KR101718008B1 - Food Waste Treatment System Using Plasma Torch And Food Waste Treatment Method Using the Same - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, when a bag containing food waste is fed through a feeding port, the weight of the food bag is automatically metered and transported to the reactor. The food waste bag is pulverized in the reactor and pyrolytically burned with a high temperature plasma torch at about 1300 ° C., The present invention relates to a food waste disposal apparatus and method which are capable of effectively discharging only cleaned gas after dust and harmful components are effectively removed. The apparatus for disposing food waste according to the present invention comprises a hopper And a conveyor unit for conveying the food garbage bag inserted into the hopper; A crusher for crushing the food waste bag introduced into the reactor, a food waste disposed on the upper portion of the reactor and being crushed by the crusher, A gas exhaust port provided at a lower side of the reactor for opening and closing an exhaust port formed in a lower portion of the reactor, and a gas discharge port provided at one side of the reactor for discharging gas and dust generated in the combustion process, And a gas exhaust port for exhausting the gas exhausted to the outside; And an exhaust gas processing unit connected to the gas exhaust port of the reactor to remove dust, carbon monoxide and NOx from a mixed fluid of gas and dust exhausted through the gas exhaust port, and to exhaust the exhaust gas to the outside.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a food waste treatment apparatus using a plasma torch,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a food waste disposal apparatus and method, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for disposing food garbage, Temperature plasma torch to exhaust the ash to the outside, effectively remove dust and harmful components from the harmful exhaust gas generated during combustion, and exhaust only the purified gas to the outside. And methods.

As the city develops and the dwelling is concentrated, the food waste discharged from each household is concentrated. However, since the mass disposal plant of food waste is installed in the outskirts of the residential area, the food waste in the residential area is collected, It has been recognized that food waste must be disposed of at the place where the food waste is generated due to the presence of other complaints such as odor and harmful insects during storage, transportation and final disposal of such food waste .

Therefore, in response to this recognition, development of a technology capable of treating food waste at a source site is actively under way.

Food waste treatment technology developed for use at home is a technology that grinds food waste into a drain pipe together with water by crushing it with a grinder. Although this method can easily treat food waste at home, The load becomes too high, causing many problems in the operation of the sewage treatment plant. The food waste disinfection system using the technology of disposing food waste by using microorganisms is advantageous in terms of environment friendly treatment, but it takes a long time to completely decompose organic matters contained in food waste into microorganisms, There is an economical burden to be continuously supplied and a problem that some anaerobic microorganisms decompose organic matter and generate odorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan, .

Meanwhile, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, there is also a technology of drying or carbonizing solids discharged from a sewer, which is produced by squeezing and dewatering food, with an electric heater or a fossil fuel burner. This technique is a technique of disposing a plastic bag containing food waste It is difficult to use food waste only, and drying and carbonization are carried out at a temperature of 600 ° C or less by using an electric heater, and a large amount of odor is generated because the treatment time is long and the odor substances generated during carbonization can not be pyrolyzed at high temperature There is also a problem.

In addition, Korean Patent No. 10-1052855 and Japanese Patent No. 10-1563401 disclose techniques for treating food waste using low-temperature plasma.

Plasma is a kind of flame that is generated by using electricity with a high concentration of ions and electrons. Plasma is classified into low-temperature plasma and high-temperature plasma depending on the correlation between the electron temperature and the gas temperature. At low temperature plasma, electron temperature is higher than gas temperature and it is generated by high pressure discharge. DBD, glow, corona, etc. Are one type, and odor generated in food waste treatment process can be removed.

In addition, Korean Patent No. 10-0311904 and No. 10-0582753 disclose a technique for treating food waste using high-temperature plasma. The high-temperature plasma has the same electron temperature and gas temperature and is divided into a transfer type and a non-transfer type according to the generation type. The transfer formula is a form in which arc discharge occurs between the anode and the cathode. In the non-transferring type, the discharged arc is maintained as a high-speed flame by the working gas.

However, in the treatment apparatus using the high-temperature plasma of the registered patent No. 10-0311904, the food waste (containing more than 70% moisture) is disposed between the electrodes in the transfer type plasma reactor to generate and process the plasma. There is a problem of giving a considerable physical load to the semiconductor device.

Further, Japanese Patent Registration No. 10-0582753 uses a non-transfer type plasma, which pyrolyzes the waste and discharges it as slag (liquid phase material). The treatment apparatus of this patent No. 10-0582753 consumes a large amount of energy, and as the reaction furnace carrying the garbage, the expensive refractory material and the heat insulating material are used, which causes an increase in the initial construction cost.

Conventional low-temperature plasma or food waste disposal apparatuses using high-temperature plasma have a problem of generating a large amount of NOx because there is no way to suppress the generation of NOx (nitrogen oxide) during the combustion process.

Korean Patent No. 10-1052855 Korean Patent No. 10-1563401 Korea Patent No. 10-0311904 Korean Patent No. 10-0582753 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0060257 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2008-0004337

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for disposing a food waste into a reactor without breaking or separating the bag until the bag containing the food waste is transported to the reactor, Which is capable of minimizing the generation of malodorous and harmful gas during the combustion process, and a food waste disposal apparatus and method.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a food waste disposal apparatus including a hopper including a hopper into which a bag containing food waste is put, and a conveyor unit that feeds the food waste bag into the hopper; A crusher for crushing the food waste bag introduced into the reactor, a food waste disposed on the upper portion of the reactor and being crushed by the crusher, A gas exhaust port provided at a lower side of the reactor for opening and closing an exhaust port formed in a lower portion of the reactor, and a gas discharge port provided at one side of the reactor for discharging gas and dust generated in the combustion process, And a gas exhaust port for exhausting the gas exhausted to the outside; An exhaust gas processing unit connected to the gas exhaust port of the reactor to remove dust, carbon monoxide and NOx from a mixed fluid of gas and dust discharged through the gas exhaust port, and to exhaust the exhaust gas to the outside; And a controller for controlling operations of the charging unit, the combustion processing unit, and the exhaust gas processing unit.

The method of treating food waste using the food waste disposal apparatus of the present invention comprises:

(a) injecting a bag containing food waste into a hopper;

(b) transferring the food waste bag introduced into the hopper to the upper portion of the inlet of the reactor as a conveyor unit;

(c) feeding a food waste bag through an inlet of the reactor;

(d) operating the crusher in the reactor to crush the food waste bag and operating the plasma torch to burn the food waste to be crushed;

(e) discharging gas and dust generated in the reactor to the exhaust gas treatment unit to remove dust, carbon monoxide and NOx;

(f) stopping the operation of the crusher and the plasma torch when the burning of the food waste is completed, and discharging the ash in the reactor;

And a control unit.

According to the present invention, there is provided a food waste disposal system comprising: a main body including a charging unit, a combustion processing unit, and an exhaust gas treatment unit integrated into the main body, wherein food waste is tamped or food waste is removed from the bag, The food garbage bag is put in, and it can be broken and pyrolytically burned efficiently by the high-temperature plasma, and then only the clean air from which odor, noxious gas and dust have been removed can be discharged to the outside. Accordingly, it is possible to implement a highly efficient eco-friendly food waste disposal apparatus with a small size and configuration, and it is possible to significantly reduce the generation of odor.

Further, the food waste disposal apparatus of the present invention is advantageous in that the food waste is transported through the conveyor belt concealed by the conveyor cover, directly fed into the reactor from the conveyor belt, and pyrolyzed and burned by the high-temperature plasma flame, .

When the temperature of the inside of the reactor is raised to a predetermined preheat temperature or higher before the food waste bag is introduced into the reactor, the odor generated as moisture in the food waste evaporates is discharged into the exhaust gas as it is without pyrolysis at high temperature So that the occurrence of odor can be further alleviated.

Particularly, the food garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention minimizes the possibility of air pollution since the generation of NOx can be minimized by injecting urea water into the reactor during pyrolysis and burning with a high-temperature plasma torch in the reactor.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the entire configuration of a food waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a charging unit of the food garbage disposal apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Fig.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the charging unit of Fig.
Fig. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a combustion processing section of the food garbage disposal apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Fig.
5 is a cross-sectional view of the combustion treatment section of Fig.
Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the urea water injection nozzle constructed in the combustion processing section of Fig. 4; Fig.
7 is a plan view of the urea water injection nozzle of Fig.
Fig. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an exhaust gas processing section of the food waste disposal apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Fig.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a food waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 8 illustrate a configuration of a food waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a food waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: A charging unit 10 for charging a bag containing food waste by a user and a burning treatment unit for burning the food waste bag transferred from the charging unit 10 by using the plasma torch 22 until it becomes ash An exhaust gas processing unit 30 for removing dust and noxious gas components generated during combustion in the combustion processing unit 20 and an exhaust gas processing unit 30 for controlling the injection unit 10, (Not shown) for controlling the operation of the microcomputer 30 and the like.

The injection unit 10, the combustion processing unit 20, the exhaust gas processing unit 30, and the controller are integrated in the processing apparatus main body 1.

2 and 3, the input unit 10 includes a wireless communication terminal 12 for wirelessly communicating with a storage medium for storing information on a processor for disposing food waste, A conveyor unit 15 for conveying the food waste bag introduced into the hopper 11 and a food waste bag installed in the lower portion of the hopper 11 to measure the weight of the food waste bag put into the hopper 11 And a door 11a for automatically opening the upper end inlet 11b of the hopper 11 upon receiving the information of the radio communication terminal 12. [

As the storage medium, a card having an RFID tag or a mobile communication terminal such as a 'smart phone' may be used. The wireless communication terminal 12 may be an RFID reader or the like for reading RFID tag information of the card Can be applied. The door 11a is automatically opened and closed when the wireless communication terminal 12 is connected to the controller (not shown) and reads the RFID tag information of the card. The weight of the food waste bag put into the hopper 11 When the measurement is made by the meter (13), it is displayed and notified to the processor.

The hopper 11 has an inlet 11b opened at an upper end thereof and an outlet 11c through which a food waste bag is discharged at a lower end thereof. The door 11a is rotatably or slidably mounted on the upper portion of the hopper 11 to automatically open and close the upper inlet 11b of the hopper 11. [ The driving device for automatically moving the door 11a can be constructed using a known hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, a driving device using a motor and a pulley and a belt, and a driving device using a motor and a plurality of gears.

The lower end of the conveyor unit 15 is disposed below the outlet 11c of the lower end of the hopper 11 and the upper end of the conveyor unit 15 is disposed above the inlet 21a of the reactor 21 of the combustion processing unit 20, A conveyor belt 16 for conveying the food garbage bag while being rotated by receiving the power, a partition 18 disposed at a predetermined interval on the conveyor belt 16 to form an independent space for accommodating the food garbage bag, Through holes 17a and 17b are formed in the portion corresponding to the outlet of the lower end of the hopper 11 and the portion corresponding to the inlet 21a of the reactor 21 so as to surround the outside of the belt 16 And a conveyor cover (17).

The conveyor belt 16 is inclined at a predetermined angle and transfers the food waste bag to the reactor 21 while being automatically rotated by a conveyor belt driving device constructed in a known conveyor apparatus.

The partition 18 provided on the conveyor belt 16 supports the food waste bag so that the food waste bag does not flow down when the conveyor belt 16 transports the food waste bag to the reactor 21, The food garbage bag of FIG.

The conveyor cover 17 is installed so as to surround the outer side of the conveyor belt 16 so that the conveyor belt 16 is concealed so that the odor of the food waste is prevented from being discharged to the outside, (16). The conveyor cover 17 is provided with a cleaning nozzle 19 connected to an external washing water supply unit and spraying washing water to the conveyor belt 16. The washing nozzle 19 is connected to an existing water pipe and is connected to a washing water storage tank (not shown) and a washing water supply pump (not shown) for receiving washing water or storing separate washing water, periodically receiving washing water, (16).

4 and 5, the combustion processing unit 20 includes a reactor 21 having a charging port 21a into which a food waste bag conveyed through the conveyor unit 15 is introduced, A plasma torch 22 disposed on the upper part of the reactor 21 for applying a plasma flame to the food waste to be crushed by the crusher 23 and burning the food waste, A gas discharge door 24 installed at a lower side of the reactor 21 to open and close an outlet formed in the lower portion of the reactor 21 and a gas outlet door 24 installed at one side of the reactor 21, And a gas exhaust port 21b for exhausting the dust to the outside.

The upper surface of the reactor 21 is formed with an inlet 21a through which the food waste bag dropped from the conveyor belt 16 is inserted. Although not shown in the drawing, the charging port 21a is provided with a charging port for automatically opening and closing the charging port 21a.

A temperature sensor 28 is installed at one side of the reactor 21 for measuring the temperature inside the reactor 21 in real time and transmitting the measured temperature to the controller.

The crusher 23 is provided with a rotating shaft 23a rotatably installed inside the reactor 21 and a plurality of cutting blades 24a and 24b which are hooked on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 23a and break the food waste bag and the food waste And a crusher driving motor 23c connected to one end of the rotating shaft 23a from the outside of the reactor 21 to rotate the rotating shaft 23a.

The cutting blade 23b is rotated by the rotating shaft 23a to break the food waste bag and to smoothly spread the food waste and to remove the residue of the food waste attached to the wall surface of the reactor 21 .

The plasma torch 22 generates a plasma flame and burns the food waste at a high temperature of about 1300 DEG C, thereby providing an advantage that the odor is not generated in the combustion process. Preferably, the plasma torch 22 uses a non-transferred plasma torch to sustain the plasma flame continuously from the plasma torch after generating the plasma at its built-in positive (+) (-) poles.

On the other hand, when pyrolytic combustion of the plastic bag and the food waste broken in the reactor 21 starts, the moisture and CO generation increases at the initial stage of combustion, and the amount of CO ₂ and NOx increases at the latter stage of combustion. is caused by thermal decomposition, increase of the CO ₂ is to cause the combustible minutes combustion in the garbage components, an increase in NOx is while the temperature inside the reactor increased above 600 ℃ nitrogen contained in the combustion air (N ₂₎ and oxygen ( O ₂₎ are dissociated in combination with oxygen (O) dissociated after screen dissociation of nitrogen (N) there is the like changed by NOx nitrogen oxides (NO, N2O, NO2), at this time the number of elements into the reactor (21) ( (NH2) 2CO.H2O), dissociated nitrogen and dissociated nitrogen generated by decomposition of urea water at high temperature are combined with dissociated nitrogen to be converted into N ₂ , and dissociated hydrogen is combined with dissociated oxygen to form OH or H changed to ₂ O It can be suppressed as much as possible to the nitrogen in the combustion air supplied to the reactor 21 to create a reducing atmosphere is converted to NOx.

To this end, the combustion processing unit 20 injects urea water ((NH ₂ ) ₂ CO.H ₂ O) into the reactor 21 when the combustion by the plasma torch 22 proceeds in the reactor 21 A urea water injection nozzle 25 for suppressing the generation of NOx and a urea water supply unit for supplying urea water to the urea water injection nozzle 25. [ The urea water supply unit may include a storage tank 27 for storing the number of urea water and a pump 26 for pumping the urea water of the storage tank 27 to the urea water injection nozzle 25.

The urea water injection nozzle 25 is configured to inject urea water in various directions so as to uniformly inject urea water into the reactor 21. As shown in Figs. 6 and 7, The header 25a includes a header 25a connected to a pipe connected to the pump 26 and supplied with urea water and a disc 25 installed at a lower end of the header 25a and communicating with the header 25a to spray urea water And a nozzle disc 25b in which a plurality of ejection openings 25c are formed in a radial direction.

8, the exhaust gas processing unit 30 removes dust, carbon monoxide and NOx from a mixed gas of gas and dust discharged through the gas exhaust port 21b of the reactor 21, Thereby preventing air pollution.

In this embodiment, the exhaust gas processing unit 30 has a lower end connected to the gas exhaust port 21b of the reactor 21, a conical shape having a larger diameter toward the upper part, and a cyclone 31 for removing dust by centrifugal force A high temperature filtration and dust collector 32 provided on the upper side of the cyclone 31 and having a filter material of ceramic material for filtering out fine particles and a high temperature filtration dust collector 32 connected to a downstream end of the high temperature filtration and dust collector 32 to convert carbon monoxide A CO catalyst layer 33 made of copper and a nickel catalyst for converting into CO ₂ , a NOx catalyst layer 34 using V ₂ O ₅ and TiO ₂ and WO ₃ catalyst for converting NOx to N ₂ and O ₂ , A venturi scrubber 35 and a scrubber 36 continuously connected to the rear end of the NOx catalyst layer 34 and a blower 37 connected to the rear end of the scrubber 36 for forcibly exhausting the gas to the outside.

When the food waste is pyrolyzed by the high-temperature plasma in the reactor 21, a high-temperature exhaust gas is generated. The high-temperature exhaust gas contains a large amount of dust and air pollutants such as CO, CO ₂ , NO x, have. Since it is important to remove the dust before passing the exhaust gas through the catalyst layer, dust in the above-mentioned pollutants is a major cause of the occlusion of the CO catalyst layer 33 and the NOx catalyst layer 34. Therefore, It is preferable to dispose a cyclone 31 for removing particulate dust and a high-temperature filter dust collector 32 for removing fine particles at the rear end of the cyclone 31. However, the filter dust collector generally used is not made of a material that can withstand high temperatures, and the filter dust collector of Teflon which can withstand a relatively high temperature can not withstand a high temperature of 300 ° C. or more. Therefore, the filter and dust collector used in the conventional pyrolysis and combustion treatment facility lowers the exhaust gas temperature to 250 ° C or less by spraying water to the front end of the filter. When the exhaust gas temperature is lowered, It is necessary to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst to 300 DEG C or higher to increase the treatment efficiency of the catalyst layer. Therefore, in the present invention, by providing a high-temperature filter / dust collector (32) using a ceramic filter cloth resistant to a high temperature of 650 ° C at the downstream of the cyclone (31) of the exhaust gas processing unit (30) So that the exhaust gas can be operated economically.

In order to simplify the equipment, the cyclone 31 is disposed at the lower part and the high-temperature filter 32 is connected directly to the upper part of the cyclone 31 to become a batch dust processing device.

CO catalyst 33 connected downstream of the high-temperature fabric filter 32 is combined with the oxygen remaining carbon monoxide (CO) at a high temperature in the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas of carbon dioxide copper + nickel catalyst that converted to (CO ₂₎ Lt; / RTI > The NOx catalyst layer 34 is connected to the rear end of the CO catalyst layer 33 and is made of V ₂ O ₅ and TiO ₂ which convert NOx to N ₂ and O ₂ at high temperature and WO ₃ Catalyst.

The reason for placing the CO catalyst layer 33 on the upstream side of the NOx catalyst layer 34 is that when there is a large amount of CO, CO in the NOx catalyst layer 34 is converted into C and NO by replacing N ₂ purified in the NOx catalyst layer 34 Prompt NOx is produced, so that the CO catalyst layer 33 is disposed at the front end (lower portion) of the catalyst layer into which the exhaust gas flows and the NOx catalyst layer 34 is directly connected to the rear end (upper portion) .

Since the exhaust gas discharged from the rear end of the NOx catalyst layer 34 may have a bad odor or a small amount of gaseous contaminants or fine dust remaining in contact with the alkaline or acidic solution in the cleaning type dust collector, It can be discharged to the atmosphere with clean exhaust gas at low temperature. If the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the washing-type dust collecting apparatus is 80 ° C or more, the cleaning liquid sprayed at the time of cleaning is not vaporized and is not collected. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the exhaust gas flowing into the washing-type dust collecting apparatus. A scrubber 36 is installed to spray the water from the venturi scrubber 35 to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas and spray the chemical solution at the downstream end to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas and remove the fine contaminants in the exhaust gas In order to simplify the facility, a venturi scrubber 35 is disposed at the front end and a scrubber 36 is directly connected to the rear end to provide a collective cooling facility.

On the other hand, a blower (37) is connected to the rear end of the scrubber (36) so that the exhaust gas can be smoothly discharged to the outside.

The operation of the food waste disposal apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

When the information storage medium such as a card or a smart phone possessed by the user is approached to the wireless communication terminal 12, the wireless communication terminal 12 reads the information of the storage medium, and a controller (not shown) And the like are output to the outside through a display device (not shown) or the like, and the door 11a of the hopper 11 is automatically opened.

When the user inserts the bag containing the food waste through the upper inlet 11b of the hopper 11, the meter 13 attached to the lower end of the hopper 11 measures the weight of the food waste bag, (Not shown) provided on the display unit 12 and notifies the user. Then, the door 11a is closed again.

The food waste bag introduced into the hopper 11 is weighed through the weighing device 13 and then dropped on the conveyor belt 16 through the outlet 11c at the lower part of the hopper 11 to be placed thereon.

Then, the conveyor belt 16 is rotated in the clockwise direction in the drawing by its driving device (not shown) to transfer the food waste bag to the upper side of the reactor 21. At this time, the inlet door (not shown) formed at the inlet 21a of the upper surface of the reactor 21 is automatically opened and the food waste bag conveyed to the upper end of the conveyor belt 16 is conveyed to the upper end of the conveyor cover 17 Is introduced into the reactor (21) through the through hole (17b) formed in the surface.

On the other hand, before the food waste bag is introduced into the reactor 21, the plasma torch 22 is operated so that the temperature inside the reactor 21 reaches the preheating temperature preliminarily input to the controller, It is preferable to warm up to preheat. If the food waste is burned at a low temperature in the reactor 21, the odor generated when the food waste is burned with the plasma flame directly before the pyrolysis progresses can be discharged into the exhaust gas without being pyrolyzed at high temperature Because.

When the food garbage bag is inserted into the reactor 21, the crusher 23 rotates to break the food garbage bag and smooth the food garbage. At the same time, the plasma torch 22 is operated to pyrolyze and burn food waste at a high temperature of approximately 1300 ° C. The plasma torch 22 keeps the non-transporting plasma flame as a non-transfer type plasma torch and pyrolytically burns the food waste.

At this time, the urea water supply unit operates the pump 26 to uniformly inject the urea water ((NH ₂ ) ₂ CO.H ₂ O) into the reactor 21 through the urea water injection nozzle 25, .

The food waste that has been pyrolyzed and burned in the reactor 21 is collected and accumulated on the bottom surface of the reactor 21. When the burning process of the food waste is completed, 24) is opened to discharge the ash to the outside.

Meanwhile, during pyrolytic combustion of food waste in the reactor 21, the blower 37 of the exhaust gas processing unit 30 is operated so that the combustion gas and the dust are discharged to the outside through the gas exhaust port 21b of the reactor 21 . The exhaust gas discharged through the gas exhaust port 21b passes through the cyclone 31 connected to the downstream end of the gas exhaust port 21b of the reactor 21, and the dust is removed by the centrifugal force.

Dust of the fine particles passing through the cyclone 31 is filtered while passing through the high temperature filter 32 on the cyclone 31. Dust and gas components of the ultrafine particles passing through the high temperature filter 34 pass through the CO catalyst layer 33 and the NOx catalyst layer 34. At this time, carbon monoxide (CO) in the harmful components of the exhaust gas is CO Is converted into carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) while passing through the catalyst layer 33, and NO x is converted into N ₂ and O ₂ while passing through the NOx catalyst layer 34.

Subsequently, the purified air and the ultrafine dust pass through the venturi scrubber 35 and the scrubber 36 at the downstream end of the catalyst layer in turn, and the ultrafine dust is removed by the cleaning liquid, and the gas is cooled and discharged to the outside through the blower 37 .

According to the present invention as described above, the charging unit 10, the combustion processing unit 20, and the exhaust gas processing unit 30 are integrated in the main body 1 to efficiently pyrolyze and burn the food waste with the high-temperature plasma , Odor and noxious gas, and clean air from which dust has been removed can be discharged to the outside, so that a highly efficient eco-friendly food garbage disposal apparatus can be implemented.

In the food waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the food waste is conveyed through the conveyor belt 16 concealed by the conveyor cover 17, directly fed into the reactor 21 from the conveyor belt 16, There is an advantage that the odor is hardly generated since the pyrolysis is burnt.

When the temperature of the inside of the reactor 21 is raised to a predetermined preheating temperature or higher before the food waste bag is put into the reactor 21, the odor generated by the evaporation of moisture in the food waste is not pyrolyzed at high temperature The phenomenon of being discharged into the exhaust gas as it is is prevented, so that the occurrence of odor can be further reduced.

Particularly, the food waste disposal apparatus of the present invention minimizes the generation of NOx by injecting urea water into the reactor 21 at the same time as pyrolysis and combustion in the reactor 21 with the high-temperature plasma torch 22, There is an advantage to be minimized.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. And it is to be understood that such modified embodiments belong to the scope of protection of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

1: main body 10: input part
11: hopper 11a: door
12: wireless communication terminal 13: meter
15: Conveyor unit 16: Conveyor belt
17: Conveyor cover 18: Partition
20: combustion processing section 21: reactor
22: Plasma torch 23: Crusher
24: ash outlet door 25: urea water injection nozzle
26: Pump 27: Storage tank
28: Temperature sensor 30: Exhaust gas treatment section
31: Cyclone 32: High temperature filtration dust collector
33: CO catalyst layer 34: NOx catalyst layer
35: Venturi scrubber 36: Scrubber
37: blower

Claims (14)

(10) including a hopper (11) into which a bag containing food waste is put, and a conveyor unit (15) for feeding the food waste bag put into the hopper (11);
A reactor 21 having an inlet 21a into which a food waste bag transferred through the conveyor unit 15 is introduced, a crusher 23 for crushing the food waste bag introduced into the reactor 21, A plasma torch 22 disposed on the upper side of the reactor 21 for applying a plasma flame to the food waste to be crushed by the crusher 23 and burning the same; And a gas discharge port (21b) provided at one side of the reactor (21) for discharging gas and dust generated in the combustion process to the outside, (20);
An exhaust gas processing unit 30 connected to the gas exhaust port 21b of the reactor 21 to remove dust, carbon monoxide and NOx from a mixed fluid of gas and dust exhausted through the gas exhaust port 21b, and to exhaust the exhaust gas to the outside;
A controller for controlling operations of the charging unit 10, the combustion processing unit 20, and the exhaust gas processing unit 30;
/ RTI >
The exhaust gas treatment unit 30 includes a cyclone 31 having a lower end connected to the gas exhaust port 21b of the reactor 21 and having a conical shape increasing in diameter toward the upper side to remove dust by centrifugal force, installed on top of the clones (31) is connected to the rear end of which includes the filter fabric of the ceramic material to filter out fine particles, high temperature fabric filter 32, the high-temperature fabric filters (32) of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide (CO) (CO ₂ , A NOx catalyst layer 34 using V ₂ O ₅ and TiO ₂ and WO ₃ catalysts for converting NOx to N ₂ and O ₂ , A venturi scrubber 35 and a scrubber 36 continuously connected to a rear end of the scrubber 36 and a blower 37 connected to a rear end of the scrubber 36 for forcibly exhausting gas to the outside. Food waste disposal using plasma torch Device. The wireless communication terminal (12) according to claim 1, wherein the input unit (10) comprises a wireless communication terminal (12) for wirelessly communicating with a storage medium storing information of a processor for disposing food waste, A door 11a for automatically opening the upper end opening 11b of the hopper 11 and a meter for measuring the weight of the food waste bag installed in the hopper 11 at the lower portion of the hopper 11 13. The food garbage disposal apparatus as claimed in claim 10, The conveyor unit according to claim 1, wherein one end of the conveyor unit (15) is disposed below the outlet of the lower end of the hopper (11) and the other end is disposed above the inlet (21a) of the reactor (21) A partition 18 disposed at a predetermined interval on the conveyor belt 16 to form an independent space in which a food waste bag is received, a conveyor belt 16 for conveying the food waste bag while rotating, (17a, 17b) formed at a portion corresponding to the outlet of the lower end of the hopper (11) and at a portion corresponding to the inlet (21a) of the reactor (21) And a cover (17). The food waste disposal apparatus (1) according to claim 3, wherein the conveyor cover (17) is provided with a cleaning nozzle (19) connected to an external wash water supply device and spraying wash water onto the conveyor belt (16) . The plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein the combustion processing unit (20) is disposed at one side of the reactor (21) NH ₂ ) ₂ CO.H ₂ O);
A urea water supply unit including a storage tank 27 for storing the number of urea water and a pump 26 for pumping the number of urea of the storage tank 27 to the urea water injection nozzle 25;
Further comprising a plasma torch. 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the urea water injection nozzle (25) comprises a header (25a) connected to a pipe connected to the pump (26) and supplied with urea water, And a nozzle disc (25b) communicating with the nozzle (25a) and having a plurality of ejection openings (25c) for ejecting the urea water in a radial direction. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crusher (23) comprises a rotating shaft (23a) rotatably installed inside the reactor (21), a plurality of cutting blades (23b) in the form of hooks provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft And a shredder driving motor (23c) connected to one end of the rotary shaft (23a) to rotate the rotary shaft (23a) from the outside of the reactor (21). The method according to claim 1, wherein the combustion processing unit (20) further comprises a temperature sensor (28) installed at one side of the reactor (21) for measuring the temperature inside the reactor (21) Wherein the conveyor unit (15) feeds the food waste bag into the reactor (21) when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor (28) becomes equal to or higher than the preheat temperature previously input to the controller Garbage disposal device. The plasma torch of claim 1, wherein the plasma torch (22) is a non-transferred plasma torch that continuously generates a plasma at a positive (+) electrode built therein and then maintains a plasma flame at the plasma torch Food waste disposal system using plasma torch. delete 10. A food waste disposal method using the food waste disposal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
(a) injecting a bag containing food waste into the hopper 11;
(b) transferring the food waste bag put into the hopper 11 to the upper portion of the inlet 21a of the reactor 21 as a conveyor unit;
(c) feeding the food waste bag through the inlet 21a of the reactor 21;
(d) operating the crusher (23) in the reactor (21) to crush the food waste bag and operating the plasma torch to burn the food waste to be crushed;
(e) discharging gas and dust generated in the reactor (21) to the exhaust gas processing unit (30) to remove dust, carbon monoxide and NOx;
(f) stopping the operation of the crusher (23) and the plasma torch (22) when the burning of the food waste is completed, and discharging the ash in the reactor (21);
The method comprising the steps of: preparing a plasma torch; 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the plasma torch (22) is operated to perform the step of preheating the inside of the reactor (21) until the temperature inside the reactor (21) Wherein the plasma torch is used as a food waste. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the preheating temperature is 300 < 0 > C. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the urea water is injected into the reactor (21) during the step (d).

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