CN114231999A - Forming process of hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing - Google Patents
Forming process of hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing Download PDFInfo
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- CN114231999A CN114231999A CN202111572899.0A CN202111572899A CN114231999A CN 114231999 A CN114231999 A CN 114231999A CN 202111572899 A CN202111572899 A CN 202111572899A CN 114231999 A CN114231999 A CN 114231999A
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- tool steel
- soaking
- steel
- sand blasting
- hydrochloric acid
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- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 84
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 34
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 32
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000870 Weathering steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021386 carbon form Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZLANVVMKMCTKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanidylidynevanadium(1+) Chemical class [V+]#[C-] ZLANVVMKMCTKMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
- B24C1/086—Descaling; Removing coating films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a forming process of hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing, which comprises the following steps: sand blasting treatment: performing sand blasting treatment on the raw material tool steel 6145 by using a coiled sand blasting machine, wherein the sand blasting treatment is used for removing an oxide layer on the surface of the raw material tool steel 6145 and performing surface stress relief treatment; acid pickling and phosphating: placing the tool steel 6145 subjected to sand blasting in a weak acid solution, a medium acid solution and a strong acid solution in sequence for soaking, then cleaning by using clear water, soaking the cleaned tool steel 6145 in phosphate, a saponification solution and lime in sequence, and then hanging out for drying; drawing and forming: and (4) conveying the tool steel 6145 processed in the step two to a hanging type drawing machine to draw and form the tool steel of the hexagonal wrench. The forming process omits a spheroidizing annealing process, reduces energy consumption, reduces carbon emission, reduces the steps of the forming process, shortens the construction period and reduces the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to tool steel forming, in particular to a forming process of hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing.
Background
The tool steel is a kind of alloy steel, 6145 is a kind of tool steel, and is a high-grade steel for manufacturing tools. 6145 tool steel is used as steel material for manufacturing tools, and is used for manufacturing special tools such as hexagonal heads, inner hexagonal wrenches, screwdrivers and the like of various electric tools with high quality requirements. At present, spheroidizing annealing treatment is required in the forming process of tool steel, and the process is complex, long in time and high in energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides the forming process of the hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing, which omits the step of spheroidizing annealing, shortens the construction period, reduces the cost and achieves the effects of energy saving and carbon reduction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a forming process of hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sand blasting treatment: performing sand blasting treatment on the raw material tool steel 6145 by using a coiled sand blasting machine, wherein the sand blasting treatment is used for removing an oxide layer on the surface of the raw material tool steel 6145 and performing surface stress relief treatment;
step two: acid pickling and phosphating: placing the tool steel 6145 subjected to sand blasting in a low-concentration hydrochloric acid solution, a medium-concentration hydrochloric acid solution and a high-concentration hydrochloric acid solution in sequence for soaking, then cleaning by using clear water, soaking the cleaned tool steel 6145 in phosphate, saponification liquid and lime water in sequence, and then hanging out for drying;
step three: drawing and forming: and (4) conveying the tool steel 6145 processed in the step two to a hanging type drawing machine to draw and form the tool steel of the hexagonal wrench.
Preferably, in the step one, six spray heads are used for purging the steel shots, the purging amount is 220-260kg/h, the rotation frequency of the main shaft of the coiled sand blasting machine is 8-15rpm/min, the shot blasting diffusion angle is 90 degrees, the sand blasting time is 10-20min, and the diameter of the raw material tool steel 6145 is 9 mm.
Preferably, in the step one, the purging amount is 240kg/h, the rotation frequency of the main shaft of the coil blasting machine is 10rpm/min, and the blasting time is 15 min.
Preferably, in the second step, the low-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 8-15min, the medium-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 3-8min, the high-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 2-5min, the phosphate solution is used for soaking for 8-15min, the saponification solution is used for soaking for 0.5-1.5min, and the lime water is used for soaking for 0.5-1.5 min.
Preferably, in the second step, the low-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 10min, the medium-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 5min, the high-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 3min, the phosphate solution is used for soaking for 10min, the saponification solution is used for soaking for 1min, and the lime water is used for soaking for 1 min.
Preferably, in the second step, the mass percent concentration of the high-concentration hydrochloric acid is 25-30%, the mass percent concentration of the medium-concentration hydrochloric acid is 15-18%, the mass percent concentration of the low-concentration hydrochloric acid is less than 15%, and the hexagonal wrench tool steel is equilateral hexagonal wrench tool steel with a diameter of 7 mm.
Preferably, in the step one, the chemical composition and mass percentage of the raw material tool steel 6145 include: c: 0.43-0.47%, Si: 0.15-0.35%, Mn: 0.6-0.9%, P is less than or equal to 0.25%, S is less than or equal to 0.25%, Cr: 0.5-0.7%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.2%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.25%, V: 0.1-0.15%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements.
Preferably, in the step one, the chemical composition and mass percentage of the raw material tool steel 6145 include: c: 0.44-0.45%, Si: 0.2-0.21%, Mn: 0.69%, P: 0.16-0.19%, S: 0.03%, Cr: 0.55-0.59%, Ni: 0.01%, Cu: 0.02%, V: 0.12% and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the surface of the product is phosphated to form a phosphate chemical conversion film, and the formed phosphate chemical conversion film is called as a phosphating film, so that the protection is provided for the base metal, and the metal is prevented from being corroded to a certain extent; the friction lubrication is reduced in the metal cold drawing processing technology; the lime water further improves the lubricity of the product, is beneficial to 90-degree bending of the hexagonal wrench, and has good surface lubrication performance, so that the condition of cracking is not easy to occur
2) In the forming process, the carbon element of the tool steel 6145 is reduced to be below the lower limit specified by the product industry, in the steel rolling process, the cooling speed is slowed down, the bainite and austenite proportion is improved, the extensibility of a product is better, the steel surface is subjected to stress relief treatment by shot blasting, and a phosphorization film process is added, so that the extensibility and the surface lubricity of the tool steel are improved, the subsequent 90-degree bending treatment is facilitated, and the treated tool steel meets the requirements of the cold bending processing performance of a client and the hardness and toughness of the product; the forming process omits a spheroidizing annealing process, reduces energy consumption, reduces carbon emission, reduces the steps of the forming process, shortens the construction period, reduces the cost and achieves the effects of energy saving and carbon reduction, thereby improving the added value of products and the international competitiveness.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that, for example, the embodiments of the application described herein may be performed in an order other than those described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
A forming process of hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sand blasting treatment: performing sand blasting treatment on the raw material tool steel 6145 by using a coiled sand blasting machine, wherein the sand blasting treatment is used for removing an oxide layer on the surface of the raw material tool steel 6145 and performing surface stress relief treatment;
step two: acid pickling and phosphating: placing the tool steel 6145 subjected to sand blasting in a low-concentration hydrochloric acid solution, a medium-concentration hydrochloric acid solution and a high-concentration hydrochloric acid solution in sequence for soaking, then cleaning by using clear water, soaking the cleaned tool steel 6145 in phosphate, saponification liquid and lime water in sequence, and then hanging out for drying; the acid pickling phosphating treatment is a process for forming a phosphate chemical conversion film through chemical and electrochemical reactions, and the formed phosphate chemical conversion film is called a phosphating film and specifically comprises the following steps: place the tool steel in the hydrochloric acid solution and soak, it can let carbon precipitate simultaneously to get rid of surperficial cinder, form the carbon-coat on the metal steel surface, this carbon-coat has good adhesive action to the phosphate, produce the zinc phosphate layer through follow-up phosphate treatment and form the phosphating coat on the product surface promptly, this phosphating coat can adsorb closely on the wire rod surface, provide the protection for the base member and increased surperficial lubricating property, lime wash has further improved the lubricity of product, be favorable to 90 bending of hexagonal spanner, because its surface lubrication performance is good, consequently, the condition of fracture is difficult to take place.
Step three: drawing and forming: and (4) conveying the tool steel 6145 processed in the step two to a hanging type drawing machine to draw and form the tool steel of the hexagonal wrench. In the forming process, the carbon element of the tool steel 6145 is reduced to be below the lower limit specified by the product industry, in the steel rolling process, the cooling speed is slowed down, the bainite and austenite proportion is improved, the extensibility of a product is better, the steel surface is subjected to stress relief treatment by shot blasting, and a phosphorization film process is added, so that the extensibility and the surface lubricity of the tool steel are improved, the subsequent 90-degree bending treatment is facilitated, and the treated tool steel meets the requirements of the cold bending processing performance of a client and the hardness and toughness of the product; the forming process omits a spheroidizing annealing process, reduces energy consumption, reduces carbon emission, reduces the steps of the forming process, shortens the construction period, reduces the cost and achieves the effects of energy saving and carbon reduction, thereby improving the added value of products and the international competitiveness.
In the first step, six spray heads are used for purging the steel shots, the purging amount is 220-260kg/h, the rotation frequency of a main shaft of the coiled sand blasting machine is 8-15rpm/min, the shot blasting diffusion angle is 90 degrees, the sand blasting time is 10-20min, and the diameter of the raw material tool steel 6145 is 9 mm; further, the purging amount was 240kg/h, the rotation frequency of the main shaft of the coil blasting machine was 10rpm/min, and the blasting time was 15 min. Under the condition, the effects of removing the oxide scale on the steel surface and removing the stress are optimal, the sand blasting time of the tool steel 6145 is prolonged by 5min compared with the treatment time of other tool steels, and the purpose is to enable the crystal boundary of the metal love surface to be finer and tighter so as to avoid the crystal boundary cracking between crystal lattices during bending.
In the second step, the low-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 8-15min, the medium-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 3-8min, the high-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 2-5min, the phosphate solution is used for soaking for 8-15min, the saponification solution is used for soaking for 0.5-1.5min, the lime water is used for soaking for 0.5-1.5min, further, the low-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 10min, the medium-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 5min, the high-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 3min, the phosphate solution is used for soaking for 10min, the saponification solution is used for soaking for 1min, and the lime water is used for soaking for 1 min. The surface acid washing treatment mainly aims to remove residual oxide scales, increase the generation of negative charge difference on the surface and facilitate the coiling of a phosphating film by electrochemical reaction.
In the second step, the mass percent concentration of the high-concentration hydrochloric acid is 25-30%, the mass percent concentration of the medium-concentration hydrochloric acid is 15-18%, the mass percent concentration of the low-concentration hydrochloric acid is less than 15%, and the hexagonal wrench tool steel is equilateral hexagonal wrench tool steel with the diameter of 7 mm. More preferably, the concentration of the high-concentration hydrochloric acid is 25%, the concentration of the medium-concentration hydrochloric acid is 18%, and the concentration of the low-concentration hydrochloric acid is 12%, the hydrochloric acid is mainly used for removing oxide skin on the surface of the base material, negative charges are generated, the amount of generated negative charges cannot be too much or too little, and if the amount of generated negative charges is too little, the phosphate adhesion effect is poor, so that a good lubricating effect cannot be generated; if the negative charge is too much, the negative charge reacts with phosphate violently, so that the surface is too rough and the attachment of the phosphate is not facilitated, the base material is soaked in hydrochloric acid with three concentrations in sequence after the test is carried out, the reasonable soaking time is controlled, the obtained negative charge amount is moderate, namely, the biting amount of the base material surface is moderate, the surface roughness is fine, and the attachment of the phosphate is utilized.
In the first step, the raw material tool steel 6145 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.43-0.47%, Si: 0.15-0.35%, Mn: 0.6-0.9%, P is less than or equal to 0.25%, S is less than or equal to 0.25%, Cr: 0.5-0.7%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.2%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.25%, V: 0.1-0.15%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements. The carbon element content of the raw material tool steel is below 0.47%, so that the raw material tool steel meets the product industry standard, the environmental pollution is reduced, in the steel rolling process, the cooling speed is slowed down, the ratio of bainite to austenite is improved, and the extensibility of a product is better.
Further, in the step one, the chemical components and mass percentages of the raw material tool steel 6145 include: c: 0.44-0.45%, Si: 0.2-0.21%, Mn: 0.69%, P: 0.16-0.19%, S: 0.03%, Cr: 0.55-0.59%, Ni: 0.01%, Cu: 0.02%, V: 0.12% and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements.
The interstitial solid solution formed by dissolving carbon in alpha-Fe is called ferrite and has the characteristics of good plasticity, low strength and low hardness; the interstitial solid solution formed by dissolving carbon in gamma-Fe is named as austenite, and has the characteristics of good plasticity, strength and hardness slightly higher than those of ferrite and no magnetism; if the solubility of carbon is too high, cementite can be formed, and the existence of the cementite can improve the hardness and the wear resistance of the alloy, so that the plasticity and the toughness of the alloy are reduced; effect of carbon on mechanical properties: carbon affects the hardness, wear resistance, toughness and hardenability of steel, and improves the strength and hardness of steel, forms carbide with alloy elements, and under normal austenitizing conditions, the carbide is often insufficiently dissolved and diffused, so that the stability of austenite is reduced and the hardenability is poor. The carbon content is increased, the toughness of the steel is reduced, and the excessively high carbon content is unfavorable, but the carbon content is excessively low, the hardenability of the steel is poor, and the wear resistance is low;
SI silicon is used as an alloy element in steel, the mass percentage of the SI silicon is generally not less than 0.4 percent, the SI silicon exists in ferrite or austenite in a solid solution form, and an austenite phase region is reduced; the annealing, normalizing and quenching temperatures are increased, and the hardenability is improved in the hypoeutectoid steel; silicon can not form carbide, has strong function of promoting graphitization of carbon, and is easy to graphitize under a certain temperature condition in medium carbon and high carbon steel with higher silicon content if the medium carbon and the high carbon steel do not contain strong carbide forming elements; in carburization, silicon reduces carburized layer thickness and carbon concentration; the silicon has good deoxidation effect on the molten steel;
effect of SI on mechanical properties of steel: the hardness and strength of ferrite and austenite are improved, and the effect is stronger than that of Mn, Ni, Cr, W, Mo, V and the like; obviously improving the elastic limit, the yield strength and the yield ratio of the steel, and improving the fatigue strength and the fatigue ratio; when the mass fraction of silicon exceeds 3%, the plasticity and toughness of the steel are remarkably reduced; silicon raises the ductile-brittle transition temperature; silicon tends to form a banded structure in the steel, making the transverse properties lower than the longitudinal properties;
mn is a good deoxidizer and desulfurizer; manganese sharply reduces Ar1 and martensite transformation temperature (second only to carbon) of the steel and the transformation rate in the steel, improves the hardenability of the steel, and increases the content of retained austenite; the quenched and tempered structure of the steel is uniform and refined, the aggregation and blocking of carbides in the carburized layer are changed, and the high overheating sensitivity and the tempering brittleness tendency are increased; manganese is a weak carbide former;
effect of Mn manganese on mechanical properties of steel: the manganese strengthening ferrite or austenite has no effect on ductility while enhancing strength as compared with carbon, phosphorus and silicon; manganese can refine pearlite, the strength of the low-carbon pearlite steel and the medium-carbon pearlite steel is obviously improved, and the ductility is reduced; the mechanical property of the quenched and tempered sorbite steel is improved by improving the hardenability; under the premise of strictly controlling the heat treatment process and avoiding the growth of crystal grains and the temper brittleness during overheating, the manganese can not reduce the toughness of the steel;
p phosphorus is a harmful impurity element in the conventional steel, but is a useful element for the weathering steel, and when the phosphorus in the weathering steel accounts for 0.04-0.15% by mass, P and Cu are added into the steel simultaneously, so that the inner rust layer is obviously banded, and the corrosion resistance of the steel is improved;
s sulfur can improve the cutting processing performance of steel in steel, and sulfur element is added in the steel. The sulfide shows beneficial effect in a certain range, the S content is increased from 0.0008 percent to 0.013 percent to 0.018 percent by mass, and the fatigue performance can be obviously improved along with the increase of the sulfur;
cr and Cr: cr and Fe form a continuous solid solution to reduce an austenite phase region, chromium and carbon form various carbides, the affinity with carbon is higher than that of iron and manganese and lower than that of tungsten, molybdenum and the like, and Cr and Fe can form an intermetallic compound sigma phase (FeCr); cr reduces the carbon concentration in pearlite and the limiting solubility of carbon in austenite; the austenite decomposition rate is slowed down, the hardenability of the steel is obviously improved, and the temper brittleness tendency of the steel is also increased.
Effect of Cr chromium on mechanical properties of steel: the strength and the hardness of the steel are improved, and meanwhile, when other alloy elements are added, the effect is obvious; obviously improves the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the steel; in the Fe — Cr alloy containing a high amount of chromium, if the σ phase is precipitated, the impact toughness is rapidly lowered.
The effect of Cr chromium on the physical, chemical and technological properties of steel: the wear resistance of the steel is improved, and a lower surface roughness value is easily obtained through grinding; the conductivity of the steel is reduced, and the resistance temperature coefficient is reduced; the coercive force and residual magnetic induction of the steel are improved, and the method is widely used for manufacturing permanent magnet steel; chromium promotes the surface of the steel to form a passive film, and when a certain content of Cr exists, the corrosion resistance of the steel (particularly nitric acid) is obviously improved;
ni and Ni: nickel and iron can be in infinite solid solution, and nickel expands the austenite zone of iron, namely, raises the A4 point and lowers the A3 point, so that the nickel is the main alloy element for forming and stabilizing austenite; the critical transition temperature is reduced, the diffusion rate of each element in the steel is reduced, and the hardenability is improved; the carbon content of the eutectoid pearlite is reduced, and the effect is stronger than that of nitrogen only than that of manganese. Half as much manganese acts in lowering the martensitic transformation temperature;
effect of Ni nickel on mechanical properties of steel: strengthening ferrite, thinning and increasing pearlite, improving the strength of steel and not obviously influencing the plasticity of the steel; the carbon content of the nickel-containing steel can be properly reduced, so that the toughness and the plasticity can be improved; the fatigue resistance of the steel is improved, and the sensitivity of the steel to the notch is reduced;
cu, which is an element for expanding an austenite phase region, but has low solid solubility in iron, and does not form carbide with carbon; the influence of copper on critical temperature and hardenability and the solid solution strengthening effect of copper are similar to those of nickel, and can be used for replacing a part of nickel;
effect of Cu copper on mechanical properties of steel: the strength, particularly the yield ratio, of the steel is improved; with the increase of the copper content, the room temperature impact toughness of the steel is slightly improved; copper also improves the fatigue strength of the steel;
effect of Cu on physical, chemical and technological properties of steel: the addition of a small amount of copper into the steel can improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of low-alloy structural steel and rail steel, the effect is more obvious when the copper is used in combination with phosphorus, and the copper does not obviously improve the soil and seawater corrosion resistance of the steel. Copper also can slightly improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the steel; the fluidity of the molten steel is improved, and the casting performance is facilitated;
v vanadium, V and Fe form a continuous solid solution, and an austenite phase region is strongly reduced; vanadium has strong affinity with carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, and mainly exists in the form of carbide, nitride or oxide in steel; the hardenability of the steel can be adjusted by controlling the austenitizing temperature to change the content of vanadium in austenite, the quantity of undissolved carbide and the actual grain size of the steel; because vanadium forms stable and refractory carbide, the steel still keeps a fine crystalline structure at higher temperature, and the overheating sensitivity of the steel is greatly reduced.
Effect of vanadium V on mechanical properties of steel: a small amount of vanadium can refine steel grains, increase toughness and is particularly beneficial to low-temperature steel; higher vanadium levels lead to lower strength when aggregated carbides are present; precipitation of carbides in the crystal reduces room temperature toughness; when proper treatment is carried out to ensure that carbide is dispersed and separated out, vanadium can improve the high-temperature endurance strength and creep resistance of steel; vanadium carbides are the hardest and most wear resistant of the metal carbides. The dispersed vanadium carbide improves the hardness and wear resistance of the tool steel.
The effect of V vanadium on the physical, chemical and technological properties of steel is that vanadium is added into high-iron nickel alloy, and after proper heat treatment, the magnetic permeability can be improved. Vanadium is added into the permanent magnet steel, so that the magnetic coercive force can be improved; the addition of vanadium in sufficient quantity to fix carbon in vanadium carbide can greatly increase the stability of steel to hydrogen under high temperature and high pressure, and its strong action is similar to that of Nb, Zr and Ti. In the stainless acid-resistant steel, vanadium can improve the performance of resisting intergranular corrosion, but the effect is not as remarkable as that of Ti and Nb; the vanadium-containing steel obviously increases the deformation resistance when the processing temperature is lower; vanadium improves the weldability of steel.
Therefore, the contents of alloy elements such as C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Ni, Cu, V, etc. are reasonably controlled, and the low-temperature controlled rolling and cooling control processes of a steel mill are combined to obtain high-quality tool steel 6145.
The chemical composition of the raw tool steel 6145 was analyzed and the results are shown in table 1;
table 1: chemical composition List of tool Steel 6145
| Element(s) | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Cu | V |
| Content (a) of | 0.44 | 0.20 | 0.69 | 0.18 | 0.03 | 0.58 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.12 |
Example 1:
the method comprises the following steps: sand blasting treatment: carrying out sand blasting on the raw material tool steel 6145 by using a coiled sand blasting machine, wherein the sand blasting is used for removing an oxide layer on the surface of the raw material tool steel 6145 and carrying out surface stress relief treatment, steel shot blowing is carried out by using six spray heads, the blowing amount is 220kg/h, the rotation frequency of a main shaft of the coiled sand blasting machine is 8rpm/min, the shot blasting diffusion angle is 90 degrees, the sand blasting time is 10min, and the diameter of the raw material tool steel 6145 is 9 mm;
step two: acid pickling and phosphating: placing the tool steel 6145 subjected to sand blasting in a weak acid solution for soaking for 8min, a medium acid solution for soaking for 3min and a strong acid solution for soaking for 2min, removing alkalinity by using three pools of clear water, sequentially soaking the tool steel 6145 in a phosphate for 8min, a saponification solution for soaking for 0.5min and lime for 0.5min, and hanging out and airing;
step three: drawing and forming: and (4) conveying the tool steel 6145 processed in the step two to a hanging type drawing machine to draw and form the tool steel of the hexagonal wrench.
Example 2:
the method comprises the following steps: sand blasting treatment: carrying out sand blasting on the raw material tool steel 6145 by using a coiled sand blasting machine, wherein the sand blasting is used for removing an oxide layer on the surface of the raw material tool steel 6145 and carrying out surface stress relief treatment, steel shot blowing is carried out by using six spray heads, the blowing amount is 240kg/h, the rotation frequency of a main shaft of the coiled sand blasting machine is 10rpm/min, the shot blasting diffusion angle is 90 degrees, the sand blasting time is 15min, and the diameter of the raw material tool steel 6145 is 9 mm;
step two: acid pickling and phosphating: placing the tool steel 6145 subjected to sand blasting in a weak acid solution for soaking for 10min, a medium acid solution for soaking for 5min and a strong acid solution for soaking for 3min, removing alkalinity by using three pools of clear water, sequentially soaking the tool steel 6145 in phosphate for 10min, a saponification solution for 1min and lime for 1min, and hanging out and airing;
step three: drawing and forming: and (4) conveying the tool steel 6145 processed in the step two to a hanging type drawing machine to draw and form the tool steel of the hexagonal wrench.
Example 3:
the method comprises the following steps: sand blasting treatment: carrying out sand blasting on the raw material tool steel 6145 by using a coiled sand blasting machine, wherein the sand blasting is used for removing an oxide layer on the surface of the raw material tool steel 6145 and carrying out surface stress relief treatment, steel shot blowing is carried out by using six spray heads, the blowing amount is 260kg/h, the rotation frequency of a main shaft of the coiled sand blasting machine is 15rpm/min, the shot blasting diffusion angle is 90 degrees, the sand blasting time is 20min, and the diameter of the raw material tool steel 6145 is 9 mm;
step two: acid pickling and phosphating: placing the tool steel 6145 subjected to sand blasting in a weak acid solution for soaking for 15min, a medium acid solution for soaking for 8min and a strong acid solution for soaking for 5min, removing alkalinity by using three pools of clear water, sequentially soaking the tool steel 6145 in a phosphate for 15min, a saponification solution for 1.5min and lime for 1.5min, and hanging out and airing;
step three: drawing and forming: and (4) conveying the tool steel 6145 processed in the step two to a hanging type drawing machine to draw and form the tool steel of the hexagonal wrench.
The tool steel 6145 treated in the embodiments 1 to 3 meets the requirements of cold-bending processability and product hardness and toughness.
It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A forming process of hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sand blasting treatment: performing sand blasting treatment on the raw material tool steel 6145 by using a coiled sand blasting machine, wherein the sand blasting treatment is used for removing an oxide layer on the surface of the raw material tool steel 6145 and performing surface stress relief treatment;
step two: acid pickling and phosphating: placing the tool steel 6145 subjected to sand blasting in a low-concentration hydrochloric acid solution, a medium-concentration hydrochloric acid solution and a high-concentration hydrochloric acid solution in sequence for soaking, then cleaning by using clear water, soaking the cleaned tool steel 6145 in phosphate, saponification liquid and lime water in sequence, and then hanging out for drying;
step three: drawing and forming: and (4) conveying the tool steel 6145 processed in the step two to a hanging type drawing machine to draw and form the tool steel of the hexagonal wrench.
2. The forming process of the hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, six nozzles are used for purging the steel shots, the purging amount is 220-260kg/h, the rotation frequency of a main shaft of the coiled sand blasting machine is 8-15rpm/min, the shot blasting diffusion angle is 90 degrees, the sand blasting time is 10-20min, and the diameter of the raw material tool steel 6145 is 9 mm.
3. The forming process of the hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the first step, the purging amount is 240kg/h, the rotation frequency of the main shaft of the coil sand blasting machine is 10rpm/min, and the sand blasting time is 15 min.
4. The forming process of the hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the low-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 8-15min, the medium-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 3-8min, the high-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 2-5min, the phosphate solution is used for soaking for 8-15min, the saponification solution is used for soaking for 0.5-1.5min, and the lime water is used for soaking for 0.5-1.5 min.
5. The forming process of the hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the second step, the low-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 10min, the medium-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 5min, the high-concentration hydrochloric acid is used for soaking for 3min, the phosphate solution is used for soaking for 10min, the saponification solution is used for soaking for 1min, and the lime water is used for soaking for 1 min.
6. The forming process of the hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the second step, the mass percent concentration of the high-concentration hydrochloric acid is 25-30%, the mass percent concentration of the medium-concentration hydrochloric acid is 15-18%, the mass percent concentration of the low-concentration hydrochloric acid is less than 15%, and the hexagonal wrench tool steel is equilateral hexagonal wrench tool steel with the diameter of 7 mm.
7. The forming process of the hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the raw material tool steel 6145 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.43-0.47%, Si: 0.15-0.35%, Mn: 0.6-0.9%, P is less than or equal to 0.25%, S is less than or equal to 0.25%, Cr: 0.5-0.7%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.2%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.25%, V: 0.1-0.15%, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements.
8. The forming process of the hexagonal wrench tool steel 6145 without spheroidizing annealing according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the first step, the raw material tool steel 6145 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.44-0.45%, Si: 0.2-0.21%, Mn: 0.69%, P: 0.16-0.19%, S: 0.03%, Cr: 0.55-0.59%, Ni: 0.01%, Cu: 0.02%, V: 0.12% and the balance of iron and inevitable impurity elements.
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