CN114457595A - 一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的制备方法，具体涉及食品保鲜技术领域，所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：乙烯‑四氟乙烯共聚物20‑40份；低密度聚乙烯树脂30‑45份；聚丁二酸丁二醇酯6‑9份；线性聚乙烯树脂20‑30份；乙烯‑醋酸乙烯树脂20‑40份；双组份透明液体硅胶85‑100份；抗氧化剂0.5‑1.5份；抗静电剂0.4‑2份；润滑剂0.8‑2.3份；防雾剂0.5‑1.5份；甲基三乙氧基硅烷2‑4份；碳酸钙母粒5‑10份。本发明加入的双组份透明液体硅胶透气性能良好，适合做果蔬保鲜的气调窗材料，且硅橡胶无毒无味达到FDA等级，不会对贮藏物造成污染，乙烯‑四氟乙烯共聚物吸湿性小，可以对食品进行更好地贮藏，且乙烯‑四氟乙烯共聚物可再循环利用，并再次利用生产新的膜材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品保鲜技术领域，具体涉及一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的制备方法。
背景技术
气调保鲜是采用具有一定透气性薄膜包装食品，目前，最常用的气调保鲜膜是聚乙烯膜和聚氯乙烯膜，它们来源广泛、价格低，在气调包装中得以广泛应用。但聚乙烯膜和聚氯乙烯膜透气率均较低。
目前生产有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的方法是：采用110-4S有机硅橡胶、120#溶剂油、含H硅油于塑料桶里充分搅拌制成胶浆，待胶浆充分冷却后制得一次胶,在一次胶里加入一定量120#溶剂油和铂系催化剂，进行二次打胶，使得溶剂油、催化剂和一次胶充分混合均匀后得到二次胶，将二次胶倒到刮胶机的涤棉布基上，刮完胶的布基经过120℃-150℃烘箱硫化得到有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜。
现有技术存在以下不足：目前的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜生产工艺存在的问题较多，一是危险性，120#汽油易燃易爆，在生产过程中或生产结束清洗机器和工具时，由于操作人员不熟练或操作失误或停电、摩擦静电等偶然因素，会引起燃烧、爆燃；有时会造成操作人员烧伤，甚至酿成事故。二是环保，在生产过程烘干工序产生的VOCs(非甲烷总烃)严重超标，污染车间环境，影响工人身心健康，排放大气，造成大气污染。不同种类果蔬呼吸强度差异较大，采用常规的聚乙烯和聚氯乙烯保鲜膜难以得到理想的保鲜效果，且作为消耗品的保鲜膜不可循环再生，对资源造成极大地浪费。
发明内容
为此，本发明提供一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的制备方法，以解决上述背景技术中提到的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明实施例提供如下技术方案：一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
进一步的，所述双组份透明液体硅胶由含氢硅油、端乙烯基硅油、白炭黑、铂催化剂合成。
进一步的，所述抗氧化剂由葡萄糖氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽氧化酶混合制成；所述抗静电剂为酯肪族磺酸盐；所述润滑剂为氨基树脂；所述防雾剂为甘油脂肪酸脂。
进一步的，所述所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
进一步的，所述所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
进一步的，所述所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
本发明还包括一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一、将上述原料混合后经过涂胶定厚机涂胶于涤棉布基的一面，经过120℃～150℃烘箱硫化，得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜；
步骤二、将有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜通过收卷机收卷得到成品。
进一步的，利用波长0.001-10nm的X射线作用于得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜后，会向各个方向发射X射线，得到有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜特定的衍射图，根据衍射图对有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜进行质量分析，其中X射线衍射仪的管压为2500V，扫描范围在3-50°，扫描速率为4°/min。
进一步的，所述有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的厚度为0.26mm～0.30mm。
本发明实施例具有如下优点：
1、本发明通过X射线作用于得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜后，对保鲜膜的衍射图进行定性分析和结构分析，与现有技术相比，有助于对新产品的质量严格把控，方便对制备工艺进行进一步的改良，也保障了消费者的生命健康；
2、本发明工艺采用双组份透明液体硅胶，由含氢硅油、端乙烯基硅油、白炭黑、铂催化剂合成的新型有机硅胶，这种硅胶在硫化反应过程中不释放有机小分子物质、安全、环保、快速，对人体、环境非常友好，与现有技术相比，省去了传统工艺中120#汽油、催化剂、硅橡胶溶解混匀这些环节，从源头解决了生产工艺的安全和环保问题，同时节省用工，减少生产成本，提高了生产效率，其透气性能良好，对二氧化碳和氧气透比为5～6:1，适合做果蔬保鲜的气调窗材料，且硅橡胶无毒无味达到FDA等级，不会对贮藏物造成污染；
3、本发明通过在有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜加入乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物，与现有技术相比，乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物吸湿性小，可以对果蔬进行更好地贮藏保鲜，且乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物可再循环利用，工艺环保，可再次利用生产新的膜材料，或者分离杂质后生产其它产品，有利于资源的循环利用。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
本发明提供了一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
所述双组份透明液体硅胶由含氢硅油、端乙烯基硅油、白炭黑、铂催化剂合成。
所述抗氧化剂由葡萄糖氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽氧化酶混合制成；所述抗静电剂为酯肪族磺酸盐，其通式为R-SO3Na；所述润滑为氨基树脂，主要成分由HSt、ZnSt、LiSt、CaSt、AlSt、MgSt及硅油组成；所述防雾剂为甘油脂肪酸脂，甘油脂肪酸脂可作为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、软质聚氯乙烯、半硬质聚氯乙烯塑料的防雾剂。
而具体到本实施例中：所述所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
本发明还包括该有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一、将上述原料混合后经过涂胶定厚机涂胶于涤棉布基的一面，经过120℃～150℃烘箱硫化，得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜；
步骤二、将有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜通过收卷机收卷得到成品。
利用波长0.001nm的X射线作用于得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜后，会向各个方向发射X射线，得到有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜特定的衍射图，根据衍射图对有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜进行质量分析，其中X射线衍射仪的管压为2500V，扫描范围在3°，扫描速率为4°/min，可对有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜进行定性分析和结构分析。
所述有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的厚度为0.26mm。
实施例2：
本发明提供了一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
所述双组份透明液体硅胶由含氢硅油、端乙烯基硅油、白炭黑、铂催化剂合成。
所述抗氧化剂由葡萄糖氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽氧化酶混合制成；所述抗静电剂为酯肪族磺酸盐，其通式为R-SO3Na；所述润滑为氨基树脂，主要成分由HSt、ZnSt、LiSt、CaSt、AlSt、MgSt及硅油组成；所述防雾剂为甘油脂肪酸脂，甘油脂肪酸脂可作为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、软质聚氯乙烯、半硬质聚氯乙烯塑料的防雾剂。
而具体到本实施例中：所述所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
本发明还包括该有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一、将上述原料混合后经过涂胶定厚机涂胶于涤棉布基的一面，经过120℃～150℃烘箱硫化，得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜；
步骤二、将有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜通过收卷机收卷得到成品。
利用波长5nm的X射线作用于得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜后，会向各个方向发射X射线，得到有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜特定的衍射图，根据衍射图对有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜进行质量分析，其中X射线衍射仪的管压为2500V，扫描范围在26.5°，扫描速率为4°/min，可对有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜进行定性分析和结构分析。
所述有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的厚度为0.28mm。
实施例3：
本发明提供了一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
所述双组份透明液体硅胶由含氢硅油、端乙烯基硅油、白炭黑、铂催化剂合成。
所述抗氧化剂由葡萄糖氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽氧化酶混合制成；所述抗静电剂为酯肪族磺酸盐，其通式为R-SO3Na；所述润滑为氨基树脂，主要成分由HSt、ZnSt、LiSt、CaSt、AlSt、MgSt及硅油组成；所述防雾剂为甘油脂肪酸脂，甘油脂肪酸脂可作为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、软质聚氯乙烯、半硬质聚氯乙烯塑料的防雾剂。
而具体到本实施例中：所述所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
本发明还包括该有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
步骤一、将上述原料混合后经过涂胶定厚机涂胶于涤棉布基的一面，经过120℃～150℃烘箱硫化，得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜；
步骤二、将有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜通过收卷机收卷得到成品。
利用波长10nm的X射线作用于得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜后，会向各个方向发射X射线，得到有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜特定的衍射图，根据衍射图对有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜进行质量分析，其中X射线衍射仪的管压为2500V，扫描范围在50°，扫描速率为4°/min，可对有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜进行定性分析和结构分析。
所述有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的厚度为0.30mm。
实施例4：
将有机硅橡胶保鲜膜裁剪成面积120cm2(长x宽为12cmx10cm)的块，通过热合机粘合在PVC袋子(长x宽为110cmx70cm)上(PVC袋子尺寸根据装量多少而定)制成硅窗保鲜袋(硅窗口上边距离PVC袋口30cm,硅窗处在袋中间位置)，每袋装20kg预冷好的蒜薹平均分成十二组置于冷库架子上，窗口朝上、扎紧袋口进行贮存。第115天用仪器对硅窗袋内气体进行检测，结果如下表：
由上表可得：实施例1中的原料配比适中，实施例1中4组蒜薹整体质量最佳，新鲜如初。
实施例5：
应用硅窗塑料大帐气调保鲜技术可使一些易腐难贮果蔬的保鲜期明显延长，效果显著。硅窗气调大帐为自主研发，长、宽、高分别为1.2、1.3、2.0m，PVC膜厚度为0.07mm，2个硅窗面积均为120cm2。以江苏省连云港市栽培的‘蓝丰’蓝莓以及嫁沃(日照)生态农业有限公司生产的蓝莓为研究材料，采后2h内预冷至5℃，分别装入实施例1-3制成的硅窗气调大帐和普通PVC大帐内，置于0℃冷库内贮藏，研究蓝莓采后及时预冷结合硅窗气调包装处理对蓝莓贮藏期品质的影响。
结果表明，与对照组相比，蓝莓果实采后实施例1-3制成的硅窗气调包装降低蓝莓贮藏期呼吸代谢的效果均普通PVC大帐的效果好，延缓果实硬度下降，抑制可溶性固形物含量上升和花青素分解，降低果实腐烂损耗；贮藏至40天，果实腐烂率仅为6.1％，采后预冷普通包装处理果实腐烂率为8.7％，而对照组果实腐烂率达到13.6％；硅窗气调大帐包装处理与普通包装处理相比，果实腐烂率降低29.9％。因此采后及时预冷结合硅窗气调包装处理可以抑制蓝莓果实贮藏期的腐烂，保持果实商品价值。
本试验研究结果表明，在冷藏(O±0.5)℃条件下，装有蓝莓果实的硅窗塑料气调大帐内有相似的气体变化规律，即CO2含量不断上升，O2含量不断下降，均在20天时出现CO2明显增加现象，硅窗气调包装是利用包装袋上的硅橡胶膜进行袋内外气体交换，自发调节包装袋内气体成分，使袋内的CO2和O2浓度控制在合理的范围内，从而增强蓝莓的酶促防御体系，提高过氧化酶和超氧化酶活性，抑制多聚半乳糖醛酸酶、多酚氧化酶等活性，降低果胶的分解，清除代谢产生的自由基，减少蓝莓果实腐烂，从而延长蓝莓果实的贮藏期和维持果实品质。硅窗气调大帐内CO2含量先上升，贮藏至20天达到最高值，后缓慢下降；O2含量前期快速下降，20天后变化趋于稳定，形成高CO2和低O2气调环境(O2含量7％-8％、CO2含量10％-11％)，有利于抑制蓝莓呼吸代谢，延长贮藏期和保持贮藏品质。蓝莓贮藏40天结果表明，各处理硅窗气调大帐的气体环境均可显著地控制果实腐烂率与软果率，可保持较高的可溶性固形物含量，好果率达到93.9％。应用该技术贮藏蓝莓可比现有其它贮藏方法延长保鲜期30天。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，其特征在于：所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，其特征在于：所述双组份透明液体硅胶由含氢硅油、端乙烯基硅油、白炭黑、铂催化剂合成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，其特征在于：所述抗氧化剂由葡萄糖氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽氧化酶混合制成；所述抗静电剂为酯肪族磺酸盐；所述润滑剂为氨基树脂；所述防雾剂为甘油脂肪酸脂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，其特征在于：所述所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，其特征在于：所述所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，其特征在于：所述所使用原料(按重量份计)包括：
7.一种制备权利要求1-5任意一项所述的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的方法，其特征在于：具体步骤如下：
步骤一、将上述原料混合后经过涂胶定厚机涂胶于涤棉布基的一面，经过120℃～150℃烘箱硫化，得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜；
步骤二、将有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜通过收卷机收卷得到成品。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的制备方法，其特征在于：利用波长0.001-10nm的X射线作用于得到的有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜，得到有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜特定的衍射图，根据衍射图对有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜进行质量分析，其中X射线衍射仪的管压为2500V，扫描范围在3-50°，扫描速率为4°/min。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述有机硅橡胶气调保鲜膜的厚度为0.26mm～0.30mm。
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| CN102079834A (zh) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-06-01 | 国家农产品保鲜工程技术研究中心（天津） | 一种果蔬气调保鲜膜的制备方法 |
| CN102381516A (zh) * | 2011-10-30 | 2012-03-21 | 徐国元 | 驻极体保鲜膜、保鲜袋 |
| CN102886950A (zh) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-23 | 天津捷东保鲜技术生产力促进中心 | 果蔬防霉气调保鲜膜及其制备方法 |
| CN104927260A (zh) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-23 | 青岛克立克信息技术有限公司 | 一种抗菌性保鲜膜 |
| KR101697514B1 (ko) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-01-18 | (주)제영산업 | 신선도 유지 기능이 부여된 실리콘 원료 조성물, 및 이의 압출성형품 |
| CN107722432A (zh) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-23 | 无锡麦克罗新材料科技有限公司 | 一种智能释放抗菌协同气调保鲜功能膜及其制备方法 |
| CN110511412A (zh) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-29 | 内蒙古农业大学 | 一种高透气性PLDxL共聚物薄膜及其制备方法和在果蔬保鲜中的应用 |
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