CN113975619B - Device and method for controlling microneedle penetration based on light - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for controlling microneedle penetration based on light. The device includes: a light-responsive shape-memory composite material, which consists of a light-to-heat conversion material and a temperature-responsive shape-memory material; the light-responsive shape-memory composite material is heated and stretched to a set length and then cooled to maintain the stretched Then fix its two ends on the fixed seat, the middle part is raised upwards and the lower surface of the middle part is fixed with downward-facing microneedles; the light source can irradiate the light-responsive shape memory composite material to make it shrink and recover after absorbing heat and heating up To the original shape and then drive the microneedle to move downward. The method adopts the above-mentioned device to irradiate the light source on the photoresponsive shape memory composite material, and the photoresponsive shape memory composite material absorbs heat under the light and then shrinks back to the original shape, driving the microneedle to move downward and pierce the target things.

Description

A device and method for controlling microneedle penetration based on light

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of microneedle application, in particular to a device and method for controlling microneedle penetration based on light.

Background technique

The microneedle transdermal drug delivery platform is a new type of transdermal drug delivery system that has been developed rapidly in the past 30 years. It has the advantages of painless, minimally invasive, and self-service.

Microneedles physically form a large number of micron-scale channels on the surface of target tissues, which greatly improves the delivery efficiency of drugs, especially for the delivery of biomacromolecules, such as vaccines, insulin, antibodies, genetic materials, etc.

At present, the main mode of action of microneedles is pressing with fingers. Although this method brings convenience to the use of microneedles, the unbalanced and unstable force affects the consistency of microneedle drug delivery.

At the same time, affected by the rapid development of microneedle research in the field of transdermal drug delivery, a large number of studies in recent years have expanded the application of microneedle drug delivery to other tissues and organs, such as cornea, gastrointestinal tract, vascular tissue, heart, etc. The application in these tissues and organs puts forward higher requirements for the precise control of the microneedle penetration process (such as penetration depth, force, trigger mode, etc.).

Therefore, it is urgent to develop more diverse, precise and effective microneedle action modes that can be controlled on demand.

Various microneedle application devices and methods have been developed to improve the precision and effectiveness of microneedle drug delivery. The most common method is to use elastic elements such as springs to achieve repeatability of microneedle penetration by releasing fixed energy.

In addition, patent CN105126243B discloses a microneedle propulsion device based on high-pressure gas. The device generates impact force through air pressure release, so that the needle structure completely enters the skin to achieve the stability of the dosage.

Patent CN105246541B discloses a microneedle applicator based on structural design, which transforms the applicator from the first stable configuration to the second stable configuration by applying force, and uses the fixed energy difference between the two different stable configurations to increase the applied force. stability.

Although these devices and methods have improved the repeatability of microneedle application, they are usually limited to a fixed force or penetration depth, and there is still a certain gap from precise control. At the same time, the existing triggering methods cannot realize remote control of the insertion of microneedles.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a device based on light-controlled microneedle penetration. The device can remotely control microneedle penetration through illumination, specifically by acting on a light-responsive shape-memory composite material through a light source to cause a shape-memory effect, thereby The microneedle is driven to penetrate, and the force applied to the microneedle can be precisely controlled and the maximum penetration depth of the microneedle can be limited by regulating the degree of deformation of the photoresponsive shape memory composite.

A device for controlling microneedle penetration based on light, comprising:

Light-responsive shape-memory composites, whose composition includes light-to-heat conversion materials and temperature-responsive shape-memory materials; light-responsive shape-memory composites are heated and stretched to a set length and then cooled to maintain the temporary shape after stretching, and then Fix its two ends on the fixed seat, the middle part is raised upwards and the lower surface of the middle part is fixed with a downward facing microneedle;

The light source can irradiate the light-responsive shape-memory composite material so that it absorbs heat and heats up to shrink back to the original shape and then drives the microneedle to move downward.

When the light-controlled microneedle penetration device of the present invention is in operation, when the light source is irradiated on the photo-responsive shape-memory composite material in a temporary state, part of the photo-responsive shape-memory composite material fixed on the fixing seat will be controllable according to the light intensity. The deformation recovery can generate force to drive the microneedle to penetrate accurately.

The light-to-heat conversion material can be compounded on the shape-memory material by coating, mixing or depositing, etc., and can affect the deformation state of the shape-memory material by converting light energy into heat energy.

In the device for penetrating microneedles based on light control, the microneedles can be at least one of solid microneedles, dissolvable microneedles, hollow microneedles, coated microneedles, and hydrogel microneedles.

In the device for penetrating microneedles based on light control, the shape-memory material may be at least one of shape-memory polymer, shape-memory ceramic, and shape-memory alloy.

The shape memory polymers include but are not limited to polynorbornene, cross-linked polyethylene, trans-1,4-polyisoprene, perfluorosulfonic acid/polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer , at least one of styrene/butadiene copolymers.

The shape memory ceramics include but not limited to at least one of zirconia, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, and silicon nitride.

The shape memory alloy includes but not limited to at least one of nickel-titanium alloy, gold-cadmium alloy, copper-zinc alloy, nickel-aluminum alloy, and silver-cadmium alloy.

In the light-controlled microneedle insertion device, the light-to-heat conversion material can be at least one of carbon nanotubes, graphene, polydopamine, Prussian blue, copper sulfide, and gold nanoparticles.

In the device for controlling microneedle penetration based on light, the wavelength of the light source is preferably from 265 nm to 1000 μm, more preferably from 780 nm to 3 μm. The preferred wavelength range has more advantages in light-to-heat conversion, higher utilization efficiency, and easier conversion of light energy into heat energy.

As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for controlling microneedle penetration based on light. Using the device for controlling microneedle penetration based on light, the light source is irradiated on the photoresponsive shape memory composite material, The light-responsive shape-memory composite material drives the microneedle to move downward and penetrate the target during the process of shrinking and returning to the original shape after absorbing heat and heating up under light.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has main advantages including:

1) The light-controlled microneedle penetration device and method proposed in the present invention can control the deformation recovery of the light-responsive shape memory composite material in a temporary shape after stretching through light, thereby realizing the remote control penetration of microneedles.

2) The light-controlled microneedle penetration device and method of the present invention can control the deformation recovery state of the light-responsive shape memory material by changing the light intensity, thereby realizing on-demand control of the force applied to the microneedle.

3) The light-controlled microneedle penetration device and method of the present invention can control the amount of deformation recovery by changing the pre-stretch strain of the light-responsive shape memory material, thereby limiting the maximum depth of microneedle penetration.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device based on light-controlled microneedle penetration according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure: 1 represents a light-responsive shape memory composite material, 2 represents a fixing seat, 3 represents a microneedle, 4 represents an adhesive layer, 5 Represents the light source, 6 represents the stabbed object;

Fig. 2 is the light intensity temperature diagram of the photoresponsive shape memory composite material of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the light intensity pressure curve diagram of the photoresponsive shape memory composite material of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram and a physical photo of the penetration of the device based on light-controlled microneedle penetration under different pre-stretching deformations according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The operating methods not indicated in the following examples are generally in accordance with the conventional conditions, or in accordance with the conditions suggested by the manufacturer.

Please refer to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a device based on light-controlled microneedle penetration, including a photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1, a fixing base 2, a microneedle 3, an adhesive layer 4 and a light source 5, and its functions Object is stabbed object 6.

The photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 can be in the shape of strips, squares, or circles. In this embodiment, the light-responsive shape-memory composite material 1 is in the shape of a long strip, which is stretched to 1 to 2 times the length of the original shape at 100° C., and then cooled to fix its temporary shape. Its length can be cut as required when in use.

Both ends of the photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 are fixed on the fixing base 2 . The microneedle 3 and the photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 are connected through an adhesive layer 4 . The light source 5 is used to trigger the deformation recovery of the light-responsive shape memory composite material 1 , thereby providing force to drive the microneedle 3 to penetrate.

The light-responsive shape-memory composite material 1 includes light-to-heat conversion materials and temperature-responsive shape-memory materials. The shape memory material may be at least one of shape memory alloy, shape memory polymer and shape memory ceramic. The shape memory material is capable of changing shape, position or strain in response to changes in temperature. In this embodiment, the shape memory material is a shape memory polymer, which can be selected from polynorbornene, cross-linked polyethylene, trans-1,4-polyisoprene, perfluorosulfonic acid/polytetrafluoroethylene One of copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, and styrene/butadiene copolymers. The light-to-heat conversion material may be selected from one of carbon nanotubes, graphene, polydopamine, Prussian blue, copper sulfide, and gold nanoparticles. The light-to-heat conversion material can be compounded on the shape-memory material by coating, mixing or depositing, and can affect the deformation state of the shape-memory polymer by converting light energy into heat energy. As shown in Figure 2, the light-responsive shape-memory composite material 1 of this embodiment uses perfluorosulfonic acid/polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer as the shape-memory polymer, uses polydopamine as the photothermal conversion material, and can produce different temperatures.

The fixing seat 2 is used to fix both ends of the photoresponsive shape memory material 1 , and exerts force on the microneedle 3 by limiting the direction of deformation recovery.

The microneedles 3 can be one of solid microneedles, dissolvable microneedles, hollow microneedles, coated microneedles and hydrogel microneedles. In this embodiment, the microneedles 3 are solid microneedles, and the material can be selected from one of copper, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, and silicon.

The adhesive layer 4 is an acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive, which bonds the microneedle 3 to the middle of the light-responsive shape memory composite material 1 .

The wavelength of the light source 5 is 780 nm to 3 μm. In this embodiment, the wavelength used by the light source 5 is 808nm.

When the light-controlled microneedle penetration device of this embodiment is in operation, when the light source 5 is irradiated on the photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 in a temporary state, the part of the photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 fixed on the fixing base 2 is The light intensity undergoes controllable deformation recovery, thereby generating a force to drive the precise insertion of the microneedle.

Specifically, the light source 5 is irradiated on the photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1, and the photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 absorbs heat and heats up under the light and then shrinks and returns to the original shape, driving the microneedle 3 to move downward and penetrate the target. thing.

The photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 can generate different temperatures according to the change of light intensity, so the deformation recovery state of the photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 can be controlled by the light intensity. At the same time, since the two ends fixed on the fixing seat 2 limit the direction of deformation recovery, the force exerted on the microneedle 3 can be adjusted. In this embodiment, the photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 has a length of 2 cm, a width of 3 mm, a fixed distance between two ends of 9 mm, a middle height of 4 mm, and a pre-stretching deformation of 1.4 times the initial length. The relationship between the light intensity and the applied force is shown in Figure 3.

The final recovery length of photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 is affected by its pre-stretching deformation rate. For the same length of material, the greater the pre-stretching deformation rate, the greater the recovery amount. Therefore, the maximum penetration depth can be limited by controlling the pre-stretching deformation of the photoresponsive shape memory composite 1 . In this embodiment, the photoresponsive shape memory composite material 1 has a length of 2 cm, a width of 3 mm, a fixed distance between two ends of 9 mm, and a middle height of 4 mm. When the pre-stretching deformation is 1.2 times, 1.4 times and 1.6 times respectively, the piercing situation is shown in Figure 4 under the light intensity of 14.3mW/mm ² .

It can be seen that the light-controlled microneedle penetration device and method of the present invention have beneficial effects as follows:

1) The deformation recovery of photoresponsive shape memory composites can be controlled by light, so as to realize the remote control penetration of microneedles.

2) The deformation recovery state of the photoresponsive shape memory material can be controlled by changing the light intensity, so as to realize the on-demand control of the force applied to the microneedles.

3) The amount of deformation recovery can be controlled by changing the pre-stretch strain of the photoresponsive shape memory material, thereby limiting the maximum depth of microneedle penetration.

In addition, it should be understood that after reading the above description of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A device for light-controlled microneedle insertion, characterized in that it comprises: A photoresponsive shape memory composite material (1), which consists of a photothermal conversion material and a temperature responsive shape memory material; the photoresponsive shape memory composite material (1) is heated and stretched to a set length and then cooled to maintain the stretched The final temporary shape, then fix its two ends on the fixing seat (2), the middle part is raised upwards and the lower surface of the middle part is fixed with a downward facing microneedle (3); The light source (5) can irradiate the light-responsive shape memory composite material (1) to make it shrink back to the original shape after absorbing heat and heating up, thereby driving the microneedle (3) to move downward; In the light-controlled microneedle penetration device, when the light source (5) is irradiated on the light-responsive shape-memory composite material (1), the light-responsive shape-memory composite material (1) can shrink back to During the process of the original shape, the microneedle (3) is driven to move downwards to pierce the target. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the microneedles (3) are at least one of solid microneedles, dissolvable microneedles, hollow microneedles, coated microneedles, and hydrogel microneedles. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the shape-memory material is at least one of shape-memory polymers, shape-memory ceramics, and shape-memory alloys. 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the shape memory polymer comprises polynorbornene, cross-linked polyethylene, trans-1,4-polyisoprene, perfluorosulfonic acid/polyethylene At least one of tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, and styrene/butadiene copolymer. 5. The device according to claim 3, wherein the shape memory ceramic comprises at least one of zirconia, alumina, silicon carbide, and silicon nitride. 6. The device according to claim 3, wherein the shape memory alloy comprises at least one of nickel-titanium alloy, gold-cadmium alloy, copper-zinc alloy, nickel-aluminum alloy, and silver-cadmium alloy. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the light-to-heat conversion material is at least one of carbon nanotubes, graphene, polydopamine, Prussian blue, copper sulfide, and gold nanoparticles. 8. The device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the light source (5) has a wavelength of 265 nm to 1000 μm. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the wavelength of the light source (5) is 780 nm to 3 μm.

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