CN114368324B - Fuel cell thermal management system, control method thereof and vehicle - Google Patents
Fuel cell thermal management system, control method thereof and vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114368324B CN114368324B CN202210055259.0A CN202210055259A CN114368324B CN 114368324 B CN114368324 B CN 114368324B CN 202210055259 A CN202210055259 A CN 202210055259A CN 114368324 B CN114368324 B CN 114368324B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- heat exchange
- heating
- cell stack
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/31—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for starting of fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/03—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/34—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell thermal management system, a control method thereof and a vehicle, wherein the system comprises the following components: a fuel cell stack capable of heating a heat exchange medium; the heating system is used for heating the passenger cabin; the catalytic combustion device is used for heating the heat exchange medium and is communicated with the heating system through a pipeline; the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange passage and a second heat exchange passage, the first heat exchange passage is communicated with the fuel cell stack, and the second heat exchange passage is communicated with the catalytic combustion device and the heating system. When the electric pile is started at low temperature, the heat exchange medium is heated by the catalytic combustion device, and high-temperature medium is supplied to the electric pile through the heat exchanger to assist in heating the electric pile. Meanwhile, the catalytic combustion device can also supply high-temperature medium to the heating system to heat the passenger cabin, so that the comfort of the passenger cabin is improved. Therefore, the PTC is not needed, the catalytic combustion device can be used for heating the electric pile and heating the passenger cabin at the same time, the energy consumption of the system is greatly reduced, the cost is saved, and the low-temperature endurance mileage of the vehicle is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a fuel cell thermal management system, a control method thereof, and a vehicle.
Background
In the new energy automobile, the fuel cell system has the advantages of no pollution, short hydrogenation time, long driving range, strong environmental adaptability and the like, so the fuel cell system has wide application prospect. At low temperature start-up of the fuel cell, auxiliary heating is required, and the most common method at present is to heat the stack coolant by using a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient ) heater to heat the fuel cell stack. Meanwhile, a PTC heater needs to be added to the warm air circuit to heat the passenger compartment.
However, the whole thermal management system adopts a plurality of PTC heaters, the use cost is high, the electricity consumption requirement is large, and the system energy consumption is high. In addition, in a low-temperature environment, the discharging capacity of the power battery can be reduced, and when a plurality of PTC heaters are powered, the power battery can be over-discharged or even under-charged, so that the low-temperature endurance mileage of the fuel battery vehicle is affected.
Therefore, how to solve the problems of the prior art that the fuel cell uses the PTC heater when starting at low temperature, the cost is high, the power consumption is high, the energy consumption of the thermal management system is too high, and the low Wen Xuhang mileage of the fuel cell vehicle is affected becomes an important technical problem to be solved by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell thermal management system, a control method thereof and a vehicle, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, when a fuel cell is started at a low temperature, a PTC heater is used, the cost is high, the power consumption is high, the energy consumption of the thermal management system is too high, and the low Wen Xuhang mileage of the fuel cell vehicle is affected.
The present invention provides a fuel cell thermal management system, comprising:
a fuel cell stack capable of heating a heat exchange medium;
the heating system is used for heating the passenger cabin;
the catalytic combustion device is provided with a first inlet communicated with an air source and a second inlet communicated with a fuel gas source, and is used for heating the heat exchange medium and is communicated with the heating system through a pipeline;
the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange passage and a second heat exchange passage which exchange heat mutually, the first heat exchange passage is communicated with the fuel cell stack through a pipeline, and the second heat exchange passage is communicated with the catalytic combustion device and the heating system through a pipeline.
The fuel cell thermal management system provided by the invention further comprises a first control device, wherein the first control device is used for controlling the on-off of the heat exchanger and the fuel cell stack.
According to the fuel cell thermal management system provided by the invention, the first control device comprises a thermostat, and the thermostat is used for controlling the on-off of the heat exchanger and the fuel cell stack.
The fuel cell thermal management system provided by the invention further comprises a second control device, wherein the second control device is used for controlling the gas flow of the first inlet and the second inlet.
According to the fuel cell thermal management system provided by the invention, the second control device includes:
the first air inlet pipeline is respectively connected with the air source and the first inlet;
the first control valve is arranged on the first air inlet pipeline and is used for controlling the air flow of the first air inlet pipeline;
the second air inlet pipeline is respectively connected with the fuel gas source and the second inlet;
the second control valve is arranged on the second air inlet pipeline and is used for controlling the air flow of the second air inlet pipeline.
According to the fuel cell thermal management system provided by the invention, the second control device further includes:
the first one-way valve is arranged on the first air inlet pipeline and is communicated in the direction from the air source to the first inlet;
the second one-way valve is arranged on the second air inlet pipeline and is communicated in the direction from the fuel gas source to the second inlet.
The fuel cell thermal management system provided by the invention further comprises a heat dissipation system, wherein the heat dissipation system comprises:
the radiator is used for cooling the heat exchange medium and is connected with the fuel cell stack through a pipeline;
and the third control device is used for controlling the on-off of the radiator and the fuel cell stack.
The fuel cell thermal management system provided by the invention further comprises a filter, wherein the fuel cell stack is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet, and the filter is arranged at the heat exchange medium inlet and/or the heat exchange medium outlet.
The invention also provides a control method of the fuel cell thermal management system, which is based on the fuel cell thermal management system as described in any one of the above, and comprises the following steps:
determining that the fuel cell stack is in a low temperature start-up state;
the catalytic combustion device is controlled to heat the heat exchange medium, the high-temperature heat exchange medium is supplied to the heating system, and the high-temperature heat exchange medium is supplied to the fuel cell stack through the heat exchanger.
The control method of the fuel cell thermal management system provided by the invention further comprises the following steps:
determining that the fuel cell stack is in a normal working state, and judging whether the passenger cabin needs heating or not;
under the condition that the passenger cabin needs to be heated, the fuel cell stack is controlled to supply high-temperature heat exchange medium to the heating system through the heat exchanger.
The invention also provides a vehicle comprising a fuel cell thermal management system as described in any one of the preceding claims.
The present invention provides a fuel cell thermal management system comprising: a fuel cell stack capable of heating a heat exchange medium; the heating system is used for heating the passenger cabin; the catalytic combustion device is provided with a first inlet communicated with an air source and a second inlet communicated with a fuel gas source, is used for heating a heat exchange medium and is communicated with a heating system through a pipeline; the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange passage and a second heat exchange passage which exchange heat mutually, the first heat exchange passage is communicated with the fuel cell stack through a pipeline, and the second heat exchange passage is communicated with the catalytic combustion device and the heating system through a pipeline. With this arrangement, when the fuel cell stack is started at a low temperature, the heat exchange medium is heated by the catalytic combustion device, and the high-temperature heat exchange medium is supplied to the fuel cell stack via the heat exchanger to assist in heating the fuel cell stack. Meanwhile, the catalytic combustion device can also supply high-temperature heat exchange medium to the heating system to heat the passenger cabin, so that the comfort of the passenger cabin is improved. Therefore, the PTC heater is not needed, the fuel cell stack can be heated and the passenger cabin can be heated simultaneously by utilizing the catalytic combustion device, the energy consumption of the system is greatly reduced, the cost is saved, the improvement of the low-temperature endurance mileage of the vehicle is facilitated, and the problems that the PTC heater is high in cost, high in power consumption and excessively high in energy consumption of a thermal management system and the low Wen Xuhang mileage of the fuel cell vehicle is influenced when the fuel cell is started at a low temperature in the prior art are effectively solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell thermal management system according to the present invention;
reference numerals:
1: a fuel cell stack; 2: a first water pump; 3: a warm air core;
4: a second water pump; 5: a catalytic combustion device; 6: a first inlet;
7: a second inlet; 8: a heat exchanger; 9: a first air intake line;
10: a first control valve; 11: a second air intake line; 12: a second control valve;
13: a first one-way valve; 14: a second one-way valve; 15: a heat sink;
16: a first thermostat; 17: a second thermostat; 18: a heat exchange medium inlet;
19: a heat exchange medium outlet; 20: a filter; 21: a first flowmeter;
22: an air compressor; 23: an intercooler; 24: a humidifier;
25: a first tail gate; 26: a second tail gate valve; 27: a steam-water separator;
28: a circulation pump; 29: a pressure release valve; 30: a proportional valve;
31: a first sensor; 32: a second sensor; 33: a second flowmeter;
34: a third flowmeter; 35: a warm air loop; 36: a heating loop;
37: a small circulation loop; 38: and a large circulation loop.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The fuel cell thermal management system of the present invention is described below in conjunction with fig. 1.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fuel cell thermal management system, which comprises a fuel cell stack 1, a heating system, a catalytic combustion device 5 and a heat exchanger 8. The fuel cell stack 1 is an important part of a fuel cell vehicle, and air and fuel gas are introduced into the fuel cell stack 1, and hydrogen is generally selected. As shown in fig. 1, the left end is an air source, and the right end is a hydrogen source. Air enters the fuel cell stack 1 through an air compressor 22, an intercooler 23, a humidifier 24 and the like, and undergoes oxidation-reduction reaction with the introduced hydrogen to convert chemical energy into electric energy. Meanwhile, the fuel cell stack 1 generates waste heat in the operation process, and when the fuel cell stack 1 works normally, the generated waste heat can be utilized to heat the heat exchange medium, so that heat is supplied to the outside. The fuel cell stack 1 is provided with a heat exchange medium passage, and is capable of exchanging heat with a heat exchange medium. Furthermore, a first water pump 2 is provided for powering the circulation of the heat exchange medium of the fuel cell stack 1.
The air off-gas discharged from the fuel cell stack 1 is discharged through the first tail gas discharge valve 25, and the hydrogen off-gas is discharged through the second tail gas discharge valve 26 after passing through the steam-water separator 27. Wherein, part of the hydrogen can be sent back to the fuel cell stack 1 again through the circulating pump 28 for recycling. In addition, as shown in fig. 1, a pressure relief valve 29 may be provided, and pressure relief may be performed when the gas pressure exceeds the set pressure of the pressure relief valve 29, so as to ensure safe operation of the system. A first flow meter 21 for monitoring the flow rate of air and a proportional valve 30 for adjusting the flow rate of hydrogen may be further provided to control the flow rate of air and the flow rate of hydrogen flowing into the fuel cell stack 1 according to the actual use requirements of the fuel cell vehicle, to improve the utilization rate of raw materials, and to sufficiently perform electrochemical reactions.
The heating system is used for heating the passenger cabin, and specifically comprises a warm air core body 3 and a second water pump 4, and the heating requirement of the passenger cabin can be met through the warm air core body 3. The catalytic combustion device 5 is provided with a first inlet 6 communicated with an air source and a second inlet 7 communicated with a hydrogen source, releases heat through chemical reaction under the action of a catalyst and is used for heating a heat exchange medium. The catalytic combustion device 5 is communicated with the heating system through a pipeline, so that heat exchange can be performed with the heating system, and the catalytic combustion device is used for heating the passenger cabin. The catalytic combustion device 5 is a conventional catalytic combustion heater, is not powered by a power battery, can directly utilize a hydrogen source of a fuel battery, and has the advantages of convenient raw material use and lower cost.
The heat exchanger 8 includes a first heat exchanging path and a second heat exchanging path, the first heat exchanging path is communicated with the fuel cell stack 1 through a pipe, and the second heat exchanging path is communicated with the catalytic combustion device 5 and the heating system through a pipe, so that the catalytic combustion device 5 and the heating system can exchange heat with the fuel cell stack 1 through the heat exchanger 8. Further, temperature detecting means may be provided for detecting the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fuel cell stack 1 so as to adjust the flow rates of the first water pump 2 and the second water pump 4, thereby controlling the heat exchange amount of the fuel cell stack 1. Specifically, the temperature detection device includes a first sensor 31 and a second sensor 32, for example, a temperature and pressure integrated sensor is employed.
When the fuel cell stack 1 is in the low-temperature start-up state, auxiliary heating is required, and at this time, a large amount of heat is released by the reaction of the catalytic combustion device 5 to heat the heat exchange medium, and the high-temperature heat exchange medium is supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 via the heat exchanger 8 to heat the fuel cell stack 1. Meanwhile, the catalytic combustion device 5 can also supply high-temperature heat exchange medium to the heating system to heat the passenger cabin, so that the comfort of the passenger cabin is improved. When the fuel cell stack 1 is in a normal working state, the waste heat generated by the fuel cell stack 1 can also supply a high-temperature heat exchange medium to the heating system through the heat exchanger 8 to heat the passenger cabin.
Therefore, the fuel cell stack 1 can be heated and the passenger cabin can be heated simultaneously by utilizing the catalytic combustion device 5 without using a PTC heater, so that the energy consumption of the system is greatly reduced, the cost is saved, the improvement of the low-temperature endurance mileage of the vehicle is facilitated, and the problems that the PTC heater is used when the fuel cell is started at a low temperature in the prior art, the cost is higher, the power consumption is high, the energy consumption of a thermal management system is too high, and the low Wen Xuhang mileage of the fuel cell vehicle is influenced are effectively solved. In addition, when the fuel cell stack 1 works normally, the waste heat of the fuel cell stack 1 can be used for heating the passenger cabin through the heat exchanger 8, so that the heating requirement of the passenger cabin is met, the energy consumption of the system is further reduced, and the gas utilization rate is improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell thermal management system further comprises a first control device, and the first control device is used for controlling the on-off of the heat exchanger 8 and the fuel cell stack 1. Specifically, the first control device includes a thermostat, and the electronic thermostat is mounted on a connection line of the heat exchanger 8 and the fuel cell stack 1. The on-off of the connecting pipeline and the pipeline flow are controlled by adjusting the valve opening of the thermostat, so that the on-off of the heat exchanger 8 and the fuel cell stack 1 can be controlled to meet the use requirements under different working scenes.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell thermal management system further comprises a second control device for controlling the gas flow rates of the first inlet 6 and the second inlet 7. Therefore, the flow of air and hydrogen can be regulated according to the heat demand of the system, the heat generated by the catalytic combustion device 5 is reasonably utilized, the resource waste is avoided, and the energy is saved.
Specifically, the second control means includes a first intake pipe 9, a first control valve 10, a second intake pipe 11, and a second control valve 12. As shown in fig. 1, the first air intake pipe 9 is connected to an air source and the first inlet 6, respectively, and the first control valve 10 is provided on the first air intake pipe 9. The first control valve 10 may be a proportional valve for controlling the gas flow of the first inlet line 9. The second inlet line 11 is connected to the gas source and the second inlet 7, respectively, and a second control valve 12 is arranged on the second inlet line 11. The second control valve 12 may be a proportional valve for controlling the gas flow of the second gas inlet line 11. Thus, by controlling the two proportional valves, the air and hydrogen flows required by the catalytic combustion device 5 can be conveniently adjusted. Furthermore, the first and second intake pipes 9 and 11 are also fitted with a second and third flow meter 33 and 34, respectively, for visually monitoring the air and hydrogen flow rates.
Further, the second control device also comprises a first one-way valve 13 and a second one-way valve 14. As shown in fig. 1, a first non-return valve 13 is provided on the first inlet line 9 and is open in the direction of the air source to the first inlet 6. The second one-way valve 14 is provided on the second inlet line 11 and is conducted in the direction from the hydrogen source to the second inlet 7. Thus, the backflow of the gas flowing to the catalytic combustion device 5 can be avoided, and the pollution of the gas source can be prevented.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell thermal management system further comprises a heat dissipation system, and the heat dissipation system comprises a radiator 15 and a third control device. The radiator 15 is used for cooling the heat exchange medium and is connected to the fuel cell stack 1 by piping. The third control device may be an electronic thermostat, and the radiator 15 is controlled to be turned on or off with the fuel cell stack 1 by adjusting the thermostat. When the fuel cell stack 1 is operating normally, the heat generated by it needs to be removed so as not to affect the cell performance. At this time, the thermostat is adjusted to enable the radiator 15 to be communicated with the pipeline of the fuel cell stack 1, and heat generated by the fuel cell stack 1 is taken away through heat exchange between the radiator 15 and the outside air.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell thermal management system further comprises a filter 20, the fuel cell stack 1 is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet 18 and a heat exchange medium outlet 19, and the filter 20 is arranged at the heat exchange medium inlet 18 and/or the heat exchange medium outlet 19. Therefore, the heat exchange medium can be filtered, the pipeline is prevented from being blocked, and the normal operation of the system is ensured.
The following describes a control method of a fuel cell thermal management system provided by the present invention, and the control method of the fuel cell thermal management system described below and the thermal management system of the fuel cell described above can be referred to correspondingly with each other.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the fuel cell thermal management system, which is based on the fuel cell thermal management system in each embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
determining that the fuel cell stack 1 is in a low-temperature start-up state;
the catalytic combustion device 5 is controlled to heat the heat exchange medium, supply the high-temperature heat exchange medium to the heating system, and supply the high-temperature heat exchange medium to the fuel cell stack 1 through the heat exchanger 8.
By the arrangement, the fuel cell stack 1 is heated by the catalytic combustion device 5, the low-temperature starting auxiliary heating function of the fuel cell stack 1 is realized, and meanwhile, the heat exchange is carried out between the catalytic combustion device 5 and a heating system to heat the passenger cabin. Therefore, the catalytic combustion device 5 can simultaneously meet the low-temperature starting and passenger cabin heating requirements of the fuel cell, a plurality of PTC heaters are not needed, dependence on a power battery is eliminated, the power consumption of the system is reduced, the cost is saved, and the low-temperature endurance mileage of the vehicle is improved.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell thermal management system control method further includes the steps of:
determining that the fuel cell stack 1 is in a normal operating state, and judging whether the passenger compartment needs heating or not;
in the case where the passenger compartment needs to be heated, the fuel cell stack 1 is controlled to supply a high-temperature heat exchange medium to the heating system through the heat exchanger 8.
When the fuel cell stack 1 normally operates, a large amount of waste heat is generated, and at this time, the use of the stack waste heat for passenger cabin heating is realized through the heat exchanger 8, so that the comfort of the passenger cabin is improved, the power consumption of the whole thermal management system can be reduced, and the comprehensive utilization rate of hydrogen is improved. Wherein, whether the passenger cabin needs heating can be judged through the signal fed back by the passenger cabin operation panel.
In addition, in the embodiment of the invention, the control method of the fuel cell thermal management system further comprises the following steps: when it is determined that the fuel cell stack 1 is in the temperature-raising state, the heat exchanger 8 may be disconnected from the fuel cell stack 1 by the first control device. At this time, the electric pile can meet the heating requirement of the electric pile by means of self-heating circulation without auxiliary heating of the fuel cell by the catalytic combustion device 5, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the system.
The fuel cell thermal management system and the control method thereof according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the above embodiments. The fuel cell thermal management system includes a fuel cell stack 1, a heating system, a catalytic combustion device 5, a heat exchanger 8, a radiator 15, a first thermostat 16, a second thermostat 17, and the like.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the heating system includes a warm air core 3 and a second water pump 4, and is connected with a catalytic combustion device 5 and a heat exchanger 8 through pipelines to form a warm air loop 35, so that the catalytic combustion device 5 is used for heating a heat exchange medium, and heating can be performed on a passenger cabin.
The fuel cell stack 1, the first thermostat 16, the second thermostat 17, and the heat exchanger 8 are connected by piping to form a heating loop 36. On the one hand, the catalytic combustion device 5 exchanges heat with the fuel cell stack 1 through the heat exchanger 8, so as to meet the low-temperature auxiliary heating requirement of the fuel cell. On the other hand, the waste heat generated by the fuel cell stack 1 can also exchange heat with the warm air loop 35 through the heat exchanger 8, and the passenger cabin is heated by utilizing the waste heat of the electric stack.
In addition, the fuel cell stack 1, the first thermostat 16 form a small circulation loop 37 so that the fuel cell can be warmed up by self-generated heat.
In addition, the fuel cell stack 1, the first thermostat 16, the second thermostat 17, and the radiator 15 form a large circulation loop 38, so that heat can be exchanged with outside air through the radiator 15 to perform heat dissipation treatment on the fuel cell during normal operation of the fuel cell. The first thermostat 16 and the second thermostat 17 cooperate to control the on-off of the heat exchanger 8 and the fuel cell stack 1, so as to switch the heat exchange loop according to different working conditions. At the same time, the first thermostat 16 can also control the on-off state of the small circulation loop 37 so as to be suitable for the heating state of the fuel cell. The second thermostat 17 can also control the on-off of the large circulation loop 38 to meet the heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific control process is as follows:
when the fuel cell stack 1 is in the low-temperature start-up state, auxiliary heating is required. At this time, the first thermostat 16 and the second thermostat 17 connect the fuel cell stack 1 and the heat exchanger 8 to each other, so that the stack heat exchange medium flows through the heating circuit 36. Simultaneously, hydrogen and air react in the catalytic combustion device 5 to heat the heat exchange medium of the warm air loop 35. The heat exchange medium of the warm air loop 35 sequentially flows through the heat exchanger 8 and the warm air core body 3, so that the requirements of electric pile auxiliary heating, passenger cabin heating defrosting and demisting and the like are met. In addition, the flow of the first water pump 2 and the second water pump 4 can be controlled according to the heating requirement of the passenger cabin and the inlet and outlet temperature of the electric pile, and the air and hydrogen flow can be controlled by adjusting the first control valve 10 and the second control valve 12 at the same time, so that the resources are optimally configured and fully utilized. In this way, both fuel cell low temperature start-up and passenger compartment heating requirements are met with the catalytic combustion device 5.
When the fuel cell stack 1 is in the temperature-raising state, the stack does not need auxiliary heating. At this time, the second thermostat 17 is closed, the first thermostat 16 is communicated with the small circulation loop 37, heat exchange is not carried out between the small circulation loop and the warm air loop 35, and the fuel cell can meet the heating requirement by self-generated heat for heating. If the passenger cabin has a heating requirement at this time, the catalytic combustion device 5 independently heats the warm air circuit 35 to satisfy the passenger cabin heating requirement. If the passenger compartment has no heating requirement, the second water pump 4 and the first and second control valves 10 and 12 are both in a closed state.
When the fuel cell stack 1 is in a normal operating state, the waste heat generated by the stack can be used to meet the passenger cabin heating requirement. If the passenger cabin has a heating requirement at this time, the first thermostat 16 and the second thermostat 17 are communicated with the fuel cell stack 1 and the heat exchanger 8, so that a pile heat exchange medium flows through the heating and heating loop 36, the pile heat exchange medium heats the heat exchange medium of the warm air loop 35 through the heat exchanger 8, and the passenger cabin heating requirement is met through the warm air core 3. At the same time, the second thermostat 17 is also connected to the large circulation loop 38, and excess heat is dissipated through the large circulation loop 38. In addition, the opening degree of the first thermostat 16 and the second thermostat 17 and the flow of the first water pump 2 and the second water pump 4 can be adjusted in real time according to the heating requirement of the passenger cabin and the inlet and outlet temperature of the electric pile. If the passenger cabin has no heating requirement, the second water pump 4 is turned off, the second thermostat 17 is only communicated with the large circulation loop 38, the electric pile heat exchange medium only flows through the large circulation loop 38, and heat generated by the electric pile is taken away through the radiator 15.
In summary, the heating loop 36 is added, the catalytic combustion device 5 and the heat exchanger 8 are added in the warm air loop 35, the heat exchange between the warm air loop 35 and the heating loop 36 can be realized through the heat exchanger 8, and the switching of different loops is realized by controlling the first thermostat 16, the second thermostat 17 and the like, so as to meet the requirements of different working conditions of the whole vehicle. According to the invention, the PTC heater is not required to be used for assisting cold start of the galvanic pile, and the catalytic combustion device 5 is utilized to realize the low-temperature cold start function of the fuel cell and the heating function of the passenger cabin, so that the comfort of the passenger cabin is improved. Meanwhile, the waste heat of the fuel cell is used for heating the passenger cabin, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of hydrogen is improved, and the low-temperature endurance mileage of the vehicle is improved.
The following describes a vehicle provided by the present invention, and the vehicle described below and the fuel cell thermal management system described above may be referred to correspondingly to each other.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a vehicle comprising the fuel cell thermal management system in each embodiment. With this arrangement, when the fuel cell stack 1 is started at a low temperature, the heat exchange medium is heated by the catalytic combustion device 5, and the high-temperature heat exchange medium is supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 via the heat exchanger 8, thereby assisting in heating the fuel cell stack 1. Meanwhile, the catalytic combustion device 5 can also supply high-temperature heat exchange medium to the heating system to heat the passenger cabin, so that the comfort of the passenger cabin is improved. Therefore, the fuel cell stack 1 can be heated and the passenger cabin can be heated simultaneously by utilizing the catalytic combustion device 5 without using a PTC heater, the energy consumption of the system is greatly reduced, the cost is saved, the improvement of the low-temperature endurance mileage of the vehicle is facilitated, and the problems that the PTC heater is used when the fuel cell is started at a low temperature in the prior art, the cost is high, the power consumption is high, the energy consumption of a thermal management system is too high, and the low Wen Xuhang mileage of the fuel cell vehicle is influenced are effectively solved. The deduction of the beneficial effects is substantially similar to the deduction of the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned fuel cell thermal management system, and thus will not be described in detail herein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A fuel cell thermal management system, comprising:
a fuel cell stack capable of heating a heat exchange medium;
the heating system is used for heating the passenger cabin;
the catalytic combustion device is provided with a first inlet communicated with an air source and a second inlet communicated with a fuel gas source, and is used for heating the heat exchange medium and is communicated with the heating system through a pipeline;
the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange passage and a second heat exchange passage which exchange heat mutually, the first heat exchange passage is communicated with the fuel cell stack through a pipeline, and the second heat exchange passage is communicated with the catalytic combustion device and the heating system through a pipeline;
the heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat between the high-temperature heat exchange medium generated by the catalytic combustion device and the fuel cell stack in a low-temperature cold start state of the fuel cell stack so as to heat the fuel cell stack, and is used for supplying the high-temperature heat exchange medium generated by the catalytic combustion device to the heating system so as to heat the passenger cabin;
when the fuel cell stack is in a normal working state and the passenger cabin has a heating requirement, the fuel cell stack is communicated with the heat exchanger, so that a stack heat exchange medium flows through the heating and heating loop, and the heat exchanger heats a warm air loop heat exchange medium so as to heat the passenger cabin through the warm air core.
2. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 1, further comprising a first control device for controlling the on-off of the heat exchanger to the fuel cell stack.
3. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein the first control device includes a thermostat for controlling on-off of the heat exchanger to the fuel cell stack.
4. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 1, further comprising a second control device for controlling the flow of gas to the first inlet and the second inlet.
5. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 4, wherein the second control means includes:
the first air inlet pipeline is respectively connected with the air source and the first inlet;
the first control valve is arranged on the first air inlet pipeline and is used for controlling the air flow of the first air inlet pipeline;
the second air inlet pipeline is respectively connected with the fuel gas source and the second inlet;
the second control valve is arranged on the second air inlet pipeline and is used for controlling the air flow of the second air inlet pipeline.
6. The fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 5, wherein the second control device further comprises:
the first one-way valve is arranged on the first air inlet pipeline and is communicated in the direction from the air source to the first inlet;
the second one-way valve is arranged on the second air inlet pipeline and is communicated in the direction from the fuel gas source to the second inlet.
7. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 1, further comprising a heat dissipation system comprising:
the radiator is used for cooling the heat exchange medium and is connected with the fuel cell stack through a pipeline;
and the third control device is used for controlling the on-off of the radiator and the fuel cell stack.
8. The fuel cell thermal management system of claim 1, further comprising a filter, the fuel cell stack being provided with a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet, the filter being disposed at the heat exchange medium inlet and/or the heat exchange medium outlet.
9. A fuel cell thermal management system control method, characterized by comprising the steps of:
determining that the fuel cell stack is in a low temperature start-up state;
the catalytic combustion device is controlled to heat the heat exchange medium, the high-temperature heat exchange medium is supplied to the heating system, and the high-temperature heat exchange medium is supplied to the fuel cell stack through the heat exchanger.
10. The fuel cell thermal management system control method according to claim 9, further comprising the step of:
determining that the fuel cell stack is in a normal working state, and judging whether the passenger cabin needs heating or not;
under the condition that the passenger cabin needs to be heated, the fuel cell stack is controlled to supply high-temperature heat exchange medium to the heating system through the heat exchanger.
11. A vehicle comprising a fuel cell thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210055259.0A CN114368324B (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Fuel cell thermal management system, control method thereof and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210055259.0A CN114368324B (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Fuel cell thermal management system, control method thereof and vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114368324A CN114368324A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
| CN114368324B true CN114368324B (en) | 2024-04-02 |
Family
ID=81143887
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210055259.0A Active CN114368324B (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Fuel cell thermal management system, control method thereof and vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114368324B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115377454A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-22 | 晴空(重庆)动力科技有限公司 | A catalytic combustion fuel cell cold start system and method based on waste heat recovery |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004235075A (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-19 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell power generation system |
| WO2016013193A1 (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-01-28 | 株式会社デンソー | Vehicular air conditioning device |
| CN107431221A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2017-12-01 | 戴姆勒股份公司 | For cooling down the cooling device of fuel cell |
| CN109291830A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-01 | 吉林大学 | A fuel cell vehicle thermal management system and its control method |
| CN210120193U (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2020-02-28 | 北京新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage and supply system and vehicle with same |
| CN113119689A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-16 | 黄冈格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell heat management energy recycling system |
| CN113246807A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-13 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Thermal management system, method, vehicle and medium for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102692334B1 (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2024-08-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Thermal management system for fule cell vehicle |
-
2022
- 2022-01-18 CN CN202210055259.0A patent/CN114368324B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004235075A (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-19 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell power generation system |
| WO2016013193A1 (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-01-28 | 株式会社デンソー | Vehicular air conditioning device |
| CN107431221A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2017-12-01 | 戴姆勒股份公司 | For cooling down the cooling device of fuel cell |
| CN109291830A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-01 | 吉林大学 | A fuel cell vehicle thermal management system and its control method |
| CN210120193U (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2020-02-28 | 北京新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen storage and supply system and vehicle with same |
| CN113119689A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-16 | 黄冈格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell heat management energy recycling system |
| CN113246807A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-13 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Thermal management system, method, vehicle and medium for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114368324A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111342081B (en) | Waste heat management system of fuel cell | |
| CN109291830B (en) | Fuel cell automobile thermal management system and control method thereof | |
| CN113071376B (en) | Vehicle fuel cell thermal management system and control method thereof | |
| WO2020233110A1 (en) | Heat management system of fuel cell vehicle having cold start function and control method therefor | |
| CN109244505A (en) | A kind of vehicle fuel battery heat management system and its control method | |
| CN111634212B (en) | Fuel cell automobile thermal management system, method, storage medium and automobile | |
| CN113978274A (en) | Plug-in fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle thermal management system and control method thereof | |
| CN109980246A (en) | Fuel cell car heat management system | |
| WO2013139104A1 (en) | Thermal management system for fuel cell, and fuel cell system and vehicle having same | |
| WO2008044446A1 (en) | Air conditioning control system | |
| CN109638314B (en) | Fuel cell air supply system and air supply method | |
| CN112208392A (en) | Hydrogen fuel cell automobile water heat management system and control method thereof | |
| CN109962268A (en) | Fuel cell car thermal management algorithm | |
| CN109638386B (en) | Automobile and heating and power battery heating system and method | |
| JP2010267471A (en) | Device for control of cooling water temperature in fuel cell system | |
| CN110649283A (en) | Fuel cell system and low-temperature starting method thereof | |
| CN209096524U (en) | A fuel cell vehicle thermal management system | |
| CN113942368A (en) | Cab heating system, control method thereof and vehicle thermal management system | |
| JP4984808B2 (en) | Air conditioning control system | |
| CN114883611B (en) | Fuel cell low-temperature start control system and method | |
| CN114368324B (en) | Fuel cell thermal management system, control method thereof and vehicle | |
| CN210866371U (en) | Fuel cell heating system | |
| CN210006830U (en) | kinds of fuel cell emergency purging system and fuel cell system | |
| CN114475147A (en) | Hybrid electric vehicle thermal management system and control method thereof | |
| CN210245633U (en) | Emergency purging system for fuel cell and fuel cell system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |