CN114227181A - Machining method for automobile air conditioner compressor piston - Google Patents
Machining method for automobile air conditioner compressor piston Download PDFInfo
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- CN114227181A CN114227181A CN202111669272.7A CN202111669272A CN114227181A CN 114227181 A CN114227181 A CN 114227181A CN 202111669272 A CN202111669272 A CN 202111669272A CN 114227181 A CN114227181 A CN 114227181A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/10—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass pistons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of a piston of an automobile air conditioner compressor, which comprises the following steps: s1, forging: s2, machining: s3, surface treatment: removing oil and dirt; phosphating; washing and drying; and (3) graphite spraying: and (3) sending the piston into a novel three-window spraying machine to plate a graphite coating on the surface of the piston, wherein the three-window spraying machine comprises a circular support, a spray head, a conveying crawler and an elastic chuck clamp. The piston welding adopts the vacuum electron beam welding process technology, has the advantages of high power density, large depth-to-width ratio, small deformation of a welding area, low energy consumption, easy control, realization of automation and the like, and simultaneously adopts the electron beam continuous welding technology, thereby greatly improving the welding efficiency and the welding product quality and effectively reducing the product cost; the piston spraying of the invention adopts a novel spraying process technology, adopts three-window simultaneous spraying, can finish the spraying operation of a single piston only by circulating once, obviously improves the production efficiency and greatly reduces the production takt of the single piston.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy piston production and processing, in particular to a processing method of an automobile air conditioner compressor piston.
Background
The aluminum alloy piston is used as a typical automobile key part, is not only used for an engine of an automobile, but also used for an automobile air conditioner compressor, has strong technological characteristics in the aspect of cutting machining, and generally forms a machining production line by a general machine tool and special equipment combined with the technological characteristics of the piston in the domestic piston manufacturing industry, so that the special equipment becomes the key equipment for cutting machining of the piston, and the function and the precision of the special equipment directly influence the quality index of the key characteristics of a final product. The welding and spraying cost of the automobile air conditioner compressor piston in the market is high during production and processing, and meanwhile, the problem of low production efficiency exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method of an automobile air conditioner compressor piston, which solves the problems that the welding and spraying cost of the automobile air conditioner compressor piston in the current market is high during production and processing, and the production efficiency is low.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a processing method of a piston of an automobile air conditioner compressor comprises the following steps:
s1, forging:
firstly, cutting an aluminum bar at a fixed distance by a cutting machine to obtain a plurality of aluminum bar sections with two different sizes, wherein one section is used for processing a piston main body, and the other section is used for processing a piston skirt part;
secondly, the aluminum bar section is sent into an induction heating furnace to be heated to 300-400 ℃;
thirdly, performing shot blasting treatment on the heated aluminum bar section, throwing small steel shots or small iron shots out by using a high-speed rotating impeller through a shot blasting machine to impact the surface of the aluminum bar section at a high speed, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum bar section;
fourthly, feeding the aluminum bar material section into a forging machine for forging to respectively obtain rough blanks of the piston main body and the piston skirt;
s2, machining:
firstly, milling holes in the piston main body through a milling machine, machining a piston ball pit, milling grooves in the outer surface of the piston main body, forming a plurality of annular grooves, and forming a welding groove in the connecting end of the piston main body and the piston skirt;
secondly, a connecting ring is arranged inside the connecting end of the piston skirt and the piston main body through a milling machine;
thirdly, the piston skirt part and the piston main body are butted together up and down, so that the connecting ring is sleeved in the welding groove and then is sent into a vacuum electron beam welding room for welding connection;
s3, surface treatment:
oil removal and decontamination: placing the piston into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, cleaning for 1-2min at the water temperature of 65-85 ℃, and removing oil stains and waste dust on the surface of the piston;
(II) phosphating treatment: soaking the piston in the aluminum alloy phosphating solution at normal temperature for 1-3 min;
(III) washing and drying;
(IV) graphite spraying: send into the piston in novel three-window flush coater, make its surface plate graphite coating, three-window flush coater includes circular support, shower nozzle, conveying track and collet anchor clamps, the intermediate position of three-window flush coater rotates and installs circular support, three shower nozzle has been run through to the outward flange of three-window flush coater, and three form the regular triangle structure between the shower nozzle, three-window flush coater's inside is run through has conveying track, collet anchor clamps are installed to the symmetry around the surface of conveying track.
Preferably, the cutting machine in the step S1 adopts an aluminum alloy saw blade, and the induction heating furnace adopts an infrared thermometer to measure the surface temperature of the aluminum bar section.
Preferably, the piston ball pit is machined in step S2 by using a symmetrical double-edged diamond ball cutter.
Preferably, the piston skirt portion further comprises a U-shaped connecting seat, and the U-shaped connecting seat and the piston skirt portion are integrally formed by forging and pressing.
Preferably, the conveying crawler further comprises a circulating crawler, the circulating crawler is of a circular ring-shaped structure in shape, and the circulating crawler is meshed and connected with the circular support.
Preferably, the collet fixture is further provided with a pressure detection ring and a pressure sensor, the collet fixture is far away from one end of the conveying track, the pressure detection ring is installed at one end of the conveying track, and the pressure sensor is embedded in the pressure detection ring.
Preferably, the collet fixture further comprises a plastic sleeve, and the plastic sleeve is wrapped on the outer side of the collet fixture and connected with the collet fixture in a sleeved mode.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the elastic chuck clamp comprises a bearing seat, a stepping motor and a flange connecting disc, wherein the bearing seat is installed at the tail end of the elastic chuck clamp, the flange connecting disc is installed at one end, far away from the elastic chuck clamp, of the bearing seat, and the stepping motor is installed inside the flange connecting disc.
Preferably, the elastic chuck clamp is fixed with the conveying track through the flange connecting disc, and the stepping motor and the elastic chuck clamp form an elastic structure through a coupler.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the piston welding adopts a vacuum electron beam welding process technology, under the vacuum condition, an electron beam emitted from an electron gun is focused into an electron beam with high energy density through an electromagnetic lens under the high-voltage acceleration, when the electron beam bombards a workpiece, the kinetic energy of the electron is converted into heat energy, and the local temperature of a welding area can be suddenly raised to more than 6000 ℃, so that the workpiece material is locally melted to realize the welding;
the piston spraying adopts a novel spraying process technology of once-circulating and three-time spraying, and three-window simultaneous spraying is adopted, so that the spraying operation of a single piston can be completed only by circulating once, the spraying production efficiency is obviously improved, and the production beat of the single piston is greatly reduced;
the piston spraying machine adopts the spring chuck clamp, so that the piston can be greatly conveniently charged and discharged, conditions are created for automatic piston spraying operation, and the plastic sleeve is arranged at the head of the spring chuck, so that only the plastic sleeve needs to be replaced during cleaning, and the cleaning difficulty of paint spraying on the surface of the piston clamp is greatly reduced;
the symmetrical double-edge diamond ball cutter is adopted for processing the piston ball pit, so that the service life of the ball cutter is obviously prolonged, the service life of the ball cutter is prolonged after grinding, the processing cost of the piston ball pit is greatly reduced, the manufacturing quality of a product is guaranteed, and the piston ball pit processing method has a good market prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a piston assembly in elevation in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a front cross section of the triple window coating machine of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the collet chuck of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a piston body; 11. a piston ball pit; 12. a ring groove; 13. welding a groove; 2. a piston skirt; 21. a connecting ring; 22. a U-shaped connecting seat; 3. a three-window sprayer; 4. a circular support; 5. a spray head; 6. a conveying crawler; 61. circulating the caterpillar tracks; 7. an elastic chuck clamp; 71. a pressure detection ring; 72. a pressure sensor; 8. a plastic sheath; 9. a bearing seat; 10. a stepping motor; 11. and (4) connecting a flange.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In a first embodiment, please refer to fig. 1-3, a method for processing a piston of a compressor of an air conditioner of an automobile includes the following steps:
s1, forging:
firstly, cutting an aluminum bar at a fixed distance by a cutting machine, wherein the cutting machine adopts an aluminum alloy saw blade to obtain a plurality of aluminum bar sections with two different sizes, one section is used for processing a piston main body 1, and the other section is used for processing a piston skirt part 2;
secondly, the aluminum bar section is sent into an induction heating furnace to be heated to 350 ℃, and the induction heating furnace adopts an infrared thermometer to measure the surface temperature of the aluminum bar section to be more accurately sensed;
thirdly, performing shot blasting treatment on the heated aluminum bar section, throwing small steel shots or small iron shots out by using a high-speed rotating impeller through a shot blasting machine to impact the surface of the aluminum bar section at a high speed, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum bar section;
fourthly, feeding the aluminum bar material section into a forging machine for forging to respectively obtain rough blanks of the piston main body 1 and the piston skirt 2;
s2, machining:
firstly, milling holes in the piston main body 1 by a milling machine, machining a piston ball pit 11 by adopting a symmetrical double-edge diamond ball cutter, milling grooves in the outer surface of the piston main body 1, forming a plurality of annular grooves 12, and forming a welding groove 13 in the connecting end between the piston main body 1 and the piston skirt 2;
secondly, a connecting ring 21 is arranged inside the connecting end of the piston skirt 2 and the piston main body 1 through a milling machine; thirdly, the piston skirt 2 and the piston main body 1 are butted together up and down, so that the connecting ring 21 is sleeved in the welding groove 13 and then is sent into a vacuum electron beam welding room for welding connection;
s3, surface treatment:
oil removal and decontamination: placing the piston into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, cleaning for 1.5min at the water temperature of 75 ℃, and removing oil stains and waste dust on the surface of the piston;
(II) phosphating treatment: soaking the piston in the aluminum alloy phosphating solution at normal temperature for 2 min;
(III) washing and drying;
(IV) graphite spraying: the piston is sent into a novel three-window spraying machine 3 to plate a graphite coating on the surface of the piston, the three-window spraying machine 3 comprises a circular support 4, spray heads 5, a conveying crawler 6 and elastic chuck clamps 7, the circular support 4 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the three-window spraying machine 3, the three spray heads 5 penetrate through the outer edge of the three-window spraying machine 3, a regular triangle structure is formed among the three spray heads 5, the conveying crawler 6 penetrates through the three-window spraying machine 3, the elastic chuck clamps 7 are symmetrically arranged in front of and behind the surface of the conveying crawler 6, the piston welding adopts a vacuum electron beam welding process technology, under the vacuum condition, an electron beam emitted from an electron gun is focused into an electron beam with high energy density through an electromagnetic lens under the acceleration of high voltage, when the electron beam bombards a workpiece, the kinetic energy of the electron is converted into heat energy, the local temperature of a welding area can be suddenly increased to more than 6000 ℃, the welding device has the advantages of large power density, large depth-to-width ratio, small deformation of a welding area, low energy consumption, easiness in control, automation realization and the like, and meanwhile, the electron beam continuous welding technology is adopted, so that the welding efficiency and the welding product quality are greatly improved, and the product cost is effectively reduced;
the piston skirt 2 also comprises a U-shaped connecting seat 22, the U-shaped connecting seat 22 and the piston skirt 2 are integrally forged and formed, the U-shaped connecting seat 22 is arranged to increase the density of the piston when the piston is subjected to cavity removal, so that the strength is higher, the conveying crawler 6 also comprises a circulating crawler 61, the appearance structure of the circulating crawler 61 is a circular structure, and the circulating crawler 61 is meshed and connected with the circular support 4, the piston spraying adopts a novel spraying process technology of once-circulating and three-time spraying, three-window simultaneous spraying is adopted, the spraying operation of a single piston can be completed only by circulating once, the production efficiency of spraying is obviously improved, the production takt of the single piston is greatly reduced, the elastic chuck clamp 7 also comprises a pressure detection ring 71 and a pressure sensor 72, one end of the elastic chuck clamp 7, which is far away from the conveying crawler 6, is provided with the pressure detection ring 71, and the pressure sensor 72 is embedded in the pressure detection ring 71, the elastic chuck clamp 7 also comprises a plastic sleeve 8, the plastic sleeve 8 is wrapped outside the elastic chuck clamp 7 and is in sleeve connection with the elastic chuck clamp 7, the spring chuck clamp 7 is adopted in the invention, the charging and discharging of a piston are greatly facilitated, conditions are created for automatic piston spraying operation, the plastic sleeve 8 is arranged at the head of the spring chuck, only the plastic sleeve 8 needs to be replaced during cleaning, the cleaning difficulty of spray paint on the surface of the piston clamp is greatly reduced, a bearing seat 9, a stepping motor 10 and a flange connecting disc 11 are arranged at the tail end of the elastic chuck clamp 7, a flange connecting disc 11 is arranged at one end of the bearing seat 9 far away from the elastic chuck clamp 7, the stepping motor 10 is arranged inside the flange connecting disc 11, the elastic chuck clamp 7 is fixed with a conveying crawler 6 through the flange connecting disc 11, and the stepping motor 10 forms an elastic structure with the elastic chuck clamp 7 through a coupler, the elastic chuck clamp 7 is arranged to rotate, so that the spraying angle of the piston can be conveniently adjusted, and the coating can be sprayed more uniformly.
In a second embodiment, referring to fig. 1-3, a method for processing a piston of an automotive air conditioner compressor includes the following steps:
s1, forging:
firstly, cutting an aluminum bar at a fixed distance by a cutting machine, wherein the cutting machine adopts an aluminum alloy saw blade to obtain a plurality of aluminum bar sections with two different sizes, one section is used for processing a piston main body 1, and the other section is used for processing a piston skirt part 2;
secondly, the aluminum bar section is sent into an induction heating furnace to be heated to 300 ℃, and the induction heating furnace adopts an infrared thermometer to measure the surface temperature of the aluminum bar section to be more accurately sensed;
thirdly, performing shot blasting treatment on the heated aluminum bar section, throwing small steel shots or small iron shots out by using a high-speed rotating impeller through a shot blasting machine to impact the surface of the aluminum bar section at a high speed, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum bar section;
fourthly, feeding the aluminum bar material section into a forging machine for forging to respectively obtain rough blanks of the piston main body 1 and the piston skirt 2;
s2, machining:
firstly, milling holes in the piston main body 1 by a milling machine, machining a piston ball pit 11 by adopting a symmetrical double-edge diamond ball cutter, milling grooves in the outer surface of the piston main body 1, forming a plurality of annular grooves 12, and forming a welding groove 13 in the connecting end between the piston main body 1 and the piston skirt 2;
secondly, a connecting ring 21 is arranged inside the connecting end of the piston skirt 2 and the piston main body 1 through a milling machine; thirdly, the piston skirt 2 and the piston main body 1 are butted together up and down, so that the connecting ring 21 is sleeved in the welding groove 13 and then is sent into a vacuum electron beam welding room for welding connection;
s3, surface treatment:
oil removal and decontamination: placing the piston into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, cleaning for 1min at the water temperature of 65 ℃, and removing oil stains and waste dust on the surface of the piston;
(II) phosphating treatment: soaking the piston in the aluminum alloy phosphating solution at normal temperature for 1 min;
(III) washing and drying;
(IV) graphite spraying: the piston is sent into a novel three-window spraying machine 3 to plate a graphite coating on the surface of the piston, the three-window spraying machine 3 comprises a circular support 4, spray heads 5, a conveying crawler 6 and elastic chuck clamps 7, the circular support 4 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the three-window spraying machine 3, the three spray heads 5 penetrate through the outer edge of the three-window spraying machine 3, a regular triangle structure is formed among the three spray heads 5, the conveying crawler 6 penetrates through the three-window spraying machine 3, the elastic chuck clamps 7 are symmetrically arranged in front of and behind the surface of the conveying crawler 6, the piston welding adopts a vacuum electron beam welding process technology, under the vacuum condition, an electron beam emitted from an electron gun is focused into an electron beam with high energy density through an electromagnetic lens under the acceleration of high voltage, when the electron beam bombards a workpiece, the kinetic energy of the electron is converted into heat energy, the local temperature of a welding area can be suddenly increased to more than 6000 ℃, the welding device has the advantages of large power density, large depth-to-width ratio, small deformation of a welding area, low energy consumption, easiness in control, automation realization and the like, and meanwhile, the electron beam continuous welding technology is adopted, so that the welding efficiency and the welding product quality are greatly improved, and the product cost is effectively reduced;
the piston skirt 2 also comprises a U-shaped connecting seat 22, the U-shaped connecting seat 22 and the piston skirt 2 are integrally forged and formed, the U-shaped connecting seat 22 is arranged to increase the density of the piston when the piston is subjected to cavity removal, so that the strength is higher, the conveying crawler 6 also comprises a circulating crawler 61, the appearance structure of the circulating crawler 61 is a circular structure, and the circulating crawler 61 is meshed and connected with the circular support 4, the piston spraying adopts a novel spraying process technology of once-circulating and three-time spraying, three-window simultaneous spraying is adopted, the spraying operation of a single piston can be completed only by circulating once, the production efficiency of spraying is obviously improved, the production takt of the single piston is greatly reduced, the elastic chuck clamp 7 also comprises a pressure detection ring 71 and a pressure sensor 72, one end of the elastic chuck clamp 7, which is far away from the conveying crawler 6, is provided with the pressure detection ring 71, and the pressure sensor 72 is embedded in the pressure detection ring 71, the elastic chuck clamp 7 also comprises a plastic sleeve 8, the plastic sleeve 8 is wrapped outside the elastic chuck clamp 7 and is in sleeve connection with the elastic chuck clamp 7, the spring chuck clamp 7 is adopted in the invention, the charging and discharging of a piston are greatly facilitated, conditions are created for automatic piston spraying operation, the plastic sleeve 8 is arranged at the head of the spring chuck, only the plastic sleeve 8 needs to be replaced during cleaning, the cleaning difficulty of spray paint on the surface of the piston clamp is greatly reduced, a bearing seat 9, a stepping motor 10 and a flange connecting disc 11 are arranged at the tail end of the elastic chuck clamp 7, a flange connecting disc 11 is arranged at one end of the bearing seat 9 far away from the elastic chuck clamp 7, the stepping motor 10 is arranged inside the flange connecting disc 11, the elastic chuck clamp 7 is fixed with a conveying crawler 6 through the flange connecting disc 11, and the stepping motor 10 forms an elastic structure with the elastic chuck clamp 7 through a coupler, the elastic chuck clamp 7 is arranged to rotate, so that the spraying angle of the piston can be conveniently adjusted, and the coating can be sprayed more uniformly.
In a third embodiment, referring to fig. 1-3, a method for processing a piston of an automotive air conditioner compressor includes the following steps:
s1, forging:
firstly, cutting an aluminum bar at a fixed distance by a cutting machine, wherein the cutting machine adopts an aluminum alloy saw blade to obtain a plurality of aluminum bar sections with two different sizes, one section is used for processing a piston main body 1, and the other section is used for processing a piston skirt part 2;
secondly, the aluminum bar section is sent into an induction heating furnace to be heated to 400 ℃, and the induction heating furnace adopts an infrared thermometer to measure the surface temperature of the aluminum bar section to be more accurately sensed;
thirdly, performing shot blasting treatment on the heated aluminum bar section, throwing small steel shots or small iron shots out by using a high-speed rotating impeller through a shot blasting machine to impact the surface of the aluminum bar section at a high speed, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum bar section;
fourthly, feeding the aluminum bar material section into a forging machine for forging to respectively obtain rough blanks of the piston main body 1 and the piston skirt 2;
s2, machining:
firstly, milling holes in the piston main body 1 by a milling machine, machining a piston ball pit 11 by adopting a symmetrical double-edge diamond ball cutter, milling grooves in the outer surface of the piston main body 1, forming a plurality of annular grooves 12, and forming a welding groove 13 in the connecting end between the piston main body 1 and the piston skirt 2;
secondly, a connecting ring 21 is arranged inside the connecting end of the piston skirt 2 and the piston main body 1 through a milling machine; thirdly, the piston skirt 2 and the piston main body 1 are butted together up and down, so that the connecting ring 21 is sleeved in the welding groove 13 and then is sent into a vacuum electron beam welding room for welding connection;
s3, surface treatment:
oil removal and decontamination: placing the piston into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, cleaning for 2min at the water temperature of 85 ℃, and removing oil stains and waste dust on the surface of the piston;
(II) phosphating treatment: soaking the piston in the aluminum alloy phosphating solution at normal temperature for 3 min;
(III) washing and drying;
(IV) graphite spraying: the piston is sent into a novel three-window spraying machine 3 to plate a graphite coating on the surface of the piston, the three-window spraying machine 3 comprises a circular support 4, spray heads 5, a conveying crawler 6 and elastic chuck clamps 7, the circular support 4 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the three-window spraying machine 3, the three spray heads 5 penetrate through the outer edge of the three-window spraying machine 3, a regular triangle structure is formed among the three spray heads 5, the conveying crawler 6 penetrates through the three-window spraying machine 3, the elastic chuck clamps 7 are symmetrically arranged in front of and behind the surface of the conveying crawler 6, the piston welding adopts a vacuum electron beam welding process technology, under the vacuum condition, an electron beam emitted from an electron gun is focused into an electron beam with high energy density through an electromagnetic lens under the acceleration of high voltage, when the electron beam bombards a workpiece, the kinetic energy of the electron is converted into heat energy, the local temperature of a welding area can be suddenly increased to more than 6000 ℃, the welding device has the advantages of large power density, large depth-to-width ratio, small deformation of a welding area, low energy consumption, easiness in control, automation realization and the like, and meanwhile, the electron beam continuous welding technology is adopted, so that the welding efficiency and the welding product quality are greatly improved, and the product cost is effectively reduced;
the piston skirt 2 also comprises a U-shaped connecting seat 22, the U-shaped connecting seat 22 and the piston skirt 2 are integrally forged and formed, the U-shaped connecting seat 22 is arranged to increase the density of the piston when the piston is subjected to cavity removal, so that the strength is higher, the conveying crawler 6 also comprises a circulating crawler 61, the appearance structure of the circulating crawler 61 is a circular structure, and the circulating crawler 61 is meshed and connected with the circular support 4, the piston spraying adopts a novel spraying process technology of once-circulating and three-time spraying, three-window simultaneous spraying is adopted, the spraying operation of a single piston can be completed only by circulating once, the production efficiency of spraying is obviously improved, the production takt of the single piston is greatly reduced, the elastic chuck clamp 7 also comprises a pressure detection ring 71 and a pressure sensor 72, one end of the elastic chuck clamp 7, which is far away from the conveying crawler 6, is provided with the pressure detection ring 71, and the pressure sensor 72 is embedded in the pressure detection ring 71, the elastic chuck clamp 7 also comprises a plastic sleeve 8, the plastic sleeve 8 is wrapped outside the elastic chuck clamp 7 and is in sleeve connection with the elastic chuck clamp 7, the spring chuck clamp 7 is adopted in the invention, the charging and discharging of a piston are greatly facilitated, conditions are created for automatic piston spraying operation, the plastic sleeve 8 is arranged at the head of the spring chuck, only the plastic sleeve 8 needs to be replaced during cleaning, the cleaning difficulty of spray paint on the surface of the piston clamp is greatly reduced, a bearing seat 9, a stepping motor 10 and a flange connecting disc 11 are arranged at the tail end of the elastic chuck clamp 7, a flange connecting disc 11 is arranged at one end of the bearing seat 9 far away from the elastic chuck clamp 7, the stepping motor 10 is arranged inside the flange connecting disc 11, the elastic chuck clamp 7 is fixed with a conveying crawler 6 through the flange connecting disc 11, and the stepping motor 10 forms an elastic structure with the elastic chuck clamp 7 through a coupler, the elastic chuck clamp 7 is arranged to rotate, so that the spraying angle of the piston can be conveniently adjusted, and the coating can be sprayed more uniformly.
Claims (9)
1. The processing method of the automobile air conditioner compressor piston is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, forging:
firstly, cutting an aluminum bar at a certain distance by a cutting machine to obtain a plurality of aluminum bar sections with two different sizes, wherein one section is used for processing a piston main body (1), and the other section is used for processing a piston skirt part (2);
secondly, the aluminum bar section is sent into an induction heating furnace to be heated to 300-400 ℃;
thirdly, performing shot blasting treatment on the heated aluminum bar section, throwing small steel shots or small iron shots out by using a high-speed rotating impeller through a shot blasting machine to impact the surface of the aluminum bar section at a high speed, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum bar section;
fourthly, feeding the aluminum bar material section into a forging machine for forging to respectively obtain rough blanks of the piston main body (1) and the piston skirt part (2);
s2, machining:
firstly, milling holes in the piston main body (1) through a milling machine to form a piston ball pit (11), milling grooves in the outer surface of the piston main body (1) to form a plurality of ring grooves (12), and then forming a welding groove (13) in the connecting end of the piston main body (1) and the piston skirt portion (2);
secondly, a connecting ring (21) is arranged inside the connecting end of the piston skirt (2) and the piston main body (1) through a milling machine;
thirdly, the piston skirt part (2) and the piston main body (1) are butted together up and down, so that the connecting ring (21) is sleeved in the welding groove (13), and then the piston skirt part and the piston main body are sent into a vacuum electron beam welding room for welding connection;
s3, surface treatment:
oil removal and decontamination: placing the piston into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, cleaning for 1-2min at the water temperature of 65-85 ℃, and removing oil stains and waste dust on the surface of the piston;
(II) phosphating treatment: soaking the piston in the aluminum alloy phosphating solution at normal temperature for 1-3 min;
(III) washing and drying;
(IV) graphite spraying: send into novel three window flush coater (3) with the piston in, make its surface plate graphite coating, three window flush coater (3) include circular support (4), shower nozzle (5), conveying track (6) and collet fixture (7), the intermediate position of three window flush coater (3) is rotated and is installed circular support (4), the outward flange of three window flush coater (3) runs through there are three shower nozzle (5), and three form the regular triangle structure between shower nozzle (5), the inside of three window flush coater (3) runs through there is conveying track (6), collet fixture (7) are installed to the symmetry around the surface of conveying track (6).
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cutting machine in step S1 uses an aluminum alloy saw blade, and the induction heating furnace uses an infrared thermometer to measure the surface temperature of the aluminum bar.
3. The processing method of the automobile air conditioner compressor piston as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing of the piston ball pit (11) in the step S2 adopts a symmetrical double-edged diamond ball cutter.
4. The processing method of the automobile air conditioner compressor piston as claimed in claim 1, wherein the piston skirt portion (2) further comprises a U-shaped connecting seat (22), and the U-shaped connecting seat (22) and the piston skirt portion (2) are integrally formed by forging and pressing.
5. The processing method of the automobile air conditioner compressor piston as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conveying track (6) further comprises an endless track (61), the outer shape of the endless track (61) is a circular ring structure, and the endless track (61) is engaged with the circular bracket (4).
6. The processing method of the automobile air conditioner compressor piston as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic chuck clamp (7) further comprises a pressure detection ring (71) and a pressure sensor (72), the pressure detection ring (71) is installed at one end of the elastic chuck clamp (7) far away from the conveying crawler (6), and the pressure sensor (72) is embedded in the pressure detection ring (71).
7. The processing method of the automobile air conditioner compressor piston as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic chuck clamp (7) further comprises a plastic sleeve (8), and the plastic sleeve (8) wraps the outer side of the elastic chuck clamp (7) and is in sleeved connection with the elastic chuck clamp (7).
8. The processing method of the automobile air conditioner compressor piston as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: bearing frame (9), step motor (10) and flange connection pad (11), bearing frame (9) are installed to the tail end of collet anchor clamps (7), bearing frame (9) are kept away from flange connection pad (11) are installed to the one end of collet anchor clamps (7), the internally mounted of flange connection pad (11) has step motor (10).
9. The method for processing the piston of the automobile air conditioner compressor is characterized in that the elastic chuck clamp (7) is fixed with the conveying crawler (6) through the flange connection disc (11), and the stepping motor (10) forms an elastic structure with the elastic chuck clamp (7) through a coupler.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111669272.7A CN114227181A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Machining method for automobile air conditioner compressor piston |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111669272.7A CN114227181A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Machining method for automobile air conditioner compressor piston |
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| CN114227181A true CN114227181A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
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| CN202111669272.7A Pending CN114227181A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Machining method for automobile air conditioner compressor piston |
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