CN114441050B - Thermal imager real-time non-uniformity correction method based on rotary baffle - Google Patents
Thermal imager real-time non-uniformity correction method based on rotary baffle Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal imager real-time non-uniformity correction method based on a rotary baffle, which comprises the steps of placing a rotary correction baffle in an infrared light path, wherein the correction baffle has two states of completely shielding the light path and not shielding the light path in the process of uniformly rotating the correction baffle, and collecting reference source radiation for calibration when shielding the light path; collecting the radiation of a scene when the light path is not blocked, and correcting the non-uniformity of the scene image by using calibration data; the two states are alternately carried out among all integration periods of the infrared detector, so that the non-uniformity correction of the thermal imager can be carried out in real time while the scene image of the thermal imager is displayed in real time. The invention can not influence the normal image output during correction, can calibrate in real time in the working process of the thermal imager, does not need manual intervention, and has stable correction effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of infrared, relates to a thermal imager real-time non-uniformity correction method based on a rotary baffle, and particularly relates to a non-uniformity correction method aiming at real-time normal display of an image without interruption of the thermal imager.
Background
The non-uniformity noise is inherent spatial noise of the thermal imager, and is generated because the process parameters of each detection unit cannot be completely consistent in the manufacturing process of the infrared detector, so that the response curves of each detection unit are inconsistent, and thus the non-uniformity noise is generated on the image. This noise severely affects the image quality and must be corrected. In the use process of the thermal imager, the state of the infrared detector also changes along with the time and the environmental change, so that the non-uniformity noise slowly changes, namely the output characteristic curve of the infrared detector randomly drifts, and the non-uniformity noise generated by the drift cannot be corrected by fixed calibration parameters, so that the thermal imager needs to be corrected in real time in the working process. The current non-uniformity correction method for the focal plane thermal imager mainly comprises a correction method based on reference source calibration and a correction method based on a scene.
The correction method based on the calibration of the reference source is a method commonly adopted at present, for example, the methods disclosed in Chinese patent application No. CN201611202977.7, CN201110165335.5 and CN201310436158.9 are all used for collecting calibration data when the reference source is switched into a light path during calibration, but the reference source is not switched out of the light path timely and rapidly after the calibration is finished, so that the normal display of an image is interrupted, and in use, the method is only used for calibrating when the non-uniformity noise is serious to minimize the interruption of the image, so that the method cannot achieve the purpose of real-time correction, and particularly has great influence on occasions with strict real-time requirements on the image, such as the situation that the image is interrupted when the high-speed target is tracked, the use of a thermal imager is seriously influenced.
Another scene-based correction method, although performing real-time non-uniformity correction without interrupting the image, is not very sophisticated, and has problems such as the necessity of moving the scene, or the necessity of having a large correction residual on the image, which is a certain requirement for use.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is that when a reference source calibration method is adopted, the focal plane thermal imager cannot realize real-time non-uniformity correction, and normal display of an image can be interrupted during correction; in response to this problem, a non-uniformity correction method that can be performed in real time without interrupting an image is proposed.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the present invention provides a thermal imager real-time non-uniformity correction system based on a rotating baffle, comprising: the infrared optical lens 1, the correction baffle 2, the infrared detector 3, the signal processing circuit 4, the motor 7 and the motor driving circuit 5; the infrared optical lens 1 is coaxially arranged in front of the infrared detector 3, the infrared detector 3 is connected with the signal processing circuit 4, the infrared optical lens 1 projects infrared radiation incident on the infrared optical lens onto a focal plane of the infrared detector 3, and the infrared detector 3 converts the infrared radiation incident on the focal plane into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal to the signal processing circuit 4 for processing; the correction baffle 2 is installed between the infrared optical lens 1 and the infrared detector 3, the center of the correction baffle 2 is connected with the rotor of the motor 7, the motor driving circuit 5 is connected with the motor 7 and the signal processing circuit 4 through the control port of the motor driving circuit 5, the motor driving circuit 5 receives a motor control signal sent by the signal processing circuit 4, and the motor 7 is driven to rotate so as to drive the correction baffle 2 to rotate at a constant speed according to a set rotating speed.
The invention also provides a thermal imager real-time non-uniformity correction method based on the rotary baffle, which comprises the following steps:
step one: powering on the thermal imager;
Step two: the motor 7 drives the correction baffle 2 to start rotating at a constant speed, so that the correction baffle 2 alternately cuts in and cuts out the light path;
step three: judging whether the correction baffle 2 shields the light path according to the position pulse signals in the integration period of each infrared detector 3, and then carrying out corresponding processing according to the shielding state; if the shielding is not carried out, the step six is carried out;
step four: in the integration period of the infrared detector 3, the correcting baffle plate 2 shields the light path, and the signal processing circuit 4 collects the image data of the reference source;
Step five: storing the image data of the reference source as calibration data into a memory of the signal processing circuit 4, and returning to the step three;
step six: in the integration period of the infrared detector 3, correcting the light path which is not blocked by the blocking piece 2, and collecting image data of a scene;
Step seven: reading calibration data from a memory of the signal processing circuit 4;
Step eight: the signal processing circuit 4 performs non-uniformity correction processing on the scene image by using the calibration data;
step nine: the signal processing circuit 4 outputs the video image after the non-uniformity correction processing, and returns to step three.
(III) beneficial effects
The thermal imager real-time non-uniformity correction method based on the rotary baffle provided by the technical scheme has the following technical effects.
(1) Compared with the prior art, the method can not influence the normal image output during correction. The conventional non-uniformity correction method based on the reference source is calibrated when the thermal imager normally outputs images, and normal image display is interrupted, so that the thermal imager images are discontinuous.
(2) Compared with the prior art, the method can be used for calibrating in real time in the working process of the thermal imager, does not need manual intervention, and has stable correction effect. In the existing non-uniformity correction method based on the reference source, after calibration is performed once, the non-uniformity noise of the image is reduced immediately, but the non-uniformity noise is gradually deteriorated along with the time, so that calibration is required to be performed again, the calibration action is required to be triggered at fixed time or manually, and the correction effect is unstable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the thermal imager real-time non-uniformity correction system based on a rotating blade of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a timing diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a view showing the outline of the calibration sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a dimensional view of a calibration block employed in the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
According to the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the thermal imager real-time non-uniformity correction system based on a rotary baffle comprises: the infrared optical lens 1, the correction baffle 2, the infrared detector 3, the signal processing circuit 4, the motor 7 and the motor driving circuit 5; the infrared optical lens 1 is coaxially arranged in front of the infrared detector 3, the infrared detector 3 is connected with the signal processing circuit 4, the infrared optical lens 1 projects infrared radiation incident on the infrared optical lens onto a focal plane of the infrared detector 3, and the infrared detector 3 converts the infrared radiation incident on the focal plane into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal to the signal processing circuit 4 for processing; the correction baffle 2 is installed between the infrared optical lens 1 and the infrared detector 3, the center of the correction baffle 2 is connected with the rotor of the motor 7, the motor driving circuit 5 is connected with the motor 7 and the signal processing circuit 4 through the control port of the motor driving circuit 5, the motor driving circuit 5 receives a motor control signal sent by the signal processing circuit 4, and the motor 7 is driven to rotate so as to drive the correction baffle 2 to rotate at a constant speed according to a set rotating speed.
The correction system of the present embodiment further includes: the position detection component 6 generates a pulse signal according to the rotation position of the correction baffle plate 2, and determines the rotation position of the correction baffle plate 2 according to the pulse signal and the rotation speed. The position detecting component 6 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is implemented by using a light emitting diode, a receiving diode and a detecting and processing circuit, where the light emitting diode and the receiving diode are placed at two sides of a circle generated by rotation of the calibration baffle 2, and the detecting and processing circuit drives the light emitting diode to emit light energy in the process of rotation of the calibration baffle 2, and outputs a TTL logic level signal, i.e. a position pulse signal, according to whether the receiving diode receives the light energy of the light emitting diode.
The main functions of the signal processing circuit 4 are: firstly, receiving the output signal of the infrared detector 3, completing a series of image processing tasks including non-uniformity correction, and outputting a video image, secondly, generating an integrated signal of the infrared detector, wherein the integrated signal is a periodic signal, and synchronizing the integrated signal of the infrared detector 3 by using the pulse signal of the position detection assembly 6.
The signal processing circuit 4 mainly comprises an infrared detector driving unit, a signal preprocessing unit, an image main processing unit, a motor control unit, a position signal processing unit and a video output unit; the infrared detector driving unit has the functions of: generating bias voltage, integration time signals and the like required by the infrared detector 3, so that the infrared detector 3 can work normally; the function of the signal preprocessing unit is: amplifying and converting the analog signal output by the infrared detector 3 into a digital signal, and outputting the digital signal to an image main processing unit; the main image processing unit has the functions of: the calibration of the non-uniformity correction is realized, the non-uniformity correction processing is carried out on the scene image by using the calibration data, other image processing functions are realized by the image main processing unit besides the non-uniformity correction, and the non-uniformity correction processing is not repeated here; the function of the position signal processing unit is: receiving the position pulse signal sent by the position detection assembly 6, and generating a synchronous signal according to the position pulse signal, wherein the synchronous signal is used for synchronizing the integral signal of the infrared detector 3; the video output unit functions as: outputting and displaying the image data after the non-uniformity correction according to a certain video format; the motor control unit has the functions of: the motor 7 is controlled to drive the correction baffle 2 to rotate at a constant speed.
The correction baffle 2 is installed between the infrared optical lens 1 and the infrared detector 3, the appearance of the correction baffle 2 is shown in fig. 4, the whole shape of the correction baffle 2 is I-shaped, the two ends of the correction baffle are reference sources 8, the middle of the two reference sources 8 is connected by a connecting rod, the center of the connecting rod is fixed on the rotor of the motor 7, the reference sources 8 are used for shielding the light path in the rotation process of the correction baffle 2, the infrared detector 3 collects the radiation of the reference sources to realize the calibration function, and the two reference sources 8 adopted in the embodiment are identical, so that the realized non-uniformity correction is one-point correction.
The motor 7 drives the correction baffle 2 to rotate together when rotating, in the process of rotating the correction baffle 2, the correction baffle can be divided into two states according to the condition that the correction baffle shields the light path, one state is that the correction baffle 2 shields the light path completely, the time that the correction baffle 2 shields the light path completely can cover the integral time of the infrared detector 3, and the infrared detector 3 collects data of a reference source under the state and stores the data into a memory as calibration data; the other state is that the correction baffle 2 does not block the light path, in this state, the infrared detector 3 collects an image of a scene, and reads calibration data of a previous frame to perform non-uniformity correction on the image of the scene collected in the current integration period. The two states are matched with the integral signal of the infrared detector 3, and alternate between the periods of the integral signal, namely if the blocking piece is corrected to block the light path in the integral time of the current period, the light path is not blocked in the integral time of the next period, so that the non-uniformity correction of the thermal imager can be performed while the scene image of the thermal imager is displayed in real time.
Fig. 2 is a timing and state diagram illustrating the timing of the infrared detector integration signal, the transition of the correction patch state, the transition of the signal processing circuit state, the frame rate timing of the output video, and the time relationship between the four.
The size of the reference source of the calibration block 2 is calculated according to the actual position of the calibration block 2 in the optical path, parameters of the optical system, etc., and the calculated size of the reference source should satisfy the following requirements: the reference source can always completely block the light path during the rotation of the correction baffle during the integration time.
The rotation speed of the correction baffle 2, the number of reference sources on the correction baffle 2, the integration period of the infrared detector 3 and the output video period have a certain functional relation, and the correlation is calculated as follows assuming that the number of reference sources is n, the integration period of the infrared detector 3 is T int, the output video period is T video, and the rotation speed of the correction baffle is v:
(1) The rotational speed of the correction blade 2 is: in units of °c/sec.
(2) Relationship of the period T video of the output video and the infrared detector integration period T int: t video＝2×Tint, i.e. the period of the output video is twice the period of the integrated signal of the infrared detector 3.
The calibration baffle 2 and the reference source thereon can have various forms, but are not limited to a certain form, and the reference source can always completely block the light path in the whole rotation process of the calibration baffle 2 in the integral time of the infrared detector in the calibrated frame period. The number of reference sources on the calibration sheet 2 is not limited to two, and may be one or more. When the number of reference sources on the correction patch 2 is greater than 1, the non-uniformity correction is single-point correction if the same reference source is designed, and the non-uniformity correction is multi-point correction if a different reference source is designed.
The flow chart of the invention is shown in fig. 3, and the working process is as follows:
step one: powering on the thermal imager;
Step two: the motor 7 drives the correction blade 2 to start rotating at a constant speed, so that the correction blade 2 alternately cuts in and cuts out the optical path.
Step three: judging whether the correction baffle 2 shields the light path according to the position pulse signals in the integration period of each infrared detector 3, and then carrying out corresponding processing according to the shielding state; and if the shielding is not carried out, executing the step six.
Step four: in the integration period of the infrared detector 3, the correcting baffle 2 blocks the light path, and the signal processing circuit 4 collects image data of the reference source.
Step five: the image data of the reference source is stored as calibration data in the memory of the signal processing circuit 4 and the procedure returns to step three.
Step six: in the integration period of the infrared detector 3, the correction baffle 2 does not block the light path, and image data of a scene is acquired.
Step seven: calibration data are read from the memory of the signal processing circuit 4.
Step eight: the signal processing circuit 4 performs non-uniformity correction processing on the scene image by using the calibration data;
step nine: the signal processing circuit 4 outputs the video image after the processing such as the non-uniformity correction, and returns to step three.
The invention adopts the correction baffle which rotates at a constant speed, so that the actions of collecting the calibration parameters of the reference source and the actions of collecting the scene radiation and correcting are alternately performed, thereby realizing the real-time processing functions of scene display, calibration and non-uniformity correction of the thermal imager. It is within the scope of the present invention to employ this method to achieve real-time non-uniformity correction.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. Real-time non-uniformity correction system of thermal imager based on rotatory separation blade, characterized by, include: the infrared optical lens (1), the correction baffle (2), the infrared detector (3), the signal processing circuit (4), the motor (7) and the motor driving circuit (5); the infrared optical lens (1) is coaxially arranged in front of the infrared detector (3), the infrared detector (3) is connected with the signal processing circuit (4), the infrared optical lens (1) projects infrared radiation incident on the infrared detector (3) onto a focal plane of the infrared detector (3), and the infrared detector (3) converts the infrared radiation incident on the focal plane into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal to the signal processing circuit (4) for processing; the correction baffle (2) is arranged between the infrared optical lens (1) and the infrared detector (3), the center of the correction baffle (2) is connected with the rotor of the motor (7), the motor driving circuit (5) is connected with the motor (7) and the signal processing circuit (4) through the control port of the motor driving circuit, the motor driving circuit (5) receives a motor control signal sent by the signal processing circuit (4), and the motor (7) is driven to rotate to drive the correction baffle (2) to rotate at a constant speed according to a set rotating speed;
The correction system further includes: the position detection assembly (6) generates a pulse signal according to the rotation position of the correction baffle (2), and then determines the rotation position of the correction baffle (2) according to the pulse signal and the rotation speed;
The position detection assembly (6) comprises a light emitting diode, a receiving diode and a detection processing circuit, wherein the light emitting diode and the receiving diode are arranged at two sides of a circle generated by rotation of the correction baffle (2), and in the process of rotating the correction baffle (2), the detection processing circuit drives the light emitting diode to emit light energy and outputs a TTL logic level signal, namely a position pulse signal, according to whether the receiving diode receives the light energy of the light emitting diode or not;
The signal processing circuit (4) receives the output signal of the infrared detector (3), completes non-uniformity correction, outputs a video image, and simultaneously generates an integral signal of the infrared detector (3), wherein the integral signal is a periodic signal, and the pulse signal of the position detection assembly (6) is used for synchronizing the integral signal of the infrared detector (3);
The signal processing circuit (4) comprises an infrared detector driving unit, a signal preprocessing unit, an image main processing unit, a motor control unit, a position signal processing unit and a video output unit; the infrared detector driving unit generates bias voltage and integral time signals required by the infrared detector (3) to enable the infrared detector (3) to work normally; the signal preprocessing unit amplifies and converts an analog signal output by the infrared detector (3) into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal to the image main processing unit; the image main processing unit realizes the calibration of the non-uniformity correction, and the calibration data is utilized to carry out the non-uniformity correction processing on the scene image; the position signal processing unit receives a position pulse signal sent by the position detection assembly (6), and generates a synchronous signal according to the position pulse signal, and the synchronous signal is used for synchronizing an integral signal of the infrared detector (3); the video output unit outputs and displays the image data subjected to the non-uniformity correction according to a set video format; the motor control unit controls the motor to drive the rotary baffle to rotate at a constant speed;
the correction baffle (2) comprises a connecting rod and a reference source installation end which is outwards dispersed by the connecting rod, the center of the connecting rod is fixed on a rotor of the motor (7), a reference source (8) is installed on the reference source installation end, the reference source (8) is used for shielding an optical path in the rotation process of the correction baffle (2), and the infrared detector (3) collects radiation of the reference source to realize a calibration function;
The rotation speed of the correction baffle (2), the number of reference sources on the correction baffle (2), the integration period of the infrared detector (3) and the output video period satisfy a functional relation, the number of the reference sources is assumed to be n, the integration period of the infrared detector (3) is assumed to be T int, the period of the output video is assumed to be T video, and the rotation speed of the correction baffle is assumed to be v, and then the functional relation is as follows:
the rotation speed of the correction baffle (2) is as follows: the unit is DEG/sec;
relationship of the period T video of the output video and the infrared detector integration period T int: t video＝2×Tint, namely, the period of outputting video is twice the period of the integrated signal of the infrared detector (3);
The reference source size on the calibration barrier (2) should meet the following requirements: in the integral time, the reference source can always completely shield the light path in the rotation process of the correction baffle;
the number of the reference sources on the correction baffle (2) is one, or two, or more than two; when the number of the reference sources on the correction baffle (2) is greater than 1, if the reference sources are the same, the non-uniformity correction is single-point correction, and if the reference sources are different, the non-uniformity correction is multi-point correction;
In the process of rotating the correction baffle (2), dividing the process into two states according to the condition that the correction baffle (2) shields the light path, wherein one state is that the correction baffle (2) shields the light path completely, the time of the correction baffle (2) shielding the light path completely can cover the integral time of the infrared detector (3), and the infrared detector (3) collects data of a reference source under the state and stores the data into a memory as calibration data; the other state is that the correction baffle (2) does not shade the light path, the infrared detector (3) collects images of the scene in the state, and calibration data of the previous frame is read to carry out non-uniformity correction on the images of the scene collected in the current integration period; the two states are matched with the integral signal of the infrared detector (3), and alternate between the periods of the integral signal, namely if the light path is blocked by the correction baffle (2) in the integral time of the current period, the light path is not blocked in the integral time of the next period, so that the non-uniformity correction of the thermal imager can be performed in real time while the scene image of the thermal imager is displayed in real time.
2. A method for correcting real-time non-uniformity of a thermal imager based on a rotary baffle according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one: powering on the thermal imager;
Step two: the motor (7) drives the correction baffle (2) to start rotating at a constant speed, so that the correction baffle (2) alternately cuts in and cuts out the light path;
Step three: judging whether the correction baffle (2) blocks the light path according to the position pulse signals in the integration period of each infrared detector (3), and then carrying out corresponding processing according to the blocking state; if the shielding is not carried out, the step six is carried out;
Step four: in the integration period of the infrared detector (3), the correcting baffle (2) shields the light path, and the signal processing circuit (4) acquires image data of a reference source;
Step five: storing the image data of the reference source as calibration data into a memory of a signal processing circuit (4), and returning to the step three;
step six: in the integration period of the infrared detector (3), correcting the non-shielding light path of the baffle (2), and collecting image data of a scene;
step seven: reading calibration data from a memory of the signal processing circuit (4);
Step eight: the signal processing circuit (4) carries out non-uniformity correction processing on the scene image by using the calibration data;
Step nine: the signal processing circuit (4) outputs the video image after the non-uniformity correction processing, and returns to the step three.
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| CN117130127A (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2023-11-28 | 长春通视光电技术股份有限公司 | Compact infrared optical system and non-uniformity correction method |
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