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CN114062743A - Full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied to power industry - Google Patents

Full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied to power industry Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114062743A
CN114062743A CN202111337717.1A CN202111337717A CN114062743A CN 114062743 A CN114062743 A CN 114062743A CN 202111337717 A CN202111337717 A CN 202111337717A CN 114062743 A CN114062743 A CN 114062743A
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mos transistor
mos
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CN114062743B (en
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王清金
丰明刚
崔力慧
孙瑶
李进
解伟
文孝峰
高龙刚
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Qingdao Tuowei Technology Co.,Ltd.
Qingdao Zhidian New Energy Technology Co ltd
Qingdao Topscomm Communication Co Ltd
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Qingdao Topscomm Communication Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/28Provision in measuring instruments for reference values, e.g. standard voltage, standard waveform
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R25/00Arrangements for measuring phase angle between a voltage and a current or between voltages or currents

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种应用于电力行业的全桥开关特征电流发生装置,包括储能电感L1,用于滤波的安规电容C1,用于储能的电解电容C2,MOS管Q1、Q2,用于选择电源工作模式的MOS管Q3、Q4;C1第一端与L1第一端连接于电网火线,L1第二端与Q4源极、Q1漏极连接,Q4漏极与Q2漏极、C2阳极连接,C1第二端与Q3源极、Q2漏极连接于电网零线,Q1源极与Q2源极、C2阴极连接。本发明在保证了相位识别准确率的基础上,通过BUCK、BOOST电路交替工作的方式实现了接近无损的特征电流发生,具备了更高的功率转换效率,有效地降低了线损,提升了线路的安全性,具有很强的工程实用性。

Figure 202111337717

The invention discloses a full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied to the power industry, comprising an energy storage inductor L1, a safety capacitor C1 for filtering, an electrolytic capacitor C2 for energy storage, MOS transistors Q1 and Q2, MOS transistors Q3 and Q4 for selecting the working mode of the power supply; the first end of C1 and the first end of L1 are connected to the grid live wire, the second end of L1 is connected to the source of Q4 and the drain of Q1, the drain of Q4 is connected to the drain of Q2 and the anode of C2 connected, the second end of C1 is connected to the source electrode of Q3 and the drain electrode of Q2 is connected to the neutral line of the grid, and the source electrode of Q1 is connected to the source electrode of Q2 and the cathode electrode of C2. On the basis of ensuring the accuracy of phase identification, the present invention realizes near-lossless characteristic current generation through the alternate operation of BUCK and BOOST circuits, has higher power conversion efficiency, effectively reduces line loss, and improves line security, with strong engineering practicability.

Figure 202111337717

Description

Full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied to power industry
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of phase identification, in particular to a full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied to the power industry.
Background
When three phase lines of a low-voltage distribution network extend to a user terminal for wiring, A, B, C phases are often difficult to distinguish and only wiring is convenient. Under the condition, the three phases are unbalanced in electricity consumption, so that the load of one phase or two phases is overweight, the three-phase current is unbalanced, the line loss is increased, and even the burning of a transformer, fire and the like can be caused, so that the phase identification requirement is met. In order to realize phase identification, a common method today is to inject a characteristic current signal with a certain frequency into a power line, and a signal receiving end judges a phase by analyzing the characteristics of the current signal.
Currently, there are two main common schemes for characteristic current injection: 1. a resistance switching scheme, which generates a characteristic current based on switching resistances connected in parallel in a line, but has a problem in that the existence of the switching resistances causes the power of the part to be completely lost; 2. according to the capacitor switching scheme, a switching capacitor connected in parallel in a circuit is charged by a power grid, the charged electric energy is converted into characteristic current to be injected into a power line for analysis, power loss does not exist in the whole process, the amplitude of the current injected by the scheme is limited, the analyzed characteristic is not obvious enough, the noise interference of the power grid is easy to occur, and the identification accuracy is relatively insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied to the power industry, which realizes near lossless characteristic current generation through the alternative working mode of BUCK and BOOST circuits on the basis of ensuring the accuracy rate of phase recognition.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied to the power industry comprises an energy storage inductor L1, an ampere-standard capacitor C1 used for filtering, an electrolytic capacitor C2 used for storing energy, MOS tubes Q1 and Q2 working at high frequency, and MOS tubes Q3 and Q4 working at low frequency and used for selecting the working mode of a power supply;
the connection relationship is as follows: a first end of a capacitor C1 and a first end of an inductor L1 are connected to a live wire of a power grid, a second end of an inductor L1 is connected to a source electrode of a MOS tube Q4 and a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1, a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q4 is connected to a drain electrode of a MOS tube Q2 and an anode electrode of a capacitor C2, a second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to a source electrode of a MOS tube Q3 and a drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 are connected to a zero line of the power grid, and a source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to a source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 and a cathode electrode of the capacitor C2.
Further, when the power supply of the device is in a BOOST mode and the voltage of the power grid is positive, the MOS transistor Q1 is used as a main switching transistor, the body diode of the MOS transistor Q4 is a freewheeling diode, and the MOS transistors Q2, Q3 and Q4 are turned off;
when Q1 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow direction is: body diode-neutral N for live line L-L1-Q1-Q2;
when Q1 is turned off, L1 discharges, L1 and the power grid supply power to the electrolytic capacitor C2 at the same time, and the current flow direction is as follows: body diode-C2 anode of live line L-L1-Q4-C2 cathode-Q2 body diode-neutral N.
Further, when the power supply of the device is in a BUCK mode and the voltage of the power grid is positive, the MOS transistor Q2 is used as a main switching transistor, the body diode of the MOS transistor Q3 is a freewheeling diode, the MOS transistors Q1 and Q3 are turned off, and the MOS transistor Q4 is turned on;
when Q2 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow direction is: an anode of an electrolytic capacitor C2-Q4-L1-an-rule capacitor C1 and a connecting end of a live wire L-C1 and a connecting end of a zero wire N-Q2-C2 cathode;
when Q2 is turned off, L1 discharges, L1 and the power grid supply power to C2 simultaneously, and the current flow direction is: the left end-C1 of the L1 is connected with the end-C1 of the L live wire and the end-Q4 of the N neutral wire is connected with the right end of the L1 body diode.
Further, when the power supply of the device is in a BOOST mode and the voltage of the power grid is negative, the MOS transistor Q2 is used as a main switching transistor, the body diode of the MOS transistor Q1 is a freewheeling diode, and the MOS transistors Q1, Q3 and Q4 are turned off;
when Q2 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow direction is: a body diode-L1-live line L of the neutral line N-Q2-Q1;
when Q2 is turned off, L1 discharges, L1 and the power grid supply power to the electrolytic capacitor C2 at the same time, and the current flow direction is as follows: body diode-C2 anode of neutral N-Q3-C2 cathode-body diode-L1-live L of Q1.
Further, when the device is negative in grid voltage and the power supply works in a BUCK mode, the MOS tube Q1 is used as a main switching tube, the body diode of the MOS tube Q2 is a freewheeling diode, the MOS tubes Q2 and Q4 are turned off, and the MOS tube Q3 is turned on;
when Q1 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow direction is: an anode of an electrolytic capacitor C2-Q3-an ampere capacitor C1 is connected with a zero line N end-C1 is connected with a live line L end-L1-Q1-C2 cathode;
when Q1 is turned off, L1 discharges, L1 and the power grid supply power to C2 simultaneously, and the current flow direction is: the right end of L1-the body diode-Q3-C1 of Q4-the connecting end-C1 of neutral wire N and the left end of live wire L connecting end-L1.
Further, the MOS tube in the device can be replaced by any switching tube.
Further, the number of frequency points of the current signal injected into the power grid by the device can be any number, and the frequency point value can be as follows: (m + -50 n) Hz, wherein m is an integer of not less than 300 and n is an integer.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: on the basis of guaranteeing the phase recognition accuracy, the mode of working through BUCK, BOOST circuit in turn has realized that near harmless characteristic current takes place, has possessed higher power conversion efficiency, has reduced the line loss effectively, has promoted the security of circuit, has very strong engineering practicality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall circuit schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention when the grid voltage is positive and the power supply is operating in BOOST mode.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention when the grid voltage is positive and the power supply is operating in BUCK mode.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the device according to the present invention when the grid voltage is negative and the power supply is operating in BOOST mode.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention when the grid voltage is negative and the power supply is operating in BUCK mode.
FIG. 6 is a timing diagram illustrating the characteristic current and the operating status of each MOS transistor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a full-bridge switching characteristic current generating device applied to the power industry includes an energy storage inductor L1, a safety capacitor C1 for filtering, an electrolytic capacitor C2 for storing energy, MOS transistors Q1 and Q2 working at high frequency, and MOS transistors Q3 and Q4 working at low frequency and used for selecting a power supply working mode;
the first end of the capacitor C1 and the first end of the inductor L1 are connected to a live wire of a power grid, the second end of the inductor L1 is connected to a source of the MOS transistor Q4 and a drain of the MOS transistor Q1, a drain of the MOS transistor Q4 is connected to a drain of the MOS transistor Q2 and an anode of the capacitor C2, the second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to a source of the MOS transistor Q3 and a drain of the MOS transistor Q2 are connected to a neutral wire of the power grid, and a source of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to a source of the MOS transistor Q2 and a cathode of the capacitor C2.
The device has 4 modes of operation:
1. as shown in fig. 2, when the grid voltage is positive and the power supply operates in the BOOST mode, the MOS transistor Q1 is used as a main switching transistor, the body diode of the MOS transistor Q4 is a freewheeling diode, and the MOS transistors Q2, Q3, and Q4 are turned off;
when Q1 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow direction is: the body diode of the live wire L-L1-Q1-Q2 (when the MOS tube is turned off, the current flows through the parasitic body diode in the MOS tube, and the same applies below) -the zero line N;
when Q1 is turned off, L1 discharges, L1 and the power grid supply power to the electrolytic capacitor C2 at the same time, and the current flow direction is as follows: body diode-C2 anode of live line L-L1-Q4-C2 cathode-Q2 body diode-neutral N.
2. As shown in fig. 3, when the grid voltage is positive and the power supply operates in the BUCK mode, the MOS transistor Q2 serves as a main switching transistor, the body diode of the MOS transistor Q3 serves as a freewheeling diode, the MOS transistors Q1 and Q3 are turned off, and the MOS transistor Q4 is turned on;
when Q2 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow direction is: an anode of an electrolytic capacitor C2-Q4-L1-an-rule capacitor C1 and a connecting end of a live wire L-C1 and a connecting end of a zero wire N-Q2-C2 cathode;
when Q2 is turned off, L1 discharges, L1 and the power grid supply power to C2 simultaneously, and the current flow direction is: the left end-C1 of the L1 is connected with the end-C1 of the L live wire and the end-Q4 of the N neutral wire is connected with the right end of the L1 body diode.
3. As shown in fig. 4, when the grid voltage is negative and the power supply operates in the BOOST mode, the MOS transistor Q2 is used as a main switching transistor, the body diode of the MOS transistor Q1 is a freewheeling diode, and the MOS transistors Q1, Q3, and Q4 are turned off;
when Q2 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow direction is: a body diode-L1-live line L of the neutral line N-Q2-Q1;
when Q2 is turned off, L1 discharges, L1 and the power grid supply power to the electrolytic capacitor C2 at the same time, and the current flow direction is as follows: body diode-C2 anode of neutral N-Q3-C2 cathode-body diode-L1-live L of Q1.
4. As shown in fig. 5, when the grid voltage is negative and the power supply operates in the BUCK mode, the MOS transistor Q1 serves as a main switching transistor, the body diode of the MOS transistor Q2 serves as a freewheeling diode, the MOS transistors Q2 and Q4 are turned off, and the MOS transistor Q3 is turned on;
when Q1 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow direction is: an anode of an electrolytic capacitor C2-Q3-an ampere capacitor C1 is connected with a zero line N end-C1 is connected with a live line L end-L1-Q1-C2 cathode;
when Q1 is turned off, L1 discharges, L1 and the power grid supply power to C2 simultaneously, and the current flow direction is: the right end of L1-the body diode-Q3-C1 of Q4-the connecting end-C1 of neutral wire N and the left end of live wire L connecting end-L1.
The MOS tube in the device can be replaced by a triode, an IGBT and other switching tubes.
The frequency point number of the current signal injected into the power grid by the device can be any number, and the frequency point value can be as follows: (m + -50 n) Hz, wherein m is an integer of not less than 300 and n is an integer. The setting of multiple frequency points helps to further improve the identification accuracy.
In order to implement the scheme of the invention, the digital power supply chip at least needs to be provided with: a 3-way ADC sampling function, a 1-way capture function and two complementary PWM generators. The dsPIC33ck32MP102 is selected as the digital power supply chip in the embodiment, and the requirements are met. Two complementary PWM generators are used for generating control signals of 4 switching tubes; the 3-path ADC sampling function is used for acquiring voltage and current information of the circuit to realize closed-loop control; the 1-path capturing function is used for capturing a current sending signal of the host, the device starts to work when the signal is captured, and otherwise, the device is in a standby state and does not send characteristic current information.
The scheme is subjected to simulation verification, the output voltage ripple is within 10V, the peak current is about 1.5A, and the device can realize normal switching between BUCK energy release and BOOST energy storage and achieve a stable state under the power frequency voltage, so that the feasibility of the scheme is proved.
The embodiment selects the hardware parameters as follows:
output power: 35.8W;
input voltage: 154 to 286 Vac;
input frequency: 50 Hz;
output voltage: 390V;
output capacitance: 10 muF;
inductance: 100 muH;
switching frequency: 400 to 600 kHz.
As shown in fig. 6, when a current sending signal of the host is received, the device starts to operate, according to the principle, the device alternately operates in the BOOST and BUCK modes by controlling the on and off of 4 switching tubes within the full power frequency period, and further injects a current signal with a frequency of 833Hz and a duty ratio of 33% into the 220V power grid, and the peak value of the current signal follows a sinusoidal trend and the maximum value is 2A. And then, the host continuously collects the current information of the power grid and performs Fourier decomposition on the current information, when the host and the device are positioned on the same phase line, the frequency point energy of 833Hz can be detected, namely, the phase line detection is completed, otherwise, the host and the device are not positioned on the same phase line.
Furthermore, the characteristic current signals sent by the invention are subjected to Fourier decomposition, and 5 detectable frequency points are set, in the embodiment, the frequency points of the field equipment are 733Hz, 783Hz, 833Hz, 883Hz and 933Hz, the invention can be perfectly adapted to the field equipment, and redundant design can be carried out on the excessive frequency points, thereby being beneficial to further improving the detection accuracy.
The characteristic current generating process using the scheme of the invention is nearly lossless, and the frequency point energy of the generated current signal can be consistent with the resistor switching scheme. The amplitude of the generated current can also be adjusted as required in case of sufficient space for power density.
The above-mentioned embodiments are illustrative of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not restrictive, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes and modifications to obtain corresponding equivalent technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so that all equivalent technical solutions should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种应用于电力行业的全桥开关特征电流发生装置,其特征在于,包括储能电感L1,用于滤波的安规电容C1,用于储能的电解电容C2,MOS管Q1、Q2,用于选择电源工作模式的MOS管Q3、Q4;1. a full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied to the power industry, is characterized in that, comprising energy storage inductor L1, safety capacitor C1 for filtering, electrolytic capacitor C2 for energy storage, MOS tubes Q1, Q2 , MOS transistors Q3 and Q4 used to select the working mode of the power supply; 其连接关系为:电容C1的第一端与电感L1的第一端连接于电网的火线,电感L1的第二端与MOS管Q4的源极、MOS管Q1的漏极连接,MOS管Q4的漏极与MOS管Q2的漏极、电容C2的阳极连接,电容C1的第二端与MOS管Q3的源极、MOS管Q2的漏极连接于电网的零线,MOS管Q1的源极与MOS管Q2的源极、电容C2的阴极连接。The connection relationship is as follows: the first end of the capacitor C1 and the first end of the inductor L1 are connected to the live wire of the power grid, the second end of the inductor L1 is connected to the source of the MOS tube Q4 and the drain of the MOS tube Q1, and the second end of the MOS tube Q4 is connected. The drain is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 and the anode of the capacitor C2. The second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q3 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the neutral line of the power grid. The source of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the neutral line of the power grid. The source of the MOS transistor Q2 and the cathode of the capacitor C2 are connected. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于电力行业的全桥开关特征电流发生装置,其特征在于,所述装置在电网电压为正且电源工作在BOOST模式时,MOS管Q1作为主开关管,MOS管Q4的体二极管为续流二极管,MOS管Q2、Q3、Q4关断;2. The device for generating characteristic current of a full-bridge switch used in the power industry according to claim 1, wherein the device uses the MOS transistor Q1 as the main switch when the grid voltage is positive and the power supply operates in the BOOST mode. The body diode of the MOS transistor Q4 is a freewheeling diode, and the MOS transistors Q2, Q3, and Q4 are turned off; Q1导通时,给储能电感L1充电,电流流向为:火线L-L1-Q1-Q2-零线N;When Q1 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow is: live wire L-L1-Q1-Q2-neutral wire N; Q1关断时,L1放电,电流流向为:火线L-L1-Q4-C2阳极-C2阴极-Q2-零线N。When Q1 is turned off, L1 discharges, and the current flows as follows: live wire L-L1-Q4-C2 anode-C2 cathode-Q2-neutral wire N. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于电力行业的全桥开关特征电流发生装置,其特征在于,所述装置在电网电压为正且电源工作在BUCK模式时,MOS管Q2作为主开关管,MOS管Q3的体二极管为续流二极管,MOS管Q1、Q3关断,MOS管Q4导通;3. a kind of full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied to power industry according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described device is positive in grid voltage and power supply works in BUCK mode, MOS tube Q2 is used as main switch The body diode of the MOS transistor Q3 is a freewheeling diode, the MOS transistors Q1 and Q3 are turned off, and the MOS transistor Q4 is turned on; Q2导通时,给储能电感L1充电,电流流向为:电解电容C2阳极-Q4-L1-安规电容C1与火线L连接端-C1与零线N连接端-Q2-C2阴极;When Q2 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow is: anode of electrolytic capacitor C2-Q4-L1-connection terminal of safety capacitor C1 and live wire L-C1 and neutral wire N connection terminal-Q2-C2 cathode; Q2关断时,L1放电,电流流向为:L1左端-C1与火线L连接端-C1与零线N连接端-Q3-Q4-L1右端。When Q2 is turned off, L1 discharges, and the current flows as follows: the left end of L1-C1 and the connection end of the live wire L-C1 and the connection end of the neutral wire N-Q3-Q4-the right end of L1. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于电力行业的全桥开关特征电流发生装置,其特征在于,所述装置在电网电压为负且电源工作在BOOST模式时,MOS管Q2作为主开关管,MOS管Q1的体二极管为续流二极管,MOS管Q1、Q3、Q4关断;4. The device for generating characteristic current of a full-bridge switch used in the power industry according to claim 1, wherein the device uses the MOS transistor Q2 as the main switch when the grid voltage is negative and the power supply operates in a BOOST mode The body diode of the MOS transistor Q1 is a freewheeling diode, and the MOS transistors Q1, Q3, and Q4 are turned off; Q2导通时,给储能电感L1充电,电流流向为:零线N-Q2-Q1-L1-火线L;When Q2 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow is: zero line N-Q2-Q1-L1-live line L; Q2关断时,L1放电,电流流向为:零线N-Q3-C2阳极-C2阴极-Q1-L1-火线L。When Q2 is turned off, L1 discharges, and the current flows as follows: neutral line N-Q3-C2 anode-C2 cathode-Q1-L1-live line L. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于电力行业的全桥开关特征电流发生装置,其特征在于,所述装置在电网电压为负且电源工作在BUCK模式时,MOS管Q1作为主开关管,MOS管Q2的体二极管为续流二极管,MOS管Q2、Q4关断,MOS管Q3导通;5. a kind of full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied to power industry according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described device is negative in grid voltage and power supply works in BUCK mode, MOS tube Q1 is used as main switch The body diode of the MOS transistor Q2 is a freewheeling diode, the MOS transistors Q2 and Q4 are turned off, and the MOS transistor Q3 is turned on; Q1导通时,给储能电感L1充电,电流流向为:电解电容C2阳极-Q3-安规电容C1与零线N相接端-C1与火线L相接端-L1-Q1-C2阴极;When Q1 is turned on, the energy storage inductor L1 is charged, and the current flow is: anode of electrolytic capacitor C2-Q3-connection of safety capacitor C1 and neutral line N-connection of C1 to live line L-L1-Q1-C2 cathode; Q1关断时,L1放电,电流流向为:L1右端-Q4-Q3-C1与零线N连接端-C1与火线L连接端-L1左端。When Q1 is turned off, L1 is discharged, and the current flow is: the right end of L1-Q4-Q3-C1 and the connection end of the neutral wire N-C1 and the connection end of the live wire L-the left end of L1. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于电力行业的全桥开关特征电流发生装置,其特征在于,所述装置中的MOS管均可用任意开关管替换。6 . The device for generating a characteristic current of a full-bridge switch used in the power industry according to claim 1 , wherein the MOS transistors in the device can be replaced by any switch transistors. 7 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于电力行业的全桥开关特征电流发生装置,其特征在于,所述装置向电网注入的电流信号的频点数量可为任意个,频点值可为:(m±50n)Hz,其中m为不小于300的整数,n为整数。7 . The device for generating characteristic current of a full-bridge switch used in the power industry according to claim 1 , wherein the number of frequency points of the current signal injected by the device into the power grid can be any number, and the value of the frequency points can be 1. 8 . is: (m±50n) Hz, where m is an integer not less than 300, and n is an integer.
CN202111337717.1A 2021-11-11 2021-11-11 A full-bridge switch characteristic current generating device applied in the electric power industry Active CN114062743B (en)

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