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CN113811486B - 环保型船舶的燃料供应系统 - Google Patents

环保型船舶的燃料供应系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113811486B
CN113811486B CN202080035272.9A CN202080035272A CN113811486B CN 113811486 B CN113811486 B CN 113811486B CN 202080035272 A CN202080035272 A CN 202080035272A CN 113811486 B CN113811486 B CN 113811486B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fuel
ammonia
engine
supply system
supplied
Prior art date
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Application number
CN202080035272.9A
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English (en)
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CN113811486A (zh
Inventor
权爀
安守敬
丁昇宇
柳敏澈
姜金俊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hanhua Ocean Co ltd
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Hanhua Ocean Co ltd
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Priority claimed from KR1020190056202A external-priority patent/KR102111503B1/ko
Priority claimed from KR1020190056203A external-priority patent/KR102111525B1/ko
Application filed by Hanhua Ocean Co ltd filed Critical Hanhua Ocean Co ltd
Publication of CN113811486A publication Critical patent/CN113811486A/zh
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/14—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven relating to internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
    • F02D19/0647—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being liquefied petroleum gas [LPG], liquefied natural gas [LNG], compressed natural gas [CNG] or dimethyl ether [DME]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/082—Premixed fuels, i.e. emulsions or blends
    • F02D19/085—Control based on the fuel type or composition
    • F02D19/087—Control based on the fuel type or composition with determination of densities, viscosities, composition, concentration or mixture ratios of fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1452—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being a COx content or concentration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
    • F02D41/1461—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
    • F02D41/1463—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases downstream of exhaust gas treatment apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/125—Fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F01N2430/04—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by adding non-fuel substances to combustion air or fuel, e.g. additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/022—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting CO or CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/18—Ammonia
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/04—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
    • F01N2610/102—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance after addition to exhaust gases, e.g. by a passively or actively heated surface in the exhaust conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
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    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
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    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
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    • F01N2900/1402—Exhaust gas composition
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    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1614—NOx amount trapped in catalyst
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    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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    • F01N2900/1616—NH3-slip from catalyst
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    • F01N2900/1618—HC-slip from catalyst
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
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Abstract

本发明提供一种环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，所述燃料供应系统选择性地使用现有燃料和氨燃料或使用其混合物作为用于船舶的推进发动机和发电发动机的燃料，以便遵循在2050年之前在主要点分阶段加强的船舶温室气体规定。

Description

环保型船舶的燃料供应系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，且更确切地说涉及一种环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，其能够选择性地或同时将现有燃料和氨燃料供应到船舶的发动机，以符合在2050之前分阶段加严的关于航运温室气体排放的规定。
背景技术
作为防止全球变暖和气候变化的环境规定的一部分，随着关于航运气体排放的国际规定越来越严格，世界各国都在专注于开发生态友好、低碳燃料船舶。
另外，响应于气候改变和空气污染的增加，国际海事组织(InternationalMaritime Organization；IMO)、欧盟和美国计划大幅加严关于航运污染物排放的规定。
迄今为止，液化天然气(liquefied natural gas；LNG)已被认为是现有化石燃料的主要替代物。实际上，截至2018年9月，超过432艘LNG船舶在使用中，且在减少SOx排放和NOx排放方面发挥了主要作用(与重燃料油(heavy fuel oil；HFO)相比，LNG减少了92％的SOx排放和80％的NOx排放)。
然而，LNG燃料具有以下缺点：相关基础设施(例如，LNG加注港、加注船舶)的构造不足；LNG燃料的价格波动；由于LNG发动机中的甲烷漏失而引起温室气体排放增加的问题；以及泄漏或火灾/爆炸的风险。
IMO的当前海洋温室气体/二氧化碳减少目标如下：
1)海洋温室气体排放减少目标：IMO旨在与2008年国际航运(InternationalShipping)温室气体(greenhouse gas:GHG)排放相比，到2050年海洋温室气体排放减少50％(出于参考目的，温室气体包含甲烷(CH4)、二氧化碳(CO2)、一氧化碳(CO)、臭氧(O3)、氯氟碳化物(CFCs)等)。
2)碳强度(Carbon Intensity)减少目标：IMO旨在与2008年国际航运(International Shipping)的二氧化碳(CO2)排放相比，到2030年每项运输工作(Transport Work)的二氧化碳排放减少40％，到2050年减少70％。
图1是示出在2050之前减小来自航运的温室气体排放的前景的视图，图1的(a)示出用于航运的燃料的预期改变，图1的(b)示出用于航运的能量的预期改变。
由于在2050之前关于航运温室气体排放的规定计划将分阶段加严，因此现有发动机和燃料预期不满足温室气体标准。
LNG燃料也是如此，它已经被证明是减少航运温室气体排放的一个替代方案。LNG燃料仅对减少CO2排放具有有限影响(与HFO相比，仅减少15％至25％)，且因此当从长期角度来看，与其它现有燃料一样，预期不满足关于航运温室气体排放的规定。
根据UMAS报告，到2050年，由于贸易增加引起全球航运增加，就总排放而言，使用LNG不会有效减少废气排放，而未燃烧的甲烷气体排放到大气中的不利影响将抵消使用LNG对减少废气排放的有利影响。
发明内容
技术问题
随着计划在未来几年分阶段加严关于航运温室气体排放的规定，预期将难以使用现有化石燃料。因此，迫切需要可以满足将在未来几年加严的规定的替代燃料。
另外，尽管，在短期到中期中可考虑用例如LNG等环保型的燃料替代现有化石燃料，但从长期来看，需要更多的未来替代方案。这些替代方案包含用非化石燃料(例如，氢、氨(NH3)、生物燃料、太阳能以及风能)替代现有船用燃料。
本发明的一个方面是提供一种环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，所述燃料供应系统可使用氨来满足在未来几年加严的关于航运温室气体排放的规定，所述氨是在陆上应用中使用了超过100年的化学物质且在前述非化石燃料中具有经过充分测试的供应链，包含生产/存储/运输/供应。
技术解决方案
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，所述燃料供应系统包含：发动机；燃料存储箱，存储将作为燃料供应到发动机的第一燃料；和氨存储箱，储存将作为燃料供应到发动机的氨，其中发动机使用选自第一燃料和氨中的一种或使用第一燃料和氨的燃料混合物来操作。
燃料供应系统可在以下模式中的一个下操作：第一燃料供应模式，其中仅将第一燃料供应到发动机；氨供应模式，其中仅将氨供应到发动机；以及燃料混合物供应模式，其中将第一燃料和氨的燃料混合物供应到发动机。
燃料供应系统可更包含：温室气体分析器，安置于排气管路上，从发动机排出的废气穿过所述温室气体分析器且所述温室气体分析器检测所述废气中所含有的温室气体，其中燃料供应系统的操作模式可基于由温室气体分析器检测到的值来控制。
当燃料供应系统在燃料混合物供应模式下操作时，第一燃料与氨的混合比可基于由温室气体分析器检测到的值来调节。
燃料供应系统可更包含：第一控制阀，安置于燃料供应管路上，第一燃料沿着所述燃料供应管路从燃料存储箱供应到发动机；以及第二控制阀，安置于氨供应管路上，氨沿着所述氨供应管路从氨存储箱供应到发动机，其中第一控制阀和第二控制阀可基于由温室气体分析器检测到的值来控制。
燃料供应系统可更包含：加热器，安置于氨供应管路上，且将氨加热到适合用于发动机的温度。
发动机可以是使用在室温下呈液态的燃料的油发动机(oil engine)，且第一燃料可以是选自于HFO、LSFO、ULSFO、MGO以及MeOH中的其中之一。
替代地，发动机可以是使用在室温下呈气态的燃料的燃气发动机(gas engine)，且第一燃料可以是选自于LNG、LPG、LEG以及DME中的其中之一，且可以液化状态存储在燃料存储箱中。
当发动机是燃气发动机时，燃料供应系统可更包含：汽化器，安置于燃料供应管路上，且强制性地汽化处于所述液化状态的所述第一燃料；以及加热器，将由汽化器汽化的第一燃料加热到适合用于发动机的温度。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，所述燃料供应系统包含：发动机；燃料存储箱，存储将作为燃料供应到发动机的第一燃料；氨存储箱，储存将作为燃料供应到发动机的氨；以及SCR装置，安置于排气管路上，从发动机排出的废气穿过所述SCR装置且所述SCR装置还原废气中的氮氧化物，其中发动机使用选自第一燃料和氨中的燃料或使用第一燃料和氨的燃料混合物来操作，且将存储在氨存储箱中的氨选择性地或同时供应到发动机和SCR装置。
燃料供应系统可更包含：第一供应管路，第一燃料沿着所述第一供应管路从燃料存储箱供应到发动机；第二供应管路，氨沿着所述第二供应管路从氨存储箱供应到发动机；以及第三供应管路，氨沿着所述第三供应管路从氨存储箱供应到SCR装置，其中氨在沿着第二供应管路供应时充当发动机的燃料，且在沿着第三供应管路供应时充当SCR装置的还原剂。
燃料供应系统可更包含：温室气体分析器，安置于发动机下游的排气管路上，且检测废气中所含有的温室气体；以及NOx分析器，安置于发动机下游的排气管路上，且检测从发动机排出的废气中所含有的氮氧化物，其中第一燃料沿着第一供应管路的供应和氨沿着第二供应管路的供应可基于由温室气体分析器检测到的值来控制，且氨沿着第三供应管路的供应可基于由NOx分析器检测到的值来控制。
燃料供应系统可更包含：加热器，安置于第二供应管路和第三供应管路上，且将氨分别加热到适合用于发动机和SCR装置的温度。
燃料供应系统可更包含：回流管路，从SCR装置下游的排气管路分叉且返回到SCR装置，其中NOx分析器可包含：第一NOx分析器，安置于发动机与SCR装置之间；以及第二NOx分析器，安置于SCR装置下游，且当对由第二NOx分析器检测到的值的分析指示废气中的氮氧化物的浓度大于允许水平时，从SCR装置排出的废气可沿着回流管路返回到SCR装置。
第一燃料可以是选自于HFO、LSFO、ULSFO、MGO、MeOH、LNG、LPG、LEG以及DME中的其中之一。
有利影响
本发明提供一种环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，所述燃料供应系统可通过选择性地或同时供应现有燃料和氨燃料作为用于船舶的推进发动机和发电发动机的燃料以增强来自发动机的温室气体排放的减少，来响应于将在未来几年加严的关于航运温室气体排放的规定。
另外，本发明提供使用氨燃料的温室气体排放的充分减少，同时允许现有燃料供应系统的完全使用，且因此可消除完全重组现有燃料供应系统的需要，由此最小化用于减少来自船舶的温室气体排放的附加投资和空间。
此外，本发明可以通过将用于SCR反应所需的存储和供应氨的系统与用于存储和供应用作发动机的燃料的氨的系统集成在一起，来减少氨存储/供应系统的CAPEX，同时增加船舶的空间利用率。
附图说明
图1是示出在2050之前减小来自航运的温室气体排放的前景的视图，图1的(a)示出用于航运的燃料的预期改变，图1的(b)示出用于航运的能量的预期改变。
图2是根据本发明的第一实施例的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统的图，其中船舶的发动机是油发动机。
图3是根据本发明的第一实施例的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统的图，其中船舶的发动机是燃气发动机。
图4是根据本发明的第二实施例的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统的图。
具体实施方式
现将参考示出本发明的示例性实施例的附图和参考附图的详细描述，以便充分地理解本发明、本发明的操作优点和由本发明的实践实现的目标。
在下文中，将参考附图描述本发明的实施例。应注意，在整个说明书和附图中，相似组件将由相似附图标号指示。
现有船用燃料的实例包含高硫燃料油(high sulfur fuel oil；HSFO)、低硫燃料油(low sulfur fuel oil；LSFO)、超低硫燃料油(ultra-low sulfur fuel oil；ULSFO)、船用轻柴油(marine gas oil；MGO)、液化天然气(LNG)、液化石油气(liquefied petroleumgas；LPG)、液化乙烯气(liquefied ethylene gas；LEG)、甲醇(MeOH)以及二甲醚(dimethylether；DME)。
此类现有船用燃料是基于化石燃料的燃料，其燃烧反应的化学方程式表示为CxHy+zO2→xCO2+(y/2)H2O，因此难以响应于关于航运温室气体排放的规定。
本发明提供一种燃料供应系统，所述燃料供应系统可以选择性地或同时供应如上文所描述的现有燃料和氨燃料作为用于船舶的推进发动机和发电发动机的燃料，以便符合在2050之前分阶段加严的关于航运温室气体排放的规定。
氨是一种无碳燃料，且在燃烧期间仅产生氮和水而没有二氧化碳(化学方程式：4NH3+3O2→2N2+6H2O)，因此可以响应于关于航运温室气体排放的规定。
图2和图3是根据本发明的第一实施例的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统的图。
参考图2和图3，根据本发明的第一实施例的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统包含：燃料存储箱10，存储将作为燃料供应到船舶的发动机E的第一燃料，氨存储箱20，存储将作为燃料供应到发动机E的氨；以及温室气体分析器30，安置于排气管路EL上，从发动机E排出的废气穿过所述温室气体分析器30且所述温室气体分析器30测量废气中所含有的温室气体。
在此实施例中，发动机E可包含用于推进船舶的主发动机(M/E)和发电发动机(G/E)两者。
存储在燃料存储箱10中的第一燃料可包含如上文所描述的现有燃料，例如HFO、LSFO、ULSFO、MGO、MeOH、LNG、LPG、LEG以及DME。
此处，当船舶的发动机E是使用在室温下呈液态的燃料的油发动机时，应用图2中所示出的实施例。因此，第一燃料可以是在室温下呈液态的燃料，例如HFO、LSFO、ULSFO、MGO以及MeOH。
在图2中所示出的实施例中,存储在燃料存储箱10中的第一燃料可以是选自于HFO、LSFO、ULSFO、MGO以及MeOH中的其中一种燃料，且可以液态存储在燃料存储箱10中。
另外，当船舶的发动机E是使用在室温下呈气态的燃料的燃气发动机时，应用图3中所示出的实施例。因此，第一燃料可以是在室温下呈气态的燃料，例如LNG、LPG、LEG以及DME。
在图3中所示出的实施例中,存储在燃料存储箱10中的第一燃料可以是选自于LNG、LPG、LEG以及DME中的其中一种燃料，且可以液化状态存储在燃料存储箱10中。此处，燃料存储箱10可被绝缘和密封，以防止以液化状态存储在燃料存储箱中的燃料的汽化。
在图3中所示出的实施例中，燃料供应系统可更包含：汽化器11，强制性地将液化燃料汽化成适合用于发动机E的气态；和加热器12，将汽化燃料加热到适合用于发动机E的温度。
在包含图2和图3中所示出的实施例的本发明的第一实施例中，燃料供应系统包含存储氨的氨存储箱20。氨可以液体形式存储，例如氨水。替代地，根据此实施例的燃料供应系统可包含尿素存储箱，而非氨存储箱，以便根据需要使用通过尿素水解产生的氨。
根据此实施例的燃料供应系统可使用存储在燃料存储箱10中的第一燃料和存储在氨存储箱20中的氨作为用于发动机E的燃料。此处，可将第一燃料和氨选择性地或同时供应到发动机E。
也就是说，在此实施例中，发动机E可仅使用从燃料存储箱10供应的第一燃料操作，可仅使用从氨存储箱20供应的氨操作，或可使用第一燃料和氨的燃料混合物操作。
根据此实施例的燃料供应系统可在以下三种模式中的一个下操作：第一燃料供应模式，其中仅将第一燃料作为燃料供应到发动机E；氨供应模式，其中仅将氨作为燃料供应到发动机E；以及燃料混合物供应模式，其中将第一燃料和氨的燃料混合物作为燃料供应到发动机E。
另外，根据此实施例的燃料供应系统可根据船舶操作的海域在前述三种模式中的一种选择模式下操作。
具体来说，在排放控制区域(emission control area；ECA)中，燃料供应系统可以在燃料混合物供应模式下操作，其中现有燃料(第一燃料)和氨的燃料混合物用作发动机的燃料。另外，在全球区域中，燃料供应系统可在第一燃料供应模式下操作，其中仅将现有燃料(第一燃料)用作发动机的燃料。此外，在受制于极严格的环境规定的海域(例如，原始海域，例如峡湾和北极)中，燃料供应系统可在氨供应模式下操作，其中仅将氨用作发动机的燃料。
然而，此区别仅作为实例给出，且根据此实施例的燃料供应系统的操作模式不必根据船舶操作的海域来判定。当需要减少废气中的温室气体时，可改变燃料供应系统的操作模式，而不考虑船舶操作的海域。
燃料存储箱10和氨存储箱20可通过相应供应管路L1、供应管路L2连接到发动机E。控制阀V1、控制阀V2可安置于第一燃料供应管路L1和氨供应管路L2上，以分别控制第一燃料和氨的供应。另外，加热器21可安置于氨供应管路L2上以将氨加热到适合用于发动机E的温度。
当根据此实施例的燃料供应系统在第一燃料供应模式下操作时，打开第一控制阀V1且关闭第二控制阀V2。当根据此实施例的燃料供应系统在氨供应模式下操作时，关闭第一控制阀V1且打开第二控制阀V2。
另外，当根据此实施例的燃料供应系统在燃料混合物供应模式下操作时，第一燃料与氨的混合比可通过调整第一控制阀V1和第二控制阀V2的打开程度来调节。
根据此实施例的燃料供应系统的操作模式可基于由温室气体分析器30检测到的值来控制。因此，对第一控制阀V1和第二控制阀V2的控制可基于由温室气体分析器30检测到的值来进行。
另外，第一燃料与氨的混合比可通过温室气体分析器30来判定。温室气体分析器30安置于排气管路EL上，从发动机E排出的废气穿过所述温室气体分析器30以检测废气中所含有的温室气体且基于检测到的值通过对控制阀V1、控制阀V2的控制来调节第一燃料与氨的混合比。
当燃料供应系统在燃料混合物供应模式下操作时，分别沿着第一燃料供应管路L1和氨供应管路L2供应的第一燃料和氨可在将第一燃料和氨供应到发动机E之前或在将第一燃料和氨供应到发动机E之后点燃之前彼此彻底混合。
当使用第一燃料和氨的燃料混合物时，二氧化碳排放可与经氨替代的第一燃料的量成比例地减少。举例来说，当70％现有燃料(第一燃料)经氨替代时，与仅使用现有燃料(第一燃料)时相比，燃烧期间的二氧化碳排放可减少70％。用于现有燃料(第一燃料)与氨的燃料混合物的燃烧的化学方程式表示为CxHy+4NH3+3+zO2→xCO2+2N2+6+y/2H2O。
图4是根据本发明的第二实施例的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统的图。
参考图4，根据第二实施例的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统包含与根据第一实施例的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统相同的组件，且可更包含安置于排气管路EL上的选择性催化还原(selective catalytic reduction；SCR)装置，从发动机E排出的废气穿过所述选择性催化还原装置以还原废气中所含有的空气污染物。
图4中，将根据此实施例的燃料供应系统示出为包含除如图2中所示出的基本组件以外的附加装置。然而，当发动机E是燃气发动机时，根据此实施例的燃料供应系统可更包含安置于燃料存储箱10与发动机E之间的汽化器11和加热器12，如在图3的实施例中。
SCR装置40是适于去除尤其氮氧化物(NOx)且通过使200℃到450℃的废气在还原剂存在下穿过催化剂层来将氮氧化物转化成氮和水的装置。
根据此实施例的燃料供应系统可更包含第一NOx分析器51，其安置于发动机E下游的排气管路EL上且检测废气中的氮氧化物的浓度。当对由第一NOx分析器51检测到的值的分析指示需要还原氮氧化物时，可将废气发送到SCR装置40。相反，当对由第一NOx分析器51检测到的值的分析指示不需要还原氮氧化物时，废气可(沿着AL线)直接排放到大气中。
另外，根据此实施例的燃料供应系统可更包含第二NOx分析器52，其安置于SCR装置40下游且检测废气中的氮氧化物的浓度。当对由第二NOx分析器52检测到的值的分析指示废气中的氮氧化物的浓度小于或等于允许水平时，废气可排放到大气中。相反，当对由第二NOx分析器52检测到的值的分析指示废气中的氮氧化物的浓度大于允许水平时，废气可(沿着BL线)返回到SCR装置40以还原氮氧化物。
氨是SCR装置中常用的还原剂。出于此原因，船舶通常配备有用于存储氨的箱或可通过水解尿素产生氨的尿素存储箱。
在此实施例中，上文所描述的氨存储箱20可用作存储将供应到SCR装置40的氨的装置。
也就是说，在此实施例中，存储在氨存储箱20中的氨不仅充当发动机E的燃料，而且作为用于SCR装置40的还原剂。
可将存储在氨存储箱20中的氨沿着第三供应管路L3供应到SCR装置40。将氨加热到适合用于SCR装置40的温度的加热器22和调节氨到SCR装置的供应的第三控制阀V3可安置于第三供应管路L3上。
第三控制阀V3的打开/关闭或打开程度可基于由第一NOx分析器51和第二NOx分析器52检测到的值来控制。
在根据此实施例的燃料供应系统中，可视需要选择性地或同时将存储在氨存储箱20中的氨选供应到发动机E和SCR装置40。
具体来说，在受制于极严格的环境规定的排放控制区域(ECA)或海域(例如，原始海域，例如峡湾和北极)中，可将氨供应到SCR装置40，而在全球区域中，可不将氨供应到SCR装置40。
然而，此区别仅作为实例给出，应理解，即使在全球区域中，当需要减少废气中的氮氧化物时，也可将氨供应到SCR装置40。
表1示出取决于船舶操作的海域对发动机E和SCR装置40的供应。
表1
如上文所描述，本发明提供一种燃料供应系统，其可选择性地或同时将现有燃料和氨燃料供应到船舶的发动机。因此，当需要减少来自船舶的温室气体排放时，现有燃料和氨燃料的混合物或仅氨燃料作为发动机的燃料供应，由此可容易地实现来自船舶的温室气体排放的减少。
也就是说，本发明提供一种环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，所述燃料供应系统可通过选择性地或同时供应现有燃料和氨燃料作为用于船舶的推进发动机和发电发动机的燃料以增强来自发动机的温室气体排放的减少，来响应于将在未来几年加严的关于航运温室气体排放的规定。
另外，本发明可使用氨燃料来实现温室气体排放的充分减少，同时允许现有燃料供应系统的完全使用。因此，为了满足将在未来几年加严的关于航运温室气体排放的规定，本发明仅需要将用于存储/供应氨的系统添加到现有燃料供应系统，而不需要完全重组现有燃料供应系统，由此最小化用于减少来自船舶的温室气体排放的附加投资和空间。
常规地，由于SCR装置仅在NOx排放控制区域中使用而不在其它区域中使用，因此负责储存/供应将供应到SCR装置的还原剂的系统的利用已较低。本发明可通过提供负责存储/供应SCR反应所需的氨和储存/供应用作发动机的燃料的氨两者的系统来减少氨储存/供应系统的CAPEX，同时增加船舶的空间利用率。
尽管本文中已描述一些实施例，但应理解，这些实施例仅出于说明目的提供且并不以任何方式解释为限制本发明，且本领域的技术人员可在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下作出各种修改、改变以及更改。因此，所附权利要求和其等效物意图涵盖如将处于本发明的范围和精神内的这些修改等。

Claims (12)

1.一种环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，包括：
发动机，其中所述发动机使用选自第一燃料和氨中的一种或使用所述第一燃料和所述氨的燃料混合物来操作；
燃料存储箱，存储将作为燃料供应到所述发动机的第一燃料，
氨存储箱，存储将作为燃料供应到所述发动机的所述氨；
温室气体分析器，安置于排气管路上，从所述发动机排出的废气穿过所述温室气体分析器且所述温室气体分析器检测所述废气中所含有的温室气体，其中所述燃料供应系统的操作模式基于由所述温室气体分析器检测到的值来控制；
选择性催化还原装置，安置于所述排气管路上，从所述发动机排出的废气穿过所述选择性催化还原装置且所述选择性催化还原装置还原所述废气中的氮氧化物；
第三供应管路，所述氨沿着所述第三供应管路从所述氨存储箱供应到所述选择性催化还原装置；
第三控制阀，安置于所述第三供应管路上，调节所述氨向所述选择性催化还原装置的供应；
第二氮氧化物分析器，安置于所述选择性催化还原装置下游，且检测从所述发动机排出的废气中的氮氧化物的浓度；以及
回流管路，从所述选择性催化还原装置下游的所述排气管路分支，且返回到所述选择性催化还原装置，
所述燃料供应系统在以下模式中的一个下操作：第一燃料供应模式，其中仅将所述第一燃料供应到所述发动机；氨供应模式，其中仅将所述氨供应到所述发动机；以及燃料混合物供应模式，其中将所述第一燃料和所述氨的所述燃料混合物供应到所述发动机，
其中将存储在所述氨存储箱中的所述氨选择性地或同时供应到所述发动机和所述选择性催化还原装置,
当对由所述第二氮氧化物分析器检测到的值的分析指示所述废气中的氮氧化物的浓度大于可允许水平时，从所述选择性催化还原装置排出的所述废气沿着所述回流管路返回到所述选择性催化还原装置,
其中基于所述温室气体分析器和所述第二氮氧化物分析器分别检测到的值来控制所述第三控制阀。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，其中，当所述燃料供应系统在所述燃料混合物供应模式下操作时，所述第一燃料与所述氨的混合比基于由所述温室气体分析器检测到的值来调节。
3.根据权利要求2所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，更包括：
第一控制阀，安置于燃料供应管路上，所述第一燃料沿着所述燃料供应管路从所述燃料存储箱供应到所述发动机；以及
第二控制阀，安置于氨供应管路上，所述氨沿着所述氨供应管路从所述氨存储箱供应到所述发动机，
其中所述第一控制阀和所述第二控制阀基于由所述温室气体分析器检测到的值来控制。
4.根据权利要求3所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，更包括：
加热器，安置于所述氨供应管路上，且将所述氨加热到适合用于所述发动机的温度。
5.根据权利要求2所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，其中所述发动机是使用在室温下呈液态的燃料的油发动机，且所述第一燃料是选自于重燃料油、低硫燃料油、超低硫燃油、船用轻柴油以及甲醇中的其中之一。
6.根据权利要求2所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，其中所述发动机是使用在室温下呈气态的燃料的燃气发动机，且所述第一燃料是选自于液化天然气、液化石油气、液化乙烯气以及二甲醚中的其中之一，所述第一燃料以液化状态存储在所述燃料存储箱中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，更包括：
汽化器，安置于所述燃料供应管路上，且强制性地汽化处于所述液化状态的所述第一燃料；以及
加热器，将由所述汽化器汽化的所述第一燃料加热到适合用于所述发动机的温度。
8.根据权利要求1所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，更包括：
第一供应管路，所述第一燃料沿着所述第一供应管路从所述燃料存储箱供应到所述发动机；以及
第二供应管路，所述氨沿着所述第二供应管路从所述氨存储箱供应到所述发动机，
其中所述氨在沿着所述第二供应管路供应时充当所述发动机的燃料，且在沿着所述第三供应管路供应时充当所述选择性催化还原装置的还原剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，
其中所述第一燃料沿着所述第一供应管路的供应和所述氨沿着所述第二供应管路的供应基于由所述温室气体分析器检测到的值来控制。
10.根据权利要求9所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，更包括：
加热器，安置于所述第二供应管路和所述第三供应管路上，且将所述氨分别加热到适合用于所述发动机和所述选择性催化还原装置的温度。
11.根据权利要求9所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，更包括：
第一氮氧化物分析器，安置于所述发动机与所述选择性催化还原装置之间。
12.根据权利要求9所述的环保型船舶的燃料供应系统，其中所述第一燃料选自于重燃料油、低硫燃料油、超低硫燃油、船用轻柴油、甲醇、液化天然气、液化石油气、液化乙烯气以及二甲醚中的其中之一。
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