CN114322888B - Drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method - Google Patents
Drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114322888B CN114322888B CN202111454727.3A CN202111454727A CN114322888B CN 114322888 B CN114322888 B CN 114322888B CN 202111454727 A CN202111454727 A CN 202111454727A CN 114322888 B CN114322888 B CN 114322888B
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 37
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 11
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method, and belongs to the technical field of displacement monitoring. The method comprises the following specific steps: drilling holes, namely drilling holes on the ground surface through drilling equipment to form migration monitoring holes; step two, installing an anchoring claw, wherein the rear end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a steel strand of a winch device, the front end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a plastic pipe by a sleeve and a bolt, and the upper end of the steel strand is fixedly arranged on the winch device; positioning the anchoring claw, wherein the anchoring claw is lowered through the plastic pipe, the winch device drives the steel strand to be unreeled, and the position of the anchoring claw is determined by recording the length of the lowered plastic pipe; the capacity of the device for adapting to complex geological conditions is improved, meanwhile, the traction rope is connected with the ground surface monitoring device, so that data can be directly read and stored, data transmission loss caused by optical fiber cutting is avoided, and the cost of data monitoring is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of displacement monitoring, in particular to a drilling deep-section type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method.
Background
Coal mines are areas where mankind is mining coal resources in coal-rich mining areas, and are generally classified into underground coal mines and open pit coal mines. When the coal seam is far from the earth surface, coal is generally selected to be extracted from underground mining roadways, which is an underground coal mine. When the distance between the coal seam and the ground surface is very short, the earth surface soil layer is generally stripped directly to excavate coal, and the coal is an open pit coal mine. Most of coal mines in China belong to underground coal mines. Coal mine range includes large areas of above-ground and below-ground and related facilities. Coal mines are reasonable spaces that humans excavate when mining coal-rich geologic formations, and generally include roadways, shaft pits, and face formations, among others.
At present, optical fiber equipment is used for data monitoring in the research of subsidence of the ground surface of a coal mine and migration of rock stratum in a large amount, light has good tensile property, but in the data monitoring of subsidence of drilling rock stratum on the ground surface of the coal mine, shearing damage is very easy to occur when the influence of the material characteristics of the light is encountered on the weakness of the rock stratum or relative dislocation of rock mass between layers, so that data is lost, and the data monitoring cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects, the application provides a drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method, which aims to solve the problems that the influence of the material characteristics of light rays is very easy to generate shearing damage when encountering rock stratum weaknesses or relative dislocation of interlayer rock mass, so that data is lost, and the data monitoring cost is increased.
The embodiment of the application provides a drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method, which comprises the following specific steps of:
drilling holes, namely drilling holes on the ground surface through drilling equipment to form migration monitoring holes;
step two, installing an anchoring claw, wherein the rear end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a steel strand of a winch device, the front end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a plastic pipe by a sleeve and a bolt, and the upper end of the steel strand is fixedly arranged on the winch device;
positioning an anchoring claw, namely lowering the anchoring claw through a plastic pipe, driving a steel strand to unwind by a winch device, driving the anchoring claw to move into an migration monitoring hole, and determining the position of the anchoring claw by recording the length of the lowered plastic pipe;
reinforcing the monitoring points, determining the measuring points after the anchoring claws are mounted at the preset positions, pouring concrete mortar into the drilled holes, and firmly mounting the measuring points;
step five, connecting the acquisition instrument, sleeving a stand column with an acquisition instrument base on a drilling sleeve, and connecting a power line and a steel strand to the acquisition instrument base from the bottom of the stand column;
step six, connecting the counter weights, sequentially installing the steel strands at each measuring point on a winch device, connecting the tail ends of the steel strands to the counter weights, and dropping each counter weight into the migration monitoring hole in a staggered manner;
and seventhly, monitoring the displacement of the base point, arranging a stay wire type displacement meter in the displacement monitoring hole, leading out the upper end of a stay wire of the displacement meter from the inside of the sleeve, fixing the tail end of the stay wire on a directional wheel on the ground, connecting the end head with a balance weight, and pulling the extension of the measuring wire and recording by the displacement meter when the deep anchoring point moves.
In a specific embodiment, in the fifth step, the prefabricated formwork is sleeved on the upright post, and concrete is poured into the formwork to form the station base.
In a specific embodiment, the plastic tube is one of a PVC-U tube, a PVC-M tube, and a PVC-O tube.
In a specific embodiment, the counter weight is a 5kg counter weight.
In a specific embodiment, the pull-wire type displacement meter in the seventh step adopts a WEP-M-2000MM-MA displacement sensor.
In a specific embodiment, the pull wire length of the pull wire displacement meter connection is greater than the depth of the migration monitoring aperture.
In a specific embodiment, the winch device comprises a bottom plate, a moving wheel, a rotating plate, a machine body, a winch, a first hinging seat, a supporting rod, two guide wheels and an adjusting component, wherein the moving wheel is fixedly installed on the bottom plate, the rotating plate is rotatably installed on the bottom plate through a bearing, the machine body is fixedly installed on the rotating plate, the winch is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the machine body, the first hinging seat is fixedly installed on the side face of the rotating plate, the supporting rod is hinged on the first hinging seat, the two guide wheels are rotatably installed on the supporting rod through bearings respectively, and two ends of the adjusting component are respectively fixed on the rotating plate and the supporting rod.
In the realization process, the bottom plate is convenient to move through the movable wheel, the rotation direction of the machine body is convenient to adjust through the rotating plate, the position of the steel strand on the winch is adjusted, the support rod is convenient to rotate through the first hinge seat, the height of the guide wheel is adjusted, the convenience of adjusting the support rod is improved through the adjusting component, and the labor intensity is reduced.
In a specific embodiment, the rotating plate is connected with a first fluted disc, the bottom plate is fixedly provided with an L-shaped plate, the L-shaped plate is provided with a servo motor, the output shaft of the servo motor is provided with a second fluted disc, and the first fluted disc is meshed with the second fluted disc.
In the implementation process, the second fluted disc arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor is meshed with the first fluted disc connected with the rotating plate, so that the angle of the rotating plate is convenient to adjust.
In a specific embodiment, the L-shaped plate is provided with triangular reinforcing ribs.
In the implementation process, the triangular reinforcing rib plates are beneficial to improving the structural strength of the L-shaped plate.
In a specific embodiment, the adjusting component comprises two second hinge seats and an electric push rod, the two second hinge seats are respectively fixed on the rotating plate and the supporting rod, and two ends of the electric push rod are both hinged on the two second hinge seats.
In the implementation process, the two ends of the electric push rod are hinged to the two second hinging seats, and the telescopic length of the output shaft of the electric push rod is adjusted, so that the angle of the support rod is adjusted.
Advantageous effects
In the drilling deep-separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method, the traction of the measuring point equipment is carried out through the high-strength and high-toughness steel wire rope, so that the capability of the equipment for adapting to complex geological conditions is improved, meanwhile, the traction rope is connected with the ground surface monitoring equipment, data can be directly read and stored, the loss of data transmission caused by optical fiber cutting is avoided, and the cost of data monitoring is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a winch apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of a winch apparatus according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 3 at a.
In the figure: 1. a bottom plate; 2. a moving wheel; 3. a rotating plate; 4. a body; 5. a winch; 6. a first hinge base; 7. a support rod; 8. a guide wheel; 9. an adjustment assembly; 91. the second hinge seat; 92. an electric push rod; 10. a first toothed disc; 11. an L-shaped plate; 12. a servo motor; 13. a second toothed disc; 14. triangular reinforcing rib plates.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the application, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the application, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the application provides a method for monitoring displacement of deep separation type multi-base points of a drilling hole, which comprises the following specific steps:
drilling holes, namely drilling holes on the ground surface through drilling equipment to form migration monitoring holes;
step two, installing an anchoring claw, wherein the rear end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a steel strand of a winch device, the front end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a plastic pipe by a sleeve and a bolt, and the upper end of the steel strand is fixedly arranged on the winch device;
positioning an anchoring claw, namely lowering the anchoring claw through a plastic pipe, driving a steel strand to unwind by a winch device, driving the anchoring claw to move into an migration monitoring hole, and determining the position of the anchoring claw by recording the length of the lowered plastic pipe;
reinforcing the monitoring points, determining the measuring points after the anchoring claws are mounted at the preset positions, pouring concrete mortar into the drilled holes, and firmly mounting the measuring points;
step five, connecting the acquisition instrument, sleeving a stand column with an acquisition instrument base on a drilling sleeve, and connecting a power line and a steel strand to the acquisition instrument base from the bottom of the stand column;
step six, connecting the counter weights, sequentially installing the steel strands at each measuring point on a winch device, connecting the tail ends of the steel strands to the counter weights, and dropping each counter weight into the migration monitoring hole in a staggered manner;
and seventhly, monitoring the displacement of the base point, arranging a stay wire type displacement meter in the displacement monitoring hole, leading out the upper end of a stay wire of the displacement meter from the inside of the sleeve, fixing the tail end of the stay wire on a directional wheel on the ground, connecting the end head with a balance weight, and pulling the extension of the measuring wire and recording by the displacement meter when the deep anchoring point moves.
In a specific embodiment, in the fifth step, the prefabricated formwork is sleeved on the upright posts, and concrete is poured into the formwork to form the station measuring base.
In this embodiment, the plastic tube is one of a PVC-U tube, a PVC-M tube and a PVC-O tube.
In the scheme of the application, the counter weight is 5 kg.
In a specific embodiment, the pull-wire type displacement meter in the seventh step adopts a WEP-M-2000MM-MA displacement sensor.
When the device is specifically arranged, the length of a stay wire connected with the stay wire type displacement meter is larger than the depth of the migration monitoring hole.
In this embodiment, winch device includes bottom plate 1, remove round 2, rotating plate 3, organism 4, capstan winch 5, first articulated seat 6, bracing piece 7, two leading wheels 8 and adjusting part 9, remove round 2 fixed mounting on bottom plate 1, rotating plate 3 passes through the bearing rotation and installs on bottom plate 1, organism 4 fixed mounting is on rotating plate 3, capstan winch 5 fixed mounting is on the output shaft of organism 4, first articulated seat 6 fixed mounting is on the side of rotating plate 3, bracing piece 7 articulates on first articulated seat 6, two leading wheels 8 pass through the bearing rotation respectively and install on bracing piece 7, adjusting part 9's both ends are fixed respectively on rotating plate 3 and bracing piece 7, make things convenient for bottom plate 1 to remove through removing round 2, conveniently adjust organism 4 rotation direction through rotating plate 3, thereby adjust the position of steel strand wires on capstan winch 5, make things convenient for bracing piece 7 to rotate through first articulated seat 6, thereby adjust the height of leading wheel 8, the convenience of adjusting part 9 has improved adjusting part 7, labor intensity has been reduced.
In a specific embodiment, the rotating plate 3 is connected with a first fluted disc 10, the bottom plate 1 is fixedly provided with an L-shaped plate 11, the L-shaped plate 11 is provided with a servo motor 12, the output shaft of the servo motor 12 is provided with a second fluted disc 13, the first fluted disc 10 is meshed with the second fluted disc 13, and the second fluted disc 13 arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor 12 is meshed with the first fluted disc 10 connected with the rotating plate 3, so that the angle of the rotating plate 3 is convenient to adjust.
In the present embodiment, the triangular reinforcing ribs 14 are installed on the L-shaped plate 11, and the structural strength of the L-shaped plate 11 is advantageously improved by the triangular reinforcing ribs 14.
When specifically setting up, adjusting part 9 includes two second articulated seat 91 and an electric putter 92, and two second articulated seat 91 are fixed respectively on rotor plate 3 and bracing piece 7, and electric putter 92's both ends all articulate on two second articulated seat 91, all articulate on two second articulated seat 91 through electric putter 92's both ends, adjust electric putter 92 output shaft's flexible length to adjust bracing piece 7's angle.
The working principle of the drilling deep-separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method is as follows: when the device is used, the ground surface is drilled through drilling equipment to form an migration monitoring hole, the rear end of an anchoring claw is fixed on a steel strand of a winch device, the front end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a plastic pipe through a sleeve and a bolt, the upper end of the steel strand is fixedly arranged on the winch device, the anchoring claw is lowered through the plastic pipe, the winch device drives the steel strand to unwind, the anchoring claw is driven to move into the migration monitoring hole, the length of the released plastic pipe is recorded to determine the position of the anchoring claw, after the anchoring claw is arranged at a preset position, a measuring point is determined, concrete mortar is poured into the drilling hole, the mounting is firm, a stand column with a base of an acquisition instrument is sleeved on the sleeve of the drilling hole, a power line and the steel strand are connected onto the base of the acquisition instrument from the bottom of the stand column, the steel strands of each measuring point are sequentially arranged on the winch device, and the tail ends of the steel strands are connected onto balance weights, and each balance weight is lowered into the migration monitoring hole; and a stay wire type displacement meter is arranged in the migration monitoring hole, the upper end of a stay wire of the displacement meter is led out from the inside of the sleeve, the tail end of the stay wire is fixed on a directional wheel on the ground, the end head is connected with a balance weight, and when a deep anchoring point moves, the stay wire is pulled to stretch and is recorded by the displacement meter.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The method for detecting the displacement of the deep separation type multi-base point of the drilling hole is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
drilling holes, namely drilling holes on the ground surface through drilling equipment to form migration detection holes;
step two, installing an anchoring claw, wherein the rear end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a steel strand of a winch device, the front end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a plastic pipe by a sleeve and a bolt, and the upper end of the steel strand is fixedly arranged on the winch device;
thirdly, positioning an anchoring claw, namely lowering the anchoring claw through a plastic pipe, driving a steel strand to unwind by a winch device, driving the anchoring claw to move into an migration detection hole, and determining the position of the anchoring claw through recording the length of the lowered plastic pipe;
fourthly, reinforcing detection points, determining the detection points after the anchor claws are mounted at the preset positions, pouring concrete mortar into the drilled holes, and firmly mounting the detection points;
step five, connecting the acquisition instrument, sleeving a stand column with an acquisition instrument base on a drilling sleeve, and connecting a power line and a steel strand to the acquisition instrument base from the bottom of the stand column;
step six, connecting the counter weights, sequentially installing the steel strands at each measuring point on a winch device, connecting the tail ends of the steel strands to the counter weights, and dropping each counter weight into the migration detection hole in a staggered manner;
step seven, detecting the displacement of the base point, arranging a stay wire type displacement meter in a displacement detection hole, leading out the upper end of a stay wire of the displacement meter from the inside of the sleeve, fixing the tail end of the stay wire on a directional wheel on the ground, connecting a balance weight with the tail end, and pulling the extension of the measuring wire and recording by the displacement meter when the deep anchoring point moves;
the winch device comprises a bottom plate (1), a movable wheel (2), a rotating plate (3), a machine body (4), a winch (5), a first hinging seat (6), two guide wheels (8) and an adjusting component (9), wherein the movable wheel (2) is fixedly installed on the bottom plate (1), the rotating plate (3) is rotatably installed on the bottom plate (1) through a bearing, the machine body (4) is fixedly installed on the rotating plate (3), the winch (5) is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the machine body (4), the first hinging seat (6) is fixedly installed on the side face of the rotating plate (3), the supporting rod (7) is hinged on the first hinging seat (6), the two guide wheels (8) are rotatably installed on the supporting rod (7) through bearings, and two ends of the adjusting component (9) are respectively fixed on the rotating plate (3) and the supporting rod (7).
2. The method for detecting displacement of deep separated multiple foundation points of a drilled hole according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, a prefabricated formwork is sleeved on the upright post, and concrete is poured into the formwork to form a station measuring base.
3. The method for detecting displacement of deep separation type multiple base points of a drilled hole according to claim 1, wherein the plastic pipe is one of a PVC-U pipe, a PVC-M pipe and a PVC-O pipe.
4. The method for detecting the displacement of the deep separation type multi-base points of the drill hole according to claim 1, wherein the counter weight is 5 kg.
5. The method for detecting displacement of deep separated multi-base points of a drilled hole according to claim 1, wherein the stay wire type displacement meter in the seventh step is a WEP-M-2000MM-MA type displacement sensor.
6. The method for detecting displacement of deep separated multi-base points of a drilled hole according to claim 5, wherein the length of a stay wire connected with the stay wire type displacement meter is larger than the depth of the displacement detection hole.
7. The drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement detection method according to claim 1, wherein a first fluted disc (10) is connected to the rotating plate (3), an L-shaped plate (11) is fixedly installed on the bottom plate (1), a servo motor (12) is installed on the L-shaped plate (11), a second fluted disc (13) is installed on an output shaft of the servo motor (12), and the first fluted disc (10) is meshed with the second fluted disc (13).
8. The drilling deep separation type multi-base point displacement detection method according to claim 7, wherein triangular reinforcing rib plates (14) are mounted on the L-shaped plate (11).
9. The drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement detection method according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting assembly (9) comprises two second hinging seats (91) and an electric push rod (92), the two second hinging seats (91) are respectively fixed on the rotating plate (3) and the supporting rod (7), and two ends of the electric push rod (92) are hinged on the two second hinging seats (91).
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| CN202111454727.3A CN114322888B (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method |
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