CN114469306A

CN114469306A - Multidimensional sighting device for femoral neck

Info

Publication number: CN114469306A
Application number: CN202210057572.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈聚伍
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-01-19
Filing date: 2022-01-19
Publication date: 2022-05-13

Abstract

The invention discloses a multidimensional sighting device for femoral necks, wherein a transverse square sleeve is vertically fixed below an upright post of a multidimensional adjusting mechanism, the transverse square sleeve is sleeved outside a transverse square post of a clamping bed seat in a matching manner and is fixed by a locking nail, a vertical sleeve assembly is fixed at the root part of a longitudinal rod, the vertical sleeve assembly is sleeved outside the upright post in a matching manner and can slide up and down, rotate and lock, the longitudinal sliding sleeve can slide and be locked longitudinally along the longitudinal rod, an arc assembly connected to the longitudinal sliding sleeve comprises an arc sliding rail and an arc rod sleeved in the arc sliding rail in a matching manner, the arc sliding rail and the arc rod can rotate relatively and can be locked, and an extension line of the axial center of a radial sleeve of the arc rod passes through the circle center of the arc assembly. The invention not only can move transversely, vertically and longitudinally, but also can rotate and adjust left and right, and can rotate and adjust up and down around the arc slide rail after aiming at a drilling point, the structure is simplified, the multidimensional adjustment function is complete, and the positioning stability is high.

Description

Multidimensional sighting device for femoral neck

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fracture operation auxiliary equipment, and particularly relates to a femoral neck multi-dimensional aiming device.

Background

In the operation treatment of femoral neck fracture and femoral intertrochanteric fracture, when the hollow nail internal fixation and the pressure sliding goose head nail (DHS) internal fixation are carried out, a kirschner wire is used for positioning and guiding so as to ensure that the hollow nail to be implanted is positioned in the proper position of the medullary cavity of the femoral neck. In the prior art, a traditional guider is used for positioning a kirschner wire in front of a femoral neck, and then the positioning is used as a reference of an anteversion angle to visually determine the direction and the position of a kirschner wire guide pin. To solve this problem, it is necessary to design a guiding sighting device which is consistent with the anteversion angle and can ensure that the guiding kirschner wire is properly positioned in the femoral neck and is completely parallel to the anteversion angle.

The existing three-nail treatment of femoral neck fracture refers to a method for treating femoral neck fracture by screwing three hollow threaded nails into the femoral neck through the cortex of the proximal lateral side of the femur and through the femoral neck fracture line and respectively bearing different stresses through reasonable arrangement. The operation effect of the existing three nails for treating femoral neck fracture is closely related to the position layout of the three nails, is not a direct-view operation, and is an operation under X-ray fluoroscopy. The internal fixation of three hollow nails has become a standard operation type for treating neck-middle-sized distal femoral neck fracture, and the key points are the correct position and ideal length of the inserted guide needle. The conventional guide needle is usually placed by depending on visual observation and experience of doctors, measurement of objective standards is lacked, and intraoperative adjustment cannot be quantized, and the following problems exist: 1. highly dependent X-ray fluoroscopy; 2. the proximal end of the femur is repeatedly operated to cause bone defect, iatrogenic fracture, reduction of holding force of screws, loosening or screw withdrawal; 3. not only the position and the angle of the guide pin in the femoral neck can not be accurately determined, but also the ideal length of the guide pin can not be achieved, and the guide pin and the screw can easily break through articular cartilage to damage pelvic viscera and joints; 4. the C-arm machine is required to be repeatedly used for positioning during preoperative operation of an operating doctor, and the puncture needle is repeatedly adjusted to be positioned for trying on according to the operation experience of a clinician. When a young doctor or a doctor with insufficient clinical experience operates, the number of times of fluoroscopy shooting is inevitably increased, the radiation quantity of a doctor and a patient is increased, the number of times of puncture is increased, and the pain of the patient is increased. Even doctors with abundant clinical experience are inevitable in positioning, and the C-arm machine is used for shooting and positioning for multiple times and the Kirschner wire is used for puncturing for multiple times. 5. In the primary hospitals and natural disaster areas such as earthquake typhoon and the like, the operation risk is extremely high due to the lack of equipment such as a C-arm X-ray machine.

The three-dimensional guiding sighting device comprises a bone sticking plate and a reference right-angle plate connected with the top end of the bone sticking plate, wherein the reference right-angle plate comprises a front plate, a rear plate connected with the rear part of the front plate and a handle connected with the bottom end of the rear plate, the upper part of the front plate protrudes upwards, the lower part of the front end of the front plate is provided with a sliding groove, the upper part of the front plate is provided with a mouth-shaped through groove, the through groove is provided with a through groove notch, the front end of the front plate is connected with a guiding sliding block, the guiding sliding block is provided with a sliding block notch, and the bottom of the guiding sliding block is provided with a sliding block; the middle part of the aiming guide pipe is provided with a through hole, the front part of the aiming guide device is provided with a threaded column, and the threaded column penetrates through the through groove of the front plate and is in threaded connection with the through screw hole of the guide sliding block. The problem of aiming has been solved to a certain extent to this scheme, nevertheless because lacks angle modulation function after the structure is simplified, and three-dimensional regulatory function is incomplete, consequently fails to promote and apply on a large scale.

The punching process in the existing similar equipment needs to meet the requirement of multi-dimensional adjustment, and the equipment not only needs to be capable of transversely moving, longitudinally moving and lifting for three-dimensional adjustment, but also needs to have the functions of horizontally rotating, vertically rotating and adjusting. The existing corresponding devices applied to the field do not completely have the functions. Although some devices can realize multidimensional adjustment, the structure is relatively complex, the operation process is tedious and time-consuming, and adjustment of different dimensions can influence the result of previous adjustment, so that the adjustment needs to be repeated for multiple times, and the adjustment precision is poor, and too many parts are matched to cause the problem of poor overall stability due to too many fit gaps. Currently, there is a lack of aiming fixation systems for femoral neck cannulated nail leads that rely solely on the dissection of the proximal femur, independent of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects and problems commonly existing in the existing femoral neck aiming instrument, the invention provides a femoral neck multidimensional aiming device which is used for simplifying the structure, has the functions of three-dimensional displacement adjustment and three-dimensional angle adjustment, and is convenient to use without repeated adjustment.

The invention adopts the technical scheme that the multidimensional sighting device for the femoral neck comprises a clamping bed seat and a multidimensional adjusting mechanism, wherein the clamping bed seat comprises a transverse square column, the multidimensional adjusting mechanism comprises an upright column, a transverse square sleeve is vertically fixed below the upright column, the transverse square sleeve is sleeved outside the transverse square column in a matching way and can transversely slide and be fixed by a nail, the multidimensional adjusting mechanism comprises a longitudinal rod, a vertical sleeve assembly is fixed at the root part of the longitudinal rod, the vertical sleeve assembly is sleeved outside the upright column in a matching way and can slide up and down, rotate and lock, the multidimensional adjusting mechanism also comprises a longitudinal sliding sleeve sleeved on the longitudinal rod in a matching way, the longitudinal sliding sleeve can longitudinally slide and be locked along the longitudinal rod and comprises an arc assembly connected to one side of the longitudinal sliding sleeve, the arc assembly comprises an arc sliding rail and an arc rod sleeved in the arc sliding rail in a matching way, the arc sliding rail and the arc sliding sleeve can relatively rotate and can be locked, and the axial center extension line of the radial sleeve passes through the circle center of the arc component.

The rear side that is located the card bed seat contains the vertical jack that runs through from top to bottom, and vertical jack one side sets up the radial hole and installs brake nut, and the radial downthehole matching cover is equipped with the arc jackscrew, an L type pole piece include the pole setting with horizontal side cover, this pole setting matching inserts in this vertical jack, through revolving wrong brake nut and then promote the inside movement of arc jackscrew, locks L type pole piece, the perpendicular horizontal side cover of connecting in stand below matches the suit in the horizontal side post outside to horizontal side cover can be followed the horizontal side post and slided.

The inner end face of the arc jackscrew is an arc face, the arc face can be matched and attached to the outer side wall of the vertical rod of the L-shaped rod piece to keep the arc face in contact, the stability of a locking state is ensured, the inner end part of the brake nut comprises an annular groove, a U-shaped groove and a U-shaped bulge are arranged at the position of a radial hole, the U-shaped bulge can be matched and sleeved in the annular groove, and the brake nut can rotate in place and does not move axially.

The vertical sleeve component comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve which are sleeved together in a matching mode, and the inner sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the upright post in a matching mode. The outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can only rotate but cannot axially move and are fixed through radial lock wires; the inner sleeve and the upright post can only axially slide but can not rotate, and the inner sleeve and the upright post are fixed through a sliding lock wire.

The inner sleeve comprises a supporting table at the bottom and an annular groove at the middle part, the diameter of the supporting table is larger than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve, the diameter of the annular groove is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve, the inner end of the radial jackscrew is located in the annular groove, the outer sleeve is located on the upper side of the supporting table, a plane is arranged on the inner side wall of the inner sleeve, a plane is arranged on the outer side of the stand column, and the two planes are matched and attached after the inner sleeve is sleeved with the stand column.

The cross section of the arc slide rail is C-shaped or dovetail-shaped, the main body section of the arc rod is rectangular or circular or dovetail-shaped matched with the inner slide groove of the arc slide rail, and the arc rod can be sleeved in the rectangular slide groove of the longitudinal slide sleeve in a matched mode and cannot be separated.

The radial sleeve is fixed on one side of the arc rod, an axis extension line of the radial sleeve passes through the circle center of the arc rod, a first guider or a second guider is sleeved in the radial sleeve in a matching mode, the first guider can be sleeved in a matching mode and locked in the radial sleeve, and a central guide hole is formed in the axis of the second guider and used for guiding the drill rod.

And a shaft hole is formed in the center of the first guider and used for installing a guide needle. And a central positioning hole is formed in the axis of the second guider, edge guide holes are formed in the periphery of the second guider and used for guiding the drill rod, and the Kirschner wire penetrates through the central positioning hole and is used for guiding and drilling the drill rod.

The Kirschner wire can be assembled in the corresponding guider, the distance of the far end of the Kirschner wire is adjusted, the far end of the Kirschner wire is positioned at the circular position O of the circular arc rod, the device is adjusted after the length of the Kirschner wire is locked, the far end of the Kirschner wire is aligned to the position of a drilling inlet, the drilling angle is determined by utilizing the extension line of the axis of the Kirschner wire, and the drilling angle is ensured to be consistent with the drilling angle required by the femoral neck. Therefore, after the drilling position is determined by the distal end part of the Kirschner wire, multidimensional adjustment of the Kirschner wire around the drilling position is carried out, including the multi-angular position adjustment processes of longitudinal, transverse, vertical, horizontal rotation and vertical rotation, finally, the drilling position and the drilling angle are determined by the Kirschner wire, and then the drill bit is guided to drill.

The vertical column is determined to be vertical when the tip of the bottom of the suspender corresponds to the mark occupying center, namely the horizontal square tube and the main tube are horizontal.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention not only can move transversely, vertically and longitudinally, but also can rotate and adjust left and right, and can rotate and adjust up and down around the arc slide rail after aiming at a drilling point, the structure is simplified, the multidimensional adjustment function is complete, and the positioning stability is high. After the drilling position is determined by the distal end part of the Kirschner wire, multidimensional adjustment of the Kirschner wire is carried out around the drilling position, including the multi-angular position adjustment processes of longitudinal, transverse, vertical, horizontal rotation and vertical rotation, finally the drilling position and the drilling angle are determined by the Kirschner wire, and then the drill bit is guided to drill by the guider.

The brake nut and the arc-shaped jackscrew are utilized to lock the vertical rod of the L-shaped rod piece, and the arc surface of the arc-shaped jackscrew can be matched and attached to the outer side wall of the vertical rod of the L-shaped rod piece so as to keep the arc surface in contact and ensure the stability of a locking state.

The vertical sleeve component comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve which are sleeved together in a matching mode, and the inner sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the upright post in a matching mode. The outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can only rotate but cannot axially move and are fixed through radial lock wires; the inner sleeve and the upright post can only axially slide but cannot rotate, and the inner sleeve and the upright post are fixed through a sliding locking wire, so that vertical adjustment, horizontal rotation and locking effects are realized.

The arc slide rail is fixed on one side of the longitudinal sliding sleeve, the arc rod is sleeved in the arc slide rail in a matching mode, the locking wire is installed in the screw hole of the arc slide rail to lock the arc rod, and the sliding fit structure can improve the stability of vertical corner adjustment.

The Kirschner wire can be assembled in the guider, the distance of the far end of the Kirschner wire is adjusted, the far end of the Kirschner wire is positioned at the circular position O of the circular arc rod, the device is adjusted after the length of the Kirschner wire is locked, the far end of the Kirschner wire is aligned to the position of the drilling inlet, the drilling angle is determined by using the extension line of the axis of the Kirschner wire, and the drilling angle is ensured to be consistent with the drilling angle required by the femoral neck.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a-a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of B-B in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of C-C in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an external appearance and sectional structural view of the stand assembly.

Fig. 6 is a structural view of the inner sleeve of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of the jacket of fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a structural view of the arc-shaped jackscrew.

Fig. 9 is a structural view of the brake nut.

Fig. 10 is a structural view of a circular arc slide rail.

Fig. 11 is a structural view of an arcuate member.

Fig. 12 is one of the sight block diagrams.

Fig. 13 is a second configuration of the sight.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a leveling reference mechanism.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

Example 1: a multi-dimensional aiming device for the femoral neck as shown in figure 1 is designed aiming at the problems that the same kind of instruments do not have multi-dimensional adjusting function completely, and parts of the same kind of instruments have relatively complex structure and are tedious, time-consuming and repeated in the operation process in the process of realizing multi-dimensional adjustment.

One implementation of the device is shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen that the device comprises a clamping bed seat 1 fixed together with a bed body, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that the clamping bed seat is of a C-shaped structure and is hung on a bed frame or a cross beam of other supports, and a top thread 17 is arranged at the bottom of the C-shaped structure, and the clamping bed seat can be firmly fixed after the top thread 17 is screwed.

The rear side of the clamping bed seat 1 comprises a vertical jack which penetrates through the clamping bed seat from top to bottom, one side of the vertical jack is provided with a radial hole and is provided with a brake nut 22, and as shown in fig. 2, an arc-shaped jackscrew 23 is sleeved in the radial hole in a matching manner. The vertical rod of an L-shaped rod piece is inserted into the vertical jack in a matching mode, and the L-shaped rod piece is locked by screwing the brake nut 22 to further push the arc-shaped jackscrew 23 to move inwards.

As can be seen from fig. 8, the inner end surface of the arc-shaped jackscrew is an arc surface 25, and the arc surface 25 can be matched and attached to the outer side wall of the upright rod of the L-shaped rod member to keep the arc surface in contact and ensure the stability of the locking state. As can be seen in FIG. 9, the inner end of the brake nut 22 includes an annular groove 24, and as can be seen in FIG. 2, a U-shaped groove and a U-shaped protrusion 26 are formed at the radial hole position, and the U-shaped protrusion can be matched and sleeved in the annular groove 24, so that the brake nut can rotate in place without moving axially. The pole setting lateral wall of L type member sets up a plurality of annular grooves or hole to improve the firm degree after the locking.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cross bar of the L-shaped rod is a horizontal square column 2, a horizontal square sleeve 4 is vertically connected below the upright post 3, and the horizontal square sleeve 4 is sleeved outside the horizontal square column 2 in a matching manner, so that the horizontal square sleeve 4 can slide along the horizontal square column 2. When the vertical rod of the L-shaped rod is locked, the horizontal square column 2 is kept parallel to the femur as much as possible. After the transverse square sleeve 4 is adjusted in a sliding mode, the transverse square sleeve 4 is fixed on a transverse square column through the lock wire 31. I.e. the device achieves a lateral adjustment and locking effect.

In fig. 5, it can be seen that the root of the longitudinal rod 5 is vertically connected with a vertical sleeve assembly 6, and the vertical sleeve assembly 6 is sleeved outside the upright post 3 in a matching manner and can slide, rotate and lock up and down. Specifically, the sleeve erecting component 6 comprises an outer sleeve 61 and an inner sleeve 62 which are sleeved together in a matching mode, and the inner sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the upright post 3 in a matching mode. The outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can only rotate but cannot axially move, and the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are fixed through a radial lock wire 12; the inner sleeve and the upright post can only axially slide but can not rotate, and the inner sleeve and the upright post are fixed through a sliding lock wire 13. Namely, the device realizes vertical adjustment, horizontal rotation and locking effect.

As can be seen in FIG. 6, the inner sleeve includes a bottom support 63 and a middle annular groove 64, the support 63 having a diameter greater than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve, and the annular groove 64 having a diameter less than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve. The inner end of the radial jackscrew 12 is located in the annular groove 64, and the outer sleeve is located on the upper side of the support platform 63. The inner side wall of the inner sleeve 62 is provided with a plane 65, the outer side of the upright post is provided with a plane 31, and after the inner sleeve is sleeved with the upright post, the two planes are matched and attached. Generally, before adjusting the square sleeve 4, the angle of the longitudinal rod 5 is adjusted to be parallel to the femoral neck direction, and then the square sleeve 4 is slid laterally and locked.

As shown in fig. 1, a longitudinal sliding sleeve 27 is fittingly sleeved on the longitudinal rod 5, and the longitudinal sliding sleeve 27 can slide longitudinally and is locked by a longitudinal locking wire 30. As shown in figure 10, a plane 28 is arranged in the inner cavity of the longitudinal sliding sleeve 27, and a plane 29 is arranged outside the longitudinal rod 5, and the planes are matched and attached. I.e. the device achieves a longitudinal adjustment and locking effect.

As shown in figure 1, an arc slide rail 7 and an arc rod 8 which is matched and sleeved in the arc slide rail are fixed on one side of the longitudinal slide sleeve 27 and can be locked by a rail locking wire 14. Specifically, the cross section of the circular arc slide rail 7 is C-shaped or dovetail-shaped as shown in fig. 10. As shown in fig. 11, the outer arc surface of the arc rod 8 is graduated to show the rotation angle, and the section of the main body thereof is rectangular, circular or dovetail-shaped which is matched with the inner sliding slot of the arc slide rail 27, and can be matched and sleeved in the rectangular sliding slot of the longitudinal sliding sleeve 27 without being separated. The locking wire 14 is arranged in a screw hole of the arc slide rail 7, and the inner end of the locking wire is pressed against the side surface of the arc rod 8.

Fig. 11 also shows that a radial sleeve 9 is fixed on one side of the arc rod, and the axial center extension line of the radial sleeve 9 passes through the center of the arc rod. A guide 10 or a guide 11 is fittingly arranged in the radial sleeve 9. The guide 10 shown in fig. 12, which has a central guide bore 19 in its axial center for guiding the drill rod, can be fitted and locked in the radial sleeve 9.

When the adjusting device is used, the vertical rod of the L-shaped rod piece is rotated firstly, the transverse square column 2 is kept parallel to the femur as much as possible, and then the vertical rod of the L-shaped rod piece is locked through the brake nut 22 and the arc-shaped jackscrew 23; then, after the angle of the longitudinal rod 5 is adjusted to enable the projection of the longitudinal rod to be parallel to the femoral neck direction, the radial locking wire 12 is locked; then the transverse square sleeve 4 is transversely slid, so that the axial center extension line (Kirschner wire) of the radial sleeve 9 is aligned to the upper part or the lower part of the drilling point, and the locking wire 31 is locked; the vertical sliding adjustment vertical sleeve assembly 6 enables an axis extension line (Kirschner wire) of the radial sleeve 9 to be aligned with a drilling point, and the sliding locking wire 13 is locked; the position of the arc rod 8 in the arc slide 7 is adjusted so that the axial extension line (kirschner wire) of the radial sleeve 9 is on the same straight line with the axial direction of the femoral neck. Wherein, the kirschner wire 18 can be assembled in the guider 10, the distance of the far end of the kirschner wire is adjusted, the far end of the kirschner wire is positioned at the round O position of the arc rod 8, the device is adjusted after the length of the kirschner wire is locked, the far end of the kirschner wire is aligned to the drilling entrance position, the drilling angle is determined by the extension line of the axis of the kirschner wire, and the drilling angle is ensured to be consistent with the required drilling angle of the femoral neck. Therefore, after the drilling position is determined by the distal end part of the Kirschner wire, multidimensional adjustment of the Kirschner wire around the drilling position is carried out, including the multi-angular position adjustment processes of longitudinal, transverse, vertical, horizontal rotation and vertical rotation, finally, the drilling position and the drilling angle are determined by the Kirschner wire, and then the drill bit is guided to drill.

Example 2: in addition to embodiment 1, a guide 11 as shown in fig. 13 can also be fitted in the radial sleeve 9, the axis of the guide has a central positioning hole 20, and the periphery of the guide has a peripheral guide hole 21 for guiding the drill rod.

In use, the kirschner wire penetrates through the central positioning hole 20, the direction of the guide 11 and the drilling position are determined by the adjustment mode of the kirschner wire as described in embodiment 1, and then the drill rod is guided and drilled by the edge guide hole 21 of the guide 11.

Example 3: on the basis of the above embodiment, an auxiliary centering component sleeved on the arc rod is further added, for example, the component comprises a square hole matched and sleeved with the arc rod, and a pointer vertically fixed on the outer wall of the square hole, after the square hole is sleeved on the arc part, the direction of the pointer is the radial direction, and the length of the pointer is the radius length of the arc part, so that the tail end of the pointer is always positioned in the circle O of the arc part. After the centering component is utilized, the position of a drilling opening can be rapidly determined, and the end of the pointer is overlapped with the axial extension line of the guider, so that the drilling direction can be rapidly determined by combining the end of the pointer and the direction of the guider.

And a circular ring is further arranged at the tail end of the pointer, the circle center of the circular ring is coincided with the circle center of the arc-shaped part, the axis of the circular ring is coincided with the axis of the guider, so that the position of a drilling opening can be determined by utilizing the circular ring, and the drilling angle can be determined by combining the circular ring and the guider, so that the angle can be conveniently adjusted to be matched with the expected drilling angle.

Example 4: on the basis of the above embodiments, the device further comprises a leveling mechanism and a leveling reference mechanism, as shown in fig. 14, a support is fixed on the top of the upright post 3, a suspension rod 33 is suspended on one side of the support, a corresponding mark occupying 35 is arranged on the upper surface of the transverse square sleeve, and when the tip of the bottom of the suspension rod 33 corresponds to the center of the mark occupying, the upright post is determined to be vertical, that is, the transverse square pipe and the header pipe are horizontal. The connection between the boom 33 and the support 32 may be a flexible rope connection or may be a universal ball joint 34 connection. The leveling mechanism can utilize the self leveling function of the bed body, or a leveling mechanism is additionally arranged between the bed clamping seat 1 and the bed frame, and the like. Examples 1-3 can realize its aiming function without leveling and without using a leveling reference, but this example introduces a level adjustment and a level reference, can maintain the adjustment in a level state, reduces the adjustment amplitude to some extent, and maintains the stability of the device in use.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. For example, leveling reference is realized in a mode of installing a level gauge on an upright post or a transverse square steel pipe; for example, it is not excluded to add a hinge assembly to the embodiment 3, the hinge assembly including two sleeve assemblies with hinged ends, the kirschner wire and the end of the pointer in the guide being respectively sleeved in two sleeves of the sleeve assemblies; for example, the cross square column and the cross square sleeve are not limited to be square in cross section, so as to keep the two sleeved and transversely moved but not rotated, for example, polygons with matching cross sections are also included, the number is not limited, or circles with matching cross sections are included, but keys or plane matching structures are provided.

Claims

1. A multidimensional sighting device for a femoral neck comprises a clamping bed seat and a multidimensional adjusting mechanism, and is characterized in that the clamping bed seat comprises a transverse square column, the multidimensional adjusting mechanism comprises a stand column, a transverse square sleeve is vertically fixed below the stand column, the transverse square sleeve is sleeved outside the transverse square column in a matching mode and can transversely slide and be fixed by a nail, the multidimensional adjusting mechanism comprises a longitudinal rod, a vertical sleeve assembly is fixed at the root of the longitudinal rod, the vertical sleeve assembly is sleeved outside the stand column in a matching mode and can vertically slide, rotate and lock, the multidimensional adjusting mechanism also comprises a longitudinal sliding sleeve sleeved on the longitudinal rod in a matching mode, the longitudinal sliding sleeve can longitudinally slide and be locked along the longitudinal rod and comprises an arc assembly connected to one side of the longitudinal sliding sleeve, the arc assembly comprises an arc sliding rail and an arc rod sleeved in the arc sliding rail in a matching mode, the arc sliding rail and the arc sliding sleeve can relatively rotate and can be locked, and the axial center extension line of the radial sleeve passes through the circle center of the arc component.

2. The multidimensional femoral neck aiming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear side of the clamping bed seat (1) comprises a vertical jack which penetrates through the clamping bed seat from top to bottom, one side of the vertical jack is provided with a radial hole and is provided with a brake nut (22), an arc jackscrew (23) is sleeved in the radial hole in a matching manner, an L-shaped rod comprises a vertical rod and the horizontal square sleeve, the vertical rod is inserted into the vertical jack in a matching manner, the brake nut (22) is screwed to push the arc jackscrew (23) to move inwards, the L-shaped rod is locked, the horizontal square sleeve (4) which is vertically connected with the lower part of the upright post (3) is sleeved on the outer side of the horizontal square post (2) in a matching manner, and therefore the horizontal square sleeve (4) can slide along the horizontal square post (2).

3. The femoral neck multidimensional aiming device as claimed in claim (2), wherein the inner end surface of the arc-shaped jackscrew is an arc surface (25), the arc surface (25) can be matched and attached to the outer side wall of the vertical rod of the L-shaped rod piece to keep arc surface contact and ensure the stability of the locking state, the inner end part of the brake nut (22) comprises an annular groove (24), a U-shaped groove and a U-shaped bulge (26) are arranged at the position of a radial hole, and the U-shaped bulge can be matched and sleeved in the annular groove (24), so that the brake nut can rotate in place without axial movement.

4. The femoral neck multidimensional aiming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sleeve component (6) comprises an outer sleeve (61) and an inner sleeve (62), the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are sleeved together in a matching way, the inner sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the upright post (3) in a matching way, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can only rotate but cannot move axially, and the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are fixed through a radial lock wire (12); the inner sleeve and the upright post can only axially slide but can not rotate, and the inner sleeve and the upright post are fixed through a sliding locking wire (13).

5. The femoral neck multidimensional aiming device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner sleeve comprises a supporting platform (63) at the bottom and a ring groove (64) at the middle part, the diameter of the supporting platform (63) is larger than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve, the diameter of the ring groove (64) is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve, the inner end of the radial jackscrew (12) is positioned in the ring groove (64), the outer sleeve is positioned at the upper side of the supporting platform (63), the inner side wall of the inner sleeve (62) is provided with a plane (65), the outer side of the upright post is provided with a plane (31), and the two planes are matched and attached after the inner sleeve is sleeved with the upright post.

6. The multidimensional aiming device for the femoral neck as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross section of the arc slide rail (7) is C-shaped or dovetail-shaped, the main body part of the arc rod (8) has a rectangular or circular or dovetail-shaped cross section matched with the sliding groove in the arc slide rail (27), and the arc rod can be matched and sleeved in the rectangular sliding groove of the longitudinal sliding sleeve (27) without separation.

7. The multidimensional aiming device for the femoral neck according to the claim 1, characterized in that a radial sleeve (9) is fixed on one side of the arc rod, the extension line of the axis of the radial sleeve passes through the center of the arc rod, a first guider (10) or a second guider (11) is sleeved in the radial sleeve (9) in a matching way, the first guider (10) can be sleeved in the radial sleeve (9) in a matching way and locked, and the axis of the guider is provided with a central guide hole (19) for guiding a drill rod.

8. The femoral neck multi-dimensional aiming device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the central axial hole of the guide I (10) is used for installing a guide needle.

9. The femoral neck multidimensional aiming device as claimed in claim (7), wherein the axis of the second guide is provided with a central positioning hole (20), the periphery of the second guide is provided with an edge guide hole (21) for guiding the drill rod, the Kirschner wire penetrates through the central positioning hole (20), and the drill rod is guided and drilled by the edge guide hole (21) of the second guide (11).

10. The multidimensional femoral neck aiming device according to claim 1, further comprising a leveling reference mechanism, wherein a support is fixed on the top of the upright post (3), a suspension rod (33) is suspended on one side of the support, a corresponding mark (35) is arranged on the upper surface of the transverse square sleeve, and when the tip of the bottom of the suspension rod (33) corresponds to the center of the mark, the upright post is determined to be vertical, namely the transverse square tube and the main tube are horizontal.