CN113862050A - Multifunctional fuel oil additive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A multifunctional fuel oil additive is prepared from alcohol ether compound (20-30 wt.%), ester solvent (40-50), ester octane number improver (1-5), polyether amine (10-20), plant-type coconut oil surfactant (1-5) and emulsifier (5-10). By using dimethyl carbonate as an octane number enhancer, the total emission amount of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and formaldehyde in tail gas is reduced by utilizing the properties of high oxygen content, no phase separation, low toxicity, rapid biodegradability and the like. By using the plant extraction oily emulsifier, the oil atomization efficiency is improved, the heat efficiency is improved, the oil consumption is reduced, and the effects of eliminating black smoke and reducing emission are achieved. Removing a small amount of water in the gasoline by utilizing the water absorption of the alcohol ether compound; the fuel additive has the functions of resisting oxidation, cleaning, dispersing, demulsifying, preventing corrosion, lubricating and the like, and has strong practicability and wide applicability.

Description

Multifunctional fuel oil additive and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fuel additive and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a multifunctional fuel additive and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Fuel additives are generally classified into three categories in terms of function: cleaning type, maintenance type, power lifting type.

The cleaning type and the maintenance type contain cleaning factors in chemical components, can effectively clean or inhibit the generation of carbon deposition of an engine, and are divided into five generations according to different chemical components.

The power lifting type generally contains metal components, such as metal compounds such as MMT (manganese) and the like, and can solve the problems of insufficient power, fault codes and the like of a vehicle caused by the quality of fuel.

It can be seen that fuel additives are closely related to automobile development:

the first and second generation fuel oil additive: the detergent is applied to the 1990 s in 1950 + China, wherein the mainstream vehicle model is a carburetor engine, the problem of low-temperature carbon deposition is correspondingly solved, and the problem can be solved by using the conventional detergent (the chemical component is polyisobutylene imide).

The third generation fuel oil additive (commonly called as fuel oil treasure): the method is applied to a multi-point electronic injection (manifold injection) engine in 1990-2010, and mainly solves the problem that carbon deposits of an oil nozzle and an air inlet valve at an air inlet passage part need to be continuously added, so that the deposition of a combustion chamber is easily caused, and the chemical component of the carbon deposits is PIBA (poly (iso-butylene-co-butylene-amine)).

Fourth generation fuel additive (commonly known as direct injection): in 2010 to 2018, the mainstream vehicle model is an in-cylinder direct injection engine, and the used cleaning additive is specially used for solving the problem of carbon deposition of an oil nozzle, a combustion chamber and a piston in a high-temperature region.

Fifth generation fuel additive (also called solid fuel improver): in 2018, in order to meet the environment-friendly requirement of energy conservation and emission reduction under the new situation, the product is upgraded and replaced into solid or powder. The problem that the conventional liquid agent is flammable and explosive is solved, and the liquid agent is convenient to transport, store, protect environment and clean. It can solve the problem of oil-water stratification of the ethanol gasoline. The product has strong applicability, and can be simultaneously suitable for gasoline (gasoline containing ethanol), diesel oil and aviation kerosene. The main components are octadecanoic acid, butyl hydroxy toluene and the like.

Therefore, with the increasing demands for environmental protection and fuel efficiency, fuel additives are continuously being improved and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multifunctional fuel additive and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

a multifunctional fuel oil additive comprises the following components: 20-30 wt% of alcohol ether compound, 40-50 wt% of ester solvent, 1-5 wt% of ester octane number improver, 10-20 wt% of polyether amine, 1-5 wt% of plant coconut oil extraction surfactant and 5-10 wt% of emulsifier.

The alcohol ether compound comprises ethylene glycol butyl ether and dipropylene glycol methyl ether.

The ester solvent includes diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate and monoethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate.

The polyether amine includes alkylphenol polyoxypropylene ether amine.

The ester octane number enhancer comprises dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and dibutyl carbonate.

The emulsifier comprises condensate of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide, fatty alcohol emulsifier, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier, and span emulsifier;

the condensate of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide comprises fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.

The above vegetable-type coconut oil extracting surfactant comprises coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide.

The fuel oil additive comprises the following components: 20 wt% of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 8 wt% of ethylene glycol butyl ether, 46 wt% of diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, 2 wt% of dimethyl carbonate, 15 wt% of alkylphenol polyoxypropylene ether amine, 3 wt% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanol amide and 6 wt% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

According to the preparation method of the multifunctional fuel oil additive, diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, an ester octane number improver, polyether amine, a vegetable coconut oil extraction surfactant, and a fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate are sequentially added into an alcohol ether compound according to a ratio and are uniformly mixed.

The mixing method comprises stirring and/or ultrasonic vibration;

and the mixing time of the interval between the addition of each component is not less than 2min, the mixing time after the addition is not less than 15min, and the mixing temperature is 5-40 ℃.

The preparation method comprises the steps of filtering after uniform mixing, wherein the filtering precision is 1 micron, and the filtering objects comprise particles and floating oil substances.

The dosage ratio of the fuel additive to the fuel is 1 (300- & ltSUB & gt 1000- & lt- & gt).

The invention has the advantages that:

the multifunctional fuel oil additive is green and environment-friendly by using the plant extracted oily emulsifier, and has the effects of emulsifying, cleaning, lubricating, improving the atomization performance of gasoline and the like; the octane number enhancer of the ester compound has high oxygen content in molecules, has excellent octane number enhancing effect, has the properties of no phase separation, low toxicity, quick biodegradability and the like, and can reduce the emission total amount of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in automobile exhaust by 2-3 times compared with other additives when the gasoline reaches the same oxygen content. The water absorption of the contained alcohol ether compound can carry a small amount of water out of the gasoline.

The fuel oil additive provided by the invention can effectively attack long-chain carbon bonds in oil molecules by virtue of a plant type molecular material, so that micro explosion is generated in a fuel oil chamber, the atomization performance of fuel oil is improved, complete combustion is initiated, the heat efficiency is improved, and the oil consumption is reduced; especially, the long-distance high-speed running saves more oil than usual, and the oil-saving effect is obvious. Meanwhile, aiming at the phenomenon that a large amount of black smoke is formed due to poor atomization and incomplete combustion of the oil product, the combustion activation energy can be effectively reduced, the atomization efficiency is improved, and incombustible colloid in the oil product can be fully combusted, so that the effects of eliminating the black smoke and reducing the emission are achieved.

The multifunctional fuel additive has the functions of inhibiting and cleaning, has the functions of resisting oxidation, cleaning, dispersing, demulsifying, preventing corrosion, lubricating and the like, greatly improves the corrosion resistance of gasoline, reduces the moderate corrosion rate of pure gasoline to be non-corrosive, has the deposit amount of a gasoline engine intake valve of 0.4mg, is far superior to similar products in the market, and has strong practicability and wide applicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an external view of a fuel additive prepared in example 4.

Fig. 2 is a view of a simulated air inlet valve test without the addition of a test sample.

Fig. 3 is a view of a simulated inlet valve test with test samples added.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.

The compounds in this example are all commercially available.

A multifunctional fuel oil additive is composed of 20-30 wt% of alcohol ether compound, 40-50 wt% of ester solvent, 1-5 wt% of ester octane number improver, 10-20 wt% of polyether amine, 1-5 wt% of plant coconut oil extraction surfactant and 5-10 wt% of emulsifier.

The alcohol ether compound is preferably ethylene glycol butyl ether or dipropylene glycol methyl ether, and a small amount of water in the gasoline can be carried out through certain water absorption of the alcohol ether compound.

The ester solvent is preferably diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate or monoethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate.

The ester octane number enhancer is preferably dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate or dibutyl carbonate. The ester octane number enhancer has the properties of high oxygen content (the oxygen content in molecules is up to 53 percent), excellent octane number enhancing effect, no phase separation, low toxicity, quick biodegradability and the like, and ensures that the amount of DMC used when gasoline reaches the same oxygen content is 4.5 times less than that of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), thereby reducing the total emission amount of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and formaldehyde in automobile tail gas, overcoming the defects that a common gasoline additive is easily dissolved in water and pollutes underground water sources, and being a novel, organic and environment-friendly antiknock agent and an octane number enhancer.

The polyetheramine is preferably an alkylphenol polyoxypropylene ether amine.

The emulsifier can be selected from fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide condensate, fatty alcohol emulsifier, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier, span emulsifier; preferred are condensates of fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide: fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

The vegetable coconut oil extracting surfactant is preferably coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, and can improve the atomization property and the lubricity of the gasoline besides the emulsifying property.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

according to the mass percentage, an alcohol ether compound, an ester solvent, an ester octane number improver, polyether amine, a vegetable coconut oil extraction surfactant and an emulsifier are sequentially added into a batching barrel.

In the adding process, the stirring time is not less than 2min after each new component is added, the stirring time is not less than 15min after the adding is finished, and the temperature for burdening and stirring is 5-40 ℃.

After the batching is finished, particles and floating oil substances are filtered, and the filtering precision is 1 micron.

Example 1

The multifunctional fuel additive comprises 15 wt% of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 9 wt% of ethylene glycol butyl ether, 50 wt% of diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, 3 wt% of dibutyl carbonate, 13 wt% of alkylphenol polyoxypropylene ether amine, 2 wt% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and 8 wt% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, and is prepared by the method.

Example 2

A multifunctional fuel additive is prepared from dipropylene glycol methyl ether 18 wt%, ethylene glycol butyl ether 10 wt%, monoethylene glycol ether acetate 42 wt%, dimethyl carbonate 5 wt%, alkylphenol polyoxypropylene ether amine 13 wt%, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide 4 wt% and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 8 wt% by mixing according to the above method.

Example 3

A multifunctional fuel additive is prepared from 10 wt% of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 15 wt% of ethylene glycol butyl ether, 42 wt% of monoethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, 5 wt% of diethyl carbonate, 17 wt% of alkylphenol polyoxypropylene ether amine, 5 wt% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and 6 wt% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether through mixing.

Example 4

The multifunctional fuel additive is prepared by mixing the following components, by weight, 20% of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 8% of ethylene glycol butyl ether, 46% of diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, 2% of dimethyl carbonate, 15% of alkylphenol polyoxypropylene ether amine, 3% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and 6% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether according to the method.

And (3) performance testing:

the multifunctional fuel additive prepared in example 4 is used as a test sample, and the weight percentages of gasoline are as follows: samples (60L:150ml) were tested and the appearance of the test samples is shown in FIG. 1, with the results shown in Table 1 below:

TABLE 1

As shown in fig. 2, the weight of the deposit (carbon-containing substance) obtained without adding the test sample in the simulated intake valve test was 7.6 mg.

The weight of the deposit (carbon-containing substance) obtained by adding the test sample in the simulated intake valve test is 0.4mg as shown in fig. 3.

As can be seen from the detection results in the table 1, the fuel additive provided by the invention has various detection indexes meeting the requirements of national standard GB19592-2019, has a flash point of more than 60 ℃, a pour point of not more than-20 ℃, and composition limit values meeting the requirements of GB19592-2019, and does not contain elements such as sulfur, chlorine and the like; the rust resistance and the emulsion breaking property of the product both accord with GB/T19230.1/2. The mass of the simulated air inlet valve sediment is 0.4mg and not more than 2.0mg, meets the requirement of GB/T37322-2019, and is far superior to similar products in the market.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The multifunctional fuel additive is characterized by comprising the following components:

20-30 wt% of alcohol ether compound, 40-50 wt% of ester solvent, 1-5 wt% of ester octane number improver, 10-20 wt% of polyether amine, 1-5 wt% of plant coconut oil extraction surfactant and 5-10 wt% of emulsifier.

2. A fuel additive as set forth in claim 1 wherein said alcohol ether compound comprises ethylene glycol butyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether.

3. A fuel additive as set forth in claim 1 wherein said ester solvent comprises diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, monoethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate.

4. A fuel additive as set forth in claim 1 wherein said polyetheramine comprises an alkylphenol polyoxypropylene ether amine.

5. The fuel additive of claim 1 wherein said ester octane enhancer comprises dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dibutyl carbonate.

6. The fuel additive of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier comprises a condensate of a fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide, a fatty alcohol emulsifier, a nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier, a span-based emulsifier;

the condensate of fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide comprises fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.

7. The fuel additive of claim 1 wherein the vegetable-based coconut oil extracting surface active emulsifier comprises coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide.

8. The method for preparing a multifunctional fuel additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, an ester octane number enhancer, polyetheramine, a vegetable coconut oil extraction surfactant, and a fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide condensate are sequentially added to the alcohol ether compound according to a ratio and uniformly mixed.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the mixing method comprises stirring and/or ultrasonic agitation;

and the mixing time of the interval between the addition of each component is not less than 2min, the mixing time after the addition is not less than 15min, and the mixing temperature is 5-40 ℃.

10. The preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of the fuel additive to the fuel is 1 (300- > 1000).

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