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CN114484454B - A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating - Google Patents

A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114484454B
CN114484454B CN202111631369.9A CN202111631369A CN114484454B CN 114484454 B CN114484454 B CN 114484454B CN 202111631369 A CN202111631369 A CN 202111631369A CN 114484454 B CN114484454 B CN 114484454B
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China
Prior art keywords
solid waste
liquid
preheating
dielectric
preheating cavity
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CN202111631369.9A
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CN114484454A (en
Inventor
胡振
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Wuhan Huzhenyu Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Wuhan Huzhenyu Environmental Technology Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28BSTEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28BSTEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/08Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating, which relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment and comprises a preheating cavity, wherein a feed hopper is arranged above the preheating cavity, a discharge port is arranged below the preheating cavity, a liquid adding spray nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the feed hopper, a dielectric polar plate is arranged on the inner side wall of the preheating cavity, and the dielectric polar plate is electrically connected with an alternating current power supply, so that when solid waste materials slide into the preheating cavity from the feed hopper, liquid enters a gap of the solid waste materials, the solid waste materials entering the preheating cavity are subjected to dielectric heating between the dielectric polar plates, and the liquid in the solid waste materials is heated so as to preheat the solid waste materials. The invention has simple structure, utilizes the liquid in the solid waste material, utilizes the characteristics of the heatable liquid and the increased gasification volume to perform internal heating pretreatment on the solid waste material, can disassemble and stack the solid waste material, is convenient for solid waste treatment in the later period, and has the advantages of fully-closed preheating, avoiding the direct emission of toxic gas and high safety.

Description

Solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating.
Background
Solid waste treatment, which is generally referred to as treatment of solid waste, generally refers to a process of converting solid waste into a material suitable for transportation, storage, utilization or disposal by physical, chemical, biological, physicochemical, and biochemical methods, and aims at harmlessness, reduction, and recycling.
The mode of solid waste treatment mainly includes burning and landfill, and is the most predominant just burning, but when burning solid waste, because the little moisture that carries in it leads to solid waste burning comparatively inconvenient, need preheat it when burning solid waste for this reason, for example chinese patent application CN213223710U provides a solid waste treatment with preheating function and uses conveyer, including crushing section of thick bamboo, the drain hole has been seted up on the top of crushing section of thick bamboo, annular spout has been seted up to the inner wall of crushing section of thick bamboo, annular spout's inside joint has the annular slider with annular spout looks adaptation, annular slider's inner wall fixedly connected with broken leaf, crushing section of thick bamboo's inside wall fixedly connected with baffle, sealed bearing is inlayed to the bottom surface of baffle fixedly, sealed bearing's inner wall has been placed to crushing section of thick bamboo, the output of motor extends to sealed bearing's inside and with sealed bearing's inner circle fixed connection, sealed bearing's inner circle fixedly connected with bull stick. The material conveying device for solid waste treatment provided by the utility model has the advantages that solid waste can be preheated and dried while being conveyed, the problem that the incineration treatment is inconvenient due to the fact that the solid waste is wet is effectively solved, and the efficiency of solid waste treatment is improved.
However, the preheating treatment structure still has the following problems that part of solid waste materials contain toxic substances, the toxic gases are scattered due to direct heating, and the solid waste materials cannot be dried effectively and completely under the condition of accumulation by only low-temperature heating, and mainly, the humidity inside the different solid waste materials is different, the preheating and drying degrees are different in the transportation process, and the effect on the subsequent solid waste treatment is not great.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to design a reasonably efficient preheating structure for solid waste treatment based on dielectric heating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dielectric heating-based solid waste treatment preheating structure which has a simple structure, utilizes liquid in solid waste materials, utilizes the characteristics of heating and increasing gasification volume of the liquid, performs internal heating pretreatment on the solid waste materials, can separate and stack the solid waste materials, is convenient for solid waste treatment in a later period, and has the advantages of fully closed preheating, avoiding toxic gas from directly diffusing out and high safety.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a solid useless processing preheating structure based on dielectric heating, includes the preheating chamber, the preheating chamber top is provided with the feeder hopper, the preheating chamber below is provided with the discharge gate, the feeder hopper lateral wall is provided with the liquid feeding shower nozzle, the preheating chamber inside wall is provided with dielectric polar plate, dielectric polar plate electricity is connected with alternating current power supply for when solid waste material follow the feeder hopper slides to the preheating intracavity in the solid waste material gap of liquid entering, and get into the solid waste material in the preheating chamber carries out dielectric heating between the dielectric polar plate, thereby the liquid in solid waste material is heated and makes solid waste material preheats.
Preferably, the side wall of the feed hopper is provided with a needle-shaped bulge.
Preferably, a plurality of baffle plates which are obliquely arranged are arranged in the preheating cavity.
Preferably, the dielectric electrode plate comprises a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate, and the number of the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate is at least one.
Preferably, the ac power supply is a high-frequency ac power of not less than 40 MHz.
Preferably, the ac power supply is electrically connected to a controller.
As the preferable mode of the invention, the liquid adding spray head is connected with a liquid adding bin, a recovery pipe communicated with the liquid adding bin is arranged above the preheating cavity, and an electric air valve is arranged in the recovery pipe.
Preferably, the recycling pipe is communicated with the liquid adding bin through a condensing pipe, and the height of the condensing pipe is not lower than the height of the liquid adding bin.
Preferably, the upper side of the liquid adding bin is provided with a toxic gas filter for discharging toxic gas.
Preferably, the liquid in the liquid adding bin is water or alcohol.
Preferably, the discharging hole is obliquely arranged.
The solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating has the beneficial effects that the structure is simple, liquid in the solid waste material is utilized, the internal heating pretreatment is carried out on the solid waste material by utilizing the characteristics of heatable liquid and increased gasification volume, the accumulated solid waste material can be disassembled, the solid waste treatment is convenient to carry out in the later stage, in addition, the whole structure is sealed and preheated, toxic gas is prevented from being directly dispersed, and the safety is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a preheating structure for solid waste treatment based on dielectric heating according to the present invention;
In the figure, 1, a preheating cavity, 11, a dielectric polar plate, 12, a baffle plate, 13, a recovery pipe, 131, an air valve, 14, a condensing pipe, 2, a feed hopper, 21, a liquid adding spray nozzle, 22, a liquid adding bin, 23, a needle-shaped bulge, 3 and a discharge hole.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of the modules and steps set forth in these embodiments and the steps are not limiting the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the flow in the drawings is not merely performed alone, but a plurality of steps are performed to cross each other for convenience of description.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the present invention product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and systems known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the authorization specification where appropriate.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating only comprises a preheating cavity 1, a feed hopper 2 is arranged above the preheating cavity 1, a discharge port 3 is arranged below the preheating cavity 1, a liquid feeding spray nozzle 21 is arranged on the side wall of the feed hopper 2, a dielectric polar plate 11 is arranged on the inner side wall of the preheating cavity 1, the dielectric polar plate 11 is electrically connected with an alternating current power supply, so that liquid enters a gap of solid waste materials when the solid waste materials slide into the preheating cavity 1 from the feed hopper 2, and the solid waste materials entering the preheating cavity 1 are subjected to dielectric heating between the dielectric polar plates 11, and the liquid in the solid waste materials is heated so as to preheat the solid waste materials.
In the invention, solid waste materials are heated from a feed hopper 2 to a preheating cavity 1 and preheated by a dielectric polar plate 11, and finally flow out from a discharge hole 3 which is obliquely arranged at the lower side of the preheating cavity 1 to a solid waste processor for final solid waste combustion treatment.
It should be noted that, in the process of preheating the solid waste material in the preheating chamber 1, unlike the conventional concept that water in the solid waste material is a useless substance to be treated, the water in the solid waste material is creatively used as a raw material for pretreatment, and the characteristic that liquid can be heated and the volume of the liquid is swelled after heating and gasification is utilized to assist in preheating the solid waste material.
The water gasification expansion after dielectric heating can lead the larger solid waste material pile to be split into a small block structure, thereby being more convenient for subsequent combustion treatment.
The principle of dielectric heating is that the dielectric polar plate 11 comprises a first polar plate and a second polar plate, an alternating electric field which changes back and forth is formed between the first polar plate and the second polar plate under the power supply of an alternating power supply, an electric dipole in a dielectric heating medium in the alternating electric field violently rotates and vibrates along the direction of the electric field, and heat is generated by friction between molecules, so that dielectric heating is performed.
Here, the dielectric heating medium refers to a substance that becomes hot when subjected to a varying electric field, and the liquid mixed in the solid waste material is essentially a dielectric heating medium.
The dielectric heating medium includes a metal oxide mixture (solid) or an aqueous alcohol (liquid), and generally the solid waste material itself is solid, but not all the solid waste material is a metal oxide mixture, such as plastic rubber, which is not necessarily dielectrically heated, and if it is dry, the plastic rubber cannot be dielectrically heated to cause a lower temperature when it flows out from the discharge port 3 into the solid waste burner, although it is not affected by moisture, and the combustion demand is high.
In order to ensure that the solid waste material can be heated by dielectric, a liquid adding spray nozzle 21 can be arranged at the feed hopper 2 to wet the solid waste material with the minimum spraying amount, so that the solid waste material can be heated by dielectric when entering the preheating cavity 1, the trouble of over-wetting of the solid waste material can not be caused due to small spraying liquid amount, and the liquid can be gasified and discharged after heating.
The solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating has a simple structure, utilizes liquid in solid waste materials, utilizes the characteristics of heatable liquid and increased gasification volume to perform internal heating pretreatment on the solid waste materials, can disassemble and stack the solid waste materials, is convenient for solid waste treatment in the later period, and is fully sealed for preheating, so that toxic gas is prevented from directly diffusing out, and the safety is high.
In the preheating structure for solid waste treatment based on dielectric heating according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the side wall of the feeding hopper 2 is provided with a needle-shaped protrusion, so that the agglomerated solid waste material is broken by the needle-shaped protrusion when the feeding hopper 2 flows in, and the liquid sprayed by the liquid adding nozzle 21 can conveniently enter into the gaps, and the moist liquid inside the solid waste material can conveniently escape from the gaps after being heated during dielectric heating.
Moreover, a plurality of baffle plates 12 which are obliquely arranged are arranged in the preheating cavity 1, so that the descending speed of solid waste materials in the preheating cavity 1 is slowed down, the heating time of dielectric heating is prolonged, and the preheating effect is better.
The number of the first polar plates and the second polar plates is at least one, or the first polar plates and the second polar plates are arranged in the preheating cavity 1 in a staggered mode, so that dielectric heating in the whole preheating cavity 1 is more uniform.
And the alternating current power supply is high-frequency alternating current not lower than 40MHz, so that the change frequency of an alternating electric field is high enough, the molecular movement is more intense, and the heating effect is better.
Or the alternating current power supply is electrically connected with a controller, that is, the alternating current power supply has no higher alternating frequency or is a direct current battery, and the alternating current power supply outputs high-frequency alternating current under the control of the controller.
In addition, the liquid feeding shower nozzle 21 is connected with the liquid feeding storehouse 22, preheat chamber 1 top be provided with the recovery pipe 13 of liquid feeding storehouse 22 intercommunication, be provided with electronic blast gate 131 in the recovery pipe 13, recovery pipe 13 through condenser pipe 14 with liquid feeding storehouse 22 intercommunication, just the height of condenser pipe 14 is not less than the height of liquid feeding storehouse 22.
After the solid waste material is subjected to dielectric heating in the preheating cavity 1, high-temperature gas generated by gasification of liquid (including liquid sprayed by a liquid adding spray nozzle and liquid in the solid waste material) enters the recovery pipe 13 under the suction of the electric air valve 131, and finally is condensed in the condensation pipe 14 (the condensation modes are various and are not repeated here), the condensed liquid flows into the liquid adding bin 22, so that the liquid adding spray nozzle 21 at the bottom of the heating bin 22 is convenient for spraying the liquid to the position of the charging hopper 2, and the recycling of the liquid is realized.
In special cases, the upper side of the liquid adding bin 22 is provided with a toxic gas filter for discharging toxic gas, and part of the toxic gas which reaches the gas in the heating bin 22 can be liquefied and lowered by liquid steam, but the other part of the toxic gas which is produced by solid waste materials is deposited in the liquid adding bin 22, so that the toxic gas filter is extremely harmful, and the toxic gas can be discharged after being filtered and marked by the toxic gas filter.
Finally, the liquid in the liquid adding bin 22 is water or alcohol. Generally, the liquid in the liquid adding bin 22 is water, the adding cost of the water is low, and the heating and condensing effects are better
The solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating has a simple structure, utilizes liquid in solid waste materials, utilizes the characteristics of heatable liquid and increased gasification volume to perform internal heating pretreatment on the solid waste materials, can disassemble and stack the solid waste materials, is convenient for solid waste treatment in the later period, and is fully sealed for preheating, so that toxic gas is prevented from directly diffusing out, and the safety is high.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and various modifications and variations are possible. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating is characterized by comprising a preheating cavity (1), wherein a feed hopper (2) is arranged above the preheating cavity (1), a discharge hole (3) is arranged below the preheating cavity (1), a liquid adding spray nozzle (21) is arranged on the side wall of the feed hopper (2), a dielectric polar plate (11) is arranged on the inner side wall of the preheating cavity (1), the dielectric polar plate (11) is electrically connected with an alternating current power supply, so that liquid enters a gap of solid waste materials when the solid waste materials slide into the preheating cavity (1) from the feed hopper (2), dielectric heating is carried out between the dielectric polar plates (11) on the solid waste materials entering the preheating cavity (1), and the liquid in the solid waste materials is heated so as to preheat the solid waste materials;
a plurality of baffle plates (12) which are obliquely arranged are arranged in the preheating cavity (1);
the liquid adding spray head (21) is connected with a liquid adding bin (22), a recovery pipe (13) communicated with the liquid adding bin (22) is arranged above the preheating cavity (1), an air valve (131) is arranged in the recovery pipe (13), the recovery pipe (13) is communicated with the liquid adding bin (22) through a condensing pipe (14), and the height of the condensing pipe (14) is not lower than the height of the liquid adding bin (22), wherein liquid in the liquid adding bin (22) is water or alcohol;
The side wall of the feed hopper (2) is provided with the needle-shaped bulge (23), so that the solid waste material aggregated into a group can be cracked by the needle-shaped bulge when the feed hopper flows in, the liquid sprayed by the liquid adding spray head can enter the gaps conveniently, and the moist liquid at the inner side of the solid waste material group can escape from the gaps after being heated in the dielectric heating process.
2. A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dielectric plate (11) comprises a first plate and a second plate, and the number of the first plate and the second plate is at least one.
3. The solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alternating current power supply is high-frequency alternating current of not lower than 40 MHz.
4. The solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alternating current power supply is electrically connected with a controller.
5. The solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the discharge port (3) is arranged obliquely.
CN202111631369.9A 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 A solid waste treatment preheating structure based on dielectric heating Active CN114484454B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN114484454B true CN114484454B (en) 2025-01-24

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB854439A (en) * 1956-07-30 1960-11-16 Magnetic Heating Corp Improvements relating to the separation of volatile liquids from solid dielectric material
CN214581093U (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-11-02 河南天成环保科技股份有限公司 Environment-friendly solid waste treatment device

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH583404A5 (en) * 1975-03-18 1976-12-31 Patelhold Patentverwertung
GB2266442A (en) * 1992-05-01 1993-11-03 Dickinson Eng Ltd W H Apparatus and method for expanding tobacco
CN108204594A (en) * 2018-03-22 2018-06-26 响水新宇环保科技有限公司 Solid waste burning pretreating device
CN109442422B (en) * 2018-11-05 2019-12-13 安徽航天环境工程有限公司 High-temperature microwave plasma generator and waste treatment system
CN210701640U (en) * 2019-08-02 2020-06-09 江西恩渡环保工程有限公司 Solid waste treatment and recovery device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB854439A (en) * 1956-07-30 1960-11-16 Magnetic Heating Corp Improvements relating to the separation of volatile liquids from solid dielectric material
CN214581093U (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-11-02 河南天成环保科技股份有限公司 Environment-friendly solid waste treatment device

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