CN114553262B - A high-speed collection terminal for electric energy data and its control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed electric energy data collection terminal and its control method. It combines high-speed carrier communication technology and self-organizing network technology to communicate downwardly with the RS485 interface of the electric meter and upwardly through HPLC power carrier communication to achieve high-speed collection at minute-level frequencies. To improve the accuracy of electricity consumption data and the reliability of data collection. The invention frames the electric energy data of multiple electricity meters and multiple data items, transmits it to the superior equipment concentrator, and forwards control commands and response information to realize monitoring of the electricity consumption information station area; and adds a security encryption module to perform data processing on the data information. Protection to prevent information from being stolen and leaked. It can be widely used in scenarios such as power information management, energy management, and power environment data collection.

Description

A high-speed collection terminal for electric energy data and its control method

Technical field

The invention relates to a high-speed collection method of electric energy data and belongs to the technical field of power system data collection equipment.

Background technique

The power information collection system in the smart grid architecture is the most basic part of the power system. Its timeliness of information collection and data diversity play a key role in power system management. The existing meter reading method is type II collector. It is connected to the RS485 interface of the electric meter through an RS485 line. The concentrator and type II collector are composed of carrier communication.

Although the existing Type II collector is widely used in electricity consumption information collection systems, its structure and function are simple and cannot achieve high-speed minute-level collection and framing of electricity consumption information data from multiple electricity meters. When multiple electricity meters are connected, it is easy to misplace addresses when recording them or to have corresponding errors when entering them into the system, resulting in low data collection accuracy and thus reducing the meter reading efficiency of the electricity consumption information collection system. In addition, the existing Type II collectors do not securely encrypt the data during the data collection process, causing the data to be easily leaked and lost.

So, how to overcome the shortcomings of the existing Type II collector and realize real-time management of user power information is an urgent technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve.

Contents of the invention

Purpose: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the existing technology, the present invention provides a high-speed power data collection terminal and a control method thereof to realize minute-level collection of power data, ensure that important information is not lost, and support the construction of the energy Internet.

Technical solution: First aspect, a high-speed collection terminal for electric energy data, including: power module, carrier module, infrared module, meter reading 485 module, data processing module and storage module. The carrier module, infrared module, and meter reading 485 module are connected to the data processing module through the security encryption module, and the data processing module is connected to the storage module.

The power module is used to provide power to all modules of all collection terminals.

The carrier module is used to communicate with the concentrator or other collection terminals.

The infrared module is used to communicate with the infrared module of the mobile smart device.

The meter reading 485 module is used to collect the electric energy data of the electric meter through the 485 module.

The security encryption module is used to encrypt the data output by the data processing module and then output it through the communication module.

The storage module is used to store the electric energy data collected by the communication module and the electric energy data processed by the data processing module.

The data processing module is used to analyze and process the electric energy data collected by the communication module.

As a preferred solution, the security encryption module uses a built-in security encryption chip.

As a preferred solution, the storage module uses FLASH.

As a preferred solution, the data processing module uses a high-performance industrial-grade processor.

In the second aspect, a control method for a high-speed power data collection terminal includes the following steps:

Step 1: The collection terminal collects minute-level electricity consumption information of multiple energy meters through the meter reading 485 module according to the priority policy.

Step 2: The collection terminal stores the minute-level power consumption information according to different categories.

Step 3: The collection terminal packages and frames the stored minute-level power consumption information of multiple energy meters, and the collection terminal communicates with the concentrator through the carrier module.

As a preferred solution, the priority policy includes:

1) Relay tasks > Scheduled tasks.

2) The priority of scheduled tasks includes: 1-minute task > 15-minute task > 60-minute task > daily frozen task > monthly frozen task.

> means priority over. High-priority collection tasks are completed first, and low-priority tasks can be interrupted. Only after the high-priority tasks are completed can the low-priority tasks be carried out.

As a preferred solution, the minute-level power consumption information includes: 1-minute power consumption data, 15-minute power consumption data, daily freezing data, monthly freezing data and 15-minute curve data.

As a preferred solution, the collection terminal stores the minute-level power consumption information according to different categories, including:

1-minute power consumption data starts every minute, and the data read in the current minute is the data of the previous minute.

15-minute power consumption data starts the 15-minute task at 5 minutes, 20 minutes, 35 minutes, and 50 minutes to read the current 15-minute data.

Daily Freeze Collection Task: Start the daily freeze task at 0:20 every day and read the task data.

The monthly freezing collection task starts the monthly freezing task at 0:25 after the month and reads the task data.

The 15-minute curve data is divided into 2 readings. The 48-point curve data between 00:00 and 12:00 is read starting at 12:15 every day; the 12:00-00 of the previous day is read at 00:15 the next day. :00 48-point curve data.

As a preferred solution, DI expansion is performed on minute-level power consumption information, as follows:

1-minute power consumption data includes: voltage, phase line current, and active power; the extended DI is 0x08080808.

The 15-minute power consumption data includes: single-phase meter, voltage, phase line current, active power, neutral current, forward active energy display, reverse active energy display, and event record number; the extended DI is 0x0B0B0B0B.

The daily frozen data includes: forward active energy display and reverse active energy display; the extended DI is 0x09090909.

Monthly frozen data items: forward active energy display, reverse active energy display; extended DI is 0x0a0a0a0a.

Relay tasks include: general events and important events; the extended DI of general events is 0x0C0C0C0C; the extended DI of important events is 0x0D0D0D0D.

As a preferred solution, the specific format of the frame is as follows:

The 1st byte: Frame header, indicating the start of a frame of information between the concentrator and the collection terminal, defined as 0x55.

Bytes 2 to 3: Frame identification, unique identification of the frame, specified by the command initiator. It accumulates from 0 and returns to 0 at 65535. The response frame keeps the frame identification unchanged.

Byte 4: Collection terminal number, representing the collection terminal number communicating with the current concentrator. When the collector number is 0, it is a broadcast signal, indicating that a command is issued to the collection terminal under the current concentrator.

The 5th byte: Data field length, indicating the byte length of the data field of this frame;

Byte 6: Control code, the control type of data sent by the concentrator to the collection terminal.

As a preferred solution, the concentrator's commands include:

Error status word: 0 means communication timeout, 1 means invalid data unit, 2 means length error, 3 means verification error, 4 means information type does not exist, 5 means format error, 6 means duplicate table number, 7 means table number does not exist. , 8 means no response from the meter application layer, 9 to 255 are reserved.

Initialization: It is required to execute the pause command first, and then execute the initialization command after the routing module stops all the work being executed. After receiving the issued initialization command, the collection terminal initializes the hardware, parameter area, and data area respectively. The parameter area is set to the default value, the data area is cleared, and the control is released.

Click command: The collection terminal collects the reading data of all electric energy meters according to the node address.

The collection terminal issues downstream commands to the received concentrator. If the collection terminal supports downstream commands, it returns a confirmation frame. If the collection terminal does not support downstream commands or receives incorrect downstream commands, a negative frame will be returned.

As a preferred solution, the collection terminal sending data to the concentrator includes:

1) After the collection terminal sends the data frame to the concentrator, the timeout time is 2 seconds, and the number of retransmissions after reading failure is 2 times.

2) The data frame sending interval is 500ms.

3) Start condition: If the response data from the concentrator or the 1-minute data cannot be received, or the 15-minute data is the same as the last data, the collection terminal resends the data frame.

As a preferred solution, the collection terminal has an event reporting function. The event reporting function provides an IO port through the MCU and is connected to the event pin of the carrier main chip. When the MCU periodically reads the event status word, it is found that the status word has changed. The corresponding events are read locally and saved first. The concentrator with the 05F2 command is set to allow reporting from the node and report the locally stored events to the concentrator.

As a preferred solution, the collection terminal supports broadcast time synchronization commands for correcting the clock of the collection terminal.

Beneficial effects: The invention provides a high-speed electric energy data collection terminal and its control method, which combines high-speed carrier communication technology and self-organizing network technology to communicate downwardly with the RS485 interface of the electric meter and upwardly through HPLC power carrier communication, which can achieve minute-level Frequency high-speed collection to improve the accuracy of power consumption data and the reliability of data collection.

In addition, the present invention frames the electric energy data of multiple electricity meters and multiple data items, transmits it to the superior equipment concentrator, and forwards control commands and response information to realize monitoring of electricity consumption information stations; and adds a security encryption module to protect the data. Protect information to prevent information from being stolen and leaked. It can be widely used in scenarios such as power information management, energy management, and power environment data collection.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-speed electric energy data collection terminal of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic connection diagram of the high-speed electric energy data collection terminal of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of the control method of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a system topology diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a high-speed power data collection terminal includes: power module, carrier module, infrared module, meter reading 485 module, data processing module and storage module. The carrier module, infrared module, and meter reading 485 module are connected to the data processing module through the security encryption module, and the data processing module is connected to the storage module.

The power module is used to provide power to all modules of all collection terminals.

The carrier module includes: a broadband carrier module and a high-speed narrowband carrier module, which are used to communicate with the concentrator or other collection terminals.

The infrared module is used to communicate with the infrared module of the mobile smart device.

The meter reading 485 module is used to collect the electric energy data of the electric meter through the 485 module.

The security encryption module is used to encrypt the data output by the data processing module and then output it through the communication module. The security encryption module uses a built-in security encryption chip, uses secure boot technology to prevent firmware from being tampered with, and uses a trusted computing module to prevent systems and applications from being illegally modified. The security encryption module can realize VPN communication with the superior management center to ensure data security. By remotely collecting the status of superior equipment, the management platform can remotely prove whether the terminal is in a trusted state, and effectively support the solution to remote security upgrade problems of firmware, operating systems, and applications.

The storage module is used to store the electric energy data collected by the communication module and the electric energy data processed by the data processing module. The storage module uses FLASH.

The data processing module is used to analyze and process the electric energy data collected by the communication module. It adopts high-performance industrial-grade processor and supports a variety of communication interfaces such as serial port, 485, network port, infrared and other wireless communication methods.

As shown in Figure 2, when a high-speed collection terminal for electric energy data is used, the collection terminal is connected to each meter on the 485 bus through the meter reading 485 module. Each collection terminal communicates with the concentrator connected to the power grid through the carrier module. . Data transmission adopts full-duplex mode.

As shown in Figure 3, a control method for a high-speed power data acquisition terminal includes the following steps:

Step 1: The collection terminal collects minute-level electricity consumption information of multiple energy meters through the meter reading 485 module according to the priority policy.

The priority strategies include:

1) Relay tasks > Scheduled tasks.

2) The priority of scheduled tasks includes: 1-minute task > 15-minute task > 60-minute task > daily frozen task > monthly frozen task.

> means priority over. High-priority collection tasks are completed first, and low-priority tasks can be interrupted. After the high-priority tasks are completed, the low-priority tasks can be carried out.

Step 2: The collection terminal stores the minute-level power consumption information according to different categories.

The minute-level electricity consumption information includes: 1-minute electricity consumption data, 15-minute electricity consumption data, daily frozen data, monthly frozen data, and 15-minute curve data.

The collection terminal stores the minute-level electricity consumption information according to different categories, including:

a) 1-minute collection task: Started every minute, the data read in the current minute is the data of the previous minute.

b) 15-minute real-time data: Start the 15-minute task (real-time data) at 5 minutes, 20 minutes, 35 minutes, and 50 minutes, and read the current 15-minute data.

c) Daily freezing collection task: The daily freezing task is started at 0:20 every day.

d) Monthly freezing collection task: Start the monthly freezing task at 0:25 of the past month.

e) 15-minute curve task: divided into 2 readings, starting at 12:15 every day to read the 48-point curve data between 00:00 and 12:00; reading 12:00 of the previous day at 00:15 the next day. 48-point curve data from 00~00:00.

In order to support the collection of multiple data items required through one data identifier, DI expansion has been performed on minute-level electricity consumption information, as follows:

1-minute power consumption data includes: voltage, phase line current, and active power; the extended DI is 0x08080808.

The 15-minute power consumption data includes: single-phase meter, voltage, phase line current, active power, neutral current, forward active energy display, reverse active energy display, and event record number; the extended DI is 0x0B0B0B0B.

The daily frozen data includes: forward active energy display and reverse active energy display; the extended DI is 0x09090909.

Monthly frozen data items: forward active energy display, reverse active energy display; extended DI is 0x0a0a0a0a.

Relay tasks include: general events and important events; the extended DI of general events is 0x0C0C0C0C; the extended DI of important events is 0x0D0D0D0D.

Step 3: The collection terminal packages and frames the stored minute-level power consumption information of multiple energy meters, and the collection terminal communicates with the concentrator through the carrier module.

The specific format of the frame is as follows:

The 1st byte: Frame header, indicating the start of a frame of information between the concentrator and the collection terminal, defined as 0x55.

Bytes 2 to 3: Frame identification, unique identification of the frame, specified by the command initiator. It accumulates from 0 and returns to 0 at 65535. The response frame keeps the frame identification unchanged.

Byte 4: Collection terminal number, representing the collection terminal number communicating with the current concentrator, for example: No. 1, No. 2, etc. When the collector number is 0, it is a broadcast signal, indicating that a command is issued to the collection terminal under the current concentrator.

The 5th byte: Data field length, indicating the byte length of the data field of this frame;

Byte 6: Control code, the control type sent by the concentrator to the collection terminal data. The control types include: writing data, reading data, adding meter data, etc. It is composed of 8-bit binary code, the first three digits are frame flag items, and the last five digits are function codes.

The collection terminal communicates with the concentrator through the carrier module including:

a) The collection terminal communicates with the concentrator, receives and responds to the concentrator's commands, and transmits data to the concentrator.

b) The collection terminal serves as a relay to support communication forwarding between the concentrator and other collectors.

c) The collection terminal encrypts the data and transmits it to the concentrator.

The concentrator commands include:

Error status word: 0 means communication timeout, 1 means invalid data unit, 2 means length error, 3 means verification error, 4 means information type does not exist, 5 means format error, 6 means duplicate table number, 7 means table number does not exist. , 8 means no response from the meter application layer, 9 to 255 are reserved.

Initialization: It is required to execute the pause command first, and then execute the initialization command after the routing module stops all the work being executed. After receiving the issued initialization command, the collection terminal initializes the hardware, parameter area, and data area respectively. The parameter area is set to the default value, the data area is cleared, and the control is released.

Hardware initialization: The module performs a reset operation, and the concentrator can reset the module as needed. For example, the module crashes and does not respond to commands.

Parameter area initialization: delete all the loaded master node address, meter address and other information. A confirmation frame is returned after initialization. After initialization, the master node address returns to the default value 6*BBH.

Data area initialization: Delete all routing relay information, actively registered nodes and other related information, stop routing learning, and then respond with a confirmation message. This command can be executed if the concentrator believes that the existing relay path in the module is untrustworthy.

Click command: The collection terminal collects the reading data of all electric energy meters according to the node address.

The collection terminal issues downstream commands to the received concentrator. If the collection terminal supports downstream commands, it returns a confirmation frame. If the collection terminal does not support downlink commands or receives incorrect downlink commands, a negative frame will be returned.

When the concentrator clicks, the acquisition terminal responds to read data according to the protocol frame format. If the collection terminal does not read the meter data, it will reply with a negative frame (ERR=8) indicating that the meter has no response. The number and address of the slave node's affiliated nodes in the downlink frame are empty (the affiliated node identifier in the information field is 0). The master node address in the address field in the instruction must be consistent with the previously set master node address for normal communication. For example:

Concentrator: 68 2C 00 41 04 00 00 00 00 00 BB BB BB BB BB BB 81 00 00 0000 00 13 01 00 01 00 0E 68 81 00 00 00 00 00 68 01 02 43 C3 5a 16 1 5 16

The collection terminal returns: 68 2F 00 81 04 00 00 00 00 00 81 00 00 00 00 00 BB BB BBBB BB BB 13 01 00 01 12 68 81 00 00 00 00 00 68 81 06 43 C3 33 33 33 3 3 AA 16F9 16

The collection terminal supports meter reading using the relay path specified by the concentrator, such as

Collection terminal identification: 1 means working in bypass mode;

Relay level: 2 means level 2 relay routing is specified (11 00 00 00 00 00, 21 00 00 00 0000 respectively);

Concentrator: 68 38 00 41 25 00 00 00 00 00 BB BB BB BB BB BB 11 00 00 0000 00 21 00 00 00 00 00 41 00 00 00 00 00 13 01 00 01 00 0E 68 41 00 00 00 0000 68 01 02 43 C3 1A 16 A8 16.

The collection terminal sending data to the concentrator includes:

1) After the collection terminal sends the data frame to the concentrator, the timeout time is 2 seconds, and the number of retransmissions after reading failure is 2 times.

2) The data frame sending interval is 500ms.

3) Start condition: If the response data from the concentrator or the 1-minute data cannot be received, or the 15-minute data is the same as the last data, the collection terminal resends the data frame.

Further, the collection terminal has an event reporting function, and the reporting events at least include: recording parameter changes, meter reading failure, terminal shutdown/power-on and other events. The event reporting function provides an IO port through the MCU, which is connected to the event pin (event) of the carrier main chip. When the MCU periodically reads the event status word, it finds that the status word has changed, and reads the corresponding event and saves it locally. The concentrator with the 05F2 command allows slave nodes to report locally stored events to the concentrator.

Furthermore, the collection terminal supports broadcast time synchronization commands, which are used to correct the clock of the collection terminal.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 4, when the collection terminal is used in an 11-story building, one collection terminal is set up on each floor. The collection terminal on each floor is connected to 6-8 energy meters on that floor through the 485 bus. 11 The station acquisition terminal receives the energy meter data reading and control instructions issued by the concentrator through the uplink carrier channel, and forwards them to the downstream in real time through protocol conversion (the uplink channel communication protocol is converted into the RS-485 interface single-phase electronic energy meter communication protocol) The connected 485 electric energy meter then sends the response data of the electric energy meter back to the concentrator. The concentrator uploads the data to the main station or uploads it to the IoT management platform through the IoT agent.

The collection terminal supports the concentrator's forwarding of all data reading (including extended data identification set), broadcast time correction, and closing control of the 485 meter. The collection terminal classifies and stores data, forming historical daily data such as the total and positive active energy indications of each rate, and saving the total active energy data of key users' energy meters in the last 24 hours. in:

1) 15-minute curve: In the 15-minute curve data, each data item is collected 96 times a day. After calculation, the design capacity of the current collectors on the market cannot cache the historical load curves of up to 64 measurement points in the concentrator, and can only store up to 48 point data of the load curve.

The current collection strategy with the edge IoT agent is to read the 96-point curve data in two times, reading 48 point data at a time; after 12:00 on the same day, read 48 points between 00:00 and 12:00 Point curve data; after 00:00 of the next day, read the 48 point curve data between 12:00 and 00:00 of the previous day, and overwrite and store them in a loop.

The priority strategy is as follows:

1) The collection terminal directly transmits the relay task transparently.

2) Scheduled tasks are executed in sequence according to the priority of scheduled collection tasks. The triggering (starting) rules for scheduled collection tasks are as follows:

a) 1-minute collection task: started every minute, the data read in the current minute is the data of the previous minute.

b) 15-minute real-time data: Start the 15-minute task (real-time data) at 5 minutes, 20 minutes, 35 minutes, and 50 minutes, and read the current 15-minute data.

c) Daily freezing collection task: The daily freezing task is started at 0:20 every day.

d) Monthly freezing collection task: Start the monthly freezing task at 0:25 of the past month.

e) 15-minute curve task: divided into 2 readings, starting at 12:15 every day to read the 48-point curve data between 00:00 and 12:00; reading 12:00 of the previous day at 00:15 the next day. 48-point curve data from 00~00:00.

For an electric meter, the collection terminal is equivalent to a carrier communication module of the electric meter; for a concentrator, the collection terminal is equivalent to a sub-node in the carrier communication network, forming a communication network with other sub-nodes.

The collection terminal obtains the electric meter address by using wildcards to read the electric meter communication address, or searches and enters the electric meter address in the communication network, and matches all electric meter addresses one-to-one with the address table in the collection terminal.

The invention improves the meter reading efficiency of the electricity information collection system, and can store the electricity meter data locally and package it and forward it to the superior equipment concentrator; especially when multiple electricity meters are connected on site, it can realize 1-minute collection of electricity meter data. 15-minute level collection, collection of daily frozen data, monthly frozen data, events, and alarm data. The new high-speed electric energy data acquisition terminal collects electric energy information from multiple electric energy meters and can exchange data with the concentrator; it is an important equipment in the low-voltage centralized reading system.

The invention can realize data collection of electricity consumption information, timely statistics of line losses in the station area, discover abnormal faults of users' electricity meters, analyze users' electricity consumption patterns, save meter reading labor costs, reduce omissions and errors, establish a measurement automation system, and effectively provide The collector directly forwards commands and data between the concentrator and the energy meter for high automation level of marketing business processing such as reading, checking, and collecting.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those of ordinary skill in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications can also be made. should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A control method of a high-speed electric energy data acquisition terminal, wherein the high-speed electric energy data acquisition terminal comprises the following steps: the meter reading device comprises a power supply module, a carrier module, an infrared module, a meter reading 485 module, a data processing module and a storage module; the carrier module, the infrared module and the meter reading 485 module are connected with the data processing module through the security encryption module, and the data processing module is connected with the storage module;

the power supply module is used for providing power supply for all modules of all the acquisition terminals;

the carrier module is used for communicating with a concentrator or other acquisition terminals;

the infrared module is used for communicating with the infrared module of the mobile intelligent device;

the meter reading 485 module is used for collecting electric energy data of an electric meter through the meter reading 485 module;

the safety encryption module is used for encrypting the data output by the data processing module and outputting the data through the carrier module;

the storage module is used for storing the electric energy data acquired by the meter reading 485 module and the electric energy data processed by the data processing module;

the data processing module is used for analyzing and processing the electric energy data acquired by the meter reading 485 module; the method is characterized in that:

the control method comprises the following steps:

step 1: the acquisition terminal acquires minute-level electricity utilization information of a plurality of electric energy meters through the meter reading 485 module according to a priority strategy;

step 2: the acquisition terminal stores the power consumption information according to different categories of the minute-level power consumption information;

step 3, the acquisition terminal packs and frames the stored minute-level power consumption information of a plurality of electric energy meters, and the acquisition terminal communicates with the concentrator through the carrier module;

the priority policy includes:

1) Relay task > timing task;

2) The timed task priority includes: 1 minute task >15 minutes task >60 minutes task > day frozen task > month frozen task;

> signifying priority; the high-priority acquisition task is completed preferentially, and the low-priority task can be interrupted; after the high-priority task is completed, the side can perform the low-priority task;

the minute-level electricity consumption includes: 1 minute electricity data, 15 minute electricity data, day freeze data, month freeze data, and 15 minute curve data;

the acquisition terminal stores according to different categories of minute-level electricity information, including:

starting the power consumption data for 1 minute every minute, wherein the data read in the current minute is the data of the last minute;

starting a 15-minute task at 5 minutes, 20 minutes, 35 minutes and 50 minutes by using the electricity data for 15 minutes, and reading the data of the current 15 minutes;

day freezing acquisition tasks are started at 0 time 20 minutes a day, and task data are read;

the month freezing acquisition task is started 25 minutes after the month 0, and task data are read;

the 15 minute profile data was divided into 2 readings, 12 per day: 15 starts to read 48 point curve data between 00:00 and 12:00; the next day 00:15 reads 48 point curve data from 12:00-00:00 of the previous day;

DI extension is performed on minute-level electricity consumption, specifically as follows:

the 1 minute electricity data includes: voltage, phase line current, active power; extended DI is 0x08080808;

the 15-minute electricity consumption data includes: single-phase meter, voltage, phase line current, active power, zero line current, forward active electric energy indication, reverse active electric energy indication and event record number; extended DI is 0x0B0B0B0B;

day-freeze data includes: forward active power indication and reverse active power indication; extended DI is 0x09090909;

month frozen data item: forward active power indication and reverse active power indication; extended DI is 0x0a0a0a0a;

the relay tasks include: general events, important events; the DI of a general event extension is 0x0C0C0C0C; the DI of the critical event extension is 0x0D0D0D 0;

the specific format of the frame is as follows:

byte 1: a frame header, representing the beginning of a frame of information between the concentrator and the acquisition terminal, defined as 0x55;

byte 2-3: frame identification, frame unique identification, specified by command initiator, from 0 accumulation to 65535 back to 0, response frame keeping frame identification unchanged;

byte 4: the acquisition terminal number represents the acquisition terminal number communicated with the current concentrator; when the collector number is 0, the signal is a broadcast signal, which indicates that a command is sent to a collecting terminal under the current concentrator;

byte 5: the data field length, the byte length of the frame data field of the present frame;

byte 6: the control code is sent to the control type of the data of the acquisition terminal by the concentrator;

the command of the concentrator includes:

error status word: 0 is communication timeout, 1 is invalid data unit, 2 is length error, 3 is checking error, 4 is information type nonexistence, 5 is format error, 6 is table number repetition, 7 is table number nonexistence, 8 is ammeter application layer non-response, 9-255 reserve;

initializing: requiring to execute a pause command first, and executing an initialization command after stopping all executing works; after receiving the issued initialization command, the acquisition terminal initializes the hardware, the parameter area and the data area respectively, the parameter area is set as a default value, the data area is cleared, and the control is released;

and (5) a reading command: the acquisition terminal acquires reading data of all the electric energy meters according to the node addresses;

the acquisition terminal receives the downlink command of the concentrator, and if the acquisition terminal supports the downlink command, a confirmation frame is returned; if the acquisition terminal does not support the downlink command or receives the wrong downlink command, returning a denial frame;

the data transmission from the acquisition terminal to the concentrator comprises the following steps:

1) After the acquisition terminal sends a data frame to the concentrator, the overtime time is 2 seconds, and the retransmission times after the reading failure are 2 times;

2) The data frame transmission interval is 500ms;

3) Starting conditions: the response data of the concentrator is not received or the received 1 minute data is not received, or the 15 minutes data is the same as the last data, and the acquisition terminal retransmits the data frame;

the acquisition terminal has an event reporting function, the event reporting function provides an IO port through the MCU, the IO port is connected with an event pin of the carrier main chip, when the MCU reads an event status word periodically, the status word is found to change, the corresponding event is read to be stored locally, a concentrator provided with a 05F2 command allows the slave node to report the event stored locally to the concentrator;

the acquisition terminal supports broadcasting time setting commands and is used for timing the clock of the acquisition terminal.