CN114571016B - Precise electrolytic machining method for titanium alloy artificial joint - Google Patents
Precise electrolytic machining method for titanium alloy artificial joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN114571016B CN114571016B CN202210347621.1A CN202210347621A CN114571016B CN 114571016 B CN114571016 B CN 114571016B CN 202210347621 A CN202210347621 A CN 202210347621A CN 114571016 B CN114571016 B CN 114571016B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a precision electrolytic machining method for a titanium alloy artificial joint, which relates to the technical field of precision electrolytic machining and comprises the following steps: electrode selection, pretreatment before processing, test piece installation, electrolytic processing, and unloading after finishing the processing. According to the invention, the reversing electrolysis mechanism and the tool cathode are arranged on the electrolysis tank, and are matched with the bracket for orienting the artificial joint test piece, the output end of the driving motor drives the rotating rod to rotate, and the pulley, the slip ring and the rotating shaft drive the first tooth-missing gear and the second tooth-missing gear to reversely and reciprocally rotate, so that a low-temperature electrolysis stretching head is realized in a staggered electrolysis mode, the root pitting phenomenon of the embedding head part caused by high heat is avoided, and the problems of short circuit, poor processing quality and the like are also easy to occur; the precipitated impurities generated and separated in the electrolysis process are intermittently cleaned from the collecting tank in the middle of the electrolytic tank, the electrolyte is not required to be circularly supplied, the cost is saved, and the electrolytic environment in the electrolytic tank can be kept clean.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precision electrolytic machining, in particular to a precision electrolytic machining method for a titanium alloy artificial joint.
Background
The titanium alloy has the advantages of high strength, light weight, good corrosion resistance, good compatibility with human tissues and the like, and is widely applied to the field of biomedical implant intervention bodies. The electrolytic machining is used as a non-contact machining mode, has the advantages of good machining surface quality, high production efficiency, no tool loss, no cutting stress and the like, provides an effective machining method for titanium alloy machining, and generally carries out precision machining on a rough machined artificial joint blank by directly using two oppositely arranged vibrating cathode tool electrodes and matching with continuous supply of electrolyte.
However, in the long-term processing process by adopting the prior art, certain defects are found to exist: 1. because the electrolytic processing is an exothermic reaction, the processing current is extremely high, and the thermal conductivity of the titanium alloy is poor, the heat generated in the processing process is difficult to release effectively, the artificial joint is more firmly connected with human bone, an obliquely arranged embedding head is also matched on the basis of medical bone cement, and the root pitting phenomenon often occurs at the embedding head part during processing, and the problems of short circuit, poor processing quality and the like are also easy to occur; 2. the electrolyte is continuously supplied to finish precise electrolytic machining and is also used for flushing away the detached impurities generated in the electrolytic process, but the mode can not realize the cyclic utilization of the electrolyte, and the waste is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a precise electrolytic machining method for a titanium alloy artificial joint, which aims to solve the defects caused by the prior art.
A precise electrolytic machining method of a titanium alloy artificial joint comprises the following steps:
s1: electrode selection: selecting an adaptive tool cathode according to the specification of an artificial joint test piece to be precisely machined, wherein the tool cathode comprises an inner cathode and an outer cathode;
s2: pretreatment before processing: checking whether the surface of the artificial joint test piece subjected to preliminary rough machining has a convex or concave part or not, and respectively performing primary cleaning on the surface of the artificial joint test piece, the inner cathode and the outer cathode by adopting absolute ethyl alcohol after the checking is finished;
s3: and (3) test piece installation: the method comprises the steps that an artificial joint test piece to be precisely machined is mounted on a bracket arranged in an electrolytic tank, a bifurcation structure at the lower end of the artificial joint test piece after mounting is kept firm on the bracket, a reversing electrolytic mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the electrolytic tank, and an inner cathode and an outer cathode are respectively detachably mounted on the reversing electrolytic mechanism;
s4: electrolytic machining: electrolyte is injected into the electrolytic tank, and the inner cathode and the outer cathode are controlled to swing back and forth through the reversing electrolytic mechanism, so that the inner side and the outer side of the artificial joint test piece are respectively subjected to precise electrolytic machining;
s5: and (5) after the processing is finished, discharging.
Preferably, the artificial joint test piece is in a circular arc-shaped bifurcation structure, and two symmetrically arranged embedding heads are fixed on the surface of the recess of the artificial joint test piece.
Preferably, the reversing electrolysis mechanism comprises a driving motor, a rotating rod, a scraping plate and a swinging piece, wherein the driving motor is arranged on a mounting frame, one end of the rotating rod is connected to the output end of the driving motor, the other end of the rotating rod is provided with a pulley, a sliding ring is arranged on the pulley in a sliding manner, the lower end of the sliding ring is fixedly connected with a bevel-shaped tooth-missing gear I, the side end of the tooth-missing gear I is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft penetrates through the mounting frame and is fixedly connected with a tooth-missing gear II, racks are meshed on the tooth-missing gear I and the tooth-missing gear II, the scraping plate is fixedly connected with the two ends of the racks respectively, a pushing part is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft, a connecting shaft is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the mounting frame, the swinging piece is rotationally arranged in the middle of the connecting shaft, the upper end of the swinging piece is provided with a sliding groove, and the lower end of the pushing part is limited and is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and the tool cathode is detachably arranged at the lower end of the swinging piece.
Preferably, the inner cathode and the outer cathode are respectively detachably mounted on two sides of the lower end of the swinging piece and respectively correspond to the concave surface and the convex surface of the artificial joint test piece, the inner cathode is of a layered cylinder structure, the inner layer of the inner cathode is of a hollow cylinder shape, a guide cylinder is arranged in the inner cathode in a rotating mode, two opposite corresponding electrolysis stretching heads are arranged in the guide cylinder in a sliding mode, expansion microspheres are filled at the side ends of the electrolysis stretching heads in the guide cylinder, unidirectional limiting protrusions are arranged on the outer side of the guide cylinder, the outer layer of the inner cathode is of a semi-cylindrical cavity shape, a counterweight part is arranged in the inner cathode in a sliding mode, and the counterweight part is arranged on the inner layer of the inner cathode in the sliding mode.
Preferably, the scraper is matched with the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic tank.
Preferably, the counterweight part is arranged at the outer side of the inner cathode and has a spherical structure, and the counterweight part is matched with the unidirectional limiting protrusion at the inner layer of the inner cathode.
Preferably, the working end of the electrolytic extension head is matched with the embedding head.
Preferably, the outer cathode is in a side surrounding shape and is matched with the outer side of the artificial joint test piece.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The electrolysis device is characterized in that a reversing electrolysis mechanism and a tool cathode are arranged on an electrolysis tank, a bracket for orienting an artificial joint test piece is matched, the output end of a driving motor drives a rotating rod to rotate, a first tooth-missing gear and a second tooth-missing gear are driven by pulleys, a slip ring and a rotating shaft to reversely reciprocate, the lower end of a pushing part pushes the inner cathode at the lower end of a swinging part to turn over and approach to the surface of a concave of the artificial joint test piece, the working end of an electrolysis expansion head can stretch into the root of an embedding head for synchronous electrolysis, the high temperature generated in the electrolytic processing process is conducted to an expansion microsphere in a guide cylinder through the inner layer of the inner cathode, the expansion process pushes the electrolysis expansion head to slowly separate from the root of the embedding head, so that the electrolysis expansion head automatically and outwards separates from the embedding head along with the change of the temperature in the electrolytic processing process, the unidirectional limiting bulge is matched, the guide cylinder is oriented to turn over by the low-temperature electrolysis expansion head in a staggered electrolysis mode, and the problems of root point corrosion at the embedding head part due to high heat are avoided, short circuit, poor processing quality and the like are easy to occur;
(2) The first tooth-lacking gear and the second tooth-lacking gear respectively drive two corresponding racks to move in opposite directions or in opposite directions so as to drive the two scraping plates at the lower end to scrape the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic tank in a reciprocating manner, so that precipitated impurities generated and separated in the electrolytic process are intermittently cleaned from a collecting tank in the middle of the electrolytic tank, the circulating supply of electrolyte is not needed, the cost is saved, and the electrolytic environment in the electrolytic tank can be kept clean.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the structure of the device used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the reversing electrolytic mechanism in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of the inside cathode in the turned-down state in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of the inside cathode in the turned-up state in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an artificial joint specimen according to the present invention.
The device comprises a 1-artificial joint test piece, an 11-embedded head, a 2-tool cathode, a 21-inner cathode, a 22-outer cathode, a 3-electrolytic cell, a 4-bracket, a 5-reversing electrolytic mechanism, a 501-driving motor, a 502-rotating rod, a 503-scraping plate, a 504-swinging piece, a 505-pulley, a 506-slip ring, a 507-tooth-missing gear I, a 508-rotating shaft, a 509-tooth-missing gear II, a 510-rack, a 511-pushing part, a 512-connecting shaft, a 513-sliding groove, a 211-guiding cylinder, a 212-electrolytic telescopic head, 213-expansion microspheres, 214-one-way limiting protrusions and 215-weight parts.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a precision electrolytic machining method for a titanium alloy artificial joint comprises the following steps:
s1: electrode selection: selecting an adaptive tool cathode 2 according to the specification of an artificial joint test piece 1 to be precisely machined, wherein the tool cathode 2 comprises an inner cathode 21 and an outer cathode 22;
s2: pretreatment before processing: checking whether the surface of the artificial joint test piece 1 subjected to preliminary rough machining has a convex or concave part or not, and respectively performing primary cleaning on the surface of the artificial joint test piece 1, the inner cathode 21 and the outer cathode 22 by using absolute ethyl alcohol after the checking is finished;
s3: and (3) test piece installation: the artificial joint test piece 1 to be precisely machined is mounted on a bracket 4 arranged in an electrolytic cell 3, a bifurcation structure at the lower end of the artificial joint test piece 1 after mounting is kept firm on the bracket 4, a reversing electrolytic mechanism 5 is arranged at the upper end of the electrolytic cell 3, and an inner cathode 21 and an outer cathode 22 are respectively detachably mounted on the reversing electrolytic mechanism 5;
s4: electrolytic machining: electrolyte is injected into the electrolytic tank 3, and the inner cathode 21 and the outer cathode 22 are controlled to swing back and forth through the reversing electrolytic mechanism 5, so that the inner side and the outer side of the artificial joint test piece 1 are respectively subjected to precise electrolytic machining;
s5: and (5) after the processing is finished, discharging.
In this embodiment, the artificial joint test piece 1 is in a circular arc bifurcation structure, and two symmetrically arranged embedding heads 11 are fixed on the surface of the recess of the artificial joint test piece 1.
In this embodiment, the reversing electrolysis mechanism 5 includes driving motor 501, bull stick 502, scraper blade 503 and swinging member 504, driving motor 501 installs on the mounting bracket, the one end of bull stick 502 is connected on driving motor 501's output, and pulley 505 is installed to the other end of bull stick 502, slide on pulley 505 is provided with sliding ring 506, the lower extreme fixedly connected with umbrella-shaped lack tooth gear one 507 of sliding ring 506, lack tooth gear one 507's side fixedly connected with pivot 508, pivot 508 runs through the mounting bracket and fixedly connected with lack tooth gear two 509, lack tooth gear one 507 and lack tooth gear two 509 on all meshing have rack 510, scraper blade 503 has two and respectively fixed connection in two the tip of rack 510, the middle part of pivot 508 is fixed and is provided with pushing part 511, the lower part of mounting bracket is fixed and is provided with connecting axle 512, swinging member 504 rotates the middle part that sets up in connecting axle 512, and the spout 513 has been seted up to the upper end of swinging member 504, the lower extreme limit sliding of pushing part 511 sets up in spout 513, but the interior bottom wall of cathode tool 503 is set up in the bottom wall 3 of dismantling in the cooperation with the scraper blade 503.
The bracket 4 and the swinging member 504 are made of metal conductive materials, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected with the bracket, the negative electrode of the power supply is connected with the swinging member, and meanwhile, the rack is provided with a guiding structure for directional sliding of the rack 510.
In this embodiment, the inner cathode 21 and the outer cathode 22 are detachably mounted on two sides of the lower end of the swinging member 504, and correspond to the concave surface and the convex surface of the artificial joint test piece 1, the inner cathode 21 is of a layered cylindrical structure, the inner layer of the inner cathode 21 is hollow and cylindrical, a guiding cylinder 211 is rotatably disposed in the inner layer, two oppositely corresponding electrolytic stretching heads 212 are slidably disposed in the guiding cylinder 211, the side ends of the electrolytic stretching heads 212 in the guiding cylinder 211 are filled with expansion microspheres 213, a unidirectional limiting protrusion 214 is disposed on the outer side of the guiding cylinder 211, the outer layer of the inner cathode 21 is in a semi-cylindrical cavity shape, and a weight member 215 is slidably disposed in the inner layer of the inner cathode 21.
In this embodiment, the outer portion of the weight member 215 disposed on the inner cathode 21 is in a spherical structure, and the inner portion of the weight member 215 on the inner cathode 21 is matched with the unidirectional limiting protrusion 214, so that the guiding cylinder 211 rotates on the inner cathode 21 in a directional manner, and the electrolytic working end of the electrolytic extension head 212 is ensured to be accurately matched with the inner processing surface of the artificial joint test piece 1.
In addition, the working end of the electrolytic extension head 212 is matched with the embedding head 11, and the outer cathode 22 is in a side surrounding shape and matched with the outer side of the artificial joint test piece 1.
Working process and principle: in the process of the invention, electrode shape selection, pretreatment before processing, test piece installation, electrolytic processing and processing are sequentially carried out according to procedures, in the process of the test piece installation, firstly, an adaptive inner cathode 21 and an adaptive outer cathode 22 are respectively installed on a swinging piece 504, in the process of the electrolytic processing, firstly, the forked structure of an artificial joint test piece 1 to be precisely processed is downwards, and the concave surface and the convex surface of the artificial joint test piece 1 are correspondingly installed on a bracket 4 with the inner cathode 21 and the outer cathode 22, and electrolyte is injected into an electrolytic tank 3 after positioning;
meanwhile, the driving motor 501 is started to drive the rotating rod 502 to rotate, so that the pulley 505 slides reciprocally in the slip ring 506, and further drives the first gear with missing teeth 507 at the lower end to rotate reciprocally around the rotating shaft 508, when the first gear with missing teeth 507 rotates clockwise, the rotating shaft 508 also drives the pushing part 511 in the middle and the second gear with missing teeth 509 at the other end to rotate synchronously, the lower end of the pushing part 511 slides in the sliding groove 513, the inner cathode 21 at the lower end of the swinging member 504 is pushed to turn over and approach to the concave surface of the artificial joint test piece 1, the counterweight part 215 slides and shifts the unidirectional limiting protrusion 214 to a fixed turning angle through the inner layer guide of the inner cathode 21 under the action of self gravity, the angle state enables the electrolytic end face of the electrolytic stretching head 212 in the guide cylinder 211 to correspond to the two embedded heads 11 at the inner side of the artificial joint test piece 1, and in the process that the inner layer surface of the inner cathode 21 carries out precise electrolysis on the inner surface of the artificial joint test piece 1, the working end of the electrolytic extension head 212 can extend into the root of the embedding head 11 for synchronous electrolysis, the high temperature generated during electrolytic machining is conducted to the expansion microsphere 213 in the guide cylinder 211 through the inner layer of the inner cathode 21 to make the expansion microsphere thermally expand, the electrolytic extension head 212 is pushed to slowly separate from the root of the embedding head 11 during expansion until the electrolytic extension head 212 is separated from the tip of the embedding head 11, the other end of the electrolytic extension head 212 is abutted against the inner side wall of the inner cathode 21, the outer cathode 22 on the other side of the lower end of the swinging piece 504 is driven to precisely electrolyze the outer convex surface and the excessive edge of the smooth surface of the artificial joint test piece 1 during the anticlockwise rotation of the first tooth-lacking gear 507, simultaneously, the unidirectional limiting protrusion 214 is stirred under the gravity of the counterweight part 215 in the reverse lifting and overturning process of the inner cathode 21 to directionally overturn the guide cylinder 211, the pushing force of the counterweight part 215 is obviously higher than the friction force between the end part of the electrolysis stretching head 212 and the inner side wall of the inner cathode 21 in the process, so that the electrolysis stretching head 212 finishes the fixed angle overturning of 180 degrees in the inner cathode 21, after the outer convex surface of the artificial joint test piece 1 is electrolyzed, the inner cathode 21 overturns again and the electrolysis stretching head 212 corresponding to the unexpanded expansion microsphere 213 carries out electrolytic machining on the embedded head 11, and the outer cathode 22 and the other electrolysis stretching head 212 in the process are cooled;
and the first tooth missing gear 507 and the second tooth missing gear 509 respectively drive the two corresponding racks 510 to move in opposite directions or in opposite directions so as to drive the two scraping plates 503 at the lower end to scrape the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic tank 3 in a reciprocating manner, so that precipitated impurities generated and separated in the electrolytic process are intermittently cleaned from a collecting tank in the middle of the electrolytic tank 3, and the electrolytic environment in the electrolytic tank 3 can be kept clean without the circulation supply of electrolyte.
Based on the above, the reversing electrolysis mechanism 5 and the tool cathode 2 are arranged on the electrolysis tank 3, the bracket 4 for orienting the artificial joint test piece 1 is matched, the output end of the driving motor 501 drives the rotating rod 502 to rotate, the first tooth-lacking gear 507 and the second tooth-lacking gear 509 are driven to reversely reciprocate through the pulley 505, the slip ring 506 and the rotating shaft 508, the inner cathode 21 at the lower end of the pushing part 511 pushes the inner cathode 21 at the lower end of the swinging part 504 to turn over and approach the concave surface of the artificial joint test piece 1, the working end of the electrolysis stretching head 212 can stretch into the root of the embedding head 11 for synchronous electrolysis, the high temperature generated in the electrolytic machining process is conducted to the expansion microsphere 213 in the guide cylinder 211 through the inner layer of the inner cathode 21, the expansion process pushes the electrolysis stretching head 212 to slowly separate from the root of the embedding head 11, so that the electrolysis stretching head 212 automatically separates from the embedding head 11 along with the change of the temperature in the electrolytic machining process, and the balance weight part 215 is matched with the way that the one-way limiting bulge 214 directionally turns over the guide cylinder 211, the low-temperature electrolysis stretching head 212 is staggered, the root point phenomenon of the embedding head 11 is avoided, the problem of easy occurrence of root short circuit and the quality difference due to high heat is also solved;
the first tooth-lacking gear 507 and the second tooth-lacking gear 509 respectively drive the two corresponding racks 510 to move in opposite directions or in opposite directions so as to drive the two scraping plates 503 at the lower end to scrape the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic tank 3 in a reciprocating manner, so that precipitated impurities generated and separated in the electrolytic process are intermittently cleaned from a collecting tank in the middle of the electrolytic tank 3, the circulating supply of electrolyte is not needed, the cost is saved, and the electrolytic environment in the electrolytic tank 3 can be kept clean.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be carried out in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Accordingly, the above disclosed embodiments are illustrative in all respects, and not exclusive. All changes that come within the scope of the invention or equivalents thereto are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. The precise electrolytic machining method for the titanium alloy artificial joint is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: electrode selection: selecting an adaptive tool cathode (2) according to the specification of an artificial joint test piece (1) to be precisely machined, wherein the tool cathode (2) comprises an inner cathode (21) and an outer cathode (22);
s2: pretreatment before processing: checking whether the surface of the artificial joint test piece (1) subjected to preliminary rough machining has a convex or concave part or not, and after the checking is finished, respectively performing primary cleaning on the surface of the artificial joint test piece (1), the inner cathode (21) and the outer cathode (22) by using absolute ethyl alcohol;
s3: and (3) test piece installation: the method comprises the steps that an artificial joint test piece (1) to be precisely machined is mounted on a bracket (4) arranged in an electrolytic tank (3), a bifurcation structure at the lower end of the artificial joint test piece (1) is kept firm on the bracket (4) after being mounted, a reversing electrolytic mechanism (5) is arranged at the upper end of the electrolytic tank (3), and an inner cathode (21) and an outer cathode (22) are respectively detachably mounted on the reversing electrolytic mechanism (5);
s4: electrolytic machining: electrolyte is injected into an electrolytic tank (3), and the inner cathode (21) and the outer cathode (22) are controlled to swing back and forth through a reversing electrolytic mechanism (5) so as to respectively carry out precise electrolytic machining on the inner side and the outer side of the artificial joint test piece (1);
s5: after the processing is finished, discharging;
the reversing electrolysis mechanism (5) comprises a driving motor (501), a rotating rod (502), a scraping plate (503) and a swinging piece (504), wherein the driving motor (501) is arranged on the mounting frame, one end of the rotating rod (502) is connected to the output end of the driving motor (501), the other end of the rotating rod (502) is provided with a pulley (505), a sliding ring (506) is arranged on the pulley (505) in a sliding manner, the lower end of the sliding ring (506) is fixedly connected with an umbrella-shaped tooth-lacking gear I (507), the side end of the tooth-lacking gear I (507) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (508), the rotating shaft (508) penetrates through the mounting frame and is fixedly connected with a tooth-lacking gear II (509), racks (510) are meshed on the tooth-lacking gear I (507) and the tooth-lacking gear II (509), the scraping plate (503) is provided with two end parts which are respectively fixedly connected with the racks (510), the middle part of the rotating shaft (508) is fixedly provided with a pushing part (511), the lower part of the mounting frame is fixedly provided with a connecting shaft (504), the swinging piece (508) is rotatably connected with a sliding groove (513) which is arranged at the upper sliding part (511), the tool cathode (2) is detachably arranged at the lower end of the swinging piece (504).
2. The method for precisely electrolytic machining of the titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the artificial joint test piece (1) is of a circular arc-shaped bifurcation structure, and two symmetrically arranged embedded heads (11) are fixed on the surface of a concave groove of the artificial joint test piece (1).
3. The method for precisely electrolytic machining of the titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the inner cathode (21) and the outer cathode (22) are respectively detachably mounted on two sides of the lower end of the swinging piece (504) and respectively correspond to the concave surface and the convex surface of the artificial joint test piece (1), the inner cathode (21) is of a layered cylinder structure, the inner layer of the inner cathode (21) is of a hollow cylinder shape, a guide cylinder (211) is arranged in the inner cathode in a rotating mode, two opposite corresponding electrolysis telescopic heads (212) are arranged in the guide cylinder (211) in a sliding mode, expansion pellets (213) are filled at the side ends of the electrolysis telescopic heads (212) in the guide cylinder (211), one-way limiting protrusions (214) are arranged on the outer side of the guide cylinder (211), the outer layer of the inner cathode (21) is of a semi-cylindrical cavity shape, a weight part (215) is arranged in the inner cathode in a sliding mode, and the weight part (215) is arranged on the inner layer of the inner cathode (21) in a sliding mode.
4. The method for precisely electrolytic machining of the titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the scraping plate (503) is matched with the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic tank (3).
5. A method for precision electrolytic machining of a titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 3, characterized in that: the counterweight part (215) is arranged at the outer side of the inner cathode (21) and is of a spherical structure, and the counterweight part (215) is matched with the unidirectional limiting protrusion (214) at the inner layer of the inner cathode (21).
6. A method for precision electrolytic machining of a titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 3, characterized in that: the working end of the electrolytic extension head (212) is matched with the embedding head (11).
7. A method for precision electrolytic machining of a titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 3, characterized in that: the outer cathode (22) is in a side surrounding shape and is matched with the outer side of the artificial joint test piece (1).
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