the lower shell 1 to the upper shell 14, and comprises an outer expanding section and a retracting section. The periphery of the lower shell 1 is distributed and embedded with crushing teeth 2, and the outer expansion section is sequentially provided with mounting cavities for placing crushing gears, and the outer expansion section specifically comprises a first mounting cavity 1a, a second mounting cavity 1b and a third mounting cavity 1c which are respectively used for mounting a primary crushing gear 3, a secondary crushing gear 4 and a tertiary crushing gear 5. The outer diameters of the primary crushing gear 3, the secondary crushing gear 4 and the tertiary crushing gear 5 are sequentially increased along the direction from the lower shell 1 to the upper shell 14 according to the sizes of the crushing gears, and the outer diameters of the primary transmission gear 20, the secondary transmission gear 19 and the tertiary transmission gear 18 are sequentially decreased. The tertiary crushing gear 5 may be located between the flaring and retraction sections such that the spacing between the tertiary crushing gear 5 and the borehole wall 23 is minimized, which is also the size L of the rock fall 24 crushing specification beyond which no pass through the crushing apparatus is possible.
Referring to fig. 2 of the specification and fig. 3 of the specification, the fluid jet device includes a triangular rotor 15, a drilling fluid inlet 15b, a drilling fluid outlet 15d, and four unidirectional fluid jet valves 10 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. The triangular rotor 15 is connected with the rotor 12 through a connecting key hole 15a, forms a drilling fluid sealing cavity 15c with the upper shell 14, and the triangular rotor 15 rotates to periodically change the volume of the drilling fluid sealing cavity 15 c. The one-way jet valve 10 comprises a valve body 10b, a valve core 10d, a spring 10a and an inclined jet hole 10c, when the drilling fluid pressure is greater than a set threshold value of the spring 10a, the drilling fluid forms jet flow through the jet hole 10c, and the valve core 10d is periodically opened and closed to form pulse jet flow.
When the tool is used, the tool is connected with the rotary guiding tool through the upper connecting screw thread 13 and is connected with the drill bit through the lower connecting screw thread 22, when drilling fluid flows into the tool through the rotary guiding tool, the rotor 12 rotates around the stator 11 by virtue of the axial line due to pressure difference, the drilling fluid enters the connecting shaft 16 through the drilling fluid through hole 9 after passing through the stator 11 and the rotor 12, finally reaches the drill bit part along the inside of the transmission shaft 21, the rotor 12 rotates to drive the connecting shaft 16, the connecting shaft 16 is connected with the transmission shaft 21 through the screw thread, the transmission shaft 21 is connected with the primary transmission gear 20, the primary transmission gear 20 and the primary transmission gear 20 through the flat key 6, and the tertiary transmission gear 18, the secondary transmission gear 19 and the primary transmission gear 20 are respectively meshed with the corresponding primary crushing gear 3, the secondary crushing gear 4 and the tertiary crushing gear 5 to transmit power, and referring to fig. 7 of the specification, the primary crushing gear 3, the secondary crushing gear 4 and the tertiary crushing gear 5 are used for crushing rock blocks 24 through the crushing teeth 3 a. In the drilling process, the lower shell 1 rotates along with the lower shell, the crushing teeth 2 arranged on the lower shell 1 rotate to crush the rock falling blocks 24, and in the process that the rock falling blocks 24 move from the lower shell 1 to the upper shell 14, as the lower shell 1 is of a variable diameter, the tool is provided with an inclined plane, and referring to the attached figure 6 of the specification, the rock falling blocks 24 are crushed step by step, the strong circumferential force of the crushing teeth 2 and the rotary extrusion force among the primary crushing gear 3, the secondary crushing gear 4 and the tertiary crushing gear 5 crush the rock falling blocks 24 into small sizes, the crushed rock falling blocks 24 can smoothly pass through a rotary guiding tool with larger radial sizes through a borehole annulus, drilling fluid enters a drilling fluid sealing cavity 15c through a drilling fluid inlet 15b, the volume is periodically changed under the driving of a triangular rotor 15, the drilling fluid is pressed into a one-way jet valve 10 to form pulse jet, and the crushed rock falling blocks 24 rapidly leave the borehole annulus under the action of the pulse jet, so that the purposes of improving the moving speed and the borehole cleanliness of the rock falling blocks 24 in the horizontal well annulus are achieved, and the occurrence of accidents can be effectively prevented.
In view of the foregoing, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, after reading the present specification, various other modifications can be made in accordance with the technical scheme and concepts of the present invention without the need for creative mental efforts, and the modifications are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A tool for preventing horizontal well collapse from being stuck is characterized by comprising a lower shell (1), an upper shell (14), a power device, a transmission shaft (21) and at least one group of crushing devices, wherein one end of the lower shell (1) is connected with a drill bit, one end of the upper shell (14) is connected with a rotary guiding tool, each group of crushing devices comprises a transmission gear and two crushing gears meshed with the transmission gear at the same time, crushing teeth (3 a) are arranged on the periphery of each crushing gear, a plurality of crushing teeth (2) are distributed and embedded on the periphery of the lower shell (1), mounting cavities for mounting the crushing gears are respectively arranged on the lower shell (1), the transmission gears are connected with the transmission shaft (21), the power device drives the transmission shaft (21) and the transmission gears to rotate, the two crushing gears of the same group are further driven to mutually rotate to squeeze rock to drop blocks (24), and the lower shell (1) is in a variable diameter shape and comprises an outer expansion section and a retraction section along the direction from the lower shell (1) to the upper shell (14).
2. A tool for preventing collapse of a horizontal well from sticking as set forth in claim 1 wherein a set of crushing means is located between the flaring and retraction sections.
3. A tool for preventing a horizontal well from being stuck due to collapse according to claim 2, wherein the outer diameter of the transmission gear is sequentially smaller and the outer diameter of the crushing gear is sequentially larger in the direction from the lower housing (1) to the upper housing (14).
4. A tool for preventing a horizontal well from collapsing and sticking as set forth in claim 3, wherein the power device comprises a stator (11) and a rotor (12), the stator (11) and the rotor (12) are a pair of conjugate space geometric bodies, a sealing cavity is formed in mutual engagement, the inner wall surface of the upper shell (14) is in contact with the stator (11), and a first step surface for axially positioning the stator (11) is formed on the upper shell (14).
5. The tool for preventing horizontal well collapse from sticking according to claim 4, further comprising a jet device, wherein the jet device comprises a triangular rotor (15), a drilling fluid inlet (15 b) and a plurality of one-way jet valves (10) arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the one-way jet valves (10) comprise a valve body (10 b), a valve core (10 d), a spring (10 a) and inclined jet holes (10 c), the triangular rotor (15) is connected with the rotor (12) and forms a drilling fluid sealing cavity (15 c) with the upper shell (14), and the triangular rotor (15) rotates to periodically change the volume of the drilling fluid sealing cavity (15 c).
6. The tool for preventing horizontal well collapse from being stuck according to claim 4, further comprising a connecting shaft (16), wherein the connecting shaft (16) is provided with a drilling fluid through hole (9) and a sealing ring groove (14 b), one end of the connecting shaft (16) is connected with a transmission shaft (21), and the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with a rotor (12).
7. The tool for preventing horizontal well collapse from being stuck according to claim 1, wherein a connecting shell (7) is further arranged between the lower shell (1) and the upper shell (14), and a groove is further formed in one end, close to the lower shell (1), of the connecting shell (7) for placing a sealing ring (17).
8. The tool for preventing horizontal well collapse from being stuck according to claim 1, further comprising a bearing, wherein a second step surface for installing the bearing is arranged on the transmission shaft (21), a third step surface for axially positioning the bearing is arranged inside the upper shell (14), and a fourth step surface for positioning the bearing is arranged on the connecting shell (7).
9. A tool for preventing a horizontal well from collapsing and sticking as set forth in claim 1, wherein the crushing gear is a conical gear, and the transmission gear is provided with transmission teeth (18 b) engaged with the crushing teeth (3 a) on both sides thereof.
10. The method according to claim 5, wherein the two ends of the tool are respectively connected with the rotary guiding tool and the drill bit, the power device drives the transmission shaft (21) to rotate, the transmission gear is meshed with the crushing gear to transmit power, during the drilling process, the lower shell (1) rotates along with the transmission shaft, the rock falling blocks (24) move from the lower shell (1) to the upper shell (14), the rock falling blocks (24) are crushed step by step due to the variable diameter of the lower shell (1), the rock falling blocks (24) are crushed into small sizes by the circumferential force of the crushing teeth (2) and the rotary extrusion force between the crushing gears, the crushed rock falling blocks (24) smoothly pass through the rotary guiding tool with larger radial size through the borehole annulus, meanwhile, drilling fluid enters the drilling fluid sealing cavity (15 c) through the drilling fluid inlet (15 b), the volume of the drilling fluid sealing cavity (15 c) periodically changes under the driving of the triangular rotor (15), the hydraulic pressure enters the one-way jet valve (10) to form pulse jet flow, and the rock is separated from the borehole annulus under the action of the pulse jet flow.
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| CN107120064A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-09-01 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of horizontal well jet send drill tools |
| CN108222816A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-06-29 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of continuous jarring formula horizontal well send drill tools |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2295463C (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2008-04-29 | William N. Patterson | Hydraulic in-the-hole percussion rock drill |
| CN200949423Y (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-09-19 | 中国石化集团中原石油勘探局钻井工程技术研究院 | Hydraulic reduced drilling tool stabilizer |
| AU2019279892B2 (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2024-09-12 | Quanta Associates, L.P. | Horizontal directional reaming |
| CN209324342U (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-08-30 | 王之永 | A kind of efficient coalcutter |
| CN109653691B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2024-01-26 | 西南石油大学 | Hydraulic and mechanical compound controllable rock debris bed cleaning tool |
| CN111502547B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-06-11 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Jet flow adjusting method for rotary guide downhole unfreezing |
| CN113153168A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-23 | 中石化江钻石油机械有限公司 | Breaking device and drilling tool for falling blocks while drilling |
| CN113513262B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2024-01-26 | 山西蓝焰煤层气工程研究有限责任公司 | Horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107120064A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-09-01 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of horizontal well jet send drill tools |
| CN108222816A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-06-29 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of continuous jarring formula horizontal well send drill tools |
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