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CN114019638B - A kind of air-blown micro-cable, its preparation method and air-blown construction method - Google Patents

A kind of air-blown micro-cable, its preparation method and air-blown construction method Download PDF

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CN114019638B
CN114019638B CN202210007575.0A CN202210007575A CN114019638B CN 114019638 B CN114019638 B CN 114019638B CN 202210007575 A CN202210007575 A CN 202210007575A CN 114019638 B CN114019638 B CN 114019638B
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cable
core
blowing
micro
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CN114019638A (en
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陈学山
黄�俊
吴帆
楚一帆
罗俊超
杨向荣
祁林
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Shantou High Tech Zone Aoxing Optical Communication Equipment Co ltd
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Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443Protective covering
    • G02B6/4432Protective covering with fibre reinforcements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479Manufacturing methods of optical cables
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479Manufacturing methods of optical cables
    • G02B6/4486Protective covering

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种气吹微缆,包括中心加强芯,所述中心加强芯为空心结构,并且该中心加强芯的内腔作为气吹通道以用于气吹。本发明的气吹微缆具有如下优点:1)相同结构尺寸气吹微缆条件下,本发明的气吹微缆重量更轻。2)采用中心加强芯的空心结构,从气吹微缆的中心加强芯内加入气压,气吹时受到中心加强芯内气流的牵引力,气吹效率高,施工效率高。3)可对气吹微缆的内、外同时施加气压进行气吹,气吹距离更远。

Figure 202210007575

The invention discloses an air-blown micro-cable, comprising a central reinforcing core, wherein the central reinforcing core is a hollow structure, and the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core serves as an air-blowing channel for air-blowing. The air-blown micro-cable of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) Under the condition of the air-blown micro-cable of the same structural size, the air-blown micro-cable of the present invention is lighter in weight. 2) The hollow structure of the central reinforcing core is adopted, and the air pressure is added from the central reinforcing core of the air-blown micro-cable. When the air is blown, it is subject to the traction force of the air flow in the central reinforcing core. The air blowing efficiency is high and the construction efficiency is high. 3) The air pressure can be applied to the inside and outside of the air-blown micro-cable at the same time for air blowing, and the air blowing distance is longer.

Figure 202210007575

Description

一种气吹微缆、其制备方法及气吹施工方法A kind of air-blown micro-cable, its preparation method and air-blown construction method

技术领域technical field

本发明属于光缆领域,更具体地,涉及一种气吹微缆、其制备方法及气吹施工方法。The invention belongs to the field of optical cables, and more particularly, relates to an air-blown micro-cable, a preparation method thereof and an air-blown construction method.

背景技术Background technique

当前,随着我国通信行业发展和移动5G建设需求,导致网络容量需求不断提升。同时,城市土地资源日益匮乏,城市管道资源越来越紧张,因此急需在有限的管道中增加光纤芯数的同时增加光缆的光纤集装密度,而气吹光缆技术成为解决这一问题的重要途径之一。At present, with the development of my country's communication industry and the demand for mobile 5G construction, the demand for network capacity continues to increase. At the same time, urban land resources are increasingly scarce, and urban pipeline resources are becoming more and more tense. Therefore, it is urgent to increase the number of optical fiber cores in the limited pipeline and increase the optical fiber assembly density of the optical cable. Air-blown optical cable technology has become an important way to solve this problem. one.

气吹微缆是一种可以使用“气吹”方式进行敷设的光缆,它具有光纤密度高、直径小、重量轻和气吹敷设效率高的优点,在主干网、局域网和接入网等中均有广泛的应用,有效地节省管道资源,满足网络扩容建设需求。随着互联网普及和手机上网需求,数据传输量越来越大,原来小芯数气吹微缆已经不能满足当前需求,大芯数的气吹微缆需求量不断攀升,但是大芯数气吹微缆存在光缆重、气吹距离短、气吹效率低等特点。Air-blown micro-cable is a kind of optical cable that can be laid by "air-blown" method. It has the advantages of high fiber density, small diameter, light weight and high air-blown laying efficiency. It has a wide range of applications, effectively saves pipeline resources, and meets the needs of network expansion and construction. With the popularity of the Internet and the demand for mobile Internet access, the amount of data transmission is increasing. The original small-core air-blown micro-cable can no longer meet the current demand. Micro-cable has the characteristics of heavy optical cable, short air blowing distance and low air blowing efficiency.

常见的GCYFY-144B1.3光缆的外径大约在7.9mm,每公里重量大约60KG/km,在一般施工条件下,将缆吹入12/10mm的气吹管道内,气吹距离通常大约在1000米左右(气吹距离长短与光缆表面及管道摩擦系数等有关),因光缆芯数较大,光纤接续将需要更多的成本。The outer diameter of the common GCYFY-144B1.3 optical cable is about 7.9mm, and the weight per kilometer is about 60KG/km. Under normal construction conditions, the cable is blown into a 12/10mm air blowing pipe, and the air blowing distance is usually about 1000. About meters (the length of the air blowing distance is related to the surface of the optical cable and the friction coefficient of the pipe, etc.), due to the large number of optical cable cores, the optical fiber connection will require more costs.

目前气吹微缆在实际开发过程中碰到的问题为:1)中心管式气吹微缆结构直径相对较大,在5/3.5mm规格的微管中占空比(微缆横截面外缘的面积/微管横截面内缘的面积)偏高,影响到气吹效果;2)中心管式气吹微缆的外护套全部为高密度聚乙烯HDPE,其摩擦系数从0.12到0.35不等,主要与各厂家选择护套料的牌号和加工工艺相关,在高占空比下,以这样的摩擦系数是很难有比较好的气吹效果,因此有些结构的中心管式气吹微缆为弥补摩擦系数的不足,在护套表面设置一些气流槽道,客观上可以降低产品摩擦系数,但在实际气吹应用时由于护套表面材料的磨损以及高温高压的材料黏连,气吹效果改善不大,在气吹距离上很难有大的突破,难以满足客户长距离气吹及高效施工的要求,在碰到比较复杂的施工路由和管道质量不佳的情况,会影响工程进展;3)HDPE作为护套料的气吹微缆与HDPE材料作为气吹管道的同种材料摩擦时,摩擦系数波动幅度特别大,反映在气吹效果上就是气吹速度不稳定,影响气吹施工安全。At present, the problems encountered in the actual development process of the air-blown micro-cable are: 1) The diameter of the central tube-type air-blown micro-cable is relatively large, and the duty ratio in the 5/3.5mm micro-tube (outside the cross-section of the micro-cable) The area of the edge / the area of the inner edge of the cross section of the microtube) is too high, which affects the air blowing effect; 2) The outer sheath of the central tube air-blown microcable is all high-density polyethylene HDPE, and its friction coefficient is from 0.12 to 0.35 It is mainly related to the choice of the grade of the sheath material and the processing technology of each manufacturer. Under the high duty cycle, it is difficult to have a better air blowing effect with such a friction coefficient. Therefore, some structures have central tube air blowing. In order to make up for the lack of friction coefficient of the micro-cable, some airflow channels are set on the surface of the sheath, which can objectively reduce the friction coefficient of the product. The blowing effect is not much improved, and it is difficult to make a big breakthrough in the air blowing distance, and it is difficult to meet the customer's requirements for long-distance air blowing and efficient construction. In the case of complicated construction routes and poor pipeline quality, it will affect the project. Progress; 3) When the air-blown micro-cable with HDPE as the sheath material rubs against the same material as the HDPE material as the air-blown pipe, the friction coefficient fluctuates greatly, which is reflected in the air-blowing effect that the air-blowing speed is unstable, which affects the air-blowing effect. Blow construction safety.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求,本发明提供了一种气吹微缆、其制备方法及气吹施工方法,其可进行内、外同时气吹,气吹距离变长,将减少接续的工作量,减低了施工成本,提高了效率,在不改变气吹微缆外径的条件下,有效的提高了气吹微缆的气吹距离。In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides an air-blown micro-cable, a preparation method thereof and an air-blown construction method, which can be simultaneously air-blown inside and outside, and the air-blowing distance becomes longer, which will reduce the number of connections. The workload is reduced, the construction cost is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the air-blown distance of the air-blown micro-cable is effectively increased without changing the outer diameter of the air-blown micro-cable.

为实现上述目的,按照本发明的一个方面,提供了一种气吹微缆,包括中心加强芯,其特征在于,所述中心加强芯为空心结构,并且该中心加强芯的内腔作为气吹通道以用于气吹。In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, an air-blown microcable is provided, comprising a central reinforcing core, characterized in that the central reinforcing core is a hollow structure, and the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core serves as an air-blown microcable. channel for air blowing.

优选地,所述中心加强芯的内壁的粗糙度大于该气吹微缆的外护套外壁的粗糙度,以提升气吹的牵引力。Preferably, the roughness of the inner wall of the central reinforcing core is greater than the roughness of the outer wall of the outer sheath of the air-blown microcable, so as to improve the traction force of the air-blown microcable.

优选地,所述中心加强芯的内空占比为23%~30%。Preferably, the inner space ratio of the central reinforcing core is 23% to 30%.

优选地,还包括套接在该气吹微缆的外护套的一端的、用于安装到气吹机上的密封轴承,该密封轴承的内腔与所述中心加强芯的内腔连通,以便气吹机朝所述中心加强芯的内腔吹气。Preferably, it also includes a sealed bearing sleeved on one end of the outer sheath of the air-blown micro-cable and used to be installed on the air-blowing machine, and the inner cavity of the sealed bearing is communicated with the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core, so that The air blower blows air toward the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core.

优选地,所述中心加强芯包括空心的芯管以及设置在所述芯管的管壁上的加强件,所述加强件的轴向与所述芯管的轴向一致,所述加强件凸出所述芯管的内壁并且不超出所述芯管的外壁;Preferably, the central reinforcement core comprises a hollow core tube and a reinforcement member disposed on the tube wall of the core tube, the axial direction of the reinforcement member is consistent with the axial direction of the core tube, and the reinforcement member is convex out of the inner wall of the core tube and not beyond the outer wall of the core tube;

所述芯管的横截面的外边缘和所述加强件的横截面均为圆形,两个所述加强件的横截面的圆心的连线记为l,l经过芯管的横截面的外边缘的圆心。The outer edge of the cross-section of the core tube and the cross-section of the reinforcement are both circular, and the line connecting the centers of the cross-sections of the two reinforcements is denoted as l, and l passes through the outer edge of the cross-section of the core tube. The center of the circle.

按照本发明的另一个方面,还提供了所述的气吹微缆的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided the preparation method of the air-blown micro-cable, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

1)中心加强芯的生产:将加强件分别穿过挤塑机机头的模芯上的开孔,模芯内吹气以用于形成芯管的内腔,高分子材料在模芯的外侧流动并附在加强件上形成芯管,芯管与加强件共同形成空心的中心加强芯;1) Production of central reinforcing core: The reinforcing pieces are respectively passed through the openings on the die core of the extruder head, and air is blown in the die core to form the inner cavity of the core tube, and the polymer material is on the outside of the die core. Flow and attach to the reinforcement to form a core tube, and the core tube and the reinforcement together form a hollow central reinforcement core;

2)真空定径:让中心加强芯通过真空定径装置的真空定径套,通过真空定径套保证中心加强芯的外径和椭圆度达到设定要求,然后将中心加强芯盘储在第一绕线盘上;2) Vacuum sizing: let the central reinforcing core pass through the vacuum sizing sleeve of the vacuum sizing device, and ensure that the outer diameter and ovality of the central reinforcing core meet the set requirements through the vacuum sizing sleeve, and then store the central reinforcing core disk in the first on a winding reel;

3)光缆子单元生产:光纤束从第二绕线盘放出,涂覆纤膏后进入挤塑机,挤塑机成型出套管套在光纤束上,套管、纤膏和光纤束共同形成光缆子单元,然后将光缆子单元盘储在第三绕线盘上;3) Optical cable sub-unit production: The optical fiber bundle is released from the second winding reel, and then enters the extruder after being coated with fiber paste. The extruder forms a sleeve and covers it on the optical fiber bundle. Optical cable sub-units, and then the optical cable sub-units are stored on the third spool;

4)缆芯生产:中心加强芯从第一绕线盘放出并且多根光缆子单元从第三绕线盘放出,中心加强芯上放阻水纱,光缆子单元以绞合的方式按照设定的绞合节距包覆在中心加强芯周围,在光缆子单元上包覆芳纶纱,以此方式形成缆芯,缆芯盘储在第四绕线盘上;4) Cable core production: The central reinforcing core is released from the first reel and a plurality of optical cable sub-units are released from the third reel, the water-blocking yarn is placed on the central reinforcing core, and the optical cable sub-units are twisted according to the setting The twisting pitch of the fiber optic cable is wrapped around the central reinforcing core, and the aramid yarn is wrapped on the optical cable subunit to form the cable core in this way, and the cable core coil is stored on the fourth spool;

5)外护套生产:测试合格的缆芯从第四绕线盘放出,缆芯上放阻水纱,然后通过挤塑机形成包覆在缆芯周围的外护套,外护套和缆芯共同形成所述气吹微缆。5) Outer sheath production: The cable core that has passed the test is released from the fourth winding reel, the water-blocking yarn is placed on the cable core, and then the outer sheath wrapped around the cable core is formed by an extruder. The cores together form the air-blown microcable.

按照本发明的另一个方面,还提供了所述的气吹微缆的气吹施工方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:According to another aspect of the present invention, the air-blown construction method of the air-blown micro-cable is also provided, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

1)将盘储在绕线盘上的气吹微缆的内端和外端分别从绕线盘上放出设定长度,所述气吹微缆的外端用于在气吹管道内行进,所述气吹微缆的内端设置密封轴承;1) The inner end and the outer end of the air-blown micro-cable stored on the spool are respectively released from the spool to set the length, and the outer end of the air-blown micro-cable is used to travel in the air-blown duct, The inner end of the air-blown micro-cable is provided with a sealed bearing;

2)让密封轴承的位置超出工字绕线盘的端部侧板,然后将密封轴承密封安装在气吹机上,并使密封轴承的中心线与工字绕线盘的中心线同轴布置;2) Let the position of the sealed bearing extend beyond the end side plate of the I-shaped spool, then install the sealed bearing seal on the air blower, and make the centerline of the sealed bearing and the centerline of the I-shaped spool coaxially arranged;

3)工字绕线盘旋转来对气吹微缆进行放线,气吹机吹出的气流经过密封轴承的内腔后流入中心加强芯的内腔,从而推动气吹微缆的外端在气吹管道内行进。3) The I-shaped spool is rotated to pay off the air-blown micro-cable. The air blown by the air-blower passes through the inner cavity of the sealed bearing and flows into the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core, thereby pushing the outer end of the air-blown micro-cable in the air. Travel inside the blowpipe.

优选地,所述气吹微缆的外侧也采用另一台气吹机进行气吹。Preferably, another air blowing machine is used to blow the outside of the air-blown micro-cable.

优选地,所述气吹微缆用于伸入气吹管道的一端安装有堵头,以用于封堵中心加强芯的端部。Preferably, a plug is installed at one end of the air blowing micro-cable that is used to extend into the air blowing pipe, so as to block the end of the central reinforcing core.

优选地,中心加强芯的内部气吹的气压不超过12bar。Preferably, the air pressure of the inner air blow of the central reinforcing core does not exceed 12 bar.

总体而言,通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比,能够取得下列有益效果:In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

1)本发明的气吹微缆,因中心加强芯采用空心结构,而气吹微缆的外径尺寸没有变,导致气吹微缆的重量变轻,气吹微缆和气吹管道的摩擦力减小,气吹施工时可在绕线盘上的气吹微缆的内端朝中心加强芯的内部施加气压,可实现从内部气吹的效果,有助于提高其气吹距离。1) The air-blown micro-cable of the present invention adopts a hollow structure for the central reinforcing core, and the outer diameter of the air-blown micro-cable does not change, resulting in a lighter weight of the air-blown micro-cable and the friction between the air-blown micro-cable and the air-blown pipe. Reduced, during the air blowing construction, the inner end of the air blowing micro-cable on the spool can apply air pressure to the inside of the central reinforcing core, which can achieve the effect of air blowing from the inside and help to increase its air blowing distance.

2)本发明的气吹微缆,气吹微缆的一端有堵头,在对中心加强芯的内部吹气的气吹过程中,气吹微缆不但受到摩擦力和推力,气吹微缆的一端还有堵头的牵引力,这样在气吹过程中,特别是在管道路由转弯的地方,气吹微缆更容易过弯,这样气吹距离更远,气吹效率更高。2) In the air-blown micro-cable of the present invention, one end of the air-blown micro-cable is provided with a plug. During the air-blowing process of blowing air to the interior of the central reinforcing core, the air-blown micro-cable is not only subjected to friction and thrust, but also the air-blown micro-cable. There is also the traction force of the plug at one end, so that during the air blowing process, especially in the place where the pipeline route turns, the air blowing micro-cable is easier to bend, so that the air blowing distance is longer and the air blowing efficiency is higher.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的气吹微缆的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the air-blown micro-cable of the present invention;

图2是本发明的气吹微缆气吹施工时盘储在绕线盘上的示意图;Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the air-blown micro-cable of the present invention is stored on the spool during air-blown construction;

图3是本发明的气吹微缆的制备方法中的挤塑机上使用的模芯的示意图;Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the mold core used on the extruder in the preparation method of the air-blown microcable of the present invention;

在所有附图中,相同的附图标记用来表示相同的元件或结构,其中:1-加强件;2-中心加强芯;3-阻水纱;4-光纤;5-纤膏;6-套管;7-芳纶纱;8-外护套;101-绕线盘;102-密封轴承;103-气吹微缆;9-模芯;91-开孔。In all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein: 1-strength; 2-central reinforcing core; 3-water blocking yarn; 4-fiber; 5-fiber paste; 6- Sleeve; 7-aramid yarn; 8-outer sheath; 101-winding reel; 102-sealed bearing; 103-air-blown microcable; 9-mould core; 91-opening.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。此外,下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

参照图1~图3,一种气吹微缆103,包括外护套8以及设置在外护套8内的中心加强芯2、光缆子单元和阻水纱3,多根所述光缆子单元以绞合的方式布置在所述中心加强芯2的周围,所述中心加强芯2和所述光缆子单元上分别设置阻水纱3,所述中心加强芯2包括空心的芯管以及设置在所述芯管的管壁上的、相互平行的两根加强件1,加强件1优选采用FRP条,所述芯管的内腔作为气吹通道以用于气吹。所述加强件1的轴向与所述芯管的轴向一致,所述加强件1凸出所述芯管的内壁并且不超出所述芯管的外壁,这种结构可以提高中心加强芯2的强度,使得中心加强芯2能承受较大的气压。本发明结构的气吹微缆103,因中心加强芯2采用空心结构,而气吹微缆103的尺寸没有变,导致气吹微缆103的重量变轻,气吹微缆103和气吹管道之间的摩擦力减小。1 to 3, an air-blown micro-cable 103 includes an outer sheath 8, a central reinforcing core 2, an optical cable sub-unit and a water blocking yarn 3 arranged in the outer sheath 8, and a plurality of the optical cable sub-units are Arranged around the central reinforcing core 2 in a twisted manner, water blocking yarns 3 are respectively arranged on the central reinforcing core 2 and the optical cable subunit, and the central reinforcing core 2 includes a hollow core tube and a The two reinforcing members 1 on the tube wall of the core tube that are parallel to each other, preferably FRP strips are used for the reinforcing member 1, and the inner cavity of the core tube is used as an air blowing channel for air blowing. The axial direction of the reinforcement member 1 is consistent with the axial direction of the core tube. The reinforcement member 1 protrudes from the inner wall of the core tube and does not exceed the outer wall of the core tube. This structure can improve the central reinforcement core 2 The strength of the central reinforcing core 2 can withstand greater air pressure. The air-blown micro-cable 103 of the structure of the present invention adopts a hollow structure for the central reinforcing core 2, and the size of the air-blown micro-cable 103 does not change, resulting in a lighter weight of the air-blown micro-cable 103. The difference between the air-blown micro-cable 103 and the air-blown pipe friction between them is reduced.

所述中心加强芯2的横截面为中心对称结构,对于所述芯管的横截面而言,其外边缘为圆,其内边缘有两段弧线并且每段弧线的端部分别与一所述加强件1的横截面连接。The cross-section of the central reinforcing core 2 is a center-symmetric structure. For the cross-section of the core tube, its outer edge is a circle, and its inner edge has two arcs, and the ends of each arc are respectively connected with one arc. The cross-section of the reinforcement 1 is connected.

所述加强件1的横截面为圆形,两个所述加强件1的横截面的圆心的连线记为l,l经过芯管的横截面的外边缘的圆心。The cross-section of the reinforcing member 1 is circular, and the line connecting the centers of the cross-sections of the two reinforcing members 1 is denoted as l, where l passes through the center of the outer edge of the cross-section of the core tube.

所述中心加强芯2的内壁的粗糙度大于所述外护套8的外壁的粗糙度,以提升气吹的牵引力。The roughness of the inner wall of the central reinforcing core 2 is greater than the roughness of the outer wall of the outer sheath 8, so as to improve the traction force of the air blowing.

所述中心加强芯2的内空占比(可以认为是中心加强芯2截面内缘的面积/中心加强芯2截面外缘的面积)为23%~30%,以在中心加强芯2的内腔形成足够高的气压,从中心加强芯2内部气吹的气压最大可以到12bar。The inner space ratio of the central reinforcing core 2 (it can be considered as the area of the inner edge of the cross-section of the central reinforcing core 2/the area of the outer edge of the cross-section of the central reinforcing core 2) is 23% to 30%, so that the inner space of the central reinforcing core 2 is 23% to 30%. The cavity forms a sufficiently high air pressure, and the air pressure blown from the inside of the central reinforcing core 2 can reach a maximum of 12 bar.

通常气吹微缆103相对进口的硅芯管的摩擦系数为0.05-0.07,为了增加中心加强芯2管内气吹的牵引力,在生产中心加强芯2时改变材料特性,使中心加强芯2内壁摩擦系数比较大。此摩擦系数是一个相对值,气吹微缆103的表面的摩擦系数是和硅芯管之间的相对值,内部中心加强芯2的摩擦系数大一点,是和气吹微缆103表面相比较,即中心加强芯2内壁要比外护套8的外表面粗糙,粗糙度要大一些。Generally, the friction coefficient of the air-blown micro-cable 103 relative to the imported silicon core tube is 0.05-0.07. In order to increase the traction force of the air blowing in the central reinforcing core 2, the material properties are changed during the production of the central reinforcing core 2, so that the inner wall of the central reinforcing core 2 is rubbed. coefficient is relatively large. The friction coefficient is a relative value. The friction coefficient of the surface of the air-blown micro-cable 103 is a relative value between the surface of the air-blown micro-cable 103 and the silicon core tube. That is, the inner wall of the central reinforcing core 2 is rougher than the outer surface of the outer sheath 8, and the roughness is larger.

针对气吹微缆103盘储在绕线盘上放线气吹的情况,气吹微缆103的外护套的8一端还套装有用于安装到气吹机上的密封轴承,该密封轴承的内腔与所述中心加强芯2的内腔连通,以便气吹机朝所述中心加强芯2的内腔吹气。气吹机可以朝密封轴承的内腔吹气,则气流也会进入中心加强芯2的内腔,从而可推动气吹微缆在气吹管道内行走。In view of the situation where the air-blown micro-cable 103 is coiled and stored on the spool for air blowing, the 8 end of the outer sheath of the air-blown micro-cable 103 is also sheathed with a sealed bearing for installation on the air blower. The cavity communicates with the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core 2 , so that the air blower blows air toward the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core 2 . The air blower can blow air toward the inner cavity of the sealed bearing, and the air flow will also enter the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core 2, so that the air-blown micro-cable can be pushed to travel in the air-blown duct.

按照本发明的另一个方面,还提供了所述的气吹微缆103的制备方法,包括以下步骤:According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing the air-blown micro-cable 103 is also provided, comprising the following steps:

1)中心加强芯2的生产:将每根加强件1分别穿过挤塑机机头的模芯9上的一开孔91,两根FRP条保证180度对称放置,模芯9内吹气以用于形成芯管的内腔,高分子材料在模芯9的外侧流动并附在两根加强件1上形成芯管,芯管与两根加强件1共同形成空心的所述中心加强芯2,高分子材料优选采用PE材料。1) Production of the central reinforcing core 2: each reinforcing piece 1 is passed through an opening 91 on the die core 9 of the extruder head, and the two FRP strips are placed symmetrically at 180 degrees, and air is blown in the die core 9. In order to form the inner cavity of the core tube, the polymer material flows on the outside of the mold core 9 and is attached to the two reinforcing members 1 to form the core tube, and the core tube and the two reinforcing members 1 together form the hollow central reinforcing core. 2. The polymer material is preferably PE material.

2)真空定径:让中心加强芯2通过真空定径装置的真空定径套,通过真空定径套保证中心加强芯2的外径和椭圆度达到设定要求,中心加强芯2的外径为4.1mm,椭圆度一般会小于5%,通过这种工艺生产出来的中心加强芯2壁厚大概在0.5mm-0.6mm。然后将中心加强芯2盘储在第一绕线盘上。2) Vacuum sizing: let the central reinforcing core 2 pass through the vacuum sizing sleeve of the vacuum sizing device, and ensure that the outer diameter and ovality of the central reinforcing core 2 meet the set requirements through the vacuum sizing sleeve, and the outer diameter of the central reinforcing core 2 is 4.1mm, and the ovality is generally less than 5%. The wall thickness of the central reinforcing core 2 produced by this process is about 0.5mm-0.6mm. The central reinforcement core 2 is then reeled onto the first spool.

3)光缆子单元生产:光纤束4从第二绕线盘放出,涂覆纤膏5后进入挤塑机,挤塑机成型出套管6套在光纤束4上,套管6、纤膏5和光纤束4共同形成光缆子单元,然后将光缆子单元盘储在第三绕线盘上;所述光缆子单元的套管6采用PBT材料或TPEE材料,套管6内充填触变形纤膏5,不但对光纤形成保护,还保证了套管6的防渗水性能。套管6的外径控制在1.42mm-1.5mm,通过绞合工艺将光纤余长控制在±0.02%,套管6的壁厚控制在0.1mm-0.15mm,套管6测试合格后即可生产缆芯。3) Optical cable sub-unit production: the optical fiber bundle 4 is released from the second winding reel, and after coating the fiber paste 5, it enters the extruder, and the extruder shapes the sleeve 6 and sets it on the optical fiber bundle 4. 5 and the optical fiber bundle 4 together form an optical cable sub-unit, and then the optical cable sub-unit is stored on the third reel; the sleeve 6 of the optical cable sub-unit adopts PBT material or TPEE material, and the sleeve 6 is filled with thixotropic fibers The paste 5 not only protects the optical fiber, but also ensures the waterproof performance of the sleeve 6 . The outer diameter of the sleeve 6 is controlled at 1.42mm-1.5mm, the excess length of the optical fiber is controlled at ±0.02% through the twisting process, the wall thickness of the sleeve 6 is controlled at 0.1mm-0.15mm, and the sleeve 6 can be tested after passing the test. Production of cable cores.

4)缆芯生产:中心加强芯2从第一绕线盘放出并且多根光缆子单元从第三绕线盘放出,中心加强芯2的张力控制在25N-35N,光缆子单元以1N的张力放出,中心加强芯2上放阻水纱3,优选在中心加强芯2上绕放和直放各1根ZS-10.0的阻水纱3,光缆子单元以绞合的方式按照设定的绞合节距包覆在中心加强芯2周围,在光缆子单元上包覆芳纶纱7,优选通过2根规格为1500D(1670Dtex)的芳纶纱7固定光缆子单元,芳纶纱7张力尽量小,防止扎伤套管6,以此方式形成缆芯,缆芯盘储在第四绕线盘上;绕纱采用飞梭放线,保证了光缆子单元和中心加强芯2的防渗水性能。4) Cable core production: The central reinforcing core 2 is released from the first reel and a plurality of optical cable sub-units are released from the third reel. Release, put the water blocking yarn 3 on the central reinforcing core 2, preferably one ZS-10.0 water blocking yarn 3 is wound on the central reinforcing core 2 and placed directly on the central reinforcing core 2, and the optical cable sub-unit is twisted according to the set twist. It is wrapped around the central reinforcing core 2 at a certain pitch, and the aramid yarn 7 is covered on the optical cable sub-unit. It is preferable to fix the optical cable sub-unit by two aramid yarns 7 with a specification of 1500D (1670 Dtex), and the tension of the aramid yarn 7 is as far as possible. The cable core is formed in this way, and the cable core is stored on the fourth winding reel; the yarn is wound with a flying shuttle, which ensures the waterproofness of the optical cable sub-unit and the central reinforcing core 2. performance.

5)外护套8生产:测试合格的缆芯从第四绕线盘放出,缆芯上放阻水纱3,优选在缆芯外直放和绕放阻水纱3保证防渗水性能,然后通过挤塑机形成包覆在缆芯周围的外护套8,外护套8和缆芯共同形成所述气吹微缆103;所述的外护套8采用摩擦系数较小的北欧化工HDPE6069。5) Production of outer sheath 8: the cable core that has passed the test is released from the fourth winding reel, and the water-blocking yarn 3 is placed on the cable core. Then, the outer sheath 8 wrapped around the cable core is formed by an extruder, and the outer sheath 8 and the cable core together form the air-blown micro-cable 103; the outer sheath 8 adopts Borealis with a small friction coefficient HDPE6069.

通过以上步骤即完成此气吹微缆103的生产,通过此工艺生产的气吹微缆103重量轻,气吹距离长,气吹效率高,通过生产的气吹微缆103比对试验,发现此结构气吹微缆103气吹距离比传统的光缆距离长50%,相同的气吹条件下,气吹速度更快,气吹相同长度的气吹微缆,时间将节约30%,通过此发明生产出的气吹微缆103,为施工提供了便利,提高了气吹施工的效率。The production of the air-blown micro-cable 103 is completed through the above steps. The air-blown micro-cable 103 produced by this process is light in weight, long in air-blowing distance and high in air-blowing efficiency. Through the comparison test of the produced air-blown micro-cable 103, it is found that The air blowing distance of the air-blown micro-cable 103 of this structure is 50% longer than that of the traditional optical cable. Under the same air-blowing condition, the air-blowing speed is faster, and the air-blown micro-cable of the same length will save 30% of the time. The air-blown micro-cable 103 produced by the invention provides convenience for construction and improves the efficiency of air-blown construction.

按照本发明的另一个方面,还提供了所述的气吹微缆103的气吹施工方法,包括以下步骤:According to another aspect of the present invention, the air-blown construction method of the air-blown micro-cable 103 is also provided, comprising the following steps:

1)将盘储在绕线盘上的气吹微缆103的内端和外端(气吹微缆103的两端,分为内端和外端,外端可自由放线,内端无法自由放线)分别从绕线盘上放出设定长度,气吹微缆103的外端用于在气吹管道内行进,在气吹微缆103的内端安装密封轴承102。气吹微缆103的内端放出的长度大约2米。1) The inner and outer ends of the air-blown micro-cable 103 stored on the winding reel (the two ends of the air-blown micro-cable 103 are divided into an inner end and an outer end, the outer end can be paid out freely, and the inner end cannot. Free pay-off) are respectively released from the spool for a set length, the outer end of the air-blown micro-cable 103 is used to travel in the air-blown pipe, and the inner end of the air-blown micro-cable 103 is installed with a sealed bearing 102 . The length of the air-blown microcable 103 released from the inner end is about 2 meters.

2)让密封轴承102的位置超出工字绕线盘101的端部侧板(工字绕线盘101具有中间圆筒和设置在中间圆筒两端的端部侧板,中间圆筒用于绕、放线),然后将密封轴承102密封安装在气吹机上,并使密封轴承102的中心线与工字绕线盘101的中心线同轴布置。可通过管卡将气吹微缆103的安装有密封轴承102的这一段固定在工字绕线盘101的端部侧板,防止工字绕线盘101旋转时此段甩动;此段由于要承受扭力对光纤有影响,最终可去除不用。2) Let the position of the sealed bearing 102 extend beyond the end side plate of the I-shaped reel 101 (the I-shaped reel 101 has a middle cylinder and end side plates arranged at both ends of the middle cylinder, and the middle cylinder is used for winding , pay off), and then seal the sealed bearing 102 installed on the air blower, and make the center line of the sealed bearing 102 and the center line of the I-shaped spool 101 coaxially arranged. The section of the air-blown micro-cable 103 where the sealed bearing 102 is installed can be fixed on the end side plate of the I-shaped spool 101 through a tube clamp to prevent the I-shaped spool 101 from swinging when the I-shaped spool 101 rotates; To bear the torsional force has an effect on the optical fiber, and can eventually be removed.

3)工字绕线盘101旋转来对气吹微缆103进行放线,气吹机向中心加强芯2的内腔吹气来推动气吹微缆103的外端在气吹管道内行进。同时,可选的,所述气吹微缆103的外侧也采用另一台气吹机进行气吹,从而可对气吹微缆103进行内、外吹气,提升气吹效率,气吹微缆103的中心加强芯2内部的气压优选小于外护套8外侧的气压,有效防止气吹微缆103在气吹管道内晃动。当对气吹微缆103的内端气吹放线时,由于工字绕线盘101同时也在旋转,气吹微缆103也会被工字绕线盘101带着一起转动,密封轴承102可以保证气吹微缆103的内端同步退扭来旋转,不影响气吹机向中心加强芯2内部加压。此外,所述气吹微缆103用于伸入气吹管道的一端安装有堵头,以用于封堵中心加强芯2的端部,则在气吹过程中,气吹微缆103不但受到摩擦力和推力,气吹微缆103的一端还有堵头的牵引力,这样在气吹过程中,特别是在气吹管道转弯的地方,气吹微缆103更容易过弯,这样气吹距离更远,气吹效率更高。当然,从安全性考虑,也可以不使用堵头封堵,也能实现内部气吹。3) The I-shaped spool 101 is rotated to pay off the air-blown micro-cable 103, and the air-blower blows air into the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core 2 to push the outer end of the air-blown micro-cable 103 to travel in the air-blown pipe. At the same time, optionally, another air blower is also used for air blowing on the outside of the air blowing micro-cable 103, so that the air blowing micro-cable 103 can be blown inside and outside, so as to improve the air blowing efficiency, and the air blowing The air pressure inside the central reinforcing core 2 of the cable 103 is preferably lower than the air pressure outside the outer sheath 8, which effectively prevents the air-blown micro-cable 103 from shaking in the air-blown pipe. When the inner end of the air-blown micro-cable 103 is blown and paid out, since the I-shaped spool 101 is also rotating at the same time, the air-blown micro-cable 103 will also be carried by the I-shaped spool 101 to rotate together, sealing the bearing 102 It can ensure that the inner end of the air-blown micro-cable 103 rotates synchronously by de-twisting, and does not affect the air-blower to pressurize the interior of the central reinforcing core 2 . In addition, a plug is installed at one end of the air-blown micro-cable 103 that is used to extend into the air-blowing pipe, so as to block the end of the central reinforcing core 2, then during the air-blowing process, the air-blown micro-cable 103 is not only affected by Friction and thrust, one end of the air blowing micro-cable 103 also has the traction force of the plug, so that during the air blowing process, especially in the place where the air blowing pipe turns, the air blowing micro-cable 103 is easier to bend, so that the air blowing distance Farther, the air blowing efficiency is higher. Of course, from the perspective of safety, it is not necessary to use a plug to seal, and internal air blowing can also be achieved.

本领域的技术人员容易理解,以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, etc., All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An air-blowing micro cable, comprising a central reinforcing core (2), characterized in that the central reinforcing core (2) is of a hollow structure, and the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core (2) is used as an air-blowing channel for air-blowing; the roughness of the inner wall of the central reinforcing core (2) is larger than that of the outer wall of the outer sheath (8) of the air-blowing micro cable, so that the air-blowing traction force is improved.
2. An air-blown micro-cable according to claim 1, wherein the hollow proportion of said central reinforcing core (2) is 23% to 30%.
3. An air-blowing micro-cable according to claim 1, further comprising a sealing bearing sleeved at one end of the outer sheath of the air-blowing micro-cable for mounting to an air-blowing machine, the inner cavity of the sealing bearing being in communication with the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core (2) so that the air-blowing machine blows air towards the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core (2).
4. A gas-blown micro cable according to claim 1, wherein the central reinforcing core (2) comprises a hollow core tube and a reinforcing member (1) provided on a wall of the core tube, an axial direction of the reinforcing member (1) being coincident with an axial direction of the core tube, the reinforcing member (1) protruding from an inner wall of the core tube and not exceeding an outer wall of the core tube;
the outer edge of the cross section of the core tube and the cross section of the reinforcing piece (1) are both circular, the connecting line of the circle centers of the cross sections of the two reinforcing pieces (1) is marked as l, and the l passes through the circle center of the outer edge of the cross section of the core tube.
5. A method of making an air-blown micro-cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
1) production of the central reinforcing core (2): respectively enabling the reinforcing parts (1) to pass through openings (91) on a mold core (9) of a machine head of an extruding machine, blowing air into the mold core (9) to form an inner cavity of a core pipe, enabling the high polymer material to flow outside the mold core (9) and be attached to the reinforcing parts (1) to form the core pipe, and enabling the core pipe and the reinforcing parts (1) to form a hollow central reinforcing core (2);
2) vacuum sizing: the central reinforcing core (2) passes through a vacuum sizing sleeve of a vacuum sizing device, the outer diameter and the ovality of the central reinforcing core (2) are guaranteed to meet set requirements through the vacuum sizing sleeve, and then the central reinforcing core (2) is wound on a first wire winding disc;
3) and (3) optical cable subunit production: the optical fiber bundle (4) is discharged from the second wire spool, the optical fiber bundle enters an extruding machine after being coated with the fiber paste (5), a sleeve (6) formed by the extruding machine is sleeved on the optical fiber bundle (4), the sleeve (6), the fiber paste (5) and the optical fiber bundle (4) jointly form an optical cable subunit, and then the optical cable subunit is coiled on a third wire spool;
4) cable core production: the central reinforced core (2) is paid out from the first wire reel and the optical cable subunits are paid out from the third wire reel, the water-blocking yarn (3) is paid out from the central reinforced core (2), the optical cable subunits are wrapped around the central reinforced core (2) according to the set stranding pitch in a stranding mode, the aramid yarn (7) is wrapped on the optical cable subunits, in this way, a cable core is formed, and the cable core is stored on the fourth wire reel;
5) production of the outer sheath (8): and the cable core qualified in test is discharged from the fourth wire spool, the water-blocking yarn (3) is placed on the cable core, then an outer sheath (8) coated around the cable core is formed by a plastic extruding machine, and the outer sheath (8) and the cable core jointly form the air-blowing micro cable.
6. The air-blowing construction method of the air-blowing micro cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
1) respectively discharging the inner end and the outer end of an air-blowing micro cable (103) which is stored on a wire spool to set lengths from the wire spool, wherein the outer end of the air-blowing micro cable (103) is used for advancing in an air-blowing pipeline, and the inner end of the air-blowing micro cable (103) is provided with a sealing bearing (102);
2) the position of the sealing bearing (102) exceeds the end side plate of the I-shaped wire spool (101), then the sealing bearing (102) is hermetically installed on the air blowing machine, and the central line of the sealing bearing (102) and the central line of the I-shaped wire spool (101) are coaxially arranged;
3) the I-shaped wire spool (101) rotates to pay off the air-blowing micro cable (103), and air flow blown out by the air-blowing machine flows into the inner cavity of the central reinforcing core (2) after passing through the inner cavity of the sealing bearing (102), so that the outer end of the air-blowing micro cable (103) is pushed to advance in an air-blowing pipeline.
7. The air-blowing construction method of the air-blowing micro cable according to claim 6, wherein the outside of the air-blowing micro cable (103) is also air-blown by another air-blowing machine.
8. The air-blowing construction method of the air-blowing micro cable according to claim 6, wherein a plug is installed at one end of the air-blowing micro cable (103) for extending into an air-blowing pipeline, so as to plug the end of the central reinforcing core (2).
9. The air-blowing construction method of an air-blowing micro cable as claimed in claim 6, wherein the air pressure of the air-blowing inside the central reinforcing core (2) is not more than 12 bar.
CN202210007575.0A 2022-01-06 2022-01-06 A kind of air-blown micro-cable, its preparation method and air-blown construction method Active CN114019638B (en)

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US7027697B2 (en) * 2001-12-28 2006-04-11 Pirelli Communications Cables And Systems Usa, Llc Cable having conduits for receiving optical fibers
US7241953B2 (en) * 2003-04-15 2007-07-10 Cable Components Group, Llc. Support-separators for high performance communications cable with optional hollow tubes for; blown optical fiber, coaxial, and/or twisted pair conductors
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