CN114440124B - Solid hydrogen storage and discharge device and method based on temperature feedback adjustment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid hydrogen storage and discharge device and method based on temperature feedback adjustment, wherein during hydrogen storage, cooling liquid is injected into a liquid guide pipe, the cooling liquid circularly flows in the liquid guide pipe through a pump, a hydrogen storage material in a hydrogen storage bed body is cooled, hydrogen is simultaneously filled into the hydrogen storage tank body, and the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank body after being filtered, so that the hydrogen storage is realized at low temperature; during hydrogen discharging, the temperature in the hydrogen storage material is collected through the wireless temperature sensor, and the hydrogen discharging speed and the hydrogen discharging temperature are determined according to requirements so as to determine the liquid temperature and the flowing speed in the liquid guide pipe and realize heating hydrogen discharging.

Description

A device and method for solid hydrogen storage and desorption based on temperature feedback adjustment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage and hydrogen release, in particular to a device and method for solid hydrogen storage and hydrogen release based on temperature feedback adjustment, which are used to provide power for hydrogen fuel electric vehicles.

Background technique

The statements herein merely provide background related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

The storage methods of hydrogen mainly include high pressure gas storage, low temperature liquid storage and solid hydrogen storage. Among them, solid hydrogen storage is to store hydrogen in solid materials by means of physical adsorption or chemical reaction.

At present, the solid hydrogen storage technology is not yet mature, and there are still many problems. For example, the conventional solid hydrogen storage system performs hydrogen absorption and desorption by setting constant temperature conditions. When the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate requirements change, the temperature cannot be adjusted in real time, and it is difficult to control the hydrogen storage material. The rate of hydrogen absorption and desorption is difficult to ensure that the temperature in the hydrogen storage tank reaches the optimal hydrogen absorption and desorption temperature to improve work efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for solid hydrogen storage and desorption based on temperature feedback regulation. When the hydrogen storage tank is charged and discharged, the temperature is controlled by the temperature controller to control the rate of hydrogen charging and discharging. The gas flow meter measures the hydrogen flow and provides a variety of hydrogen absorption and desorption states. To achieve the appropriate efficiency of the hydrogen charging and desorption reaction to complete the hydrogen absorption and desorption work.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for solid hydrogen storage and desorption based on temperature feedback adjustment, comprising: a hydrogen storage tank, several layers of hydrogen storage beds and a hydrogen filter, wherein,

The hydrogen storage bed is fixedly arranged in the hydrogen storage tank, the cylinder is filled with hydrogen storage material, and is arranged in layers, and fine gas channels are distributed on the hydrogen storage material layer;

The bottom of the cylinder is provided with a wireless temperature sensor, the cylinder is made of thermally conductive material, and the outer surface of the cylinder is coated with a high thermal conductivity coating;

The catheter is wound on the outside of the cylinder body, and both the inlet end and the outlet end of the catheter extend out of the hydrogen storage tank through the inlet;

The flexible wrapping material layer is wrapped on the outer wall of the cylinder, and through holes are arranged on the side wall of the interlayer bed body;

The hydrogen filter is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank.

In the second aspect, the present invention provides a method for solid hydrogen storage and desorption based on temperature feedback adjustment. During hydrogen storage, a cooling liquid is injected into the liquid conduit, and the cooling liquid is circulated in the liquid conduit by a pump, so as to improve the storage efficiency. The hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen bed is cooled, and the hydrogen storage tank is filled with hydrogen at the same time, and the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank after being filtered to realize hydrogen storage at low temperature;

When hydrogen is released, the temperature in the hydrogen storage material is collected by the wireless temperature sensor, and the hydrogen release rate and temperature are determined according to the needs, so as to determine the liquid temperature and flow rate in the catheter, and realize heating and hydrogen release.

The beneficial effects obtained by one or more embodiments of the present invention described above are as follows:

The temperature controllable system composed of wireless temperature sensor, hydrogen storage bed, pump and catheter can transmit and rapidly change the temperature in the hydrogen storage tank in real time, and measure and control the temperature in the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction of the hydrogen storage material. , the purpose of controlling the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction is achieved by adjusting the reaction temperature. According to the difference in the hydrogen demand in different situations, the appropriate reaction rate is selected and the appropriate amount of gas is released to achieve different conditions.

The cylinder of the hydrogen storage bed is set in a cylindrical shape, and the hollow space is used to place the hydrogen storage material. There are several through-hole channels between each layer to enter and exit the gas, so as to increase the contact area between the gas and the hydrogen storage material, and improve the hydrogen storage material. The rate of hydrogen absorption and desorption, the outer wall of the cylinder is coated with a high thermal conductivity coating, which can effectively improve the thermal conductivity, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the hydrogen storage material and the liquid in the catheter.

The outer wall of the cylinder is wrapped with a flexible wrapping material. On the one hand, it can play a role in heat preservation and avoid heat exchange between the hydrogen storage material and the surrounding environment; The hard contact between the bodies can reduce the impact of the vibration of the hydrogen storage tank on the hydrogen storage material under application conditions such as vehicles.

The liquid conduit is wound on the hydrogen storage bed in a serpentine shape, and the hot fluid and cooling liquid can be transported through the liquid conduit to adjust the temperature of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage bed through heat exchange. The temperature adjustment is relatively uniform, and the temperature rises and falls. faster.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for solid hydrogen storage and desorption based on temperature feedback adjustment in one or more embodiments of the present invention;

2 is a schematic interface diagram of a controller in one or more embodiments of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a transverse section of a hydrogen storage bed in one or more embodiments of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sealing device in one or more embodiments of the present invention;

5 is a flow chart of hydrogen storage and desorption based on temperature feedback in one or more embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the relation between temperature and reaction time-consuming under certain pressure conditions in the hydrogen-releasing process in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the relation between temperature and reaction time consumption under certain pressure conditions in the hydrogen absorption process in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is the effect of the cooling liquid flow rate on the evolution of the temperature field in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: the distance or size between each other is exaggerated in order to show the position of each part, the schematic diagram is for illustration only;

Among them, 1-hydrogen storage tank; 2-hydrogen storage bed; 3-wireless temperature sensor; 4-hydrogen filter; 5-sealing plate; 6-catheter inlet; 7-cathode outlet; 8-gas Flowmeter; 9-motor; 10-temperature controller; 11-controller display screen; 12-controller button; 13-high thermal conductivity coating; 14-flexible wrapping material; 15-bushing.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for solid hydrogen storage and desorption based on temperature feedback adjustment, comprising: a hydrogen storage tank, several layers of hydrogen storage beds and a hydrogen filter, wherein,

The hydrogen storage bed is fixedly arranged in the hydrogen storage tank, the cylinder is filled with hydrogen storage material, and is arranged in layers, and fine gas channels are distributed on the hydrogen storage material layer;

The bottom of the cylinder is provided with a wireless temperature sensor, the cylinder is made of thermally conductive material, and the outer surface of the cylinder is coated with a high thermal conductivity coating;

The catheter is wound on the outside of the cylinder body, and both the inlet end and the outlet end of the catheter extend out of the hydrogen storage tank through the inlet;

The flexible wrapping material layer is wrapped on the outer wall of the cylinder, and through holes are arranged on the side wall of the interlayer bed body;

The hydrogen filter is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank.

The element of the hydrogen storage bed is set in a cylindrical shape, and a hydrogen storage material is evenly placed in the multi-layer space for hydrogen absorption and desorption.

Hydrogen filters are used to filter hydrogen to prevent contamination of hydrogen storage materials.

In some embodiments, the hydrogen filter is a 500 mesh copper mesh.

In some embodiments, the diameter of the gas channel on the hydrogen storage material layer is 2-5 mm.

Setting gas channels on the hydrogen storage material layer can effectively increase the contact area between the hydrogen and the hydrogen storage material, so as to improve the efficiency of hydrogen storage or desorption.

In some embodiments, a sealing plate is further included, the sealing plate is arranged on the cross section of the hydrogen storage tank, and is located between the filter sheet and the hydrogen storage bed, the sealing plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, the diameter of the through holes is smaller than that of the hydrogen storage tank. The particle size of the hydrogen material.

The hydrogen filtered by the filter sheet flows into the hydrogen storage bed through the micropores on the sealing plate for hydrogen storage. In addition, the inner diameter of the tiny through holes on the sealing plate is smaller than the particle size of the hydrogen storage material, so the loss of the hydrogen storage material can be effectively prevented.

Since hydrogen may carry a small amount of solid particles, if this part of solid particles is not filtered and removed, the sealing plate may be blocked when flowing through the sealing plate, so that the process of hydrogen storage and hydrogen prevention cannot be realized.

Preferably, both the liquid inlet pipe end and the liquid outlet pipe end of the catheter are arranged through the sealing plate, and are fixed on the sealing plate through a bushing. to prevent slippage.

Preferably, the distance between the sealing plate and the filter sheet is 100-200 mm.

There is a certain distance between the sealing plate and the filter, and a cavity is formed between the sealing plate, the filter and the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank. When supplying hydrogen, the cavity is used as a hydrogen storage space to prevent hydrogen caused by untimely release of hydrogen. The fuel cell stack cannot start up.

In some embodiments, the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank is provided with a gas flow meter. The gas flow meter is placed at the mouth of the hydrogen storage tank, and the flow rate of the incoming and outgoing gas is measured accordingly, and the corresponding data is fed back to the temperature controller. When the gas flow rate reaches a corresponding stability, the temperature remains constant, and the rate of gas released during work remains stable. .

The diameter of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is 102-1020mm, preferably 133-560mm, and the height is 300-1000mm, preferably 500-900mm;

Hydrogen storage bed 2, its hydrogen storage material is AB, AB2, A2B, AB5 or BCC type solid hydrogen storage alloy material, and its diameter is the diameter of hydrogen storage tank 1 minus the diameter of heat transfer pipe and the thickness of flexible wrapping material, and the height is The height of the hydrogen tank 1 minus the distance between the filter and the sealing plate;

The hydrogen filter 4 is a 500-mesh copper mesh, and the distance between it and the sealing plate is 150mm;

The high thermal conductivity coating 13 is made of metal-based pure copper hot-dip coating;

The flexible wrapping material 14 is made of aluminum silicate fiber and has a thickness of 15mm, preferably 12mm.

In the second aspect, the present invention provides a method for solid hydrogen storage and desorption based on temperature feedback adjustment. During hydrogen storage, a cooling liquid is injected into the liquid conduit, and the cooling liquid is circulated in the liquid conduit by a pump, so as to improve the storage efficiency. The hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen bed is cooled, and the hydrogen storage tank is filled with hydrogen at the same time, and the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank after being filtered to realize hydrogen storage at low temperature;

When hydrogen is released, the temperature in the hydrogen storage material is collected by the wireless temperature sensor, and the hydrogen release rate and temperature are determined according to the needs, so as to determine the liquid temperature and flow rate in the catheter, and realize heating and hydrogen release.

In some embodiments, the liquid in the liquid conduit is heat-conducting oil, and the preferred freezing point of the heat-conducting oil is less than -20°C.

In some embodiments, when storing hydrogen, the preferred liquid temperature in the catheter is -10°C to 20°C, and the flow rate is 1-3 m/s.

Preferably, when hydrogen is released, the preferred liquid temperature in the catheter is 60°C-100°C, and the flow rate is 1-3 m/s.

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, a method and device for solid hydrogen storage and desorption based on temperature feedback adjustment include a hydrogen storage tank 1, a hydrogen storage bed 2, a wireless temperature sensor 3, a hydrogen filter 4, a sealing device 5, a guide Liquid pipe inlet 6 , catheter outlet 7 , gas flow meter 8 , motor 9 , temperature controller 10 , controller display screen 11 , controller buttons 12 , high thermal conductivity coating 13 , flexible wrapping material 14 , bushing 15 .

The hydrogen storage tank body 1 is a cylindrical shell, and a gas flow meter 8 is placed at the upper end opening to control the gas in and out, and a motor device 9 is arranged to control the liquid conduit 6 to achieve the purpose of liquid in and out. The hydrogen storage bed element 2 is a cylinder. It is placed in the hydrogen storage tank body 1 in a shape, and there is a sealing plate 5 above the hydrogen storage bed body element 2, and a hydrogen filter sheet 4 is arranged at the mouth of the hydrogen storage tank body.

The temperature controller is composed of the controller display screen 11 and the controller buttons 12. By importing Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7 into the controller, the corresponding control program is written, and the wireless temperature sensor 3 monitors the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank 1 in real time and feeds back After reaching the controller 10, after selecting an appropriate temperature, the controller 10 controls the temperature in the hydrogen storage tank 1 by operating the motor device 9 to control the flow rate of the liquid in the catheter 6.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the hydrogen storage bed element 2 is made of aluminum foil, and is placed in the hydrogen storage tank 1 in a cylindrical shape. The hydrogen storage material is placed in the hydrogen storage bed element 2. The hydrogen storage bed element 2 consists of an outer Inside are the infinite temperature sensor 3, the aluminum foil, the high thermal conductivity coating 13, the liquid conduit 6, the flexible wrapping material 14, and there are through holes between each layer to enter and exit the gas, and the liquid conduit 6 is evenly wound around the hydrogen storage bed element 2. On the high thermal conductivity plating layer 13, when the temperature changes, the liquid conduit 6 realizes heating or cooling of the hydrogen storage material through the thermal fluid and the cooling liquid, so as to complete the hydrogen absorption and desorption work.

As shown in Figure 3, there are tiny through holes on the sealing plate 5. When the gas enters, the impurities are first filtered through the hydrogen filter. If the filtration is not complete, the through holes will be blocked, and the hydrogen absorption and desorption work cannot be completed, ensuring the safety of the use process. Safety. When degassing is performed, the through hole only allows gas to pass through, preventing leakage of the hydrogen storage material and affecting the use effect. At the same time, a bushing 15 is installed on the sealing layer to fix the catheter to prevent the position of the catheter from being displaced and affecting the hydrogen absorption and desorption of the hydrogen storage material.

As shown in FIG. 4 , when the hydrogen storage device starts to work, the gas enters the hydrogen storage tank 1 through the gas flow meter 8 , passes through the hydrogen filter 4 to ensure the purity of the gas, and enters the storage tank through the through holes of the hydrogen storage bed element 2 . The hydrogen material completes the hydrogen absorption process. Carry out the hydrogen desorption work, obtain the temperature data in the tank through the wireless temperature sensor 3 and transmit it to the temperature controller 10, control the motor device 9 to control the temperature of the water bath through the catheter 6, control the degree of reaction progress, and the gas flow meter 8 measures the output gas. In the corresponding case, after the output rate reaches the required value, the temperature remains constant, the hydrogen release rate reaches the required requirement, and the gas passes through the through holes and the hydrogen filter 4 to complete the hydrogen release work.

When in use, open the hydrogen storage tank, fill the hydrogen storage material into the hydrogen storage bed, the wireless temperature sensor is enclosed in the hydrogen storage bed, and place the sealing plate and the hydrogen filter in the hydrogen storage tank in turn, and the catheter is placed in the hydrogen storage tank. The element is wound around the hydrogen storage bed in a serpentine shape, and the motor device is connected with a temperature sensor to a temperature controller.

The temperature sensor senses the temperature in the hydrogen storage tank and transmits the signal to the temperature controller to display the reading on the display.

When the temperature in the hydrogen storage tank needs to be changed and regulated under different circumstances, the controller controls the motor device to change the flow rate of the liquid in the catheter.

The temperature in the hydrogen storage tank is adjusted by the liquid in the catheter. When the corresponding temperature is reached, the gas flow meter data is observed. After the gas release rate reaches the corresponding value, the temperature in the hydrogen storage tank is stabilized and the reaction rate is kept constant. Release the right amount of gas to meet the needs of the working situation.

The diameter of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is 560mm and the height is 700mm;

Hydrogen storage bed body 2, the hydrogen storage material is BCC type solid hydrogen storage alloy material, and its diameter is the diameter of the hydrogen storage tank body 1 minus the diameter of the heat transfer pipe and the thickness of the flexible wrapping material;

The hydrogen filter 4 is a 500-mesh copper mesh, and the distance between it and the sealing plate is 150mm;

The high thermal conductivity coating 13 is made of metal-based pure copper hot-dip coating;

The flexible wrapping material 14 is made of aluminum silicate fiber and has a thickness of 15mm.

Figure 6 shows the relationship between temperature and reaction time under a certain pressure in the hydrogen release process. It can be seen that the higher the temperature, the faster the hydrogen release rate, and the lower the pressure in the tank, the faster the hydrogen release rate.

Figure 7 shows the relationship between temperature and reaction time under a certain pressure during hydrogen absorption. It can be seen that the lower the temperature, the faster the hydrogen absorption rate, and the greater the pressure in the tank, the faster the hydrogen absorption rate.

Figure 8 shows the effect of coolant flow rate on the evolution of the temperature field.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a solid stores up hydrogen desorption's device based on temperature feedback adjusts which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: a hydrogen storage tank body, a plurality of layers of hydrogen storage bed bodies and hydrogen filter sheets, wherein,

the hydrogen storage bed body is fixedly arranged in the hydrogen storage tank body, a cylinder body of the hydrogen storage bed body is filled with hydrogen storage materials and is arranged in a layered mode, and fine gas channels are distributed on the hydrogen storage material layer;

the bottom of the cylinder body is provided with a wireless temperature sensor, the cylinder body is made of heat conduction materials, and the outer surface of the cylinder body is coated with a high heat conduction coating;

the liquid guide pipe is wound on the outer side of the cylinder body, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the liquid guide pipe extend out of the hydrogen storage tank body through the inlet;

the flexible wrapping material layer is wrapped on the outer wall of the cylinder body, and through holes are formed in the side wall of the interlayer bed body;

the hydrogen filter is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank body;

the sealing plate is arranged on the cross section of the hydrogen storage tank body and positioned between the filter disc and the hydrogen storage bed body, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the sealing plate, and the diameter of each through hole is smaller than the particle size of the hydrogen storage material;

the diameter of the gas channel on the hydrogen storage material layer is 2-5 mm;

the liquid inlet pipe end and the liquid outlet pipe end of the liquid guide pipe penetrate through the sealing plate and are fixed on the sealing plate through the lining.

2. The apparatus for solid hydrogen storage and discharge based on temperature feedback regulation according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen filter is a 500-mesh copper net.

3. The apparatus for solid hydrogen storage and discharge based on temperature feedback regulation according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between the sealing plate and the filter sheet is 100-200 mm.

4. The apparatus for solid hydrogen storage and discharge based on temperature feedback regulation according to claim 1, wherein: the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank body is provided with a gas flowmeter.

5. A method for solid hydrogen storage and discharge based on temperature feedback regulation by using the device for solid hydrogen storage and discharge based on temperature feedback regulation of any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: during hydrogen storage, cooling liquid is injected into the liquid guide pipe, and the cooling liquid circularly flows in the liquid guide pipe through the pump to cool the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage bed body, and meanwhile, hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen storage tank body, and the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank body after being filtered, so that the hydrogen storage is realized at low temperature;

during hydrogen discharging, the temperature in the hydrogen storage material is collected through the wireless temperature sensor, and the hydrogen discharging speed and the hydrogen discharging temperature are determined according to requirements so as to determine the liquid temperature and the flowing speed in the liquid guide pipe and realize heating hydrogen discharging.

6. The method for solid hydrogen storage and discharge based on temperature feedback regulation of claim 5, wherein: the liquid in the liquid guide pipe is heat conducting oil, and the condensation point is less than minus 20 ℃.

7. The method for solid hydrogen storage and discharge based on temperature feedback regulation of claim 5, wherein: when storing hydrogen, the liquid temperature in the liquid guide pipe is-10 ℃ to 20 ℃, and the flow rate is 1-3 m/s;

or, when hydrogen is discharged, the liquid temperature in the liquid guide pipe is 60-100 ℃, and the flow speed is 1-3 m/s.

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