CN115037600A - A low-power IoT platform supporting long-term connection and its device and management method - Google Patents

Abstract

A low-power IoT platform supporting long-term connection, equipment and management method thereof, belonging to the technical field of IoT. On the edge side, the terminal layer is the bottom device; the operating system edge side and the IoT platform cloud exchange messages through websocket/MQTT connection to achieve data collaboration, application collaboration, and management collaboration; the operating system edge side is deployed on edge hardware. Containerized firmware; containerized firmware has built-in device shadow module, security control module, time series database module and message queue module. The platform, device and method of the present invention realize the data collaboration, application collaboration and management collaboration between the cloud and the cloud, reduce the transmission cost by utilizing the reliable message transmission of the cloud and the edge, shorten the waiting time between data and decision, and improve the service quality.

Description

A low-power IoT platform supporting long-term connection and its device and management method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of the Internet of Things, and in particular relates to an Internet of Things platform, equipment and management method for providing full-scene services such as rapid access of massive heterogeneous devices, device management, data analysis and edge intelligence.

Background technique

Modern IoT technology has been deeply integrated into all aspects of society, such as municipal, gas, water, construction and other industries. The Internet of Things technology is the exchange and transmission of information between objects through information sensing equipment. The Internet of Things can not only perform intelligent identification, but also achieve effective positioning and tracking, real-time monitoring, and plays an important role in security management. Especially, in the construction industry where the number of machinery and equipment is huge, the on-site management is extremely difficult, and it is difficult to ensure high-efficiency construction operations; and the pipeline structure of the gas pipeline network is becoming denser, more complex, and updated more and more frequently. In the gas industry where pipelines are prone to blockage and leakage, the IoT technology enables the full-life-cycle management and control system to appear in a timely manner, making managers more "sight-sighted" and becoming a tool for solving problems. IoT technology can effectively prevent and respond to various emergencies, in order to meet the needs of industry development and escort urban economic and social development.

However, the applicability of the IoT platform is complex due to the complexity of various industry scenarios and many feature requirements. The IoT platform design also faces the following problems:

(1) The problem of equipment diversity: There are many equipment and instruments in the IoT industry. The same equipment is used in different scenarios and has different acquisition parameters. Manufacturers of integrated equipment customize their own equipment and protocols, which increases the diversity and complexity of equipment. Device diversity brings challenges to device access and device modeling. Therefore, how to quickly access devices, establish device models, and manage them in a unified manner is a problem that must be solved by the IoT platform.

(2) Protocol complexity: IoT protocols cover different layers such as physical layer, link layer, transport layer, and application layer. Commonly used in the industry include standard IoT protocols such as CoAP, LwM2M, and MQTT, and also involve OPC-UA, Industrial protocols such as OPC-DA, ModbusRTU and Modbus TCP, low power consumption and wireless as well as BLE, NB-IoT and LoRa, etc. Due to the large variety of devices, various connection media, low power consumption, and multiple complex scenarios, communication includes wireless, wired and other forms, and there are also a large number of customized protocols based on TCP/UDP for devices. Therefore, it is very difficult to flexibly configure and manage multiple rules and policies on the platform, complete the protocol conversion quickly, conveniently and ensure data security, parse the protocol to obtain valid data and report it in an accurate, timely and orderly manner.

(3) Mass data storage problem: The real-time monitoring data of equipment and sensors can reach TB or more per day. How to collect, transmit, store, and analyze and calculate data involves high concurrent read and write TPS and QPS requirements; as data accumulates over time ( For example, the default storage for more than half a year) reaches the level of 100 billion, and the IOPS parameters of the cloud hard disk and the performance requirements of the database server will also be improved; real-time monitoring requires second-level data accuracy and timeliness. Therefore, performance, security And reliability is the difficulty that the IoT platform must deal with.

(4) Remote and automatic control issues: The area, location and business form covered by the business require the Internet of Things to support remote control and unattended operation. With the industry's improvement in the refinement of safe operation and management, smart stations and smart applications also put forward higher requirements for remote and automatic control; low-power scenarios face complex situations such as signal interference, device sleep and offline. The accuracy and timeliness of control are also issues to be considered.

(5) Security control of business applications: in unattended stations and in business and application fields with security level requirements, it is necessary to consider the redundancy and switching of links and communications at the same time. Public network and intranet, wired and wireless, and dual wireless all exist in the actual field, APN and ordinary 2/3/4G cards, telecom, mobile, China Unicom multiple operators, therefore, fixed ip and dynamic ip and other forms It brings huge pressure on configuration and management to the link management and security control of the platform.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the technical bottlenecks in five aspects existing in the above-mentioned existing Internet of Things platform technology, the present invention provides a low-power Internet of Things platform that supports long-term connection, its equipment and management method, and the platform and equipment can simultaneously take into account centralized collection, remote control and Edge-cloud collaboration, especially under the condition of long connection and low power consumption, can realize unified connection management and achieve efficient protocol analysis.

Its specific technical solutions are as follows:

A low-power IoT platform that supports long-term connections. The IoT platform is divided into three layers: cloud, edge, and terminal. The cloud layer is the cloud of the IoT platform, the edge layer is the edge side of the operating system, and the terminal layer is the bottommost device;

The IoT platform cloud includes 6 modules, and the 6 modules are a connection management module, a message queuing module, a rule engine module, a security authentication module, a private or managed cloud platform module, and a cloud service module;

The edge side of the operating system includes 8 modules, and the 8 modules are an edge application module, an open API module, a communication bus module, an edge node component module, a runtime component module, a data storage component module, a security control component module and an OS. Kemel Docker module;

The edge side of the operating system and the cloud of the IoT platform perform message interaction through websocket/MQTT connection, so as to achieve data collaboration, application collaboration and management collaboration; the terminal layer can be directly connected to the cloud IoT platform, or connected to the cloud through an edge gateway proxy IoT platform.

The direct connection is a 3G, 4G, wired or wireless connection;

The terminal layer and the cloud IoT platform perform data transmission through the LTE Cat-NB1 or NB-IoT protocol;

Containerized firmware is deployed on edge hardware on the edge side of the operating system;

The edge side of the operating system is located at the data source side of the Internet of Things. The edge side of the operating system integrates network, computing, storage and application core capabilities, and adopts a distributed mode to provide edge intelligent services nearby, meeting the needs of industry digitization in agile connections, real-time business, and data. Key requirements in optimization, application intelligence, security and privacy protection; the edge side of the operating system can serve as a bridge connecting the physical world and the digital world to realize intelligent equipment, intelligent gateways, intelligent systems and intelligent services.

In the above technical solution, the connection management module is specially responsible for managing a plurality of rules and policies, classifying and connecting the devices by protocol type, device type, access mode, etc., and presenting them in the form of a device map.

In the above technical solution, the message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, reasonably arrange the queues, improve the data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under the large data connection volume.

In the above technical solution, the rule engine module is responsible for parsing the data reported by the device and issuing control commands to the cloud; all services are decoupled through the rule engine, and the data can be directly dropped into the business system database through the rule engine, and can also be pushed to the service system database. In the message queue of the business system, it is used by the business system to flexibly customize the data flow logic.

In the above technical solution, the security authentication module is responsible for ensuring network communication security, defending against external attacks, and device access of different network links, including wired, wireless, 3G, 4G, fixed IP and adaptive IP.

In the above technical solution, the private or managed cloud platform module is to improve the scalability and security of the server.

In the above technical solution, the cloud service module is used to manage the cloud server, and the operation page is visualized to facilitate the direct management of the resources in the cloud.

In the above technical solution, the edge application module is used to manage the applications deployed in the device container. These applications are all necessary applications to realize the functions of the Internet of Things platform. Different types of devices need to use different applications, which are unified in the edge applications. manage.

In the above technical solution, the open API module is used for open and unified management of APIs used by all IoT platforms, so as to realize cross-region interaction.

In the above technical solution, the communication bus module is used to manage the data transmission on the edge side, uses the SPI bus protocol, supports multi-slave mode applications, and generally sets a single master; the clock is controlled by the master, and under the clock shift pulse, the data is bit-by-bit. Transmission, high-order first, low-order last (MSBfirst); SPI interface has 2 unidirectional data lines, which is full-duplex communication, and the data transmission rate in the IoT platform can reach 6Mbps.

In the above technical solution, the edge node component module is used to construct a business processing module on the edge side close to the user, provide resources such as storage, computing, and network, and sink some key business applications to the edge of the access network to reduce network transmission. and the loss of width and delay caused by multi-stage forwarding.

In the above technical solution, the runtime component module is the main process used to control the execution of the application program, that is, each application program will be controlled and executed by the runtime component module; the runtime component module will monitor the operation of each event, and Stores running state resource consumption information.

In the above technical solution, the data storage component module is responsible for edge-side storage of the data reported by the device, and stores the hot data reported by the device within a certain period of time; the data storage component module adopts the database design of postgre+TimescaleDB.

In the above technical solution, the security control component module is responsible for monitoring the current operating status of the equipment, for capturing equipment operating abnormality, monitoring the abnormal equipment status, supporting custom alarm rules, setting trigger thresholds, and directly sending equipment status alarm information.

In the above technical solution, the OS Kemel Docker module is the kernel of the customized operating system for the edge side device, so that the size of the customized system is controlled within 700M; at the same time, the OS Kemel Docker is also responsible for the interaction between the device and the cloud.

An IoT platform management system architecture is applied to the above-mentioned low-power IoT platform supporting long connections, and the management system architecture includes an edge layer, a PaaS layer and an application layer;

The edge layer is an edge gateway, and the edge gateway is respectively connected with an event-driven module, a message queue module and an intelligent model module;

The PaaS layer is divided into an IOT cloud service layer, an intelligent model service layer and a container cloud layer; the IOT cloud service layer is connected with a rule engine module, a device management module and a security authentication module; the intelligent model service layer is connected with a knowledge graph module , a machine learning module and a heterogeneous storage module; the container cloud layer is connected with a service grid module, a topology monitoring module and a resource scheduling module;

The application layer is connected with an asset management module, a monitoring system module, an intelligent valve control module and a large-screen display module.

A containerized firmware is applied to the edge side of the operating system of the above-mentioned low-power IoT platform that supports long connections, and the containerized firmware has a built-in device shadow module, a security control module, a time sequence database module, and a message queue module; the The device shadow module is used for real-time monitoring of device data reporting, as well as viewing the historical operation status and logs of the device, and setting thresholds to monitor the device; the security control module is responsible for ensuring the security of network communication, defending against external attacks, and protecting the network from different network links. Device access; the time series database module is used to store a large amount of historical data generated by several devices every day; the message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, arrange queues reasonably, improve data transmission efficiency, and ensure The stable operation of the platform under the large data connection volume.

In the above technical solution, the containerized firmware is connected with sensors and field devices.

A management method for a low-power IoT platform supporting long-term connections, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Containerized firmware is deployed on the edge hardware on the edge side of the operating system, and the containerized firmware has built-in device shadow modules, security control modules, timing database modules, and message queue modules;

Step 2: The containerized firmware unifies the data protocol and format of the field device and sensor access through protocol conversion, and organizes the data format;

Step 3: The containerized firmware transmits data to the IoT platform cloud through the edge Hub;

Step 4: The cloud of the IoT platform calculates and models the uploaded data;

Step 5: The IoT platform cloud sends model parameters and instruction information to the terminal layer, and the device at the terminal layer responds and performs corresponding operations.

Compared with the existing Internet of Things platform technology, the present invention provides a low-power consumption Internet of Things platform supporting long-term connection, its equipment and management method, and the beneficial effects are as follows:

1. The containerized firmware of the present invention can quickly access devices and sensors, and transmit data to the IoT platform cloud through the edge Hub. After the IoT platform cloud is set up with an edge layer, a PaaS layer, and an application layer, a device model can be established and integrated into the cloud. Tube. Quick access is achieved by establishing a device model. Different types of commonly used devices are established separately, and the configuration information is stored in the containerized firmware and completely stored in the cloud. When a new device is connected, directly deploy the containerized firmware and start the container. The container will send the configuration to the cloud according to the current model, and automatically download the software required for the model, and automatically complete the installation and go online on the cloud. From unpacking and power-on to the cloud, the whole process can be completed within 5 minutes.

2. The connection management module is specially responsible for managing multiple rules and policies. It classifies and manages devices through protocol types, device types, access methods, etc., and presents them in the form of device maps, enabling the platform to flexibly configure and manage multiple rules and Strategy, complete protocol conversion quickly, conveniently and ensure data security, parse the protocol to obtain valid data and report it in an accurate, timely and orderly manner.

3. The present invention realizes platform performance, safety and reliability by privatizing the cloud platform or hosting the public cloud. Compared with the local server, the cloud platform of the present invention has higher scalability, and has a complete disaster recovery system when encountering disasters. There is no data corruption, enabling platform performance, security and reliability.

Fourth, the present invention is realized by edge node components, and edge computing is performed in the edge node components. The traditional IoT platform aggregates all tasks and uploads them to the cloud for computing, which is inefficient and puts a lot of pressure on the server. The edge node component of the present invention directly executes computing tasks on the device side, and only pushes the calculation results to the cloud, so the computing efficiency is greatly improved, and the cold data is checked on the device side to ensure accuracy, because it is performed on the device side, Therefore, it will not cause additional pressure on the server, and can ensure the accuracy, and achieve the accuracy and timeliness of remote control.

Fifth, the present invention realizes link management and security control through the security control module. The network part of the security control module covers all network scenarios, including public and intranet, wired and wireless, fixed IP and dynamic IP, etc. The security control module also prevents network attacks. Thereby, various forms of link management and security control for the platform such as configuration and management of fixed ip and dynamic ip are realized.

6. The platform of the present invention supports data collection, data reporting, monitoring and alarming, and edge intelligent application distribution under long-term connection management, and utilizes reliable message transmission on the cloud side to reduce transmission costs and shorten the waiting time between data and decision-making. When the connection is smooth, the platform can maintain a long connection of the device through the netty framework, and also monitor the heartbeat of the device and set a timeout threshold to ensure the connection status of the online device. In addition, cloud-edge messaging can be delivered through mqtt technology, reducing transmission costs and shortening the waiting time between data and decision-making.

7. The device of the present invention popularizes the LTE Cat-NB1 or NB-IoT protocol, and can preferentially use the NB-IoT protocol for data transmission, which has higher transmission efficiency than other protocols, reduces transmission time and saves costs. According to the equipment area and network conditions, the base station equipment is selected, and the equipment within a certain range is used for local communication and data exchange. When data is reported, it is uniformly transmitted from the local network to the base station equipment, and is uniformly sent to the cloud by the base station equipment. The number of connections and responses to the cloud communication is greatly reduced, and the transmission cost is reduced.

8. In the containerized firmware of the present invention, the device shadow module is used for real-time monitoring of device data reporting, and can also view the historical operation status and logs of the device, and set thresholds to monitor the device. The security control module is responsible for ensuring network communication security, defending against external attacks, and device access of different network links, including wired, wireless, 3G, 4G, fixed IP and adaptive IP. The time series database module is used to store a large amount of historical data generated by multiple devices every day. Compared with ordinary database storage methods, the query speed is faster and the space is smaller. The message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, arrange the queue reasonably, improve the data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under the large data connection volume.

9. The edge node component module of the present invention is used to construct a business processing module on the edge side close to the user, provide resources such as storage, computing, and network, and sink some key business applications to the edge of the access network, so as to reduce network transmission and multiplication. Width and delay loss caused by stage forwarding. Compared with cloud data centers, edge nodes have the characteristics of miniaturization, short construction period, distributed, and closer to users (the last mile). It can process data at the edge of the network, reduce request response time, reduce network bandwidth, and ensure Data security and privacy.

10. The data storage component module of the present invention is responsible for the edge side storage of the data reported by the device, and stores the hot data reported by the device within a certain period of time; the data storage component module adopts the database design of postgre+TimescaleDB, which can make the data reading rate faster. Faster, higher compression ratio, save storage space and extend hot data timeline.

11. The OS Kemel Docker module of the present invention is the kernel of the customized operating system for edge side devices, and the redundant part in the native system is deleted, so that the size of the customized system is controlled within 700M. At the same time, OS Kemel Docker is also responsible for the interaction between the device and the cloud. When the device system is initialized, the device information will be automatically registered in the cloud, and the edge device will go online to establish a connection between the edge and the cloud.

In conclusion, the platform, device and method of the present invention realize data collaboration, application collaboration and management collaboration of edge-cloud, reduce transmission cost by utilizing reliable message transmission of cloud-edge, shorten the waiting time between data and decision, and improve service quality.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-power IoT platform supporting long connections according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an IoT platform management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a containerized firmware according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a connection between containerized firmware, a device, and a networking platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a management method of a low-power IoT platform supporting long-term connection according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings 1-5, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1

The platform, device and method of the present embodiment are applied to a certain gas operation equipment system. Taking safe operation, efficient operation, and serving users as the core idea, taking the operation and maintenance of the pipe network as the core goal, using the Internet of Things platform to perceive, integrate and analyze various key information of the urban gas operation system, and provide gas companies with coverage of pipe network planning and design , engineering construction, pipeline network transmission and distribution, equipment emergency maintenance, pipeline network transformation, pipeline network management, operation monitoring, comprehensive enterprise operation of the entire life cycle of the information management tool of the pipeline network, to achieve information fusion, service expansion, gas volume prediction and assistance decision making. Through the information management of each key business link of the gas pipeline network, it helps the gas enterprises to realize the intelligence and refinement of the daily operation management and control, and finally guarantees the stability and safety of the gas pipeline network operation.

A low-power IoT platform that supports long connections, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, the IoT platform is divided into three layers: cloud, edge, and end; the cloud layer is the cloud of the IoT platform; the edge layer is the operating system edge The end layer is the bottom layer of equipment, such as intelligent pipeline equipment, intelligent gas network, intelligent field station, intelligent gas meter, gas alarm, etc. in the gas operation equipment system. Among them, the IoT platform cloud includes 6 modules, and the 6 modules are connection management modules, which are specially responsible for managing multiple rules and policies, and classify and connect devices through protocol types, device types, and access methods. Presented in the form of a device map; the message queuing module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, arrange the queues reasonably, improve the efficiency of data transmission, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under large data connections; the rule engine module, which uses It is responsible for parsing the data reported by the device and issuing control commands to the cloud; all services are decoupled through the rule engine. Through the rule engine, the data can be directly dropped into the business system database, and can also be pushed to the business system message queue for use by the business system. Flexible customization of data flow logic; security authentication module, responsible for ensuring network communication security, defending against external attacks, and device access of different network links, including wired, wireless, 3G, 4G, fixed IP and adaptive IP; private or managed cloud The platform module is used to improve the scalability and security of the server; the cloud service module is used to manage the cloud server and visualize the operation page, which is convenient to directly manage the resources in the cloud. Among them, the edge side of the operating system includes 8 modules, and the 8 modules are edge application modules, which are used to manage the applications deployed in the device container. These applications are all necessary applications to realize the functions of the IoT platform. Different types of devices Different applications need to be used for unified management at the edge; the open API module is used for open and unified management of APIs used by all IoT platforms to achieve cross-regional interaction; the communication bus module is used to manage data on the edge side Transmission, use SPI bus protocol, support multi-slave mode applications, generally set a single master, the clock is controlled by the master, under the clock shift pulse, the data is transmitted bit by bit, the high order is first, the low order is last (MSBfirst), the SPI interface has 2 A one-way data line is full-duplex communication, and the data transmission rate in the IoT platform can reach 6Mbps; the edge node component module is used to build a business processing module on the edge side close to the user, providing storage, computing, network, etc. resources, and sink some key business applications to the edge of the access network to reduce the width and delay loss caused by network transmission and multi-level forwarding. Compared with cloud data centers, edge nodes have the advantages of miniaturization, short construction period, distributed , closer to the user (last mile) characteristics, realize the processing of data at the edge of the network, reduce request response time, reduce network bandwidth while ensuring data security and privacy. The runtime component module is the main process used to control the execution of the application program, that is, each application program will be controlled and executed by the runtime component module. The runtime component module will monitor the operation of each event and store the running state resource consumption information. ;Data storage module, the data storage module is responsible for the edge side storage of the data reported by the device, and stores the hot data reported by the device within a certain period of time; the data storage module adopts the database design of postgre+TimescaleDB, which can make the data read rate Faster, higher compression rate, save storage space, and extend thermal data timeline; security control component module, responsible for monitoring the current operating status of the equipment, used to capture the abnormal status of the equipment during operation, monitor the abnormal status of the equipment, and support custom alarm rules , set the trigger threshold, and directly send the device status alarm information; OS Kemel Docker module is the kernel of the customized operating system for edge devices, and the redundant part in the native system is deleted, so that the size of the customized system is controlled within 700M . At the same time, OS Kemel Docker is also responsible for the interaction between the device and the cloud. When the device system is initialized, the device information will be automatically registered in the cloud, and the edge device will go online to establish a connection between the edge and the cloud.

The edge side of the operating system and the cloud of the IoT platform exchange messages through websocket/MQTT connection to achieve data collaboration, application collaboration and management collaboration; the terminal layer can be directly connected to the cloud IoT platform by 3G, 4G, wired or wireless, or Connect to the cloud IoT platform through the edge gateway agent; the terminal layer and the cloud IoT platform perform data transmission through the LTE Cat-NB1 or NB-IoT protocol. On the edge side of the operating system, containerized firmware is deployed on edge hardware, and the containerized firmware is connected to sensors and gas operating equipment, such as smart pipeline equipment, smart gas network, smart field station, smart gas meter, gas alarm, etc.; the operating system edge The side is located at the data source side of the Internet of Things, and the edge side of the operating system integrates the core capabilities of network, computing, storage and application, and adopts a distributed mode to provide edge intelligent services nearby, meeting the needs of industry digitization in agile connection, real-time business, data optimization, application intelligence, Key requirements for security and privacy protection; the edge side of the operating system can serve as a bridge connecting the physical world and the digital world, enabling smart equipment, smart gateways, smart systems, and smart services.

An IoT platform management system architecture is applied to the above-mentioned low-power IoT platform that supports long connections. As shown in Figure 2, the management system architecture includes an edge layer, a PaaS layer and an application layer; wherein the edge layer is the edge layer. The gateway and the edge gateway are respectively connected with the event-driven module, the message queue module and the intelligent model module; the PaaS layer is divided into the IOT cloud service layer, the intelligent model service layer and the container cloud layer; the IOT cloud service layer is connected with the rule engine module, device management module and Security authentication module; intelligent model service layer is connected with knowledge graph module, machine learning module and heterogeneous storage module; container cloud layer is connected with service grid module, topology monitoring module and resource scheduling module; application layer is connected with asset management module, monitoring system modules, intelligent valve control modules and display large-screen modules.

A containerized firmware is applied to the edge side of the operating system of the above-mentioned low-power IoT platform that supports long connections. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the containerized firmware has built-in device shadow modules, security control modules, and timing sequences. Database module and message queue module; device shadow module is used to monitor device data reporting in real time, and can also view device history and logs, and set thresholds to monitor devices; security control module is responsible for ensuring network communication security, defending against external attacks, and Device access of different network links; the time series database module is used to store a large amount of historical data generated by several devices every day; the message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, arrange queues reasonably, improve data transmission efficiency, and Ensure the stable operation of the platform under the large data connection volume. Containerized firmware interfaces with sensors and gas-operated devices.

In the containerized firmware of this embodiment, the device shadow module is used to monitor device data reporting in real time, and can also view the historical operation status and logs of the device, and set thresholds to monitor the device. The security control module is responsible for ensuring network communication security, defending against external attacks, and device access of different network links, including wired, wireless, 3G, 4G, fixed IP and adaptive IP. The time series database module is used to store a large amount of historical data generated by multiple devices every day. Compared with ordinary database storage methods, the query speed is faster and the space is smaller. The message queue module is used to process the communication sequence between the device and the cloud, arrange the queue reasonably, improve the data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under the large data connection volume.

A management method for a low-power IoT platform that supports long connections, as shown in Figure 5, includes the following steps:

Step 1: Containerized firmware is deployed on the edge hardware on the edge side of the operating system, and the containerized firmware has built-in device shadow modules, security control modules, timing database modules, and message queue modules;

Step 2: The containerized firmware unifies the data protocol and format of the field device and sensor access through protocol conversion, and organizes the data format;

Step 3: The containerized firmware transmits data to the IoT platform cloud through the edge Hub;

Step 4: The cloud of the IoT platform calculates and models the uploaded data;

Step 5: The IoT platform cloud sends the model parameters and instruction information to the terminal layer, and the gas operating equipment at the terminal layer responds and performs corresponding operations.

The device in this embodiment popularizes the LTE Cat-NB1 (NB-IoT) protocol, and can preferentially use the NB-IoT protocol for data transmission. Compared with other protocols, the transmission efficiency is higher, and the transmission time and cost are reduced. According to the equipment area and network conditions, the base station equipment is selected, and the equipment within a certain range is used for local communication and data exchange. When data is reported, it is uniformly transmitted from the local network to the base station equipment, and is uniformly sent to the cloud by the base station equipment. The number of connections and responses to the cloud communication is greatly reduced, and the transmission cost is reduced. Containerized firmware can quickly access devices and sensors, and transmit data to the IoT platform cloud through the edge hub. After the IoT platform cloud is set up with the edge layer, PaaS layer, and application layer, device models can be established and managed in a unified manner. Quick access is achieved by establishing a device model. Different types of commonly used devices are established separately, and the configuration information is stored in the containerized firmware and completely stored in the cloud. When a new device is connected, directly deploy the containerized firmware and start the container. The container will send the configuration to the cloud according to the current model, and automatically download the software required for the model, and automatically complete the installation and go online on the cloud. From unpacking and power-on to the cloud, the whole process can be completed within 5 minutes.

The connection management module in this embodiment is specially responsible for managing multiple rules and policies, and classifies and manages the connection of devices through protocol types, device types, access methods, etc., and presents them in the form of a device map, enabling the platform to flexibly configure and manage multiple Rules and strategies, complete protocol conversion quickly, conveniently and ensure data security, and parse the protocol to obtain valid data and report it in an accurate, timely and orderly manner.

The platform of this embodiment realizes platform performance, security and reliability by privatizing the cloud platform or hosting the public cloud. Compared with the local server, the cloud platform of the present invention has higher scalability and has a complete disaster recovery system when encountering disasters. , there will be no data corruption, and platform performance, security and reliability will be achieved.

The platform in this embodiment is implemented by edge node components, and edge computing is performed in the edge node components. The traditional IoT platform aggregates all tasks and uploads them to the cloud for computing, which is inefficient and puts a lot of pressure on the server. The edge node component of the present invention directly executes computing tasks on the device side, and only pushes the calculation results to the cloud, so the computing efficiency is greatly improved, and the cold data is checked on the device side to ensure accuracy, because it is performed on the device side, Therefore, it will not cause additional pressure on the server, and can ensure the accuracy, and achieve the accuracy and timeliness of remote control.

The platform in this embodiment implements link management and security control through a security control module. The network part of the security control module covers all network scenarios, including public and intranet, wired and wireless, fixed IP and dynamic IP, etc. The security control module also prevents network attacks. Thereby, various forms of link management and security control for the platform such as configuration and management of fixed ip and dynamic ip are realized.

The platform of this embodiment supports data collection, data reporting, monitoring and alarming, and edge intelligent application distribution under long-term connection management, and utilizes reliable message delivery on the cloud side to reduce transmission costs and shorten the waiting time between data and decision-making. When the connection is smooth, the platform can maintain a long connection of the device through the netty framework, and also monitor the heartbeat of the device and set a timeout threshold to ensure the connection status of the online device. In addition, cloud-edge messaging can be delivered through mqtt technology, reducing transmission costs and shortening the waiting time between data and decision-making.

Claims (10)

1. A low-power IoT platform that supports long connections, characterized in that the IoT platform is divided into three layers: cloud, side, and end, where the cloud layer is the IoT platform cloud, the side layer is the edge side of the operating system, and the end layer is The bottommost device; the edge side of the operating system and the IoT platform cloud interact with messages through websocket/MQTT connection to achieve data collaboration, application collaboration and management collaboration; the terminal layer can be directly connected to the cloud IoT platform, or through the edge The gateway agent is connected to the cloud IoT platform; the edge side of the operating system has containerized firmware deployed on the edge hardware. 2. A low-power IoT platform supporting long connections according to claim 1, wherein the direct connection is a 3G, 4G, wired or wireless connection; the terminal layer is connected to the cloud IoT platform Data transmission via LTE Cat-NB1 or NB-IoT protocol. 3. The low-power IoT platform supporting long connections according to claim 1, wherein the IoT platform cloud comprises 6 modules, and the 6 modules are respectively a connection management module and a message queuing module. , rule engine module, security authentication module, private or managed cloud platform module and cloud service module. 4. The low-power IoT platform supporting long connections according to claim 1, wherein the edge side of the operating system includes 8 modules, and the 8 modules are respectively an edge application module and an open API module. , Communication Bus Module, Edge Node Component Module, Runtime Component Module, Data Storage Component Module, Security Control Component Module and OS KemelDocker Module. 5. The low-power IoT platform supporting long connections according to claim 1, wherein the edge side of the operating system is located on the data source side of the IoT, and the edge side of the operating system integrates network, computing, storage and application core capabilities, using distributed mode to provide edge intelligent services nearby, meeting the key requirements of industry digitalization in agile connection, real-time business, data optimization, application intelligence, security and privacy protection; the edge side of the operating system can be used as a connection between the physical world and the A bridge to the digital world, enabling intelligent equipment, intelligent gateways, intelligent systems and intelligent services. 6. An Internet of Things platform management system framework, applied to a low-power consumption Internet of Things platform supporting long connections according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the management system framework includes an edge layer, a PaaS layer and application layer. 7. The architecture of an IoT platform management system according to claim 6, wherein the edge layer is an edge gateway, and the edge gateway is respectively connected with an event-driven module, a message queue module and an intelligent model module; The PaaS layer is divided into an IOT cloud service layer, an intelligent model service layer and a container cloud layer; the IOT cloud service layer is connected with a rule engine module, a device management module and a security authentication module; the intelligent model service layer is connected with a knowledge graph module , a machine learning module and a heterogeneous storage module; the container cloud layer is connected with a service grid module, a topology monitoring module and a resource scheduling module; The application layer is connected with an asset management module, a monitoring system module, an intelligent valve control module and a large-screen display module. 8. A containerized firmware, applied to the edge side of an operating system of a low-power IoT platform supporting long connections according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the containerized firmware has a built-in device shadow module, a security A control module, a time series database module and a message queue module; the device shadow module is used for real-time monitoring of device data reporting, and can also view the historical operation and logs of the device, and set thresholds to monitor the device; the security control module is responsible for ensuring the network Communication security, defense against external attacks, and device access of different network links; the time series database module is used to store a large amount of historical data generated by several devices every day; the message queue module is used to process the communication between the device and the cloud order, arrange queues reasonably, improve data transmission efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the platform under the large data connection volume. 9 . The containerized firmware of claim 8 , wherein the containerized firmware is connected to sensors and field devices. 10 . 10. A management method for a low-power IoT platform supporting long connections, applied to the low-power IoT platform supporting long connections as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Containerized firmware is deployed on the edge hardware on the edge side of the operating system, and the containerized firmware has built-in device shadow modules, security control modules, timing database modules, and message queue modules; Step 2: The containerized firmware unifies the data protocol and format of the field device and sensor access through protocol conversion, and organizes the data format; Step 3: The containerized firmware transmits data to the IoT platform cloud through the edge Hub; Step 4: The cloud of the IoT platform calculates and models the uploaded data; Step 5: The IoT platform cloud sends model parameters and instruction information to the terminal layer, and the device at the terminal layer responds and performs corresponding operations.

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