CN113861154B - 一种二氢异香豆素类衍生物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种二氢异香豆素类衍生物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种二氢异香豆素类衍生物及其制备方法与应用,所述二氢异香豆素类衍生物具有如式(I)或(II)中所示的结构。本发明方案制备二氢异香豆素类衍生物的方法简单高效,制备得到的二氢异香豆素类衍生物可作为一种潜在的对蟑螂有引诱聚集效果的新型引诱剂,后续可将其用于开发更高效的含有该蟑螂聚集引诱物质的蟑螂聚集引诱杀虫剂或蟑螂驱除剂,更好地对蟑螂进行综合防控,对人畜安全,更加利于环保,应用前景广泛。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物技术领域,具体涉及一种二氢异香豆素类衍生物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
蟑螂是一种全球性的卫生害虫,近年来由于全球经济快速发展和全球气候变暖,导致蟑螂爆发猖獗,对人类健康和环境造成严重危害。人们对其使用了多种防治方法,主要以化学药剂防治为主,但由于其生息场所与人类生活密切相关,杀虫剂的使用对人畜环境影响大,药剂残留和抗药性问题突出。此外,其繁殖能力强,善隐藏狭小间隙,喜聚集。利用现有捕虫器、毒饵剂并不能有效地灭杀。故如何快速引诱然后对其集中灭杀,是防治的关键。目前通常所知的引诱剂,如倍半萜酮、乙酸硼和萜类化合物,对其缺乏长效和专一性,若施药时间过久,温湿度改变,易失效,防治效果较差。
昆虫信息素(insectpheromone)又称昆虫外激素,它是昆虫自身产生释放出的一种在种内或者种间传递信息进行化学分子语言交流和行为调控的微量物质。聚集信息素是指使同种的其它个体聚集的信息化学物质中的除了性信息素以外的信息素。也就是说,聚集性信息素是一种化学物质,不管是雄性还是雌性都能作用于个体,也能作用于没有繁殖能力的幼虫,但是昆虫信息素的产量有限,很难实现大规模的应用。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决上述现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种二氢异香豆素类衍生物能够作为新的蟑螂聚集引诱物质,对蟑螂进行综合防控。
本发明还提出一种具有上述二氢异香豆素类衍生物的制备方法。
本发明还提出一种具有上述二氢异香豆素类衍生物的应用。
根据本发明的一个方面,提出了二氢异香豆素类衍生物,所述二氢异香豆素类衍生物具有如式(I)或(II)中所示的结构:
其中,R1为甲基或异丙基,R2为H或甲基,R3为H或甲基,R4为H或甲基。
本发明的第二方面提出了上述二氢异香豆素类衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:以取代3-溴氟苯为起始原料,甲酰基化后得到式1所示的化合物;
以式1所示的化合物和甲醇钠为原料,在溶剂A存在下反应,得到式2所示的化合物;
以式2所示的化合物为原料,在氧化剂和溶剂B存在下反应,得到式3所示的化合物;
以式3所示的化合物为原料,在催化剂存在下与1,3-二酮试剂反应,得到式(I)所示的二氢异香豆素类衍生物。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述方法还包括将式(I)所示结构水解得到式(II)所示的二氢异香豆素类衍生物。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述水解采用碱水进行解;优选地,所述碱水为氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙中的一种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述溶液A为甲醇。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述溶液B为乙醇。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述催化剂为碘化亚铜、溴化亚铜和氯化亚铜中的至少一种。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述氧化剂为过氧化氢、过氧化钠和硝酸银中的至少一种。
本发明的第三方面提出了上述二氢异香豆素类衍生物的应用,所述二氢异香豆素类衍生物在制备蟑螂聚集信息素中的应用。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述二氢异香豆素类衍生物在制备蟑螂引诱药物中的应用。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,所述二氢异香豆素类衍生物在制备蟑螂防治药物中的应用。
根据本发明实施方式的所述的应用,至少具备如下有益效果:本发明方案制备二氢异香豆素类衍生物的方法简单高效,制备得到的二氢异香豆素类衍生物可作为一种潜在的对蟑螂有引诱聚集效果的新型引诱剂,后续可将其用于开发更高效的含有该蟑螂聚集引诱物质的蟑螂聚集引诱杀虫剂或蟑螂驱除剂,更好地对蟑螂进行综合防控,对人畜安全,更加利于环保,应用前景广泛。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,其中:
图1为本发明测试例中的实验装置图;
图2为本发明测试例中的实验装置图;
图3为本发明测试例中的化合物4a对塑料皿中美洲大蠊的引诱聚集结果图;
图4为本发明测试例中的化合物4a与对照组对美洲大蠊的引诱聚集结果图,其中,**代表与对照组比较p<0.01;
图5为本发明测试例中的化合物5a对塑料皿中美洲大蠊的引诱聚集结果图;
图6为本发明测试例中的化合物5a与对照组对美洲大蠊的引诱聚集结果图,其中,**代表与对照组比较p<0.01;
图7为本发明测试例中的化合物4b对塑料皿中美洲大蠊的引诱聚集结果图;
图8为本发明测试例中的化合物4b与对照组对美洲大蠊的引诱聚集结果图,其中,NS代表与对照组比较差异不显著;
图9为本发明测试例中的化合物5b对塑料皿中美洲大蠊的引诱聚集结果图;
图10为本发明测试例中的化合物5b与对照组对美洲大蠊的引诱聚集结果图,其中,NS代表与对照组比较差异不显著;
图11为本发明测试例中的对照组CH2Cl2对塑料皿中美洲大蠊的引诱聚集结果图;
图12为本发明测试例中的对照组CH2Cl2对美洲大蠊的引诱聚集结果图,其中,**代表引诱区与观察区比较p<0.01。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明的构思及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述,以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和效果。显然,所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,基于本发明的实施例,本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例,均属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例制备了一种二氢异香豆素类衍生物,具体合成过程为:
以取代3-溴氟苯为起始原料,经甲酰基化得到化合物1,再与甲醇钠发生取代反应,得到化合物2,化合物2进一步经历氧化反应得到中间体羧酸类化合物3。化合物3在碘化亚铜催化下,与1,3-二酮试剂A发生环化反应生成关键中间体,二氢异香豆素类衍生物化合物4。在此基础上,化合物4经水解反应化合物5。
实施例2
二氢异香豆素类衍生物4a和5a的合成,步骤如下:
(1)化合物1a的合成
在氮气保护下,向一个干燥的100mL三口烧瓶中加入间溴氟苯(1.000g,5.3mmol)和30mL无水四氢呋喃(THF),然后将反应瓶转移至-78℃低温反应仪,搅拌30分钟后,往上述反应装置中缓慢滴加2.9mL二异丙基氨基锂(LDA,2M in THF),反应30分钟后,往上述溶液中滴入0.5mL无水DMF,继续反应1h。待反应完成后,往上述装置中缓慢滴入2mL饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭反应,然后再滴入5mL 0.5mol/L HCl,再搅拌15分钟。将反应瓶移出低温反应仪后,继续加入10mL 0.5mol/L HCl,减压蒸发除去溶剂THF,残留混合物用乙酸乙酯(EA)萃取分离,收集的有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去干燥剂,浓缩后的滤液通过柱层析色谱分离(石油醚),得到白色固体1a。
(2)化合物2a的合成
向干燥的50mL圆底烧瓶中加入1a(1.000g,4.4mmol),12mL无水甲醇和0.500g甲醇钠(2equiv),在室温(25℃)下搅拌均匀后,将装置升温至115℃,保持装置回流条件下反应,通过薄层色谱(TLC)监测反应进程,直至反应不再进行,冷却反应混合物至室温后,加入10mL稀盐酸调节pH至中性,减压蒸发移除甲醇,得到混合水相,加入5mL稀盐酸后调节pH,使用乙酸乙酯萃取3次(25mL),收集有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去干燥剂,得到的滤液经减压蒸发除去溶剂后,残留物通过柱层析色谱分离(乙酸乙酯/石油醚=1/2,v/v),得到浅黄色固体2a。
(2)化合物3a的合成
向干燥的25mL的圆底烧瓶中加入2a(0.229g,1mmol),2mL无水甲醇,0.5mL 50%KOH溶液,室温(25℃)搅拌均匀后,然后将装置升温至85℃,往混合物中逐滴加入2mL的30%H2O2溶液,搅拌6-8h,通过TLC监测反应进程,直至反应不再进行,冷却反应至室温后,加入5mL的水,减压旋蒸除去甲醇后移至分液漏斗中,用二氯甲烷(DCM)萃取三次(25mL),收集有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去干燥剂,得到的滤液经减压蒸发除去溶剂后,残余物通过柱层析色谱分离(乙酸乙酯/石油醚=1/1,v/v),得到黄色固体3a。
(4)化合物4a的合成
在氮气保护下,向干燥的50mL二颈烧瓶中加入3a(0.613g,2.5mmol)、乙酰丙酮(0.557g,2.5mmol)、K3PO4(1.203g,5mmol)、CuI(0.048g,0.25mmol),和6mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和搅拌子,先将混合物在室温(25℃)搅拌30分钟,然后将装置升温至115℃,保持装置回流条件下搅拌,通过TLC监测反应进程,直至反应不再进行,冷却反应混合物至室温后,移至分液漏斗中,加入2mL 1mol/L HCl,并用EA萃取三次(5mL*3),收集有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去干燥剂,得到的滤液经减压蒸发除去溶剂后,得到的粗产物通过柱层析色谱分离(乙酸乙酯/石油醚=1/2,v/v),得到黄色油状物4a。NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.60-7.57(1H,t,J=8),,6.92-6.88(2H,m,J=8),6.17(1H,s),4.01(3H,s),2.26(3H,s)。纯化后的4a产物TLC监测产物只有单个点,NMR检测无杂峰;纯度95%以上,产率约65%。
(5)化合物5a的合成
向干燥的50mL的圆底烧瓶中加入化合物4a(0.191g,1mmol),5mL无水乙醇,10mL5%KOH水溶液和搅拌子,先将混合物在室温(25℃)搅拌均匀,然后将装置升温至85℃,保持装置回流条件下搅拌搅拌6-8h,通过TLC监测反应进程,直至反应不再进行,冷却反应混合物至室温后,减压蒸发除去乙醇后,用稀盐酸调节混合物pH至酸性,转移至分液漏斗中,用DCM萃取三次(10mL*3),收集有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去干燥剂,得到的滤液经减压蒸发除去溶剂后,得到黄色油状物5a。纯化的5a产物采用TLC监测产物只有单个点,NMR检测无杂峰;纯度95%以上,产率约71%。
实施例3
二氢异香豆素类衍生物4b的合成,包括以下步骤:
在氮气保护下,向干燥的50mL二颈烧瓶中加入3b(0.755g,2.5mmol)、乙酰丙酮(0.557g,2.5mmol)、K3PO4(1.203g,5mmol)、CuI(0.048g,0.25mmol),和6mL无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和搅拌子,先将混合物在室温(25℃)搅拌30分钟,然后将装置升温至125℃,保持装置回流条件下搅拌,通过TLC监测反应进程,直至反应不再进行,冷却反应混合物至室温后,移至分液漏斗中,加入2mL 1mol/L HCl,并用EA萃取三次(5mL*3),收集有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去干燥剂,得到的滤液经减压蒸发除去溶剂后,得到的粗产物通过柱层析色谱分离(乙酸乙酯/石油醚=1/2,v/v),得到黄色固体4b。NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.50-7.48(1H,dd,J=8),7.00-6.99(1H,dd,J=8),6.17(1H,s),3.90(3H,s),2.36(3H,s),2.24(3H,s)。纯化后的4b产物TLC监测产物只有单个点,NMR检测无杂峰;纯度95%以上,产率约67%。
实施例4
二氢异香豆素类衍生物5b的合成,包括以下步骤:
向干燥的50mL的圆底烧瓶中加入化合物4b(0.204g,1mmol),5mL无水乙醇,10mL5%KOH水溶液和搅拌子,先将混合物在室温(25℃)搅拌均匀,然后将装置升温至85℃,保持装置回流条件下搅拌搅拌6-8h,通过TLC监测反应进程,直至反应不再进行,冷却反应混合物至室温后,减压蒸发除去乙醇后,用稀盐酸调节混合物pH至酸性,转移至分液漏斗中,用DCM萃取三次(10mL*3),收集有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去干燥剂,得到的滤液经减压蒸发除去溶剂后,得到黄色固体5b。纯化后TLC监测产物只有单个点,NMR检测无杂峰;纯度95%以上,产率约69%。纯化后的5b产物采用TLC监测产物只有单个点,NMR检测无杂峰;纯度95%以上,产率约69%。
试验例
1、美洲大蠊聚集活性行为学检测
(1)实验方法
1)实验动物
美洲大蠊养殖于塑料培养盒(45cm×32cm×27cm)中,温度29±1℃,相对湿度为60-70%。
2)实验装置
实验装置由1个Φ25cm、高4.3cm的塑料皿和2个Φ6cm、高0.5cm的塑料皿组成。实验装置如图1-2所示。
3)条件
温度(27±1)℃;相对湿度(60±5)%。
4)实验方法
A:将装置清洗干净、烘干。投入试虫50只,待其平静后,分别取实施例2-5制备的测试样品(4a、5a、4b、5b)10mg,放于小塑料皿内。诱导时间相同,拍摄记录大塑料皿中美洲大蠊的引诱聚集情况(如图3、5、7和9所示)。将二氯甲烷CH2Cl2作为对照组测试样品(如图11和12所示)。
B:将装置清洗干净、烘干。在Φ25cm、高4.3cm的塑料皿内放2个Φ6cm、高0.5cm的塑料皿,投入试虫50只,待其平静后,分别取实施例2-5制备的测试样品(4a、5a、4b、5b)10mg,放于小塑料皿内,取二氯甲烷CH2Cl2 10mg作为对照放入另一个小塑料皿,对比不同测试样品相较对照组的引诱聚集情况(如图4、6、8和10所示)。
(2)实验结果
实验结果如图3-12所示,从图中可以看出,在引诱物质聚集行为测试过程中,所测物质4a和5a的美洲大蠊引诱区累计持续时间与对照间均呈极显著差异。美洲大蠊对于所测物质4b、5b和对照的选择性无差异性。实验表明,本发明实施例制备得到的二氢异香豆素类衍生物4a和5a可以有效的诱导美洲大蠊进行聚集。
因此发明方案通过化学方法合成了蟑螂聚集信息素的类似物,并进行相应的生物活性检测,目的在于找到一种或几种新的蟑螂聚集引诱物质,后续可开发含有该蟑螂聚集引诱物质的蟑螂聚集引诱剂或蟑螂驱除剂或蟑螂引诱杀虫剂,更好地对蟑螂进行综合防控。
上面结合附图对本发明实施例作了详细说明,但是本发明不限于上述实施例,在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。此外,在不冲突的情况下,本发明的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
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