CN114488251A - A wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system and method, belonging to the technical field of nuclear and radiation safety detection, and the method comprises the following steps: carrying out radiation reinforcement on a video sensor probe; collecting radiation information in a radiation field through a video sensor probe; acquiring charges in radiation information acquired by a video sensor probe through a radiation information/video information discrimination electronic device, realizing neutron/gamma radiation discrimination according to the pulse shape generated by the charges, and realizing the discrimination of the radiation information and visible light according to the difference of the generation amount of radiation secondary charges with different energies; and measuring the gamma radiation dose according to the corresponding impulse response height of the gamma radiation by pulse dose analysis software. The system and the method provided by the invention can realize the radiation type discrimination function and the measurement of the wide-range gamma radiation dose by expanding the data processing mode on the basis of not increasing the hardware cost of various radiation fields with installed common video monitoring.

Description

A wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear and radiation safety detection, in particular to a wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system and method.

Background technique

Semiconductor video sensors are widely deployed in various nuclear facilities, mainly used for visual imaging of visible light to realize security monitoring functions. In a strong radiation environment, radiation noise will greatly affect the video recognition ability, and device radiation damage and single event effects will also cause device failure and shortened life. In response to the needs of video surveillance functions, a large number of scientific research and technical workers have used various methods to improve the radiation resistance of video sensors.

In a large number of nuclear facilities, such as radioactive source warehouses, special nuclear material storage sites, reactor nuclear islands and experimental reactor neutron beam extraction experiment halls, neutron generator operation sites, and many entrances and exits of nuclear facilities, there may be medium Sub/Gamma Hybrid Radiation Field. If they are equipped with the neutron and gamma radiation equipment currently used at home and abroad, a lot of money will be invested, and the operation and maintenance will also require technical support from special radiation monitoring personnel. The cost of video sensors is low, and most of the above facilities have installed multiple sets of video sensors and are easy to deploy multiple channels and multiple points, which can realize monitoring without dead ends. If the video sensor can detect radiation on the basis of optical monitoring, it will greatly help to improve the radiation monitoring level of various nuclear facilities.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system and method, through which the system and method can be used in various radiation sites where ordinary video surveillance has been installed without increasing hardware costs. On the basis of , by expanding its data processing method, it realizes the function of radiation type discrimination and the measurement of wide-range gamma radiation dose.

In order to achieve the above purpose, a kind of technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:

A wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system, including a video sensor probe, radiation information/video information discrimination electronics, and pulse dose analysis software, the video sensor probe is used to collect dynamic radiation information and charge input in a radiation field. Therefore, the radiation information/video information screening electronic device is connected in communication with the video sensor probe, and is used to read the electric charge in the data collected by the video sensor probe, and realize the neutron/ The identification of gamma radiation types, and the difference in the amount of secondary charges generated by radiation of different energies are used to realize the identification of radiation information and visible light; the pulse dose analysis software is installed on a terminal device with a display function, and the radiation information /Video information identification electronic device communication connection, used to achieve the measurement of gamma radiation dose.

Further, in the above-mentioned wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system, the number of video sensor probes is one or more, and the type is CMOS semiconductor video sensor, and the video sensor probe adopts hardware shielding and special electronic design for radiation hardening .

Further, in the above-mentioned wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system, the video sensor probe is provided with an automatic shutter closing mechanism for blocking visible light of different radiation intensities; the automatic shutter closing mechanism is based on the pulse dose analysis software. Feedback of weak radiation current information, adaptively adjust the working mode of the optical shutter, and collect radiation information and radiation/visible light composite information in a time-sharing manner.

Further, in the wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system as described above, the impulse response shape of the video sensor probe to gamma radiation is a peak shape, and the impulse response shape to neutron radiation is a flat-topped columnar shape.

Further, in the above-mentioned wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system, the system further includes a dedicated display software package for dynamically displaying the real-time dose rate of gamma radiation.

The present invention also provides a wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method, comprising the following steps:

S1. Perform radiation reinforcement on the video sensor probe;

S2, collecting radiation information in the radiation field through the video sensor probe;

S3. Obtain the electric charge in the radiation information collected by the video sensor probe through the radiation information/video information discrimination electronic device, realize the discrimination of the neutron/gamma radiation type according to the pulse shape generated by the electric charge, and then according to the radiation times of different energies The difference in the amount of charge generation can realize the discrimination between radiation information and visible light;

S4. Use pulse dose analysis software to measure the gamma radiation dose in the radiation information according to the height of the pulse response corresponding to the gamma radiation.

Further, in the above-mentioned wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method, the video sensor probe used in step S1 is a CMOS semiconductor video sensor; the video sensor probe is reinforced by hardware shielding and a special design for electronics, so as to improve the performance of the video sensor probe. The radiation dose measurement range of the video sensor.

Further, in the above-mentioned wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method, the discrimination of the neutron/gamma radiation type according to the pulse shape generated by the charge described in step S3 is specifically: when the pulse response shape is a peak shape, it is judged as Gamma radiation; when the impulse response shape is flat-topped cylindrical, it is judged as neutron radiation.

Further, in the above-mentioned wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method, in step S4, the pulse dose analysis software performs machine learning comparison between the pulse response height corresponding to the gamma radiation and the data in the database, thereby obtaining the gamma radiation dose value.

Further, in the above-mentioned wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method, the method further includes dynamically displaying the real-time dose rate of gamma radiation by invoking a dedicated display software package.

Adopting the wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system and method of the present invention has the following significant technical effects:

The invention can increase the radiation type discrimination function and the wide-range gamma radiation dose function by expanding the data processing method on the basis of not increasing the hardware cost in various radiation places where ordinary video surveillance has been installed. The generation mechanism is suppressed from a hardware perspective. The system has low cost and is easy to arrange a large number of points to form a network monitoring mode; the high dose rate mode is two orders of magnitude higher than the current mainstream gas, scintillation, semiconductor and other detectors without radiation hardening, and can reach four after radiation hardening. order of magnitude.

Description of drawings

1 is a structural frame diagram of a wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for measuring a wide-range gamma radiation dose provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

In the natural environment, high-intensity transient ionizing radiation pulses rarely occur, except for single event events. In all specific places, such as high-energy accelerator irradiation devices and other national defense-related places, they will face the influence of electromagnetic pulse ionizing radiation to a certain extent, so there have been a lot of research results on radiation effects and radiation hardening. The main idea of this invention is to use the radiation effect as the detection signal on the basis of the radiation hardening technology, use the common semiconductor video sensor to measure the nuclear radiation field, and realize the radiation measurement and single probe wide range through the specially designed self-adaptive adjustment device. work ability.

1 shows a frame diagram of a wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the system includes a video sensor probe 10 for collecting dynamic radiation information and charge input in a radiation field; radiation information/ Video information discrimination electronics 20 for reading charge in data collected by video sensor probe 10, discriminating radiation type and discriminating radiation information/visible light; and pulse dose analysis software 30 for performing gamma radiation dose analysis.

There are one or more video sensor probes 10, which are arranged at different positions in the radiation field, and can be electronic devices that output frame by frame. The cell pixel size and thickness determine the generation and pulse shape of the radiative secondary charge. In this embodiment, a CMOS semiconductor video sensor probe is used. In order to improve the radiation dose measurement range of the video sensor, in this embodiment, hardware shielding and a special electronic design are used to strengthen the radiation of the video sensor probe. The high dose rate mode is two orders of magnitude higher than the current mainstream gas, scintillation, semiconductor and other detectors without radiation hardening, and can reach four orders of magnitude after radiation hardening.

Radiation information/video information discrimination electronic device 20: connected in communication with the video sensor probe 10, for reading the electric charge in the data collected by the video sensor probe 10, and analyzing the pulse shape of the electric charge, so as to realize neutron radiation and neutron radiation according to the pulse shape. Discrimination of gamma radiation; then use the difference in the amount of secondary charge generated by radiation of different energies (including visible light) to realize the discrimination between radiation information and visible light.

According to a large number of experimental statistics, the present invention finds that the shape of the pulse signal corresponding to the gamma radiation is a peak shape; the shape of the pulse signal corresponding to the neutron radiation is a flat-topped column, thereby realizing the discrimination between the radiation information and the visible light according to the pulse shape. The radiation data collected by the video sensor probe 10 includes radiation information and visible light, and the visible light is not the part of interest, and the visible light part and the radiation information need to be distinguished. After the radiation type discrimination is completed, the radiation information/video information discrimination electronic device 20 utilizes the difference in the secondary charge generation amount of radiation (including visible light) with different energies to discriminate between radiation information and visible light.

Pulse dose analysis software 30: installed on a monitoring station, computer or other terminal equipment with a display function, and the radiation information/video information screening electronic device 20 is communicated and connected with the terminal equipment, used for the radiation information/video information screening electronics The gamma radiation weak current transmitted from the device 20 is subjected to impulse response analysis, and the gamma radiation dose is measured by calling the database for machine learning comparison. Gamma radiation with different energies has a significant correlation with the corresponding impulse response height, so the corresponding gamma radiation dose and gamma ray type can be obtained from the impulse response height.

Preferably, the video sensor probe 10 is provided with an automatic shutter closing mechanism 110 for blocking visible light of different radiation intensities. The automatic shutter closing mechanism 110 adaptively adjusts the working mode of the optical shutter according to the radiation weak current information fed back by the pulse dose analysis software 30, and collects radiation information and radiation/visible light composite information in a time-sharing manner, so as to meet the requirements of the video sensor as a real-time monitoring device and as a radiation The dual role of a dose detection device.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method. Referring to FIG. 2 , the method includes the following steps:

Step S1, radiation reinforcement is performed on the video sensor probe.

In this embodiment, the type of video sensor used is a CMOS semiconductor video sensor; hardware shielding and a dedicated electronic design are used for radiation reinforcement of the video sensor probe, which is used to improve the radiation dose measurement range of the video sensor. The high dose rate mode is two orders of magnitude higher than the current mainstream gas, scintillation, semiconductor and other detectors without radiation hardening, and can reach four orders of magnitude after radiation hardening.

Step S2, collecting radiation information in the radiation field through the video sensor probe.

The radiation information, inherent noise and environmental local information in the radiation field environment are collected by the video sensor probe and transmitted to the radiation information/video information screening electronic device.

Step S3, the radiation information/video information screening electronic device obtains the charge in the radiation information collected by the video sensor probe, and realizes the screening of the neutron/gamma radiation type according to the pulse shape generated by the charge, and then according to the radiation of different energies The difference in the amount of secondary charge generation realizes the discrimination between radiation information and visible light.

Through a large number of experiments, it is found that the pulse signal shape of gamma radiation is a peak shape, while the pulse signal shape of neutron radiation is a flat-topped column, so that neutron radiation and gamma radiation can be distinguished according to the pulse shape. Then, according to the difference in the amount of secondary charge generated by radiation of different energies, the radiation information is distinguished from visible light.

Step S4, the pulse dose analysis software implements the measurement of the gamma radiation dose in the radiation information according to the height of the pulse response corresponding to the gamma radiation.

Specifically, the pulse dose analysis software is used to perform machine learning comparison by calling the database, so as to realize the measurement of gamma radiation dose. Gamma radiation with different energies has a significant correlation with the corresponding impulse response height, so the corresponding gamma radiation dose and gamma ray type can be obtained from the impulse response height.

The real-time dose rate of gamma radiation can also be displayed dynamically by invoking a dedicated display package.

It should be noted that the MOS structure in MAPS is a radiation sensitive unit. With the increase of the total irradiation dose, the oxide trap charges generated near the Si/ _SiO2 interface in the MOS structure and the interface states generated at the Si/SiO2 interface combine to cause the threshold voltage in APS to shift and reduce cause the drain current to vary. For MOS devices used as amplification, the output signal may vary; for MOS devices used as switches, it may not be turned on or completely turned off. When the ionizing radiation fails to cause instantaneous damage to the APS, with the prolongation of the irradiation time, the threshold voltage drift of the MOS device caused by the total dose effect is the main factor affecting the performance of the APS.

In addition, the specific implementation can be as follows: the first step, device screening, the Sony general chip test stability is the best; the second step, the radiation reinforcement of the video sensor, select the hardware shielding and electronic special design; the third step, the device radiation response , inherent noise, local environment information transmission; fourth step, software preprocessing to realize radiation type identification; fifth step, call database for machine learning comparison; sixth step, call special display software package for dynamic real-time display of dose rate.

The invention provides a wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system and method based on a video sensor, which can increase the data processing method by expanding the data processing method in various radiation sites where ordinary video monitoring has been installed without increasing the hardware cost. The radiation type discrimination function and the wide-range gamma radiation dose are provided, and the generation mechanism of radiation noise is suppressed from the perspective of hardware. The lower limit of dose measurement of this system is at the same level as the current mainstream radiation dosimeters on the market. The equivalent detector range is two orders of magnitude higher, while it can be four orders of magnitude higher after radiation hardening.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention may also be implemented in other specific ways or other specific forms without departing from the gist or essential characteristics of the present invention. Accordingly, the described embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention should be indicated by the appended claims, and any changes equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should also be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system, characterized in that the system comprises a video sensor probe (10), a radiation information/video information screening electronic device (20), and a pulse dose analysis software (30), in: The video sensor probe (10) is used for collecting dynamic radiation information and charge transport in the radiation field; The radiation information/video information screening electronic device (20) is connected in communication with the video sensor probe (10), and is used for reading the electric charge in the data collected by the video sensor probe (10), and according to the electric charge The generated impulse response shape realizes the discrimination of neutron/gamma radiation types, and uses the difference in the amount of secondary charge generated by radiation with different energies to discriminate between radiation information and visible light; The pulse dose analysis software (30) is installed on a terminal device with a display function, and is connected in communication with the radiation information/video information discrimination electronic device (20) to measure the gamma radiation dose. 2. The wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the number of the video sensor probes (10) is one or more, and the type is a CMOS semiconductor video sensor, and the video sensor probes ( 10) Radiation hardening with hardware shielding and electronics-specific design. 3. The wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system according to claim 2, wherein an automatic shutter closing mechanism (110) is provided on the video sensor probe (10) for blocking visible light of different radiation intensities; The automatic shutter closing mechanism (110) adaptively adjusts the working mode of the optical shutter according to the weak radiation current information fed back by the pulse dose analysis software (30), and collects radiation information and radiation/visible light composite information in a time-sharing manner. 4 . The wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system according to claim 1 , wherein the impulse response shape of the video sensor probe (10) to gamma radiation is a peak shape, and the impulse response shape to neutron radiation is in the shape of a peak. 5 . Flat-topped columnar. 5 . The wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement system according to claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises a dedicated display software package for dynamically displaying the real-time dose rate of gamma radiation. 6 . 6. A wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method, comprising the following steps: S1. Perform radiation reinforcement on the video sensor probe (10); S2, collecting radiation information in the radiation field through the video sensor probe (10); S3. Acquire the electric charge in the radiation information collected by the video sensor probe (10) through the radiation information/video information discrimination electronic device (20), realize the discrimination of the neutron/gamma radiation type according to the pulse shape generated by the electric charge, and then According to the difference in the amount of secondary charge generated by radiation of different energies, the discrimination between radiation information and visible light is realized; S4. Measure the gamma radiation dose in the radiation information according to the pulse response height corresponding to the gamma radiation through the pulse dose analysis software (30). 7. The wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method according to claim 6, wherein the video sensor probe (10) adopted in step S1 is a CMOS semiconductor video sensor; The video sensor probe (10) is radiation hardened, thereby increasing the radiation dose measurement range of the video sensor. 8. The wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method according to claim 7, wherein the step S3 according to the pulse shape generated by the charge to realize the discrimination of the neutron/gamma radiation type is specifically: when the pulse response shape When it is a mountain peak, it is judged to be gamma radiation; when the impulse response shape is a flat-topped column, it is judged to be neutron radiation. 9. wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in step S4, pulse dose analysis software (30) carries out machine learning comparison with the pulse response height corresponding to gamma radiation and the data in the database , so as to obtain the gamma radiation dose value. 10 . The wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method according to claim 6 , wherein the method further comprises dynamically displaying the real-time dose rate of gamma radiation by invoking a dedicated display software package. 11 .

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