CN114127350A - 低迳流气流成网的非织造材料 - Google Patents
低迳流气流成网的非织造材料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114127350A CN114127350A CN202080051952.XA CN202080051952A CN114127350A CN 114127350 A CN114127350 A CN 114127350A CN 202080051952 A CN202080051952 A CN 202080051952A CN 114127350 A CN114127350 A CN 114127350A
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Abstract
提供了具有低迳流的非织造材料及其制造方法。这样的非织造材料可以是吸收剂,并且在其一个或多个表面上包括三维图案。这样的材料可以是气流成网的,并且可以包括多层,其包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维。该非织造材料的迳流百分比可以小于约5%。
Description
交叉参考的相关申请
本申请要求2019年5月30日提交的美国临时申请号62/854,546的优先权权益,其内容整体上通过参考引入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及非织造材料及其制造方法。这样的非织造材料可以是吸收剂,并且有利地提供了低迳流。更具体地,这样的结构在其一个或多个表面上包括三维图案。
背景技术
非织造结构在宽范围的消费品中是重要的,例如吸收剂制品,包括小儿尿布、成人失禁用产品、卫生巾等。在某些非织造制品中,经常存在吸收剂芯来接收和保持体液。吸收剂芯通常位于液体可透过的顶片(它的作用是允许流体通过到该芯)和液体不可透过的底片(它的作用是包纳该流体和防止它穿过吸收剂制品到达该吸收剂制品的穿戴者的衣服)之间。在某些非织造制品中,导流层(ADL)可以与吸收剂芯组合使用。
这样的非织造结构具有迳流性能。迳流反映了流体例如月经或尿液在该流体被吸收剂完全俘获之前,在吸收剂材料表面上流动的倾向。这会导致从最终的吸收剂产品例如女性卫生巾、卫生护垫、成人失禁装置等的不期望的泄露。
一直渴望和存在着提供这样的非织造材料的需要,其具有低迳流特性,来减少或防止不期望的泄露,同时表现出期望的液体俘获、分布和存储特性。本发明解决了这些和其他的需要。
发明内容
本发明提供了改进的非织造材料,其有利地具有低迳流。这样的非织造材料可以包含至少一个成三维图案的表面。
本发明提供了气流成网的非织造材料。这样的材料可以包含第一层和第二层。第一层可以包含双组分纤维。第二层可以与第一层相邻布置,并且包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维。第二层可以用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上,并且第二层的至少一部分可以是成图案的。该非织造材料的迳流百分比可以小于约5%。
在某些实施方案中,第二层的图案结构可以包含交替的凸脊和凹谷,并且凸脊的基重可以高于凹谷。凸脊的宽度可以是约2mm至约4mm,和凹谷的宽度可以是约1mm至约2.5mm。
本发明提供了气流成网的非织造材料。这样的材料可以包含第一层、第二层和第三层。第一层可以包含双组分纤维。第二层可以与第一层相邻布置,并且可以包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维。第三层可以与第二层相邻布置,并且包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维。第三层可以用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。第一层和第三层的至少一个的至少一部分可以是成图案的。该非织造材料的迳流百分比可以小于约5%。
在某些实施方案中,第一层和第三层的至少一个的图案结构可以包含交替的凸脊和凹谷,并且凸脊的基重可以高于凹谷。凸脊的宽度可以是约2mm至约4mm,和凹谷的宽度可以是约1mm至约2.5mm。
本发明提供了气流成网的非织造材料。这样的材料可以包含第一层、第二层、第三层和超吸收剂聚合物层。第一层可以包含双组分纤维。第二层可以与第一层相邻布置,并且可以包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维。第三层可以与第二层相邻布置,并且可以包含桉树纤维和双组分纤维。超吸收剂聚合物层可以位于第二层和第三层之间。第三层可以用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。第一层的至少一部分可以是成图案的。该非织造材料的迳流百分比可以小于约5%。
在某些实施方案中,第一层的图案结构可以包含交替的凸脊和凹谷,并且凸脊的基重可以高于凹谷。凸脊的宽度可以是约2mm至约4mm,和凹谷的宽度可以是约1mm至约2.5mm。
本发明提供了气流成网的非织造材料。这样的材料可以包含第一层和第二层。第一层可以包含合成纤维。第二层可以与第一层相邻布置,并且包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维。该非织造材料可以在至少一个表面的至少一部分上成图案。该非织造材料的迳流百分比可以小于约5%。在具体的实施方案中,该非织造材料的迳流百分比可以小于约1%。
在某些实施方案中,该非织造材料可以进一步包含第三层。第三层可以与第二层相邻布置,并且包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维。
在某些实施方案中,该非织造材料可以包含超吸收剂聚合物层。超吸收剂聚合物层可以位于第二层和第三层之间。
在某些实施方案中,第二层可以用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。在可选的实施方案中,第三层可以用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。
在某些实施方案中,第三层的纤维素纤维可以包含桉树纤维。在某些实施方案中,第一层和第二层的合成纤维可以包含双组分纤维。
本发明提供了气流成网的非织造材料。这样的材料可以包含第一层、第二层和第三层。第一层可以包含合成纤维。第二层可以与第一层相邻布置,并且包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维。第三层可以与第二层相邻布置,并且包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维。该非织造材料可以在至少一个表面的至少一部分上是成图案的。该非织造材料的迳流百分比可以小于约5%。在具体实施方案中,该非织造材料的迳流百分比可以小于约1%。
在某些实施方案中,该非织造材料可以包含超吸收剂聚合物层。超吸收剂聚合物层可以位于第二层和第三层之间。
在某些实施方案中,第三层可以用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。在某些实施方案中,第三层的纤维素纤维可以包含桉树纤维。
本发明还提供了包含这样的非织造材料的吸收剂制品。
上文宽泛地概述了本发明的特征和技术优点,以便能够更好地理解下面的具体实施方式。
本申请另外的特征和优点将在下文描述,其形成了本申请权利要求书的主题。本领域技术人员应当会理解,公开的理念和具体实施方案可以作为基础,容易地用于改变或设计其他的结构来执行本申请的相同目的。本领域技术人员还应当会认识到,这样的等价构造不脱离所附权利要求书中阐述的本申请的主旨和范围。据信是本申请就它的组织和运行方法二者的特性的新颖特征与进一步的目标和优点将从下面的说明书中更好地理解。
附图说明
图1A示意性显示了如实施例1提供的根据某些非限定性实施方案制备的非织造材料的组成(结构2);
图1B示意性显示了如实施例1提供的根据某些非限定性实施方案制备的非织造材料的组成(结构4);
图1C示意性显示了如实施例1提供的根据某些非限定性实施方案制备的非织造材料的组成(结构5);
图1D示意性显示了如实施例1提供的根据某些非限定性实施方案制备的非织造材料的组成(结构7);
图2显示了根据实施例1和2的非织造材料(结构1和2)的迳流测试结果;
图3显示了根据实施例1和2的非织造材料(结构3-5)的迳流测试结果;
图4显示了根据实施例1和2的非织造材料(结构6-7)的迳流测试结果;和
图5显示了用成图案的成形线(例如Ribtech 84,Albany International,美国新罕布什尔州罗彻斯特)形成的非织造材料的示例性图像。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了具有低迳流的新颖非织造材料及其制造方法。本发明的非织造材料可以在其至少一个表面上包括图案,其令人惊讶地和有利地提供了具有低迳流的非织造材料。本发明的这些和其他方面在具体实施方式和实施例中更详细地讨论。
定义
本说明书中所用的术语通常具有它们在本领域,在本发明上下文中和其中使用每个术语的具体上下文中的通常的含义。某些术语在下面定义来在描述本发明的组合物和方法和如何制造和使用它们中提供另外的指导。
如说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用,单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“该”包括复数指代物,除非上下文另有明确指示。因此,例如提及“一种化合物”时包括化合物的混合物。
术语“约”或“大致”表示处于本领域技术人员测定的具体值的可接受的误差范围内,其将部分地取决于该值如何测量或测定,即测量系统的局限。例如,根据本领域的实践,“约”可以表示处于3内或大于3的标准偏差。可选地,“约”可以表示高至给定值的20%,优选高至10%,更优选高至5%,仍然更优选高至1%的范围。可选地,特别是涉及系统或方法时,术语可以表示处于数值的一定数量级内,优选5倍内,更优选处于2倍内。
如本文所使用,术语“基重”指的是在给定区域上化合物的重量。测量单位的例子包括克/平方米,并且用首字母缩写“gsm”表示。
如本文所使用,术语“纤维素”或“纤维素的”包括任何具有纤维素作为主要成分的材料,并且具体地,包含至少50重量%的纤维素或纤维素衍生物。因此,该术语包括棉花,通常是木浆、醋酸纤维素、人造丝、热化学木浆、化学木浆、脱粘化学木浆、马利筋绒毛、微晶纤维素、微纤化纤维素等。
如本文所使用,表述“化学改性”当用于提及纤维时,表示该纤维已经用含多价金属的化合物处理来产生它上面结合了含多价金属的化合物的纤维。该化合物不必需与纤维化学结合,不过优选该化合物通过涂覆、粘附、沉淀或任何其他机理来在纤维附近保持连接,以使得它在纤维的常规处理过程中不从该纤维上脱除。具体地,该化合物可以保持与纤维相连接,甚至当用液体润湿或清洗时。为了方便起见,纤维和化合物之间的连接可以称作键合,并且该化合物可以称作键合到纤维。
如本文所使用,术语“纤维”或“纤维质”指的是微粒材料,其中这种微粒材料的长径比大于约10。相反,“非纤维”或“非纤维质”材料意指微粒材料,其中这种微粒物质的长径比是约10或更小。
如本文所使用,“非织造”指的是一类材料,其包括但不限于纺织品或塑料。非织造物是由纤维、长丝、熔融塑料或塑料膜机械地、热地或化学地结合在一起而制造的片或网结构。非织造物是直接由纤维网制成的织物,无需用于织造或编织所必需的纱线准备。在非织造物中,纤维组件通过下面的一种或多种来保持在一起:(1)通过在无规网或团簇(mat)中机械互锁;(2)通过纤维的熔合,如热塑性纤维的情况;或者(3)通过用粘结介质例如天然或合成树脂来结合。
如本文所使用,术语“迳流”指的是流体在该流体被吸收剂完全俘获之前在吸收剂材料表面上流动的倾向。迳流可以表示为迳流百分比。
如本文所使用,术语“重量百分比”意指(i)材料中的成分/组分的作为该材料层的重量的百分比的重量;或者(ii)材料中的成分/组分的作为最终的非织造材料或产品重量的百分比的重量。
纤维
本发明的非织造材料包含纤维。纤维可以是天然的、合成的或其混合物。在某些实施方案中,纤维可以是纤维素基纤维,一种或多种合成纤维,或其混合物。
纤维素纤维
本领域已知的任何纤维素纤维,包括任何天然来源的纤维素纤维,例如衍生自木浆或再生纤维素的那些,可以用于纤维素层中。在某些实施方案中,纤维素纤维包括但不限于消化纤维,例如牛皮纸,预水解的牛皮纸,苏打,亚硫酸盐,化学-热机械,和热-机械处理的纤维,其衍生自软木、硬木或棉籽绒。在其他实施方案中,纤维素纤维包括但不限于牛皮纸消化纤维,包括预水解的牛皮纸消化纤维。适用于本发明的纤维素纤维的非限定性例子是衍生自软木例如松木、冷杉和云杉的纤维素纤维。其他合适的纤维素纤维包括但不限于衍生自禾本草、甘蔗渣、粗羊毛、亚麻、大麻、洋麻和其他木质素和纤维素纤维源的那些。合适的纤维素纤维包括但不限于漂白的牛皮纸美国长叶松纤维,其以商标FOLEY(Buckeye Technologies Inc.,美国田纳西州孟菲斯)销售。此外,以商标CELLU销售的纤维(例如3024等级)(Clearwater Paper Corporation,美国华盛顿州斯波坎)被用于本发明的某些方面。
本发明的非织造材料还可以包括但不限于可商购的光亮短纤浆,其包括但不限于南方软木牛皮纸(例如来自于GP Cellulose的Golden4725)或南方软木短纤浆(例如Treated FOLEY),北方软木亚硫酸盐浆(例如来自于Weyerhaeuser的T730),或硬木浆(例如桉树)。在某些实施方案中,该非织造材料可以包括桉树纤维(Suzano,未处理)。虽然某些浆体基于多种因素会是优选的,但是可以使用任何吸收剂短纤浆或其混合物。在某些实施方案中,可以使用木纤维素,棉籽绒浆,化学改性的纤维素例如交联的纤维素纤维和高度纯化的纤维素纤维。另外的浆体的非限定性例子是FOLEYFFTAS(也称作FFTAS或Buckeye Technologies FFT-AS浆)和Weyco CF401。
在某些实施方案中,可以使用细纤维例如某些软木纤维。这样的细纤维的某些非限定性例子以及浆纤维粗度性能提供在下表I中,其参考了Watson,P.等人,Canadian PulpFibre Morphology:Superiority and Considerations for End Use Potential,TheForestry Chronicle,第85卷第3期,401-408,2009年5月/6月。
表I.软木纤维
物种 | 浆纤维粗度(mg/100m) |
美国海岸花旗松 | 24 |
加州铁杉 | 20 |
云杉/松 | 18 |
美国西部侧柏 | 16 |
美国长叶松 | 30 |
辐射松 | 22 |
斯堪的纳维亚松 | 20 |
黑云杉 | 18 |
在某些实施方案中,可以使用细纤维例如某些硬木纤维。这样的细纤维的某些非限定性例子以及浆纤维粗度性能提供在表II中,并且至少部分地参考了Horn,R.,Morphology of Pulp Fiber from Hardwoods and Influence on Paper Strength,Research Paper FPL 312,Forest Products Laboratory,美国农业部(1978)和BleachedEucalyptus Kraft Pulp ECF Technical Sheet(2017年4月)(可获自:https://www.metsafibre.com/en/Documents/Data-sheets/Cenibra-euca-Eucalyptus.pdf)。在具体实施方案中,可以使用桉树浆(Sunzano,未处理的)。
表II.硬木纤维
物种 | 浆纤维粗度(mg/100m) |
赤杨 | 12.38 |
白杨 | 8.59 |
美国榆 | 9.53 |
纸皮桦 | 13.08 |
美国山毛榉 | 13.10 |
山胡桃树 | 10.59 |
糖枫 | 7.86 |
白栎 | 14.08 |
桉树 | 6.5+/-2.3 |
其他合适类型的纤维素纤维包括但不限于化学改性的纤维素纤维。在具体实施方案中,改性的纤维素纤维是交联的纤维素纤维。美国专利号5,492,759,5,601,921和6,159,335(其全部整体上通过参考引入本文)涉及化学处理的纤维素纤维,可用于本发明的实践中。在某些实施方案中,改性的纤维素纤维包含多羟基化合物。多羟基化合物的非限定性例子包括甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、聚乙烯醇、部分水解的聚乙酸乙烯酯和完全水解的聚乙酸乙烯酯。在某些实施方案中,纤维用含多价阳离子的化合物处理。在一个实施方案中,含多价阳离子的化合物的存在量是约0.1重量%至约20重量%,基于未处理的纤维的干重计。在具体实施方案中,含多价阳离子的化合物是多价金属离子盐。在某些实施方案中,含多价阳离子的化合物选自铝、铁、锡、其盐及其混合物。可以使用任何多价金属盐,包括过渡金属盐。合适的多价金属的非限定性例子包括铍、镁、钙、锶、钡、钛、锆、钒、铬、钼、钨、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、铝和锡。优选的离子包括铝、铁和锡。优选的金属离子具有+3或+4的氧化态。可以使用含多价金属离子的任何盐。上述金属的合适的无机盐的非限定性例子包括氯化物、硝酸盐、硫酸盐、硼酸盐、溴化物、碘化物、氟化物、氮化物、高氯酸盐、磷酸盐、氢氧化物、硫化物、碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、氧化物、烷氧化物、酚盐、亚磷酸盐和次亚磷酸盐。上述金属的合适的有机盐的非限定性例子包括甲酸盐、乙酸盐、丁酸盐、己酸盐、己二酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、草酸盐、丙酸盐、水杨酸盐、甘氨酸盐、酒石酸盐、乙醇酸盐、磺酸盐、膦酸盐、谷氨酸盐、辛酸盐、苯甲酸盐、葡糖酸盐、马来酸盐、琥珀酸盐和4,5-二羟基-苯-1,3-二磺酸盐。除了多价金属盐之外,可以使用其他化合物例如上述盐的络合物,其包括但不限于胺、乙烯二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、二乙烯三胺五乙酸(DIPA)、次氮基三乙酸(NTA)、2,4-戊二酮和氨。
在一个实施方案中,纤维素浆纤维是化学改性的纤维素浆纤维,其已经软化或塑化来固有地比未改性的浆纤维更可压缩。将相同的压力施加到塑化的浆网上将导致比当施加到未改性的浆网时更高的密度。此外,塑化的纤维素纤维的致密化网固有地比相同木材类型的未改性纤维的类似密度的网更软。软木浆可以使用阳离子表面活性剂作为脱粘剂来破坏纤维间结合,而制成更可压缩的。使用一种或多种脱粘剂有利于浆板在气流成网方法中崩解成绒毛。脱粘剂的例子包括但不限于公开在美国专利号4,432,833,4,425,186和5,776,308中的那些,其全部整体上通过参考引入本文。脱粘剂处理的纤维素浆的一个例子是FFLE+。用于纤维素的增塑剂(其可以在形成湿成网片之前添加到浆料中)也可以用于软化浆,不过它们的作用机理不同于脱粘剂。增塑剂在纤维内、在纤维素分子处起作用,来产生挠性或柔软的无定形区域。形成的纤维的特征是易曲的。因为塑化的纤维缺乏刚度,所以与没有用增塑剂处理的纤维相比,粉碎的浆更易于致密化。增塑剂包括但不限于多羟基醇例如甘油,低分子量聚二醇例如聚乙二醇,和多羟基化合物。这些和其他增塑剂描述和示例在美国专利号4,098,996,5,547,541和4,731,269中,其全部整体上通过参考引入本文。例如但不限于,增塑剂可以是聚乙二醇100(PEG 100),聚乙二醇200(PEG 200),聚乙二醇300(PEG 300),或聚乙二醇400(PEG 400)。还已知的是氨、尿素和烷基胺可用于塑化木材产品(其主要包含纤维素)(A.J.Stamm,Forest Products Journal 5(6):413,1955,整体上通过参考引入本文)。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,使用下面的纤维素:GP 4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River,桉树浆(Suzano,未处理的),或其组合。
本发明的非织造材料可以包括纤维素纤维。在某些实施方案中,一层或多层的该非织造材料可以含有约5gsm至约150gsm,约5gsm至约100gsm,或约10gsm至约50gsm的纤维素纤维。在具体实施方案中,一层或多层可以含有约20gsm,约21gsm,约21.36gsm,约30gsm,约40gsm,约50gsm,约60gsm,约62gsm,约70gsm,或约71gsm的纤维素纤维。
合成纤维
除了使用纤维素纤维之外,本发明还想到使用合成纤维。在一个实施方案中,合成纤维包括双组分和/或单组分纤维。本领域已知具有芯和鞘的双组分纤维。许多品种用于制造非织造材料,特别是用于气流成网技术而生产的那些。适用于本发明的各种双组分纤维公开在美国专利号5,372,885和5,456,982中,这两篇整体上通过参考引入本文。双组分纤维制造商的例子包括但不限于Trevira(德国博宾根),Fiber Innovation Technologies(美国田纳西州约翰逊城)和ES Fiber Visions(美国佐治亚洲雅典)。
双组分纤维可以引入多个聚合物作为它们的芯和鞘组分。具有PE(聚乙烯)或改性PE鞘的双组分纤维通常具有PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)或PP(聚丙烯)芯。在一个实施方案中,双组分纤维具有聚酯制成的芯和聚乙烯制成的鞘。在另一实施方案中,双组分纤维具有聚丙烯制成的芯和聚乙烯制成的鞘。
双组分纤维的旦尼尔优选是约1.0dpf至约4.0dpf,和更优选约1.5dpf至约2.5dpf。双组分纤维的长度可以是约3mm至约36mm,优选约3mm至约12mm,更优选约3mm至约10mm。在具体实施方案中,双组分纤维的长度是约4mm至约8mm,或约6mm。在一个具体实施方案中,双组分纤维是Trevira T255,其包含聚酯芯和聚乙烯鞘,用马来酸酐改性。T255以多种旦尼尔、切割长度和芯鞘构造来生产,并且优选的构造具有约1.7dpf至2.0dpf的旦尼尔和约4mm-12mm的切割长度和同心的芯鞘构造。在一个具体实施方案中,双组分纤维是Trevira 1661,T255,2.0dpf和6mm长度。
双组分纤维在商业上通常通过熔体纺丝来制作。在这种程序中,将每个熔融的聚合物通过模头例如喷丝头挤出,随后牵拉熔融的聚合物来使得它移动远离喷丝头的面。这之后是通过传热到周围的流动介质例如冷空气来使聚合物凝固,并且卷绕新的固体长丝。在熔体纺丝之后另外的步骤的非限定性例子还可以包括热或冷牵拉、热处理、卷边和切割。这个整个制造方法通常作为不连续的两步法来进行,其首先包括将长丝纺丝和将它们收集成包含许多长丝的丝束。在纺丝步骤中,当熔融聚合物被牵拉远离喷丝头面时,发生了长丝的拉丝,其也可以称作纺丝拉伸。这之后是第二步骤,其中将纺丝的纤维拉丝或拉伸来增加分子的对齐和结晶度并且赋予单个长丝以提高的强度和其他物理性能。随后的步骤可以包括但不限于热固着、卷边和将长丝切割成纤维。拉丝或拉伸步骤可以包括将双组分纤维的芯、双组分纤维的鞘或双组分纤维的芯和鞘二者拉丝,这取决于芯和鞘包含的材料以及拉丝或拉伸方法中使用的条件。
双组分纤维也可以在连续方法中形成,其中纺丝和拉丝以连续方法进行。在纤维制造方法中,期望在熔体纺丝步骤之后,在该方法不同的后续步骤中将不同的材料添加到纤维。这些材料可以称作“终饰材(finish)”,并且包含活性剂,例如但不限于润滑剂和抗静电剂。终饰材通常经由水基溶液或乳液来输送。终饰材可以为双组分纤维的制造和为该纤维的用户二者提供期望的性能,例如在气流成网方法或湿成网方法中提供。
在纺丝和拉丝步骤之前、期间和之后包括许多的其他方法,并且公开在美国专利号4,950,541,5,082,899,5,126,199,5,372,885,5,456,982,5,705,565,2,861,319,2,931,091,2,989,798,3,038,235,3,081,490,3,117,362,3,121,254,3,188,689,3,237,245,3,249,669,3,457,342,3,466,703,3,469,279,3,500,498,3,585,685,3,163,170,3,692,423,3,716,317,3,778,208,3,787,162,3,814,561,3,963,406,3,992,499,4,052,146,4,251,200,4,350,006,4,370,114,4,406,850,4,445,833,4,717,325,4,743,189,5,162,074,5,256,050,5,505,889,5,582,913和6,670,035,其全部整体上通过参考引入本文。
本发明还可以包括但不限于这样的制品,其包含以不同的拉丝或拉伸度部分牵拉的双组分纤维、高度牵拉的双组分纤维及其混合物。它们可以包括但不限于高度牵拉的聚酯芯双组分纤维,其具有多种鞘材料,特别是包括聚乙烯鞘,例如Trevira T255(德国博宾根),或高度牵拉的聚丙烯芯双组分纤维,其具有多种鞘材料,特别是包括聚乙烯鞘,例如ESFiberVisions AL-Adhesion-C(丹麦亚德)。此外,可以使用Trevira T265双组分纤维(德国博宾根),其具有部分牵拉的芯,并且芯由聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)制成,和鞘由聚乙烯制成。在相同的结构中使用部分牵拉的和高度牵拉的双组分纤维二者会以杠杆效应来满足具体的物理和表现性能,这基于它们如何引入到该结构中。
本发明的双组分纤维不限于用于芯或鞘的任何具体的聚合物的范围,因为任何部分牵拉的芯双组分纤维可以提供在伸长率和强度方面提高的性能。对于部分牵拉的双组分纤维的牵拉程度没有限制,因为不同的牵拉度将产生不同的性能提高。部分牵拉的双组分纤维的范围包括具有不同的芯鞘构造的纤维,其包括但不限于同心的、偏心的、并排的、海岛型、扇形段和其他变体。总纤维的芯和鞘的相对重量百分比可以变化。另外,本发明的范围包括使用部分牵拉的均聚物如聚酯、聚丙烯、尼龙和其他可熔体纺丝的聚合物。本发明的范围还包括多组分纤维,其可以具有多于两种聚合物作为纤维结构的一部分。
在具体实施方案中,双组分纤维是约0.5分特至约20分特的低分特短双组分纤维。在某些实施方案中,分特值可以是约1.3分特至约15分特,约1.5分特至约10分特,约1.7分特至约6.7分特,或约2.2分特至约5.7分特。在某些实施方案中,分特值可以是约1.3分特,约1.5分特,约1.7分特,约2.2分特,约3.3分特,约5.7分特,约6.7分特,或约10分特。在某些实施方案中,双组分纤维是形成纤维网的短纤维。
适于在不同的实施方案中作为纤维或双组分粘合剂纤维的其他合成纤维包括但不限于由不同的聚合物制成的纤维,其包括(作为例子和但不限于)聚丙烯酸,聚酰胺(包括但不限于尼龙6,尼龙6/6,尼龙12,聚天冬氨酸,聚谷氨酸),多胺,聚酰亚胺,聚丙烯酸(包括但不限于聚丙烯酰胺,聚丙烯腈,甲基丙烯酸和丙烯酸的酯),聚碳酸酯(包括但不限于聚双酚A碳酸酯,聚碳酸丙烯酯),聚二烯(包括但不限于聚丁二烯,聚异戊二烯,聚降冰片烯),聚环氧化物,聚酯(包括但不限于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯,聚对苯二甲酸三亚甲基酯,聚己内酯,聚乙交酯,聚丙交酯,聚羟基丁酸酯,聚羟基戊酸酯,聚己二酸乙烯酯,聚己二酸丁烯酯,聚琥珀酸丙烯酯),聚醚(包括但不限于聚乙二醇(聚环氧乙烷),聚丁二醇,聚环氧丙烷,聚甲醛(仲甲醛),聚四亚甲基醚(聚四氢呋喃),聚表氯醇,聚氟碳树脂,甲醛聚合物(包括但不限于脲醛,三聚氰胺-甲醛,酚醛树脂),天然聚合物(包括但不限于纤维素,壳聚糖,木质素,蜡),聚烯烃(包括但不限于聚乙烯,聚丙烯,聚丁烯,聚丁烯,聚辛烯),聚苯(包括但不限于聚苯醚,聚苯硫醚,聚苯醚砜),含硅聚合物(包括但不限于聚二甲基硅氧烷,聚碳甲基硅烷),聚氨酯,乙烯类聚合物(包括但不限于聚乙烯基丁缩醛,聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯醇的酯和醚,聚乙酸乙烯酯,聚苯乙烯,聚甲基苯乙烯,聚氯乙烯,聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮,聚甲基乙烯基醚,聚乙基乙烯基醚,聚乙烯基甲酮),聚缩醛,聚芳基化物,和共聚物(包括但不限于聚乙烯-共聚-乙酸乙烯酯,聚乙烯-共聚-丙烯酸,聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯-共聚-聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,聚月桂基内酰胺-嵌段-聚四氢呋喃),聚琥珀酸丁烯酯和聚乳酸基聚合物。
在具体实施方案中,合成纤维层包含约2至约20分特的高分特短纤维。在某些实施方案中,分特值可以是约2分特至约15分特,或约2分特至约10分特。在具体实施方案中,纤维的分特值可以是约6.7分特。
在其他具体实施方案中,合成层包含合成长丝。合成长丝可以通过纺丝和/或挤出方法形成。例如,这样的方法可以类似于上述涉及熔体纺丝方法所述的方法。合成长丝可以包括一种或多种连续条。在某些实施方案中,合成长丝可以包括聚丙烯。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,使用下面的合成纤维:Trevira Type255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET;Trevira Type 245,6.7分特,3mm;Trevira PE/PET 70%芯,1.7分特,6mm;Trevira PE/PET 30%芯,1.5分特,6mm;或其组合。
本发明的非织造材料可以包括合成纤维。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料的一层或多层可以包含约1gsm至约40gsm,约5gsm至约30gsm,或约10gsm至约25gsm的合成纤维。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料的一层或多层可以包含约6gsm,约6.28gsm,约8gsm,约10gsm,约25gsm,约26gsm,约26.34gsm,或约27gsm的合成纤维。
粘合剂
在某些实施方案中,本文所述的非织造材料可以包括粘合剂。合适的粘合剂包括但不限于液体粘合剂和粉末粘合剂。液体粘合剂的非限定性例子包括粘合剂的乳液、溶液或悬浮液。粉末粘合剂的非限定性例子包括聚乙烯粉末、共聚物粘合剂、乙酸乙烯酯乙烯粘合剂、苯乙烯-丁二烯粘合剂、聚氨酯、聚氨酯基粘合剂、丙烯酸粘合剂、热塑性粘合剂、天然聚合物基粘合剂及其混合物。
合适的粘合剂包括但不限于共聚物,乙酸乙烯酯乙烯(“VAE”)共聚物,其可以具有稳定剂例如Wacker Vinnapas 192,Wacker Vinnapas EF 539,Wacker Vinnapas EP907,Wacker Vinnapas EP129,Celanese Duroset El30,Celanese Dur-O-Set Elite 13025-1813和Celanese Dur-O-Set TX-849,Celanese 75-524A,聚乙烯醇-聚乙酸乙烯酯共混物例如Wacker Vinac 911,乙酸乙烯酯均聚物,聚乙烯基胺例如BASF Luredur,丙烯酸聚合物,阳离子丙烯酰胺,聚丙烯酰胺例如Bercon Berstrength 5040和Bercon Berstrength5150,羟乙基纤维素,淀粉例如National Starch CATO RTM 232,National Starch CATORTM 255,National Starch Optibond,National Starch Optipro,或National StarchOptiPLUS,瓜尔胶,苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物,聚氨酯,聚氨酯基粘合剂,热塑性粘合剂,丙烯酸粘合剂和羧甲基纤维素例如Hercules Aqualon CMC。在某些实施方案中,粘合剂是天然聚合物基粘合剂。天然聚合物基粘合剂的非限定性例子包括衍生自淀粉、纤维素、壳质和其他多糖的聚合物。
在某些实施方案中,粘合剂是水溶性的。在一个实施方案中,粘合剂是乙酸乙烯酯乙烯共聚物。这样的共聚物的一个非限定性例子是EP907(德国慕尼黑Wacker Chemicals)。Vinnapas EP907可以以约10%固体的水平使用,其引入了约0.75重量%的Aerosol OT(Cytec Industries,美国新泽西州西帕特森),其是一种阴离子表面活性剂。还可以使用其他种类的液体粘合剂例如苯乙烯-丁二烯和丙烯酸粘合剂。在某些实施方案中,Vinnapas192可以以约15%的水平使用,其引入了约0.08重量%的Aerosol OT 75(CytecIndustries,美国新泽西州西帕特森)。
在某些实施方案中,粘合剂不是水溶性的。这些粘合剂的例子包括但不限于Vinnapas 124和192(Wacker),其可以具有分散在乳液中的遮光剂和增白剂,包括但不限于二氧化钛。其他粘合剂包括但不限于Celanese Emulsions(美国新泽西州布里奇沃特)Elite 22和Elite 33。
在某些实施方案中,粘合剂是热塑性粘合剂。这样的热塑性粘合剂包括但不限于任何热塑性聚合物,其会在一定温度熔融,这将很大程度地损害纤维素纤维。优选地,热塑性粘合材料的熔点将小于约175℃。合适的热塑性材料的例子包括但不限于热塑性粘合剂和热塑性粉末的悬浮液。在具体实施方案中,热塑性粘合材料可以例如是聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯和/或聚偏氯乙烯。
在具体实施方案中,乙酸乙烯酯乙烯粘合剂是不可交联的。在一个实施方案中,乙酸乙烯酯乙烯粘合剂是可交联的。在某些实施方案中,粘合剂是由HB Fuller供应的WD4047聚氨酯基粘合剂溶液。在一个实施方案中,粘合剂是由Michelman供应的Michem Prime4983-45N乙烯丙烯酸(“EAA”)共聚物分散体。在某些实施方案中,粘合剂是由CelaneseEmulsions(美国新泽西州布里奇沃特)供应的Dur-O-Set Elite 22LV VAE粘合剂乳液。如上所述,在具体实施方案中,粘合剂是可交联的。还要理解的是可交联粘合剂也称作永久湿强粘合剂。永久湿强粘合剂包括但不限于(Hercules Inc.,美国特拉华州威尔明顿),(American Cyanamid Company,美国新泽西州韦恩),Wacker Vinnapas或AF192(Wacker Chemie AG,德国慕尼黑)等。不同的永久湿强剂描述在美国专利号2,345,543,2,926,116和2,926,154中,其公开内容整体上通过参考引入本文。其他永久湿强粘合剂包括但不限于多胺-表氯醇、聚酰胺表氯醇或聚酰胺-胺表氯醇树脂,其统称为“PAE树脂”。非限定性的示例性永久湿强粘合剂包括Kymene 557H或Kymene 557LX(HerculesInc.,美国特拉华州威尔明顿),并且已经描述在美国专利号3,700,623和3,772,076中,其整体上通过参考引入本文。
可选地,在某些实施方案中,粘合剂是临时湿强粘合剂。临时湿强粘合剂包括但不限于(Hercules Inc.,美国特拉华州威尔明顿),750(AmericanCyanamid Company,美国新泽西州韦恩),745(American Cyanamid Company,美国新泽西州韦恩)等。其他合适的临时湿强粘合剂包括但不限于二醛淀粉、聚乙烯亚胺、甘露糖半乳聚糖胶、乙二醛和二醛甘露糖半乳聚糖。其他合适的临时湿强剂描述在美国专利号3,556,932,5,466,337,3,556,933,4,605,702,4,603,176,5,935,383和6,017,417,其全部整体上通过参考引入本文。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,使用下面的粘合剂:Vinnapas 192,Wacker(具有0.20gsm表面活性剂Aerosol OT 75),Cytec Industries或Vinnapas 192,Wacker(具有0.8%表面活性剂Aerosol OT 75),Cytec Industries。
在某些实施方案中,粘合剂可以作为乳液,以约1gsm至约10gsm,约1gsm至约8gsm,约1gsm至约5gsm,约1gsm至约4gsm,约5gsm至约10gsm,约2gsm至约5gsm,或约2gsm至约3gsm的量使用。在具体实施方案中,粘合剂可以作为乳液,以约1gsm,约2gsm,约3gsm,约4gsm,约5gsm,约6gsm,或约6.02gsm的量使用。粘合剂可以施用到纤维层的一侧上,优选外面层上。可选地,粘合剂可以以相同或不成比例的量施用到层的两侧上。在某些实施方案中,粘合剂可以施用到非织造材料的至少一个外表面上。在具体实施方案中,粘合剂可以施用到非织造材料的至少两个外表面上。
其他添加剂
本发明的材料还可以包含其他添加剂。例如,该材料可以包含超吸收剂聚合物(SAP)。可以用于本发明的超吸收剂聚合物的类型包括但不限于处于它们的微粒形式例如粉末、不规则颗粒、球形颗粒、短纤维和其他伸长的颗粒的SAP。美国专利号5,147,343,5,378,528,5,795,439,5,807,916,5,849,211和6,403,857,其整体上通过参考引入本文,描述不同的超吸收剂聚合物以及制造超吸收剂聚合物的方法。形成体系的超吸收剂聚合物的一个例子是丙烯酸的金属盐和丙烯酰胺或其他单体例如2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸的交联的丙烯酸共聚物。许多常规的粒状超吸收剂聚合物是基于聚(丙烯酸),其已经在聚合过程中与本领域公知的任何的许多多官能化共聚单体交联剂进行了交联。多官能化交联剂的例子阐述在美国专利号2,929,154,3,224,986,3,332,909和4,076,673中,其整体上通过参考引入本文。例如,交联的羧酸化聚电解质可以用于形成超吸收剂聚合物。已知的是其他水溶性聚电解质聚合物可用于通过交联来制备超吸收剂,这些聚合物包括:羧甲基淀粉、羧甲基纤维素、壳聚糖盐、明胶盐等。但是,它们通常不以商业规模使用来提高非必要的吸收剂制品的吸收性,这是由于它们较高的成本。可用于本发明实践中的超吸收剂聚合物粒子市售自许多制造商,例如BASF,Dow Chemical(美国密歇根州米德兰),Stockhausen(美国北卡罗来纳州格林斯博罗),Chemdal(美国伊利诺斯州阿灵顿山庄)和Evonik(德国埃森)。SAP的非限定性例子包括表面交联的丙烯酸基粉末例如Stockhausen 9350或SX70,BASFHysorb Fem 33,BASF HySorb FEM 33N,或Evonik Favor SXM 7900。
在本发明的具体实施方案中,使用下面的添加剂:Evonik Favor SXM 7900。
在某些实施方案中,其他添加剂可以以约5%至约50%的量用于层中,基于该结构的总重量。在某些实施方案中,其他添加剂的含量是约0%至约30%,约0%至约15%,约5%至约25%,约5%至约15%,或约10%至约20%,基于该结构的总重量。在具体实施方案中,其他添加剂的含量可以是约0%,约2%,约5%,约8%,约10%,约15%,约20%,约25%,或约30%,基于该结构的总重量。在某些实施方案中,添加剂在层中的量可以是约5gsm至约50gsm,约5gsm至约25gsm,约10gsm至约50gsm,或约12gsm至约40gsm,或约15gsm至约25gsm。在具体实施方案中,其他添加剂在层中的用量可以是约10gsm的量。例如,在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以包括约10gsm量的SAP。
非织造材料
本发明提供了具有减少的迳流的非织造材料。这样的非织造材料可以在其至少一个表面上包括三维图案。作为本文所体现的,非织造材料可以包括至少一个层、至少两个层或至少三个层。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以包括多于三个层。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料包括两层或三层。作为本文进一步体现的,非织造材料可以是气流成网的材料。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以是吸收剂结构,用于液体俘获和临时存储;用于液体俘获、分布和永久存储;或者用于液体分布和永久存储。
本发明的非织造材料可以是用于液体俘获和临时存储的吸收剂结构。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以具有至少一个层。该至少一个层可以包含纤维素纤维、合成纤维或其组合。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以具有至少两层。在这样的实施方案中,非织造材料可以包括至少一个层,其包含合成纤维,例如结合的合成纤维例如双组分纤维、单组分纤维、短纤维、在起绒方法中形成预制的纤维网的短纤维等。非织造材料可以进一步包括另外的层,其包括合成纤维,例如结合的合成纤维例如偏心双组分纤维、单组分纤维、在起绒方法中形成预制的纤维网的短纤维等。在具体实施方案中,至少一个层可以进一步包含纤维素纤维例如软木或硬木纤维。在某些实施方案中,至少一个层可以包含合成纤维例如双组分或单组分合成纤维,并且用粘合剂结合。粘合剂可以例如通过喷涂和干燥粘合剂乳液来施用。非织造材料可以进一步在该非织造材料的至少一个表面上包括三维图案。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以在底表面或下表面上包括三维图案。在可选的实施方案中,非织造材料可以在上表面或顶表面上包括三维图案。
本发明的非织造材料可以是用于液体俘获、分布和永久存储的吸收剂结构。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以具有至少一个层。该至少一个层可以包含纤维素纤维、合成纤维或其组合。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以具有至少两层。在这样的实施方案中,非织造材料可以包括至少一个层,其包含结合的合成纤维例如偏心双组分纤维、单组分纤维、在起绒方法中形成预制的纤维网的短纤维等。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以进一步包括至少一个层,其包含纤维素纤维例如软木或硬木纤维。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料的至少一个层包含粗度低于15mg/100m的木纤维例如桉树纤维。在这样的实施方案中,包含纤维素纤维的层可以是非织造材料的下层或底层。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以包括下层或底层,其包含纤维素纤维例如软木或硬木纤维。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以包括下层或底层,其包含粗度低于约15mg/100m的木纤维例如桉树纤维。至少一个包含纤维素纤维的层可以进一步包含合成纤维并且可以用粘合剂结合。粘合剂可以例如通过喷涂和干燥粘合剂乳液来施用。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以在底表面或下表面上包括三维图案。在可选的实施方案中,非织造材料可以在上表面或顶表面上包括三维图案。这样的非织造材料可以进一步包括位于层间的中间层。在某些实施方案中,中间层可以包含纤维素纤维。在具体实施方案中,中间层可以包含用双组分纤维结合的纤维素纤维。这样的中间层可以进一步包含一种或多种添加剂。在某些实施方案中,一种或多种添加剂可以包含颗粒或纤维形式的超吸收剂颗粒(SAP)。超吸收剂颗粒(SAP)可以与纤维素和/或合成纤维共混,或者它们可以形成位于非织造结构的其他层之间的一个或多个层。
本发明的非织造材料可以是用于液体分布和永久存储的吸收剂结构。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以具有至少一个层。非织造材料可以包括至少一个层,其包含用双组分纤维结合的纤维素纤维。非织造结构的至少一个表面可以用粘合剂结合。在具体实施方案中,非织造结构的至少两个表面可以用粘合剂结合。粘合剂可以例如通过喷涂和干燥粘合剂乳液来施用。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以进一步包含一种或多种添加剂。在某些实施方案中,一种或多种添加剂可以包含颗粒或纤维形式的超吸收剂颗粒(SAP)。超吸收剂颗粒(SAP)可以与纤维素和/或合成纤维共混,或者它们可以形成位于非织造结构的其他层之间的一个或多个层。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以在底表面或下表面上包括三维图案。在可选的实施方案中,非织造材料可以在上表面或顶表面上包括三维图案。
在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以在它的外表面的至少一部分上用粘合剂涂覆。粘合剂不必需与层的一部分化学键合,不过优选粘合剂通过涂覆、粘附、沉淀或任何其他机理来保持与层紧邻连接,以使得它在层的常规处理过程中不从该层上被去除。为了方便起见,上述层和粘合剂之间的连接可以称作键合,并且化合物可以称作键合到层。如果存在,则粘合剂的施用量可以是约1gsm至约15gsm,或约2gsm至约10gsm,或约2gsm至约8gsm,或约3gsm至约5gsm。粘合剂可以施用到纤维层,优选外面层的一侧上。在某些实施方案中,粘合剂可以施用到非织造材料的至少一个外表面。
在具体实施方案中,非织造材料包含至少两层,其中每个层包含特定的纤维含量。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以是双层非织造结构。非织造材料可以包括合成纤维层,和包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维的共混层。第一层可以包含合成纤维例如双组分纤维。在具体实施方案中,第一层可以包含偏心双组分纤维。第二层可以与第一层相邻布置。第二层可以包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维的共混物。在具体实施方案中,第二层可以包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维的共混物。第二层可以用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。
在具体实施方案中,非织造材料包含至少三层,其中每个层包含特定的纤维含量。在具体的实施方案中,非织造材料可以是三层非织造结构。非织造材料可以包括合成纤维层和至少一个包括纤维素纤维和双组分纤维共混物的层。在某些实施方案中,至少一个层包含含有桉树纤维的纤维素纤维。第一层可以包含合成纤维例如双组分纤维。在具体实施方案中,第一层可以包含偏心双组分纤维。第二层和第三层可以包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维的共混物。在具体实施方案中,第二层和第三层可以包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维的共混物。在某些实施方案中,第三层的纤维素纤维可以包含粗度低于约15mg/100m的木纤维例如桉树纤维。第三层可以用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。
在具体实施方案中,非织造材料包含至少三层,其中每个层包含特定的纤维含量。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以是三层非织造结构。非织造材料可以包括合成纤维层和至少一个包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维共混物的层。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以进一步包括一种或多种添加剂例如超吸收剂聚合物(SAP)。第一层可以包含合成纤维例如双组分纤维。在具体实施方案中,第一层可以包含偏心双组分纤维。第二层和第三层可以包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维的共混物。在具体实施方案中,第二层和第三层可以包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维的共混物。在某些实施方案中,第三层的纤维素纤维可以包含粗度低于约15mg/100m的木纤维例如桉树纤维。第三层可以用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以进一步包括位于第二层和第三层之间的一种或多种添加剂层。在具体实施方案中,一种或多种添加剂可以包含超吸收剂聚合物(SAP)。
本发明的非织造材料可以包括至少两层或至少三层,其中每个层包含特定的纤维含量。在某些实施方案中,第一层可以包含的合成纤维的量是约5gsm至约60gsm,约10gsm至约50gsm,或约15gsm至约30gsm。在具体实施方案中,第一层可以包含的合成纤维的量是约20gsm,约25gsm,约26gsm,或约26.34gsm。在某些实施方案中,第二层可以包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维的共混物。纤维素纤维在第二层中的存在量可以是约10gsm至约90gsm,约15gsm至约80gsm,或约50gsm至约75gsm。在具体实施方案中,第一层可以包含约20gsm,约21gsm,约25gm,约50gsm,约62gsm,或约71gsm的纤维素纤维。合成纤维在第二层中的存在量可以是约1gsm至约50gsm,约5gsm至约35gsm,或约5gsm至约30gsm。在具体实施方案中,第一层可以包含约5gsm,约6gsm,约15gsm,约20gsm,或约27gsm的合成纤维。在某些实施方案中,第三层可以包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维的共混物。纤维素纤维在第三层中的存在量可以是约10gsm至约90gsm,约15gsm至约80gsm,或约50gsm至约75gsm。在具体实施方案中,第一层可以包括约20gsm,约21gsm,约25gm,约50gsm,约62gsm,或约71gsm的纤维素纤维。合成纤维在第三层中的存在量可以是约1gsm至约50gsm,约5gsm至约35gsm,或约5gsm至约30gsm。在具体实施方案中,第一层可以包含约5gsm,约6gsm,约8gsm,约15gsm,约20gsm,或约27gsm的合成纤维。
在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以包含一种或多种添加剂例如超吸收剂聚合物(SAP),其位于例如第二层和第三层之间。例如并且不限于,一种或多种添加剂的存在量可以是约5gsm至约30gsm,约15gsm至约25gsm,或约10gsm至约20gsm。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以包含位于第二层和第三层之间的约10gsm的超吸收剂聚合物(SAP)。
总之,非织造材料的层的基重可以是约5gsm至约250gsm,或约30gsm至约200gsm,或约50gsm至约150gsm,或约50gsm至约65gsm。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料的层的基重可以是约10gsm,约20gsm,约30gm,约40gsm,约60gsm,约80gsm,约200gsm,或约210gsm。
非织造材料的拓扑特征
本发明的非织造材料可以具有三维表面拓扑。例如并且不限于,非织造材料可以在至少一个表面上是成图案的。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以在上表面或顶表面上是成图案的。在某些实施方案中,非织造材料可以在下表面或底表面上是成图案的。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以在至少两个表面上是成图案的。成图案可以包括“凸脊”和“凹谷”。在某些实施方案中,凸脊和凹谷可以是交替的。在某些实施方案中,凸脊可以在横向(CD)上延伸。在可选的实施方案,凸脊可以在加工方向(MD)上延伸。图案的凸脊可以包括比凹谷更高的基重。因此,图案可以包括较低和较高基重的非织造材料的区域,这形成了不同形状的凹口。例如并且不限于,图案可以包括在不同方向上的连续线或虚线形状,不同尺寸的点等。图案的凹谷可以是约1mm至约2.5mm,约1mm至约2mm,或约1.3mm宽。在某些实施方案中,凹谷可以是至少约2.5mm,至少约2mm,至少约1.3mm,或至少约1mm宽。图案的凸脊可以是约2mm至约4mm,约2.1mm至约2.8mm,或约2.6mm宽。在某些实施方案中,凸脊可以是至少约4mm,至少约2.8mm,至少约2.6mm,至少约2.1mm,或至少约2mm宽。在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以包括三维图案,如图1A提供的。成图案可以例如通过形成具有三维拓扑的织物来提供,例如,形成这样的织物,其包括在形成织物的横向上延伸的凸脊。图5提供了用成图案的成形线(例如Ribtech 84,Albany International,美国新罕布什尔州罗彻斯特)形成的非织造材料的示例性图像。
本发明的非织造材料有利地具有低迳流。这样的非织造材料也可以具有足够的液体俘获、分布和存储性能。本发明的非织造材料可以在其至少一个表面上包括三维图案。这样的图案结构可以赋予非织造材料以低迳流特性,同时允许具有期望的液体俘获、分布和存储性能。
本发明的非织造材料可以具有低迳流。这样的低迳流可以通过非织造材料的至少一个表面上的三维图案来赋予本发明的非织造材料。具体地,本发明的非织造材料可以具有低迳流百分比。在某些实施方案中,本发明的非织造材料的迳流百分比可以是约0%至约30%,约1%至约30%,约1%至约10%,或约1%至约5%。在具体实施方案中,本发明的非织造材料的迳流百分比可以是约1%,约2%,约3%,约4%,约5%,约10%,或约15%。在某些实施方案中,本发明的非织造材料的迳流百分比可以小于约20%,小于约15%,小于约10%,小于约5%,小于约4%,小于约3%,小于约2%,或小于约1%。
在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以包括两层。第一层可以包含合成纤维例如偏心双组分纤维(例如Trevira Type 255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。例如,第一层可以包含约5gsm至约60gsm,约10gsm至约50gsm,或约26.34gsm的偏心双组分纤维。第二层可以包含纤维素纤维(例如GP 4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)和合成纤维例如双组分纤维(例如PET,Trevira Type 245,6.7分特,3mm)的共混物。例如,第二层可以包含约10gsm至约90gsm,约15gsm至约80gsm,或约21.36gsm的纤维素纤维和约1gsm至约50gsm,约5gsm至约35gsm,或约6.28gsm的双组分纤维。第二层的外表面可以用乳液形式的粘合剂(例如Vinnapas 192,Wacker,具有0.20gsm的表面活性剂Aerosol OT75,Cytec Industries)涂覆。例如,第二层可以用约1gsm至约10gsm,约1gsm至约8gsm,或约6.02gsm量的粘合剂涂覆。第二层可以在它的外表面的至少一部分上成图案。例如并且不限于,非织造材料的总基重可以是约60gsm。
在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以包括三层。第一层可以包含合成纤维例如偏心双组分纤维(例如Trevira Type 255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。例如,第一层可以包含约50gsm至约60gsm,约10gsm至约50gsm,或约25gsm的偏心双组分纤维。第二层可以包含纤维素纤维(例如GP 4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)和合成纤维例如双组分纤维(例如Trevira PE/PET 70%芯,1.7分特,6mm)的共混物。例如,第二层可以包含约10gsm至约90gsm,约15gsm至约80gsm,或约71gsm的纤维素纤维和约1gsm至约50gsm,约5gsm至约35gsm,或约27gsm的双组分纤维。第三层可以包含纤维素纤维(例如桉树浆,Suzano,未处理的)和合成纤维例如双组分纤维(例如Trevira PE/PET30%芯,1.5分特,6mm)的共混物。例如,第三层可以包含约10gsm至约90gsm,约15gsm至约80gsm,或约62gsm的纤维素纤维和约1gsm至约50gsm,约5gsm至约35gsm,或约8gsm的双组分纤维。第三层的外表面可以用乳液形式的粘合剂(例如Vinnapas 192,Wacker+0.8%表面活性剂Aerosol OT 75,CytecIndustries)涂覆。例如,第三层可以用约1gsm至约10gsm,约1gsm至约8gsm,或约5gsm量的粘合剂涂覆。第一层可以在它的外表面的至少一部分上成图案。例如并且不限于,非织造材料的总基重可以是约198gsm。
在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以具有三层。第一层可以包含合成纤维例如偏心双组分纤维(例如Trevira Type 255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。例如,第一层可以包含约50gsm至约60gsm,约10gsm至约50gsm,或约25gsm的偏心双组分纤维。第二层可以包含纤维素纤维(例如GP 4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)和合成纤维例如双组分纤维(例如Trevira PE/PET 70%芯,1.7分特,6mm)。例如,第二层可以包含约10gsm至约90gsm,约15gsm至约80gsm,或约71gsm的纤维素纤维和约1gsm至约50gsm,约5gsm至约35gsm,或约27gsm的双组分纤维。第三层可以包含纤维素纤维(例如桉树浆,Suzano,未处理的)和合成纤维例如双组分纤维(例如Trevira PE/PET30%芯,1.5分特,6mm)的共混物。例如,第三层可以包含约10gsm至约90gsm,约15gsm至约80gsm,或约62gsm的纤维素纤维和约1gsm至约50gsm,约5gsm至约35gsm,或约8gsm的双组分纤维。第三层的外表面可以用乳液形式的粘合剂(例如Vinnapas 192,Wacker+0.8%表面活性剂Aerosol OT 75,Cytec Industries)涂覆。例如,第三层的外表面可以用约1gsm至约10gsm,约1gsm至约8gsm,或约5gsm量的粘合剂涂覆。第三层可以在它的外表面的至少一部分上成图案。例如并且不限于,非织造材料的总基重可以是约198gsm。
在具体实施方案中,非织造材料可以包括三层以及一种或多种添加剂的层。第一层可以包含合成纤维例如偏心双组分纤维(例如Trevira Type 255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。例如,第一层可以包含约5gsm至约60gsm,约10gsm至约50gsm,或约25gsm的偏心双组分纤维。第二层可以包含纤维素纤维(例如GP 4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)和合成纤维例如双组分纤维(例如Trevira PE/PET70%芯,1.7分特,6mm)的共混物。例如,第二层可以包含约10gsm至约90gsm,约15gsm至约80gsm,或约71gsm的纤维素纤维和约1gsm至约50gsm,约5gsm至约35gsm,或约27gsm的双组分纤维。一种或多种添加剂例如超吸收剂聚合物(SAP)(例如Evonik Favor SXM 7900)的层可以位于第二层和第三层之间。例如,一种或多种添加剂的层可以包含约5gsm至约30gsm,约15gsm至约25gsm,或约10gsm的超吸收剂聚合物(SAP)。第三层可以包含纤维素纤维(例如桉树浆,Suzano,未处理的)和合成纤维例如双组分纤维(例如Trevira PE/PET 30%芯,1.5分特,6mm)的共混物。例如,第三层可以包含约10gsm至约90gsm,约15gsm至约80gsm,或约62gsm的纤维素纤维和约1gsm至约50gsm,约5gsm至约35gsm,或约8gsm的双组分纤维。第三层的外表面可以用乳液形式的粘合剂(例如Vinnapas 192,Wacker+0.8%表面活性剂Aerosol OT 75,Cytec Industries)涂覆。例如,第三层的外表面可以用约1gsm至约10gsm,约1gsm至约8gsm,或约5gsm量的粘合剂涂覆。第一层可以在它的外表面的至少一部分上成图案。例如并且不限于,非织造材料的总基重可以是约208gsm。
制造非织造材料的方法
多种方法可以用于组装本发明实践中所用的材料,来生产该材料,其包括但不限于传统的干燥形成方法例如空气成网和起绒或其他形成技术例如水刺(spunlace)或气流成网(airlace)。优选地,该材料可以通过气流成网方法来制备。气流成网方法包括但不限于使用一个或多个成形头来在制造方法中以选择的顺序将不同组成的原材料沉积来生产具有不同层的产品。这允许在可以生产的多种产品中获得大的通用性。
在一个实施方案中,该材料作为连续气流成网的网来制备。气流成网的网通常如下来制备:将纤维素浆板进行分离或分离纤维(通常是通过锤磨机进行),来提供单个纤维。不同于原纤的浆板,可以向锤磨机或其他粉碎机供给再生的气流成网的边角料和在等级变化中产生的规格外过渡材料和其他气流成网的生产废料。由此能够利用再生的生产废料来改进整个方法的经济性。来自于任何来源的,原始或再生的单个化纤维然后空气传送来在气流成网机上形成头部料。许多制造商制造了适用于本发明的气流成网机,包括丹麦奥尔胡斯的Dan-Web Forming,丹麦霍森斯的M&J Fibretech A/S,美国纽约州马其顿的RandoMachine Corporation(其描述在美国专利号3,972,092中),西班牙塞尔达尼奥拉德尔瓦列斯的Margasa Textile Machinery和奥地利韦尔斯的DOA International。虽然这些诸多的成网机在如何打开纤维和空气传送到成形线方面是不同的,但是它们全部能够生产本发明的网。Dan-Web成形头包括旋转或搅动带有孔的鼓,其用于将纤维保持分离,直到纤维通过真空牵拉到带孔的成形传送机或成形线。在某些实施方案中,成形线可以是成图案的,例如Ribtech 84(Albany International,美国新罕布什尔州罗彻斯特)。不同的图案适于与成形线一起使用。例如并且不限于,成形线可以具有包括凹槽的图案。在具体实施方案中,成形线可以用作成形织物。在M&J机器中,成形头基本上是在筛网上的旋转搅拌机。旋转搅拌机可以包含一系列或群集的旋转叶片或风机叶片。其他纤维例如合成热塑性纤维在纤维进料系统例如由法国康斯拉维利的Laroche S.A.提供的纺织品进料机中打开、称重和混合。在具体实施方案中,这样的气流成网机可以装备有定制的成形头,其能够层单个化较长的纤维。从纺织品进料机,将纤维空气输送到气流成网机的成形头,在这里它们与来自于锤磨机的粉碎的纤维素浆纤维进一步混合,并且沉积到连续移动的成形线。在期望规定的层的情况中,可以将分别的成形头用于每个类型的纤维。可选地或另外地,在于另外的层(如果有的话)组合之前,可以预制一个或多个层。
如果需要,气流成网的网从成形线转移到压延机或其他致密化级,来致密化该网,以增加它的强度和控制网厚度。在一个实施方案中,该网的纤维然后通过送过烘箱来结合,烘箱的温度设定为高到足以熔合包含的热塑性或其他粘合剂材料。在另一实施方案中,在同一烘箱中发生由乳胶喷涂或发泡体施用的干燥或固化带来的二次粘合。烘箱可以是常规的通风烘箱,作为对流烘箱来运行,或者可以通过红外或甚至微波照射来实现必需的加热。在具体实施方案中,在热固化之前或之后,气流成网的网可以用另外的添加剂处理。
在某些实施方案中,一种或多种增塑剂例如聚乙二醇可以在锤磨机中粉碎之前施用到纤维素片上或者它可以在成形方法过程中或在气流成网线终点处,在粘合剂固化完成之后,通过喷涂到气流成网的网上来施用。当它形成时或在气流成网线终点时,可以使用硅酮基化学品来喷涂到网上。聚乙二醇聚合物是亲水性的,这不同于硅酮基化学品,并且经济性也会高于硅酮。
应用和最终用途
本发明的非织造材料可以用于本领域已知的任何应用。例如,非织造材料可以单独使用或者作为多种吸收剂制品的组分来使用。在某些方面中,非织造材料可以用于吸收和保持体液的吸收剂制品。这样的吸收剂制品包括小儿尿布、成年人失禁产品、卫生巾、女性卫生产品、个人护理产品等。
在其他方面中,非织造材料可以单独使用或者作为其他消费品的组分来使用。例如,非织造材料可以用于吸收剂清洁产品如抹布、片材、毛巾等。
实施例
下面的实施例仅是本发明的示例,并且它们不应当认为以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
实施例1:低迳流非织造材料
该实施例提供了本发明的吸收剂非织造材料及其制造方法。结构1、3和6用作对照结构。结构2、4、5和7用作实验结构。这样的带有图案的非织造材料有利地具有降低的迳流特性。
结构1是一种双层非织造气流成网的材料,其使用实验鼓成形机和平坦成形织物来形成。顶层包括26.34gsm的偏心双组分纤维(Trevira Type 255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。底层包括6.28gsm的PET纤维(Trevira Type 245,6.7分特,3mm)和21.36gsm的纤维素纤维(GP 4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)的混合物,其用6.02gsm的乳液形式的聚合物粘合剂(Vinnapas 192,Wacker)和0.20gsm表面活性剂(Aerosol OT 75,CytecIndustries)粘合。
结构1的组成显示在表1中。
表1.结构1的组成
结构2是一种双层非织造气流成网的材料,其使用实验鼓成形机和成图案的线作为成形织物(其包括凹槽)来形成。顶层包括26.34gsm的偏心双组分纤维(Trevira Type255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。底层包括6.28gsm的PET纤维(Trevira Type 245,6.7分特,3mm)和21.36gsm的纤维素纤维(GP 4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)的混合物,其用6.02gsm的乳液形式的聚合物粘合剂(Vinnapas 192,Wacker)和0.20gsm表面活性剂(Aerosol OT 75,Cytec Industries)粘合。
结构2的组成形式在表2和图1A中。图1A示意性显示了引入该结构中的凹槽。
表2.结构2的组成
结构3是根据本发明的一种三层非织造气流成网的材料,其使用实验鼓成形机和平坦的成形织物来形成。顶层包含25gsm的偏心双组分纤维(Trevira Type 255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。中间层包含27gsm的双组分纤维(Trevira PE/PET 70%芯,1.7分特,6mm)和71gsm的纤维素纤维(GP 4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)的混合物。底层包含62gsm的桉树浆(Suzano,未处理的)和8gsm的双组分纤维(Trevira PE/PET 30%芯,1.5分特,6mm)的混合物,其用5gsm的乳液形式的聚合物粘合剂(Vinnapas 192,Wacker+0.8%表面活性剂Aerosol OT 75,Cytec Industries)粘合。
结构3的组成显示在表3中。
表3.结构3的组成
结构4是一种三层非织造气流成网的材料,其使用实验鼓成形机和成图案的线作为成形织物(其包括凹槽)来形成。结构4用成图案的线上的全部合成层来形成。顶层包含25gsm的偏心双组分纤维(Trevira Type 255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。中间层包含27gsm的双组分纤维(Trevira PE/PET 70%芯,1.7分特,6mm)和71gsm的纤维素纤维(GP 4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)的混合物。底层包含62gsm的桉树浆(Suzano,未处理的)和8gsm的双组分纤维(Trevira PE/PET 30%芯,1.5分特,6mm)的混合物,其用5gsm的乳液形式的聚合物粘合剂(Vinnapas 192,Wacker+0.8%表面活性剂Aerosol OT75,CytecIndustries)来粘合。
结构4的组成显示在表4和图1B中。图1B示意性显示了引入该结构中的凹槽。
表4.结构4的组成
结构5是一种三层非织造气流成网的材料,其使用鼓成形机和成图案的线作为成形织物(其包括凹槽)来形成。这个样品用桉树层在成图案的线上形成。顶层包含25gsm的偏心双组分纤维(Trevira Type255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。中间层包含27gsm的双组分纤维(Trevira PE/PET 70%芯,1.7分特,6mm)和71gsm的纤维素纤维(GP4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)的混合物。底层包含62gsm的桉树浆(Suzano,未处理的)和8gsm的双组分纤维(Trevira PE/PET30%芯,1.5分特,6mm)的混合物,其用5gsm的乳液形式的聚合物粘合剂(Vinnapas 192,Wacker+0.8%表面活性剂Aerosol OT 75,Cytec Industries)来粘合。
结构5的组成显示在表5和图1C中。图1C示意性显示了引入该结构中的凹槽。
表5.结构5的组成
结构6是一种具有超吸收剂聚合物(SAP)的三层非织造气流成网的材料,其使用实验鼓成形机和平坦的成形织物来形成。顶层包含25gsm的偏心双组分纤维(Trevira Type255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。中间层包含25gsm的双组分纤维(Trevira PE/PET 70%芯,1.7分特,6mm)和65gsm的纤维素纤维(GP4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)的混合物。将10gsm的超吸收剂聚合物(Evonik Favor SXM 7900)的层使用Christy进料机添加到底层和中间层之间。底层包含62gsm的桉树浆(Suzano,未处理的)和8gsm的双组分纤维(Trevira,PE/PET30%芯,1.5分特,6mm)的混合物,其用5gsm的乳液形式的聚合物粘合剂(Vinnapas192,Wacker+0.8%表面活性剂Aerosol OT75,Cytec Industries)来粘合。
结构6的组成显示在表6中。
表6.结构6的组成
结构7是一种具有超吸收剂聚合物(SAP)的三层非织造气流成网的材料,其使用实验鼓成形机和成图案的线作为成形织物(其包括凹槽)来形成。结构7用在成图案的线上的合成层形成。顶层包含25gsm的偏心双组分纤维(Trevira Type 255,6.7分特,6mm,PE/PET)。中间层包含25gsm的双组分纤维(Trevira PE/PET 70%芯,1.7分特,6mm)和65gsm的纤维素纤维(GP 4723,完全处理的浆,来自于Leaf River)的混合物。将10gsm的超吸收剂聚合物(SAP)(Evonik Favor SXM 7900)的层使用Christy进料机添加到底层和中间层之间。底层包含62gsm的桉树浆(Suzano,未处理的)和8gsm的双组分纤维(Trevira,PE/PET30%芯,1.5分特,6mm)的混合物,其用5gsm的乳液形式的聚合物粘合剂(Vinnapas 192,Wacker+0.8%表面活性剂Aerosol OT75,Cytec Industries)来粘合。
结构7的组成提供在表7和图1D中。图1D示意性显示了引入该结构中的凹槽。
表7.结构7的组成
实施例2:迳流测试(结构1-7)
该实施例提供了实施例1的吸收剂非织造材料的迳流测试。使用结构1、3和6作为对照结构。使用结构2、4、5和7作为实验结构。
卫生产品制造商使用多种测试方法来测定他们的产品的效力。这样的测试之一是迳流测试。迳流测试包括将吸收剂材料样品置于30度平面上,并且用5mL合成血液以38mL/min的速率浸入样品。样品迳流的血液越少,它们的性能越令人期望,并且当测试材料用作最终的卫生吸收剂产品的组分时泄露的可能性越低。
迳流测试
对于结构1-7来说,在8”×2.5”样品上测量迳流。样品与30度成角的树脂玻璃板的底边缘对齐(样品用4巴的压力压实或在测试前根本没有压实),并且使用偏心双组分纤维层作为该结构的顶侧。样品然后用带子连接到板上。将样品用5mL合成血液(来自于Johnson,Moen and Co.Inc;批次号#=528181;2018年5月收到;产品识别=ASTM Fl670合成血液,粘度是5.56cPs和表面张力40-44达因/厘米;化学品=Acrysol Glll:聚丙烯酸铵聚合物,Twitchell 6808表面活性剂,直接红偶氮染料081,和HPLC蒸馏水)通过开启泵7.9秒来浸入。泵将合成血液以38mL/min的流速输送。浸入点与样品底部的水平距离是5cm。传送合成血液的管比样品高1cm。合成血液(其不容易被样品吸收)在塑料称重舟上迳流,并且称重来给出迳流重量。然后计算迳流百分比。
结构1和2
测试了结构1和2的迳流。结构1是对照样品。迳流测试在加工方向上切割的结构1上进行。然后在横向切割的结构1的片上进行迳流测试。同样,迳流测试在切割的结构2上进行,以使得线沿着样品长度延伸。这些线在图2中标记为“长度线”。迳流测试在切割的结构2上进行,以使得线从样品一端到另一端或宽度延伸。这些线在图2中显示为“宽度线”。其后,在样品用4巴的压力压实后,在它们上重复前述四个测试。术语“线”在此用于描述从结构2的底侧观察的纹理化图案,其出现在视线上。结构2的低基重区域产生的线表示凹谷,和结构2的高基重区域产生的线表示峰。
样品1和2的测试结果提供在图2中。
结构2的未压缩的结构(显示在图1B中)在防止迳流方面比结构1的未压缩的结构(显示在图1A)中明显更好。迳流性能中的这种出人意料的改进可以用在俘获液体的表面的相对位置上的纹理化表面来实现,并且与图案方向无关。进一步显示了4巴压实结构的纹理化表面在迳流中所起的作用。用平坦线产生和在横向上切割的4巴压实的结构1的迳流明显高于用成图案的线产生和在横向上切割(以使得线从样品的一端到另一端或宽度来延伸)的4巴压实的结构2。
结构3-5
测试了结构3-5的迳流。结构3是对照样品。迳流测试在加工方向上切割的结构3上进行。然后在加工方向和横向切割的结构4和5的片上进行迳流测试。加工方向样品表示为具有“宽度线”,因为线在样品的整个宽度上延伸。横向样品表示为具有“长度线”,因为线在样品的整个长度上延伸。其后,在样品用4巴的压力压实后,在它们上重复前述五个测试。
样品3-5的测试结果提供在图3中。
全部未压缩的具有成图案的线的S800样品迳流与在平坦成形线上制造的样品相比具有增加的性能。全部压缩样品迳流与对照物相比是相同的或改进的。这个数据还显示了改进的迳流可以用在该结构顶上和底上的图案来提供。
结构6-7
测试了结构6-7的迳流。结构6是对照样品。迳流测试在加工方向上切割的结构6上进行。然后在加工方向和横向上切割的结构7的片上进行迳流测试。加工方向样品表示为具有“宽度线”,因为线在样品的整个宽度上延伸。横向样品表示为具有“长度线”,因为线在样品的整个长度上延伸。其后,在样品用4巴的压力压实后,在它们上重复前述三个测试。
样品6-7的测试结果提供在图4中。
具有宽度线的两种结构7样品(压缩和未压缩的)与对照结构6相比在迳流方面具有增加的性能。具有长度线的两种结构7样品(压缩和未压缩的)的表现低于结构6对照样品。如图4所示,一旦将超吸收剂聚合物(SAP)加入该结构,则全部压缩的样品表现出与未压缩样品相比增加的性能。
除了所述和要求保护的不同的实施方案之外,本发明还涉及具有本文公开和要求保护的特征的其他组合的其他实施方案。同样,本文提出的具体特征可以在本发明范围内以其他方式彼此组合,以使得本发明包括本文公开的特征的任何合适的组合。已经提出了本发明前述的具体实施方案的说明来用于显示和说明的目的。并非打算是穷举的或将本发明限制到公开的那些实施方案。
对本领域技术人员来说很显然可以在本发明的系统和方法内进行不同的改变和变化,而不脱离本发明的主旨或范围。因此,它的目的是本发明包括处于所附权利要求书和它们的等价物范围内的改变和变化。
本文引用了不同的专利和专利申请,其内容整体上通过参考引入本文。
Claims (27)
1.气流成网的非织造材料,其包含:
包含双组分纤维的第一层,和
与第一层相邻布置的第二层,第二层包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维,
其中第二层用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上,
其中第二层的至少一部分是成图案的,和
其中该非织造材料的迳流百分比小于约5%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中第二层的图案结构包含交替的凸脊和凹谷,并且该凸脊的基重高于该凹谷。
3.根据权利要求2所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中该凸脊的宽度是约2mm至约4mm,和该凹谷的宽度是约1mm至约2.5mm。
4.吸收剂制品,其包含根据权利要求1所述的气流成网的非织造材料。
5.气流成网的非织造材料,其包含:
包含双组分纤维的第一层,
与第一层相邻布置的第二层,第二层包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维,和
与第二层相邻布置的第三层,第三层包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维,
其中第三层用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上,
其中第一层和第三层的至少之一的至少一部分是成图案的,和
其中该非织造材料的迳流百分比小于约5%。
6.根据权利要求5所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中第一层和第三层的至少之一的图案结构包含交替的凸脊和凹谷,和该凸脊的基重高于该凹谷。
7.根据权利要求6所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中该凸脊的宽度是约2mm至约4mm,和该凹谷的宽度是约1mm至约2.5mm。
8.吸收剂制品,其包含根据权利要求5所述的气流成网的非织造材料。
9.气流成网的非织造材料,其包含:
包含双组分纤维的第一层,
与第一层相邻布置的第二层,第二层包含纤维素纤维和双组分纤维,
与第二层相邻布置的第三层,第三层包含桉树纤维和双组分纤维,和
位于第二层和第三层之间的超吸收剂聚合物层,
其中第三层用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上,
其中第一层的至少一部分是成图案的,和
其中该非织造材料的迳流百分比小于约5%。
10.根据权利要求9所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中第一层的图案结构包含交替的凸脊和凹谷,并且该凸脊的基重高于该凹谷。
11.根据权利要求10所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中该凸脊的宽度是约2mm至约4mm,和该凹谷的宽度是约1mm至约2.5mm。
12.吸收剂制品,其包含根据权利要求9所述的气流成网的非织造材料。
13.气流成网的非织造材料,其包含:
包含合成纤维的第一层,和
与第一层相邻布置的第二层,第二层包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维,其中该非织造材料在至少一个表面的至少一部分上是成图案的,和
其中该非织造材料的迳流百分比小于约5%。
14.根据权利要求13所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中该非织造材料的迳流百分比小于约1%。
15.根据权利要求13的气流成网的非织造材料,其进一步包含与第二层相邻布置的第三层,第三层包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维。
16.根据权利要求15的气流成网的非织造材料,其进一步包含位于第二层和第三层之间的超吸收剂聚合物层。
17.根据权利要求13所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中第二层用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。
18.根据权利要求15所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中第三层用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。
19.根据权利要求15所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中第三层的纤维素纤维包含桉树纤维。
20.根据权利要求13所述的气流成网的非织造材料,其中第一层和第二层的合成纤维包含双组分纤维。
21.吸收剂制品,其包含根据权利要求13所述的气流成网的非织造材料。
22.气流成网的非织造材料,其包含:
包含合成纤维的第一层,
与第一层相邻布置的第二层,第二层包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维,和
与第二层相邻布置的第三层,第三层包含纤维素纤维和合成纤维,其中该非织造材料在至少一个表面的至少一部分上是成图案的,和
其中该非织造材料的迳流百分比小于约5%。
23.根据权利要求22所述的气流成网的材料,其中该非织造材料的迳流百分比小于约1%。
24.根据权利要求22所述的非织造材料,其进一步包含位于第二层和第三层之间的超吸收剂聚合物层。
25.根据权利要求22所述的非织造材料,其中第三层用粘合剂结合在它的外表面的至少一部分上。
26.根据权利要求22所述的非织造材料,其中第三层的纤维素纤维包含桉树纤维。
27.吸收剂制品,其包含根据权利要求22所述的非织造材料。
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- 2020-05-28 US US17/615,511 patent/US20220211556A1/en active Pending
- 2020-05-28 JP JP2021571436A patent/JP2022534773A/ja active Pending
- 2020-05-28 CA CA3142316A patent/CA3142316A1/en active Pending
- 2020-05-28 EP EP20730744.8A patent/EP3976872A1/en active Pending
- 2020-05-28 KR KR1020217043078A patent/KR20220092456A/ko active Pending
- 2020-05-28 CN CN202080051952.XA patent/CN114127350A/zh active Pending
- 2020-05-28 MX MX2021014738A patent/MX2021014738A/es unknown
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US20220211556A1 (en) | 2022-07-07 |
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JP2022534773A (ja) | 2022-08-03 |
CA3142316A1 (en) | 2020-12-03 |
KR20220092456A (ko) | 2022-07-01 |
WO2020240476A1 (en) | 2020-12-03 |
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