CN114571016A - Precise electrolytic machining method for titanium alloy artificial joint - Google Patents
Precise electrolytic machining method for titanium alloy artificial joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN114571016A CN114571016A CN202210347621.1A CN202210347621A CN114571016A CN 114571016 A CN114571016 A CN 114571016A CN 202210347621 A CN202210347621 A CN 202210347621A CN 114571016 A CN114571016 A CN 114571016A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002639 bone cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a precise electrochemical machining method for a titanium alloy artificial joint, which relates to the technical field of precise electrochemical machining and comprises the following steps: selecting the type of the electrode, preprocessing before processing, installing a test piece, performing electrolytic processing, finishing processing and discharging. According to the invention, the reversing electrolysis mechanism and the tool cathode are arranged on the electrolytic bath and matched with the bracket for orienting the artificial joint test piece, the rotating rod is driven to rotate by the output end of the driving motor, and the gear-lacking gear I and the gear-lacking gear II are driven to reversely rotate in a reciprocating manner by the pulley, the slip ring and the rotating shaft, so that the staggered electrolysis mode of the low-temperature electrolysis telescopic head is realized, the root pitting phenomenon of the embedded head part due to high heat is avoided, and the problems of short circuit, poor processing quality and the like are easily caused; the precipitated impurities generated and separated in the electrolysis process are intermittently cleaned from the collecting tank in the middle of the electrolytic cell, the circulating supply of electrolyte is not needed, the cost is saved, and the cleanness of the electrolysis environment in the electrolytic cell can be kept.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precise electrolytic machining, in particular to a precise electrolytic machining method for a titanium alloy artificial joint.
Background
The titanium alloy has the advantages of high strength, light weight, good corrosion resistance, good compatibility with human tissues and the like, and is widely applied to the field of biomedical implant insertion bodies. The existing electrolytic machining method is used for carrying out precise machining on the rough machined artificial joint blank by directly using two vibrating cathode tool electrodes which are arranged oppositely and continuously supplying the two vibrating cathode tool electrodes in cooperation with electrolyte.
However, in the long-term processing process by adopting the prior art, certain disadvantages are found to exist: firstly, because the electrolytic machining is an exothermic reaction, the machining current is extremely high, and the titanium alloy has poor heat conductivity, heat generated in the machining process is difficult to effectively release, the artificial joint is more firmly connected with a human bone, and the inclined embedding head can be adapted on the basis of medical bone cement, and the embedding head part often has root pitting phenomenon during machining, and is easy to have short circuit, poor machining quality and other problems; and secondly, the electrolyte is continuously supplied to complete the precise electrolytic machining, and is also used for flushing away the separation impurities generated in the electrolytic process, but the mode cannot realize the recycling of the electrolyte, and the waste is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a precise electrochemical machining method for a titanium alloy artificial joint, which aims to overcome the defects caused in the prior art.
A precise electrolytic machining method for a titanium alloy artificial joint comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting the type of the electrode: selecting a matched tool cathode according to the specification of the artificial joint test piece to be precisely machined, wherein the tool cathode comprises an inner side cathode and an outer side cathode;
s2: pretreatment before processing: checking whether the surface of the preliminarily rough-machined artificial joint test piece has a convex or concave part, and after the checking is finished, respectively carrying out primary cleaning on the surface of the artificial joint test piece, an inner side cathode and an outer side cathode by adopting absolute ethyl alcohol;
s3: and (3) mounting a test piece: installing an artificial joint test piece to be precisely machined on a bracket arranged in an electrolytic bath, wherein a lower-end branched structure of the artificial joint test piece is firmly kept on the bracket after the artificial joint test piece is installed, a reversing electrolytic mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the electrolytic bath, and an inner side cathode and an outer side cathode are respectively detachably installed on the reversing electrolytic mechanism;
s4: electrolytic machining: injecting electrolyte into an electrolytic bath, and controlling the inner cathode and the outer cathode to swing in a reciprocating manner through a reversing electrolysis mechanism so as to respectively perform precise electrolytic machining on the inner side and the outer side of the artificial joint test piece;
s5: and (5) finishing the processing and discharging.
Preferably, the artificial joint test piece is of a circular arc-shaped branched structure, and two symmetrically-arranged embedding heads are fixed on the surface of a concave groove of the artificial joint test piece.
Preferably, the reversing electrolysis mechanism comprises a driving motor, a rotating rod, a scraper and a swinging piece, the driving motor is installed on the installation frame, one end of the rotating rod is connected to the output end of the driving motor, a pulley is installed at the other end of the rotating rod, a sliding ring is arranged on the pulley in a sliding manner, the lower end of the sliding ring is fixedly connected with a first umbrella-shaped tooth-lacking gear, the side end of the first tooth-lacking gear is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft penetrates through the installation frame and is fixedly connected with a second tooth-lacking gear, racks are respectively meshed on the first tooth-lacking gear and the second tooth-lacking gear, the scraper is provided with two racks and is respectively and fixedly connected with the end parts of the two racks, a pushing part is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft, a connecting shaft is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the installation frame, the swinging piece is rotatably arranged in the middle of the connecting shaft, and a sliding groove is formed in the upper end of the swinging piece, the lower end of the pushing part is arranged in the sliding groove in a limiting sliding mode, and the tool cathode is detachably arranged at the lower end of the swinging piece.
Preferably, inboard negative pole and outside negative pole demountable installation respectively in the lower extreme both sides of swing piece to corresponding with the slot surface and the evagination surface of artificial joint test piece respectively, the inboard negative pole is the layering tubular structure, and the inlayer of inboard negative pole is hollow cylindricly, and inside rotation is provided with the guide cylinder, and the cylindrical inside of guide slides and sets up the flexible head of two electrolysis that correspond in opposite directions, and the side packing that is followed the flexible head of electrolysis in the guide cylinder has the expansion microballon, and the cylindrical outside of guide is provided with one-way spacing arch, and the skin of inboard negative pole is half cylinder cavity form, and inside slides and is provided with the counter weight part, the counter weight part still slides and sets up on the inlayer of inboard negative pole.
Preferably, the scraper cooperates with the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic cell.
Preferably, the counterweight part is arranged on the outer side part of the inner side cathode and is of a spherical structure, and the counterweight part is matched with the one-way limiting bulge on the inner layer part of the inner side cathode.
Preferably, the working end of the electrostrictive head is matched with the embedding head.
Preferably, the outer cathode is in a side surrounding shape and is matched with the outer side of the artificial joint test piece.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) through arranging a reversing electrolysis mechanism and a tool cathode on an electrolysis bath, matching with a bracket for orienting an artificial joint test piece, driving a rotating rod to rotate by the output end of a driving motor, driving a tooth-lacking gear I and a tooth-lacking gear II to reversely rotate in a reciprocating manner by a pulley, a slip ring and a rotating shaft, driving the inner side cathode at the lower end of a swinging piece to turn over and approach to the surface of a pit of the artificial joint test piece by the lower end of a pushing part, enabling the working end of an electrolysis telescopic head to stretch into the root of an embedding head for synchronous electrolysis, conducting the generated high temperature along with the electrolysis processing process to expansion microspheres in a guide cylinder through the inner layer of the inner side cathode, pushing the electrolysis telescopic head to slowly separate from the root of the embedding head in the expansion process, enabling the electrolysis telescopic head to automatically separate from the embedding head along with the temperature change of the electrolysis process, matching with a counterweight part to directionally turn over the guide cylinder, and adopting a staggered electrolysis mode of the low-temperature electrolysis telescopic head, the problems that the root pitting phenomenon of the embedded head part is caused by high heat, short circuit is easy to occur, the processing quality is poor and the like are solved;
(2) the first gear-lacking gear and the second gear-lacking gear respectively drive the two corresponding racks to move in the opposite directions or away from each other, so that the two scrapers at the lower end are driven to scrape in a reciprocating manner on the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic cell, precipitated impurities generated and separated in the electrolytic process are intermittently cleaned from the collecting tank at the middle part of the electrolytic cell, electrolyte is not required to be circularly supplied, the cost is saved, and the cleanness of the electrolytic environment in the electrolytic cell can be kept.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the structure of the apparatus used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the reverse electrolysis mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of the cathode in a state of being turned upside down.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the cathode in the inside-up turned state according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the artificial joint trial of the present invention.
The test device comprises an artificial joint test piece 1, an insertion head 11, a tool cathode 2, an inner cathode 21, an outer cathode 22, an electrolytic cell 3, a bracket 4, a reversing electrolytic mechanism 5, a driving motor 501, a rotating rod 502, a scraper 503, a swinging piece 504, a pulley 505, a sliding ring 506, a missing tooth gear I507, a rotating shaft 508, a missing tooth gear II 509, a rack 510, a pushing part 511, a connecting shaft 512, a connecting shaft 513, a sliding groove 211, a guide cylinder 212, an electrolytic expansion head 213, expansion microspheres 214, a one-way limiting protrusion 215 and a counterweight component.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a precise electrochemical machining method for a titanium alloy artificial joint comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting the type of the electrode: selecting an adaptive tool cathode 2 according to the specification of the artificial joint test piece 1 to be precisely machined, wherein the tool cathode 2 comprises an inner side cathode 21 and an outer side cathode 22;
s2: pretreatment before processing: checking whether the surface of the preliminarily rough-machined artificial joint test piece 1 has a convex or concave part, and after the checking is finished, respectively carrying out primary cleaning on the surface of the artificial joint test piece 1, the inner side cathode 21 and the outer side cathode 22 by adopting absolute ethyl alcohol;
s3: and (3) mounting a test piece: the method comprises the following steps of (1) installing an artificial joint test piece 1 to be precisely machined on a bracket 4 arranged in an electrolytic bath 3, keeping a lower-end branched structure of the artificial joint test piece 1 on the bracket 4 firmly after installation, arranging a reversing electrolytic mechanism 5 at the upper end of the electrolytic bath 3, and respectively and detachably installing an inner side cathode 21 and an outer side cathode 22 on the reversing electrolytic mechanism 5;
s4: electrolytic machining: injecting electrolyte into an electrolytic bath 3, and controlling the inner cathode 21 and the outer cathode 22 to swing in a reciprocating manner through a reversing electrolysis mechanism 5 to respectively perform precise electrolytic machining on the inner side and the outer side of the artificial joint test piece 1;
s5: and (5) finishing the processing and discharging.
In this embodiment, the artificial joint test piece 1 is of a circular arc-shaped branched structure, and two symmetrically arranged embedding heads 11 are fixed on the surface of a concave slot of the artificial joint test piece 1.
In this embodiment, the reversing electrolysis mechanism 5 includes a driving motor 501, a rotating rod 502, a scraping plate 503 and a swinging member 504, the driving motor 501 is installed on an installation frame, one end of the rotating rod 502 is connected to an output end of the driving motor 501, a pulley 505 is installed at the other end of the rotating rod 502, a slip ring 506 is slidably installed on the pulley 505, a first umbrella-shaped tooth-lacking gear 507 is fixedly connected to a lower end of the slip ring 506, a rotating shaft 508 is fixedly connected to a side end of the first tooth-lacking gear 507, the rotating shaft 508 penetrates through the installation frame and is fixedly connected to a second tooth-lacking gear 509, racks 510 are respectively engaged on the first tooth-lacking gear 507 and the second tooth-lacking gear 509, the scraping plate 503 has two ends and is respectively fixedly connected to the two racks 510, a pushing portion 511 is fixedly installed in a middle portion of the rotating shaft 508, a connecting shaft 512 is fixedly installed in a lower portion of the installation frame, the swinging piece 504 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the connecting shaft 512, the upper end of the swinging piece 504 is provided with a sliding groove 513, the lower end of the pushing part 511 is arranged in the sliding groove 513 in a limiting and sliding manner, the tool cathode 2 is detachably arranged at the lower end of the swinging piece 504, and the scraping plate 503 is matched with the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic cell 3.
It should be noted that the bracket 4 and the swinging member 504 are made of metal conductive material, and the positive electrode of the power supply is connected to the bracket, the negative electrode of the power supply is connected to the swinging member, and the mounting frame is provided with a guiding structure for the rack 510 to slide directionally.
In this embodiment, the inner cathode 21 and the outer cathode 22 are respectively detachably mounted on two sides of the lower end of the oscillating member 504, and respectively correspond to the concave surface and the convex surface of the artificial joint test piece 1, the inner cathode 21 is of a layered cylindrical structure, the inner layer of the inner cathode 21 is hollow cylindrical, the inner part of the inner cathode 21 is rotatably provided with a guide cylinder 211, two electrolytic telescopic heads 212 which are opposite to each other are arranged in the guide cylinder 211 in a sliding manner, expanded microspheres 213 are filled at the side end of the electrolytic telescopic heads 212 in the guide cylinder 211, a one-way limiting protrusion 214 is arranged on the outer side of the guide cylinder 211, the outer layer of the inner cathode 21 is of a semi-cylindrical cavity shape, a counterweight member 215 is arranged in the inner layer of the inner cathode 21 in a sliding manner, and the counterweight member 215 is further arranged on the inner layer of the inner cathode 21 in a sliding manner.
In this embodiment, the counterweight 215 is disposed on the outer side of the inner cathode 21 and has a spherical structure, and the counterweight 215 is matched with the one-way limiting protrusion 214 on the inner layer of the inner cathode 21, so that the guiding cylinder 211 rotates directionally on the inner cathode 21, and the electrolytic working end of the electrolytic telescopic head 212 is ensured to be accurately matched with the inner machined surface of the artificial joint test piece 1.
In addition, the working end of the electrolytic telescopic head 212 is matched with the embedding head 11, and the outer cathode 22 is in a side surrounding shape and is matched with the outer side of the artificial joint test piece 1.
The working process and principle are as follows: in the using process, the electrode selection, the pretreatment before processing, the test piece installation, the electrolytic processing and the discharging after the processing are sequentially carried out according to the working procedures, in the test piece installation process, firstly, the inner side cathode 21 and the outer side cathode 22 which are matched are respectively installed on the swinging piece 504, in the electrolytic processing process, firstly, the forked structure of the artificial joint test piece 1 to be precisely processed is downward, the concave surface and the convex surface of the artificial joint test piece 1 are ensured to be correspondingly installed on the bracket 4 with the inner side cathode 21 and the outer side cathode 22, and the electrolyte is injected into the electrolytic tank 3 after the positioning;
meanwhile, the driving motor 501 is started to enable the output end of the driving motor to drive the rotating rod 502 to rotate, the pulley 505 is made to slide in the sliding ring 506 in a reciprocating manner, and further the first toothless gear 507 at the lower end is driven to rotate in a reciprocating manner around the rotating shaft 508, when the first toothless gear 507 rotates clockwise, the rotating shaft 508 also drives the pushing part 511 at the middle part and the second toothless gear 509 at the other end to rotate synchronously, in the process that the lower end of the pushing part 511 slides in the sliding groove 513, the inner cathode 21 at the lower end of the swinging piece 504 is pushed to turn over and approach the concave surface of the artificial joint test piece 1, the counterweight part 215 slides and shifts the one-way limiting bulge 214 to a fixed turning angle through the inner layer guide of the inner cathode 21 under the action of the self gravity, the angle state enables the electrolytic end surface of the electrolytic telescopic head 212 in the guide cylinder 211 to correspond to the two embedding heads 11 at the inner side of the artificial joint test piece 1, and the inner layer surface of the inner cathode 21 carries out precise electrolysis on the inner surface of the artificial joint test piece 1, the working end of the electrolysis telescopic head 212 can extend into the root of the embedding head 11 for synchronous electrolysis, the high temperature generated in the electrolytic machining process is conducted to the expansion microspheres 213 in the guide cylinder 211 through the inner layer of the inner side cathode 21 to be heated and expanded, the expansion process pushes the electrolysis telescopic head 212 to slowly separate from the root of the embedding head 11 until the electrolysis telescopic head is separated from the tip of the embedding head 11, the other end of the electrolysis telescopic head 212 abuts against the inner side wall of the inner side cathode 21, the outer side cathode 22 on the other side of the lower end of the swinging piece 504 is driven to carry out precise electrolysis on the convex surface and the smooth surface transition edge of the artificial joint test piece 1 along with the anticlockwise rotation of the toothless gear I507 in the process of anticlockwise rotation, meanwhile, in the process of reversely lifting and overturning the inner side cathode 21, the unidirectional limiting bulge 214 is stirred under the action of the self gravity of the counterweight part 215 to ensure that the guide cylinder 211 is directionally overturned, and the obvious driving force of the counterweight part 215 in the process is higher than the friction force between the end of the electrolysis telescopic head 212 and the inner side cathode inner side wall 21 So that the electrolytic telescopic head 212 completes 180-degree fixed-angle turnover in the inner cathode 21, after the outer convex surface of the artificial joint test piece 1 is electrolyzed, the inner cathode 21 turns over again and the electrolytic telescopic head 212 corresponding to the unexpanded expanded microspheres 213 carries out electrolytic machining on the embedding head 11, and the outer cathode 22 and the other electrolytic telescopic head 212 are cooled in the process;
and the first gear 507 and the second gear 509 respectively drive the two corresponding racks 510 to move in opposite directions or away from each other, so as to drive the two scrapers 503 at the lower end to scrape off reciprocally at the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic cell 3, so that the precipitated impurities generated and separated in the electrolytic process are intermittently cleaned from the collecting tank at the middle part of the electrolytic cell 3, and the electrolytic environment in the electrolytic cell 3 can be kept clean without circulating supply of electrolyte.
Based on the above, in the invention, by arranging the reversing electrolysis mechanism 5 and the tool cathode 2 on the electrolysis bath 3, and matching with the bracket 4 for orienting the artificial joint test piece 1, the output end of the driving motor 501 drives the rotating rod 502 to rotate, the pulley 505, the slip ring 506 and the rotating shaft 508 drive the first missing tooth gear 507 and the second missing tooth gear 509 to reversely and reciprocally rotate, the lower end of the pushing part 511 pushes the inner cathode 21 at the lower end of the swinging part 504 to turn over and approach to the surface of the concave groove of the artificial joint test piece 1, the working end of the electrolysis telescopic head 212 can extend into the root of the embedding head 11 for synchronous electrolysis, the high temperature generated during the electrolytic machining process is conducted to the expansion microspheres 213 in the guide cylinder 211 through the inner layer of the inner cathode 21, the expansion process pushes the electrolysis telescopic head 212 to slowly separate from the root of the embedding head 11, so that the electrolysis telescopic head 212 automatically separates from the embedding head 11 outwards along with the change of the temperature during the electrolysis process, the guide cylinder 211 is directionally turned over by matching with the counterweight component 215 to the one-way limiting bulge 214, and the low-temperature electrolysis telescopic head 212 is in a staggered electrolysis mode, so that the problems of root pitting phenomenon caused by high heat, easy short circuit, poor processing quality and the like of the part of the embedding head 11 are avoided;
the first gear-lacking gear 507 and the second gear-lacking gear 509 respectively drive the two corresponding racks 510 to move in opposite directions or away from each other, so as to drive the two scrapers 503 at the lower end to scrape off in a reciprocating manner on the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic cell 3, so that precipitated impurities generated and separated in the electrolytic process are intermittently cleaned from the collecting tank in the middle of the electrolytic cell 3, electrolyte is not required to be circularly supplied, the cost is saved, and the cleanness of the electrolytic environment in the electrolytic cell 3 can be maintained.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A precise electrolytic machining method for a titanium alloy artificial joint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting the type of the electrode: selecting a matched tool cathode (2) according to the specification of the artificial joint test piece (1) to be precisely machined, wherein the tool cathode (2) comprises an inner side cathode (21) and an outer side cathode (22);
s2: pretreatment before processing: checking whether the surface of the preliminarily rough-machined artificial joint test piece (1) has a convex or concave part, and after the checking is finished, respectively cleaning the surface of the artificial joint test piece (1), the inner side cathode (21) and the outer side cathode (22) by adopting absolute ethyl alcohol for the first time;
s3: and (3) mounting a test piece: the method comprises the following steps that an artificial joint test piece (1) to be precisely machined is installed on a supporting seat (4) arranged in an electrolytic tank (3), a lower-end branched structure of the artificial joint test piece (1) is firmly kept on the supporting seat (4) after installation, a reversing electrolytic mechanism (5) is arranged at the upper end of the electrolytic tank (3), and an inner side cathode (21) and an outer side cathode (22) are respectively and detachably installed on the reversing electrolytic mechanism (5);
s4: electrolytic machining: electrolyte is injected into the electrolytic bath (3), and the inside cathode (21) and the outside cathode (22) are controlled to swing in a reciprocating manner by the reversing electrolytic mechanism (5) to respectively carry out precise electrolytic machining on the inner side and the outer side of the artificial joint test piece (1);
s5: and (5) finishing the processing and discharging.
2. The precise electrochemical machining method for the titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the artificial joint test piece (1) is of a circular arc-shaped branched structure, and two symmetrically arranged embedding heads (11) are fixed on the surface of a concave groove of the artificial joint test piece (1).
3. The precise electrochemical machining method for the titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reversing electrolysis mechanism (5) comprises a driving motor (501), a rotating rod (502), a scraper (503) and a swinging piece (504), the driving motor (501) is installed on the installation frame, one end of the rotating rod (502) is connected to the output end of the driving motor (501), a pulley (505) is installed at the other end of the rotating rod (502), a sliding ring (506) is arranged on the pulley (505) in a sliding manner, the lower end of the sliding ring (506) is fixedly connected with a first umbrella-shaped tooth-lacking gear (507), the side end of the first tooth-lacking gear (507) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (508), the rotating shaft (508) penetrates through the installation frame and is fixedly connected with a second tooth-lacking gear (509), the first tooth-lacking gear (507) and the second tooth-lacking gear (509) are respectively engaged with racks (510), and the scraper (503) is provided with two racks and is respectively and fixedly connected to the end parts of the two racks (510), the fixed promotion portion (511) that is provided with in middle part of pivot (508), the fixed connecting axle (512) that is provided with in lower part of mounting bracket, swing piece (504) rotate to set up in the middle part of connecting axle (512), and spout (513) have been seted up to the upper end of swing piece (504), the spacing slip of lower extreme of promotion portion (511) sets up in spout (513), the instrument negative pole (2) can be dismantled and set up in the lower extreme of swing piece (504).
4. The precise electrochemical machining method for the titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner cathode (21) and the outer cathode (22) are respectively detachably mounted on both sides of the lower end of the swinging member (504), and respectively correspond to the concave surface and the convex surface of the artificial joint test piece (1), the inner side cathode (21) is of a layered cylinder structure, the inner layer of the inner side cathode (21) is of a hollow cylinder shape, a guide cylinder (211) is rotatably arranged inside the electrolytic telescopic head, two electrolytic telescopic heads (212) which correspond to each other in the opposite direction are arranged inside the guide cylinder (211) in a sliding way, expansion microspheres (213) are filled at the side end of the electrolytic telescopic heads (212) in the guide cylinder (211), a one-way limiting bulge (214) is arranged outside the guide cylinder (211), the outer layer of the cathode (21) at the inner side is in a semi-cylindrical cavity shape, and a weight member (215) is arranged inside the cathode, and the weight member (215) is also arranged on the inner layer of the inner cathode (21) in a sliding way.
5. The precise electrochemical machining method for the titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 3, characterized in that: the scraper (503) is matched with the inner bottom wall of the electrolytic tank (3).
6. The precise electrochemical machining method for the titanium alloy artificial joint according to claim 4, characterized in that: the counterweight component (215) is arranged on the outer side part of the inner side cathode (21) and is of a spherical structure, and the counterweight component (215) is matched with the one-way limiting bulge (214) on the inner layer part of the inner side cathode (21).
7. The precise electrochemical machining method for the titanium alloy artificial joint as recited in claim 4, wherein the precise electrochemical machining method comprises the following steps: the working end of the electrolysis telescopic head (212) is matched with the embedding head (11).
8. The precise electrochemical machining method for the titanium alloy artificial joint as recited in claim 4, wherein the precise electrochemical machining method comprises the following steps: the outer side cathode (22) is in a side surrounding shape and is matched with the outer side of the artificial joint test piece (1).
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| CN114571016B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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