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CN114111929A - A kind of ultrasonic water meter flow measurement method and ultrasonic water meter - Google Patents

A kind of ultrasonic water meter flow measurement method and ultrasonic water meter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114111929A
CN114111929A CN202111185064.XA CN202111185064A CN114111929A CN 114111929 A CN114111929 A CN 114111929A CN 202111185064 A CN202111185064 A CN 202111185064A CN 114111929 A CN114111929 A CN 114111929A
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transducer
ultrasonic
flow
tdc
water meter
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周杰
张丽
周冠委
侯晓欢
皮军
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Shenzhen Hac Telecom Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Hac Telecom Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
    • G01F1/667—Arrangements of transducers for ultrasonic flowmeters; Circuits for operating ultrasonic flowmeters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic water meter flow measuring method and an ultrasonic water meter thereof, wherein the ultrasonic water meter flow measuring method comprises the following steps: s1, the ultrasonic transducer receiving and/or sending ultrasonic pulses: the ultrasonic transducers comprise a second transducer, a third transducer and at least one first transducer; acquiring and storing the flight time of the TDC schemes of the first transducer, the second transducer and the third transducer respectively; s2, acquiring basic parameters of the first transducer, the second transducer and the third transducer in the ultrasonic water meter; s3, calculating and determining the vector velocity of the water flow according to the flight time of the TDC scheme and the basic parameters; and S4, determining the flow rate of the fluid according to the vector velocity of the water flow. The technical scheme of the invention can eliminate the influence of interference factors such as the temperature of the fluid, the essence of the fluid and the like, and can effectively improve the application range, the precision and the reliability of the measurement of the ultrasonic water meter.

Description

Ultrasonic water meter flow measuring method and ultrasonic water meter thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic water meters, in particular to an ultrasonic water meter flow measuring method and an ultrasonic water meter thereof.
Background
The ultrasonic water meter is a novel water meter which further calculates the flow of the outlet water by detecting the time difference generated by the change of the speed when the ultrasonic sound beam propagates in the downstream and the upstream in the water and analyzing and processing the flow to obtain the flow rate of the outlet water. The inner part has no moving part and no flow resisting element, is not influenced by impurities in water and has long service life. The output communication function is complete, and the requirements of various communications and wireless networking are met.
Most of the existing ultrasonic water meter schemes generally adopt two transducers for arrangement, the number of time difference equations which can be obtained is not enough, all variables including the sound velocity c cannot be directly solved, the sound velocity c is estimated by singly measuring the water temperature, the equations can be solved, and the metering function is realized. The sound velocity c is not only related to water temperature, but also closely related to water quality, because real-time measurement of multiple factors influencing the sound velocity c such as water temperature and water quality is difficult, the estimated value c of the sound velocity has unavoidable errors, and finally the error of the ultrasonic water meter in an actual application environment exceeds a limit value, especially in a remote low region with hard water quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for measuring the flow of an ultrasonic water meter, aiming at improving the application range, precision and reliability of the measurement of the ultrasonic water meter.
The above problems to be solved by the present invention are achieved by the following technical solutions:
an ultrasonic water meter flow measuring method comprises the following steps:
s1, the ultrasonic transducer receiving and/or sending ultrasonic pulses: the ultrasonic transducers comprise a second transducer, a third transducer and at least one first transducer; acquiring and storing the flight time of the TDC schemes of the first transducer, the second transducer and the third transducer respectively;
s2, acquiring basic parameters of the first transducer, the second transducer and the third transducer in the ultrasonic water meter;
s3, calculating and determining the vector velocity of the water flow according to the flight time of the TDC scheme and the basic parameters;
and S4, determining the flow rate of the fluid according to the vector velocity of the water flow.
Preferably, in S1, the acquiring and saving the time of flight of the TDC scheme between the first transducer and the second transducer and the third transducer respectively includes: time of flight of ultrasonic waves at TDC of the first transducer to the second transducer, time of flight of ultrasonic waves at TDC of the first transducer to the third transducer, time of flight of ultrasonic waves at TDC of the second transducer to the first transducer, and time of flight of ultrasonic waves at TDC of the third transducer to the first transducer.
Preferably, in S2, the basic parameters include an angle between a sound wave signal transmission direction between the first transducer and the third transducer and the cylinder, and an angle between a sound wave signal transmission direction between the first transducer and the second transducer and the cylinder.
Preferably, in S2, the basic parameters include a difference in displacement between the first transducer and the second transducer in the fluid flow direction and a difference in displacement between the first transducer and the third transducer in the fluid flow direction.
Preferably, in the calculating and determining the vector velocity of the water flow according to the flight time of the TDC scheme and the basic parameter, a flight time equation is established:
Figure BDA0003298085460000021
Figure BDA0003298085460000022
Figure BDA0003298085460000023
Figure BDA0003298085460000024
c and v can be obtained by solving the equation system;
wherein, t is12For ultrasonic waves at said first transducer P1To the second transducer P2The time of flight of the TDC scheme of (1), t13For ultrasonic waves at said first transducer P1To the third transducer P3The time of flight of the TDC scheme of (1), t21For ultrasonic waves at said second transducer P2To the first transducer P1The time of flight of the TDC scheme of (1), t31Ultrasonic waves are generated at the third transducer P3To the first transducer P1The beta is the first transducer P1And the third transducer P3The included angle between the sound wave signal transmission direction and the cylinder body, wherein alpha is the first energy converter P1And the second transducer P2The sound wave signal transmission direction and the cylinder body, L1For the first transducer P1And the second transducer P2A difference in displacement in the fluid flow direction between, said L2For the first transducer P1And the third transducer P3The difference in displacement between the two is in the direction of the fluid flow, v is the vector velocity of the water flow, δ1Measuring the first transducer P for TDC1And the second transducer P2The offset error contained in the result of the time difference signal, said delta2Measuring the first transducer P for TDC1And the third transducer P3The offset error contained in the time difference signal results.
Preferably, the TDC scheme includes:
the first transducer P1 is driven by an electric signal to continuously emit ultrasonic signals of a plurality of cycles, and a timer starts timing at the same time;
the second transducer and the third transducer receive ultrasonic signals and output electric signals, the electric signals are input into the comparator, the comparator outputs reverse rotation and simultaneously saves the real-time numerical value of the timer, and the timer numerical value is continuously and repeatedly stored by triggering for multiple times;
calculating a weighted average of the plurality of timer values as a TDC time difference measurement;
and driving the first transducer, the second transducer and the third transducer according to the steps to obtain a time difference measurement result.
Preferably, in the determination of the flow rate of the fluid according to the vector velocity of the water flow, the system performs time difference measurement and instantaneous flow rate with the period of T, and the product of the instantaneous flow rate and the measurement period is accumulated to obtain the accumulated flow rate, wherein
Figure BDA0003298085460000031
Wherein k is the natural frequency, Qk is the instantaneous flow, T is the measurement period, and Qt is the accumulated flow.
Preferably, an ultrasonic water meter, which uses any one of the above described ultrasonic water meter flow measurement methods, includes:
the device comprises a cylinder body, a fluid channel and a measuring device, wherein the cylinder body is internally provided with the fluid channel which is used for conveying measured fluid;
ultrasonic transducers comprising a second transducer, a third transducer and at least one first transducer, the second transducer, third transducer and first transducer being attached to the cylinder and each being extendable into the fluid passage;
the time-to-digital conversion TDC module comprises a TDC chip, a water flow register and a data buffer, wherein the TDC chip is used for detecting the flight time of sound waves between the first transducer and the second transducer and between the first transducer and the third transducer respectively; the water flow register is used for presetting a measurement period and detection times; the data buffer is used for storing the flight time obtained by the TDC chip;
the main control MCU is used for calculating the flow of the measured fluid and obtaining the water consumption; and the master control MCU is connected with an external terminal through the wireless communication module.
Preferably, the second transducer and the third transducer are located on the same axial line of the flow direction of the fluid to be measured, and the first transducer is located on another axial line of the flow direction of the fluid to be measured different from one end of the second transducer or the third transducer.
Preferably, the wireless communication module selects one or more of LoRa, FSK and NB-IoT.
Has the advantages that: according to the technical scheme, the first transducer is adopted to respectively send ultrasonic signals to the second transducer and the third transducer or the first transducer is adopted to respectively receive the ultrasonic signals of the second transducer and the third transducer, and then the flight time of the TDC scheme of the first transducer and the TDC scheme of the second transducer and the third transducer are obtained and stored; simultaneously acquiring basic parameters of the first transducer, the second transducer and the third transducer in the ultrasonic water meter; then calculating and determining the vector velocity of the water flow; finally, determining the flow rate of the fluid according to the vector velocity of the water flow; furthermore, one or more first transducers are additionally arranged to respectively send or receive sound wave signals of the second transducer and the third transducer and monitor the corresponding flight time of the sound wave signals, so that the temperature and the performance of the monitored fluid can be reduced, the influence of the temperature parameters and the performance parameters of the fluid on the calculated data is reduced, the number of conditions to be calculated is not less than the number of unknown numbers required to be confirmed and calculated, and the solvability of the result is guaranteed; further, the influence of interference factors such as the temperature of the fluid, the essence of the fluid and the like can be eliminated, and the application range, the precision and the reliability of the measurement of the ultrasonic water meter can be effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of an ultrasonic water meter flow measuring method according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an ultrasonic water meter according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an ultrasonic water meter according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if the meaning of "and/or" and/or "appears throughout, the meaning includes three parallel schemes, for example," A and/or B "includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme satisfying both schemes A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an ultrasonic water meter flow measuring method.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic water meter flow measuring method; the method comprises the following steps:
s1, the ultrasonic transducer receiving and/or sending ultrasonic pulses: the ultrasonic transducer comprises a second transducer P2A third transducer P3And at least one first transducer P1(ii) a Acquiring and storing the first transducer P1Respectively connected with the second transducer P2A third transducer P3The time of flight of the TDC scheme of (1);
s2, acquiring a first transducer P1A second transducer P2A third transducer P3Basic parameters in the ultrasonic water meter;
s3, calculating and determining the vector velocity v of the water flow;
and S4, determining the flow rate Q of the fluid according to the vector velocity v of the water flow.
According to the technical scheme, the first transducer is adopted to respectively send ultrasonic signals to the second transducer and the third transducer or the first transducer is adopted to respectively receive the ultrasonic signals of the second transducer and the third transducer, and then the flight time of the TDC scheme of the first transducer and the TDC scheme of the second transducer and the third transducer are obtained and stored; simultaneously acquiring basic parameters of the first transducer, the second transducer and the third transducer in the ultrasonic water meter; then calculating and determining the vector velocity of the water flow; finally, determining the flow rate of the fluid according to the vector velocity of the water flow; furthermore, one or more first transducers are additionally arranged to respectively send or receive sound wave signals of the second transducer and the third transducer and monitor the corresponding flight time of the sound wave signals, so that the temperature and the performance of the monitored fluid can be reduced, the influence of the temperature parameters and the performance parameters of the fluid on the calculated data is reduced, the number of conditions to be calculated is not less than the number of unknown numbers required to be confirmed and calculated, and the solvability of the result is guaranteed; further, the influence of interference factors such as the temperature of the fluid, the essence of the fluid and the like can be eliminated, and the application range, the precision and the reliability of the measurement of the ultrasonic water meter can be effectively improved.
The TDC is a time-to-digital converter, which is a commonly used time interval measuring circuit.
Specifically, in S1, the acquiring and saving the time of flight of the TDC scheme between the first transducer and the second transducer and between the first transducer and the third transducer respectively includes: ultrasonic waves are generated in the first transducer P1To the second transducer P2Time of flight t of the TDC scheme of12Ultrasonic wave is generated in the first transducer P1To the third transducer P3Time of flight t of the TDC scheme of13Ultrasonic waves are generated in the second transducer P2To the first transducer P1Time of flight t of the TDC scheme of21And the ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the third transducer P3To the first transducer P1Time of flight t of the TDC scheme of31。
Specifically, in the S2, the basic parameter includes the first transducer P1And the third transducer P3The included angle beta between the sound wave signal transmission direction and the cylinder body, and the first energy converter P1And the second transducer P2The included angle alpha between the sound wave signal transmission direction and the cylinder body, and the first energy converter P1And the second transducer P2With a displacement difference L in the fluid flow direction therebetween1And said first transducer P1And the third transducer P3With a displacement difference L in the fluid flow direction therebetween2。
Specifically, in the calculation to determine the vector velocity v of the water current, a time-of-flight equation is established:
Figure BDA0003298085460000061
Figure BDA0003298085460000062
Figure BDA0003298085460000063
Figure BDA0003298085460000064
c and v can be obtained by solving the equation system. Wherein c represents the speed of sound propagation in water; v represents the magnitude and direction of the fluid flow velocity; the δ 1 is the offset error included in the time difference signal results of TDC measurements between the first transducer P1 and the second transducer P2, and the δ 2 is the offset error included in the time difference signal results of TDC measurements between the first transducer P1 and the third transducer P3.
Wherein, the TDC scheme includes:
1. driving the first transducer P by an electrical signal1Continuously transmitting ultrasonic signals of a plurality of periods, and starting timing by a timer at the same time;
2. second transducer P2And a third transducer P3Receiving the ultrasonic signal and outputting an electric signal, inputting the electric signal into a comparator, outputting a reverse rotation by the comparator, simultaneously saving the real-time numerical value of the timer, and continuously triggering the timer to save the numerical values reg1 and reg2 for multiple times;
3. calculating a weighted average of the plurality of timer values as a TDC time difference measurement;
4. in turn driving the first transducer P1A second transducer P2A third transducer P3Obtaining a time difference measurement t12、t21、t13And t31。
Specifically, in the process of determining the flow Q of the fluid according to the vector velocity v of the water flow, the system takes T as a period to carry out time difference measurement and instantaneous flow, and the product of the instantaneous flow and the measurement period is accumulated to obtain the accumulated flow Qt，
Figure BDA0003298085460000071
Wherein k is a natural number, QtT is the measurement period for instantaneous flow.
The present invention further provides an ultrasonic water meter, which uses the ultrasonic water meter flow measurement method, and the specific structure of the ultrasonic water meter flow measurement method refers to the above embodiments. Wherein, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the ultrasonic water meter includes:
the measuring device comprises a cylinder body 1, wherein a fluid channel is arranged in the cylinder body 1 and is used for conveying measured fluid;
an ultrasonic transducer including a second transducer P2A third transducer P3And at least one first transducer P1Said second transducer P2And said third transducer P3On the same axial axis of the flow direction of the fluid to be measured, the first transducer P1Is located differently from the second transducer P2Or the third transducer P3One end of the measuring fluid is on the other axial line in the flowing direction of the measured fluid; the first transducer P1Respectively connected with the second transducer P2And a third transducer P3Connecting; wherein, in one embodiment thereof, the first transducer P1One of the first transducers P is selected1Respectively transmitting ultrasonic signals to the second transducers P2And said third transducer P3Or from the second transducer P2And said third transducer P3The ultrasonic signal of (3); wherein, in another embodiment, the first transducer P1When two or more than two transducers are selected, each first transducer P1Respectively transmitting ultrasonic signals to the second transducers P2And said third transducer P3Or from the second transducer P2And said third transducer P3The ultrasonic signal of (3);
the TDC module comprises a TDC chip, a water flow register reg and a data buffer buf, wherein the TDC chip is used for detecting the first transducer P1Respectively connected with the second transducer P2And a third transducer P3Time of flight of the sound waves in between; the water flow register reg is used for presetting a measurement period and detection times; the data buffer buf is used for storing the flight time obtained by the TDC chip; the water flow register reg comprises a fluid test period register reg1 and a fluid measurement time register reg2, and the fluid test period register reg1 is used for presetting an acoustic wave measurement period; the fluid measurement times register reg2 is used for the number of sonic measurements per unit time;
the main control MCU is used for calculating the flow of the measured fluid and obtaining the water consumption; the main control MCU is connected with an external terminal through a wireless communication module NB.
Wherein, the master control MCU is also called as a micro control unit; the frequency and specification of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) are properly reduced, and peripheral interfaces such as a memory (memory), a counter (Timer), a USB (universal serial bus), an A/D (analog/digital) conversion, a UART (universal asynchronous receiver transmitter), a PLC (programmable logic controller), a DMA (direct memory access), and the like, even an LCD (liquid crystal display) driving circuit are integrated on a single chip to form a chip-level computer, so that different combination control is performed on different application occasions; such as cell phones, PC peripherals, remote controls, automotive electronics, industrial stepper motors, robotic arm controls, etc.
The wireless communication module NB supports GPRS and short message two-channel data transmission; supporting multi-center data communication; collecting serial equipment data such as a serial instrument, a collector, a PLC and the like; remote parameter setting and program upgrading are supported; in the embodiment, the wireless communication module NB may use one or more of LoRa, FSK and NB-IoT.
The external terminal may be a smart phone, or may be a terminal device such as a PC (personal computer), a tablet computer, a portable computer, or a server.
Wherein, the terminal may also include: a processor (e.g., CPU), a communications bus, a user interface, a network interface, and memory.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种超声波水表流量测量方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：1. an ultrasonic water meter flow measurement method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: S1、超声波换能器接收和/或发送超声波脉冲：所述超声波换能器包括第二换能器、第三换能器和至少一个第一换能器；获取并保存所述第一换能器分别与所述第二换能器、所述第三换能器的TDC方案的飞行时间；S1. The ultrasonic transducer receives and/or transmits ultrasonic pulses: the ultrasonic transducer includes a second transducer, a third transducer and at least one first transducer; acquire and save the first transducer the flight time of the TDC scheme of the second transducer and the third transducer, respectively; S2、获取所述第一换能器、所述第二换能器、所述第三换能器在超声波水表中的基础参数；S2, acquiring the basic parameters of the first transducer, the second transducer, and the third transducer in the ultrasonic water meter; S3、根据所述TDC方案的飞行时间和所述基础参数计算确定水流的矢量速度；S3, calculate and determine the vector velocity of the water flow according to the flight time of the TDC scheme and the basic parameter; S4、根据所述水流的矢量速度确定流体的流量。S4. Determine the flow rate of the fluid according to the vector velocity of the water flow. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超声波水表流量测量方法，其特征在于，在所述S1中，所述获取并保存所述第一换能器分别与所述第二换能器、所述第三换能器的TDC方案的飞行时间包括：超声波在所述第一换能器到所述第二换能器的TDC方案的飞行时间、超声波在所述第一换能器到所述第三换能器的TDC方案的飞行时间、超声波在所述第二换能器到所述第一换能器的TDC方案的飞行时间和超声波在所述第三换能器到所述第一换能器的TDC方案的飞行时间。2. An ultrasonic water meter flow measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the S1, the acquiring and saving the first transducer and the second transducer, the The flight time of the TDC scheme of the third transducer includes: the flight time of the ultrasonic wave from the first transducer to the TDC scheme of the second transducer, the ultrasonic wave from the first transducer to the Time of flight of the TDC scheme of the third transducer, time of flight of the ultrasonic wave from the second transducer to the first transducer of the TDC scheme and ultrasonic wave from the third transducer to the first Time-of-flight of the transducer's TDC scheme. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种超声波水表流量测量方法，其特征在于，在所述S2中，所述基本参数包括所述第一换能器与所述第三换能器之间的声波信号输送方向与筒体之间夹角、所述第一换能器与所述第二换能器之间的声波信号输送方向与筒体之间夹角。3 . The method for measuring flow rate of an ultrasonic water meter according to claim 2 , wherein in the S2 , the basic parameter includes the difference between the first transducer and the third transducer. 4 . The angle between the conveying direction of the acoustic wave signal and the cylinder body, and the angle between the conveying direction of the acoustic wave signal between the first transducer and the second transducer and the cylinder body. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种超声波水表流量测量方法，其特征在于，在所述S2中，所述基本参数包括所述第一换能器与所述第二换能器之间在所述流体流动方向上位移差和所述第一换能器与所述第三换能器之间在所述流体流动方向上位移差。4 . The method for measuring flow rate of an ultrasonic water meter according to claim 3 , wherein in the S2 , the basic parameter includes the difference between the first transducer and the second transducer. 5 . The displacement difference in the fluid flow direction and the displacement difference between the first transducer and the third transducer in the fluid flow direction. 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种超声波水表流量测量方法，其特征在于，在所述根据所述TDC方案的飞行时间和所述基础参数计算确定水流的矢量速度中，建立飞行时间方程式：5. a kind of ultrasonic water meter flow measurement method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in described according to the time-of-flight of described TDC scheme and described basic parameter to calculate and determine the vector velocity of water flow, establish time-of-flight equation:
Figure FDA0003298085450000011
Figure FDA0003298085450000011
Figure FDA0003298085450000021
Figure FDA0003298085450000021
Figure FDA0003298085450000022
Figure FDA0003298085450000022
Figure FDA0003298085450000023
根据方程组求解可得c和v；
Figure FDA0003298085450000023
According to the equation system, c and v can be obtained; 其中，所述t12为超声波在所述第一换能器P1到所述第二换能器P2的TDC方案的飞行时间，所述t13为超声波在所述第一换能器P1到所述第三换能器P3的TDC方案的飞行时间，所述t21为超声波在所述第二换能器P2到所述第一换能器P1的TDC方案的飞行时间，所述t31超声波在所述第三换能器P3到所述第一换能器P1的TDC方案的飞行时间，所述β为所述第一换能器P1与所述第三换能器P3之间的声波信号输送方向与筒体之间夹角，所述α为所述第一换能器P1与所述第二换能器P2之间的声波信号输送方向与筒体之间夹角，所述L1为所述第一换能器P1与所述第二换能器P2之间在所述流体流动方向上位移差，所述L2为所述第一换能器P1与所述第三换能器P3之间在所述流体流动方向上位移差，所述v为水流的矢量速度，所述δ1为TDC测量所述第一换能器P1与所述第二换能器P2之间时差信号结果中所包含的偏移误差，所述δ2为TDC测量所述第一换能器P1与所述第三换能器P3之间时差信号结果中所包含的偏移误差。Wherein, the t 12 is the flight time of the ultrasonic wave from the first transducer P 1 to the second transducer P 2 in the TDC scheme, and the t 13 is the ultrasonic wave in the first transducer P 1 to the flight time of the TDC scheme of the third transducer P 3 , the t 21 is the flight time of the ultrasonic wave from the second transducer P 2 to the TDC scheme of the first transducer P 1 , the flight time of the ultrasonic wave from the third transducer P3 to the first transducer P1 of the TDC scheme, the β is the first transducer P1 and the first transducer P1 The angle between the sound wave signal transmission direction between the three transducers P 3 and the cylinder, the α is the sound wave signal transmission between the first transducer P 1 and the second transducer P 2 The angle between the direction and the cylinder, the L 1 is the displacement difference between the first transducer P 1 and the second transducer P 2 in the fluid flow direction, and the L 2 is The displacement difference between the first transducer P 1 and the third transducer P 3 in the fluid flow direction, the v is the vector velocity of the water flow, and the δ 1 is the TDC measurement of the first The offset error included in the time difference signal result between a transducer P1 and the second transducer P2, the δ2 is the TDC measurement of the first transducer P1 and the third transducer The offset error contained in the result of the time-difference signal between transducers P3 . 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种超声波水表流量测量方法，其特征在于，TDC方案包括：6. a kind of ultrasonic water meter flow measurement method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, TDC scheme comprises: 通过电信号驱动第一换能器P1连续发射多个周期的超声波信号，计时器同时启动计时；The first transducer P1 is driven by an electrical signal to continuously emit multiple cycles of ultrasonic signals, and the timer starts timing at the same time; 所述第二换能器和所述第三换能器收到超声信号并输出的电信号，电信号输入比较器，比较器输出反转的同时保存计时器实时数值，连续多次触发多次保存计时器数值；The second transducer and the third transducer receive the ultrasonic signal and output the electrical signal, the electrical signal is input to the comparator, and the comparator output inverts and saves the real-time value of the timer, and triggers multiple times in a row. save the timer value; 计算多个计时器数值的加权平均数，作为TDC时差测量结果；Calculate the weighted average of multiple timer values as the TDC time difference measurement result; 依上述步骤驱动所述第一换能器、所述第二换能器、所述第三换能器，获得时差测量结果。Drive the first transducer, the second transducer, and the third transducer according to the above steps to obtain a time difference measurement result. 7.根据权利要求5所述的一种超声波水表流量测量方法，其特征在于，所述根据水流的矢量速度确定流体的流量中，系统以T为周期进行时差测量和瞬时流量，瞬时流量与测量周期的乘积进行累加获得累积流量，其中
Figure FDA0003298085450000031
其中，k为自然次数，Qk为瞬时流量，T为测量周期，Qt为累积流量。7. a kind of ultrasonic water meter flow measurement method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in the described flow rate of fluid according to the vector velocity of water flow is determined, system takes T as a cycle to carry out time difference measurement and instantaneous flow, instantaneous flow and measurement The product of the period is accumulated to obtain the cumulative flow, where
Figure FDA0003298085450000031
Among them, k is the natural order, Qk is the instantaneous flow, T is the measurement period, and Qt is the cumulative flow. 8.一种超声波水表，其特征在于，运用上述权利要求1－7任意一项所述的超声波水表流量测量方法，所述超声波水表包括：8. An ultrasonic water meter, characterized in that, using the ultrasonic water meter flow measurement method according to any one of the preceding claims 1-7, the ultrasonic water meter comprises: 筒体，所述筒体内设有流体通道，所述流体通道用于输送被测量流体；a cylinder, a fluid channel is arranged in the cylinder, and the fluid channel is used for conveying the fluid to be measured; 超声波换能器，所述超声波换能器包括第二换能器、第三换能器和至少一个第一换能器，所述第二换能器、第三换能器和第一换能器连接在筒体上并且均可延伸至所述流体通道内；an ultrasonic transducer comprising a second transducer, a third transducer and at least one first transducer, the second transducer, the third transducer and the first transducer The device is connected to the barrel and can both extend into the fluid channel; 时间数字转换TDC模块，所述时间数字转换TDC模块包括TDC芯片、水流寄存器和数据缓冲器，所述TDC芯片用于检测所述第一换能器分别与所述第二换能器和第三换能器之间的声波飞行时间；所述水流寄存器用于预设测量周期和检测次数；所述数据缓冲器用于存储所述TDC芯片所获得的飞行时间；A time-to-digital conversion TDC module, the time-to-digital conversion TDC module includes a TDC chip, a water flow register and a data buffer, and the TDC chip is used to detect the first transducer and the second transducer and the third The sound wave flight time between transducers; the water flow register is used to preset the measurement period and the number of detections; the data buffer is used to store the flight time obtained by the TDC chip; 主控MCU，所述主控MCU用于计算被测量流体的流量，获取用水量；所述主控MCU通过无线通讯模块与外界终端连接。The main control MCU is used to calculate the flow rate of the fluid to be measured and obtain the water consumption; the main control MCU is connected to an external terminal through a wireless communication module. 9.根据权利要求8所述的一种超声波水表，其特征在于，所述第二换能器和所述第三换能器位于所述被测量流体流动方向的同一轴向轴线上，所述第一换能器位于不同于所述第二换能器或所述第三换能器一端的被测量流体流动方向另一轴向轴线上。9. The ultrasonic water meter according to claim 8, wherein the second transducer and the third transducer are located on the same axial axis of the flow direction of the measured fluid, and the The first transducer is located on an axial axis different from the direction of flow of the fluid being measured at one end of the second transducer or the third transducer. 10.根据权利要求8所述的一种超声波水表，其特征在于，所述无线通讯模块选用LoRa、FSK和NB－IoT中一种或者多种。10 . The ultrasonic water meter according to claim 8 , wherein the wireless communication module selects one or more of LoRa, FSK and NB-IoT. 11 .
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