CN114517099A - 一种通过炭化生物质来生产生物质煤的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种通过炭化生物质来生产生物质煤的方法,将生物质炭化以产生炭化生物质和含有气体和焦油的废气,并将炭化生物质在填充床或移动床式炼焦炉中加热至450至600°C的温度(不包含600°C),在所述焦化炉中,与炭化的生物质废气接触,所述气体和所述焦油中的碳含量通过附着在生物质干蒸馏上的沉积物获得,生物质木炭碳含量用惰性气体沉淀,这是一种生产生物质木炭的方法,在焦化炉中冷却至100°C或更低的温度。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种通过炭化生物质来生产生物质煤的方法,涉及一种通过炭化生物质生产生物质煤的方法以及用于该方法的生物质煤生产装置。
背景技术
从防止全球变暖的角度来看,减少二氧化碳排放是一个紧迫的问题,作为减少二氧化碳排放的方法,已经进行了以下技术开发。
1. 减少输入碳。
2.收集输出的二氧化碳。
3. 用无碳碳源取代传统的煤炭和石油。
生物质被称为无碳碳源,包括拆除房屋产生的木材废料、锯木厂产生的木基废料、森林中的修剪废料、农业废料等。而且垃圾填埋、焚烧、燃料等是主要方式。
在钢铁工业中,炼铁过程是以煤为还原材料还原铁矿石的过程。在炼钢过程中,精练所需的热量由煤炭等提供。因此在钢铁工业中使用碳源至关重要。另一方面,生物质由碳、氧和氢组成,但生物质本身具有高含水量和低废热(例如,水分质量分数为15%,热值为16.2 MJ/kg干基),这在效率方面并不是很有效。因此,有一种方法,即对生物质进行干馏,进行脱水和脱羧等处理,去除水分,并提高热值以用于钢铁加工。脱水和脱气(脱碳、脱甲烷、焦油生成等)通过干馏进行,生物质中的碳含量以气体和焦油含量的形式生成,因此以固体形式保留的碳含量(生物质煤)很小。为了有效地利用干馏后以固体形式残留的碳含量作为生物质煤作为钢铁工艺中煤的替代品,有必要高产率地生产生物质煤。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决现有技术的此类问题,并在使用立式炉对生物质进行炭化以生产生物质煤时提高生物质煤的产率,本发明的目的是提供一种生物质炭生产方法及其所用的生物质炭生产装置,其中木炭的质量劣化程度较低。用于解决此类问题的本发明的特征如下:
将生物质碳化为生物质炭,碳化过程中产生的含有焦油的废气,将废气中的至少一部分焦油与生物质或生物质木炭接触;将至少一部分与生物质或生物质炭接触的焦油转化为碳化物;根据所述的生产生物质煤的方法,包括将废气中的至少一部分焦油与热空气一起吹入竖炉,从竖炉的底部或下侧供应冷却气体,其中,通过循环所述废气来使用所述冷却气体。
部分焦油与冷却气体一起供应到炉中,从废气中分离焦油并将分离出的焦油吹入竖炉,所述废气以小于1的空气比燃烧,并作为热空气吹入竖炉,其中所述生物质煤的碳化温度为300至700℃,废气的温度为50至300℃,热空气为无氧或低氧且温度为400至1200℃。
生物质炭化是通过将生物质从竖炉顶部或侧面上部引入竖炉,并从竖炉底部或侧面下部吹入热空气来实现的,通过从竖炉的顶部或侧面上部排放碳化过程中产生的含有焦油的废气来排放废气,通过将碳化过程中产生的废气中的至少一部分焦油吹入竖炉,实现至少一部分焦油的接触。所述生物质炭化温度为450°C至700°C,并且所述气体和焦油中的碳沉积在所述炭化生物质上的温度为450°C至700°C。
本发明提供了一种通过使用两个相互连接的干馏炉的双塔填充移动床炉对生物质进行干馏来生产生物质炭的方法,生物质在一个炭化炉中炭化产生的气体和焦油与另一个炭化炉中的生物质接触,在另一干馏炉中对生物质进行干馏期间,气体和焦油中的碳沉积并沉积在另一干馏炉中的生物质上。
附图说明
图1为根据实施例的生物质木炭制造设备的实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1,本发明提供的一种实施例,图1为根据实施例的生物质木炭制造设备的实施例的示意图,木质生物质的原料1从上部入口供应至碳化炉10,碳化炉10是垂直炉。此外,热空气5从作为热空气入口的热空气入口11供应。热空气5是无氧或低氧的,以便在不引起炉内填料燃烧的情况下引起碳化。例如,低氧是指氧含量小于1 vol%。热空气5可与焦油4混合。原料1在碳化炉10中形成填充床12,通过热空气5加热碳化,并作为碳化物2从下切割装置13排出。通过在热空气入口11处安装旋转机构等,可以促进碳化物的切割。另一方面,填充床12产生的废气3从炉顶部的排气口排出。生成的气体几乎无氧,含有焦油。
当原料1被供应到炭化炉10时,优选填充床12的上表面处于具有一定水平的平坦状态。这是为了防止气体漂移,实现高效碳化。热空气5的温度理想为400至1200°C。这是因为如果吹风温度过低,则原料的碳化不能充分进行,如果温度过高,则碳化物的产率降低,设备成本增加。优选为600-1200摄氏度。碳化产生的碳化物温度最好约为300至700°C。这是因为如果温度太低,碳化不会充分进行,如果温度太高,碳化物的产率降低,设备成本增加。优选为400-700摄氏度,更优选为400-600摄氏度。当被切割装置13切割时,可通过间接冷却(例如水冷套)或喷水直接冷却,在安全温度下切割碳化物2。
Claims (5)
1.一种通过炭化生物质来生产生物质煤的方法,其特征在于:所述焦化炉与炭化的生物质废气接触,所述气体和所述焦油中的碳含量通过附着在生物质干蒸馏上的沉积物获得,生物质木炭碳含量用惰性气体沉淀,在焦化炉中冷却至100°C或更低的温度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种通过炭化生物质来生产生物质煤的方法,其中所述干馏生物质的表面积为10 m2/g或更大。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种通过炭化生物质来生产生物质煤的方法,其特征在于,其中所述炭化在回转窑式炭化炉中进行。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种通过炭化生物质来生产生物质煤的方法,其中去除干馏生物质中的粉末并将其供应至炼焦炉;干馏生物质在焦化炉中的停留时间段是直到干馏生物质的孔隙被沉淀碳填满的时间。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种通过炭化生物质来生产生物质煤的方法,所述焦化炉是一种生物质木炭制造设备,其具有冷却部件,该冷却部件将所述废气中的碳含量和所述焦油与惰性气体沉淀到100℃或更低的温度的生物质木炭冷却。
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US12110458B2 (en) | 2022-11-04 | 2024-10-08 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Coal blends, foundry coke products, and associated systems, devices, and methods |
US12190701B2 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2025-01-07 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Methods and systems for automatically generating a remedial action in an industrial facility |
US12195671B2 (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2025-01-14 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Automatic draft control system for coke plants |
US12215289B2 (en) | 2020-05-03 | 2025-02-04 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | High-quality coke products |
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US12195671B2 (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2025-01-14 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Automatic draft control system for coke plants |
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US12215289B2 (en) | 2020-05-03 | 2025-02-04 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | High-quality coke products |
US12110458B2 (en) | 2022-11-04 | 2024-10-08 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Coal blends, foundry coke products, and associated systems, devices, and methods |
WO2024107957A1 (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2024-05-23 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Products comprising char and carbon, and associated systems, devices, and methods |
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