CN113685187B - Construction process of small-clear-distance multi-hole undercut tunnel - Google Patents
Construction process of small-clear-distance multi-hole undercut tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113685187B CN113685187B CN202110935342.2A CN202110935342A CN113685187B CN 113685187 B CN113685187 B CN 113685187B CN 202110935342 A CN202110935342 A CN 202110935342A CN 113685187 B CN113685187 B CN 113685187B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process, which relates to the technical field of tunnel construction and aims to solve the problem of large workload of constructors, and the process comprises the following steps: 1. excavating working wells at two ends of the tunnel in the length direction, wherein the two working wells comprise an originating well and a receiving well; 2. starting from the originating well, opening a plurality of connecting holes in a stepwise manner along the length direction of the tunnel towards the receiving well, wherein the connecting holes are surrounded into a ring shape; 3. when the connecting hole is opened for each stage, one supporting tube is jacked into the connecting hole; 4. communicating adjacent support pipes, and binding reinforcing steel bars in the support pipes; 5. pouring concrete into all support pipes to form reinforced concrete; 6. and excavating earthwork in the reinforced concrete to form a tunnel. The application has the effect of reducing the workload of constructors.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a small-clear-distance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process.
Background
The underground tunnel construction process refers to a tunnel excavation construction process which is carried out underground under the condition that the ground is not excavated.
The related patent with publication number of CN113027466A provides a construction process for underground excavation of a tunnel with extremely small clear distance, which comprises the following steps: s1, surveying and selecting stratum soil with certain self-standing property and stability; s2, excavating working wells at two ends of the length direction of the planned tunnel, and communicating the working wells to form the tunnel; s3, excavating tunnel earthwork; s4, installing an initial support structure, and constructing a waterproof layer and a secondary lining; s5, installing a rock wall supporting structure.
Aiming at the related patents, the inventor considers that the primary support structure installation, the waterproof layer and the secondary lining construction in the step S4 have complicated engineering, and the workload of constructors is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce the workload of constructors, the application provides a small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process.
The small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
the small-clear-distance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process comprises the following steps of:
s1, excavating a working well: working wells are excavated at two ends of the tunnel in the length direction, and the two working wells comprise an originating well and a receiving well.
S2, excavating a connecting hole: and starting from the originating well, opening a plurality of connecting holes in a stepwise manner along the length direction of the tunnel towards the receiving well, wherein the connecting holes are surrounded into a ring shape.
S3, jacking into the supporting tube: and (5) after each stage of opening the connecting hole, pushing one supporting tube into the connecting hole.
S4, communicating the support pipes: and communicating adjacent support pipes, and binding reinforcing steel bars in the support pipes.
S5, pouring concrete: and pouring concrete into all the support pipes to form reinforced concrete.
S6, excavating earthwork: and excavating earthwork in the reinforced concrete to form a tunnel.
By adopting the technical scheme, after a connecting hole of one stage is formed, the supporting tube is jacked into the connecting hole, and the supporting tube can support the inner side wall of the connecting hole; through the use of the support tube, the situations that constructors need to perform primary support structure installation, waterproof layer, secondary lining construction and other operations are reduced, and the workload of the constructors is reduced. The formation of the reinforced concrete improves the stability of the support tube for supporting the soil layer on the outer side wall and improves the safety of constructors during excavating earthwork.
Optionally, in step S3, a connection structure is disposed between two axially adjacent support tubes, and the two support tubes are connected by the connection structure.
By adopting the technical scheme, the connecting framework can limit two axially adjacent support pipes, so that the position stability between the axially adjacent support pipes is improved, and the dislocation between the axially adjacent support pipes is reduced.
Optionally, in step S4, the radially adjacent support tubes are closed by communicating with a top plate and a bottom plate, and support columns are disposed between the top plate and the bottom plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the support column can support the roof, reduces the circumstances that the soil layer of pressing in roof top makes roof and stay tube junction fracture.
Optionally, the width of the initiation well is greater than twice the length of the support tube.
By adopting the technical scheme, two support pipes can be placed in the originating well, so that constructors can conveniently connect the two support pipes outside the connecting hole, and convenience in connection operation between the support pipes is improved.
Optionally, the connecting structure comprises a connecting ring plate and a mounting ring, and the mounting ring is coaxial with the connecting ring plate and is perpendicular to the side wall of the connecting ring plate; the side wall of the connecting ring plate is attached to the end wall of the support tube, and the mounting ring is inserted into the support tube and connected with the inner side wall of the support tube.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when connecting axially adjacent stay tube, insert one of them stay tube with the collar on one side of the go-between board to link to each other with collar lateral wall and stay tube inside wall, remove another stay tube again and make the collar of go-between board opposite side insert in the stay tube, link to each other collar lateral wall and stay tube inside wall again, accomplish the connection of connection structure to two stay tubes promptly.
Optionally, the mounting ring is in clearance fit with the inner side wall of the support tube; the installation ring wall is provided with a strip-shaped connecting hole, a bolt is inserted into the strip-shaped connecting hole in a penetrating mode, one end of the bolt is in threaded connection with the inner side wall of the supporting tube, and the side wall of the bolt is in clearance fit with the inner side wall of the strip-shaped connecting hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when planning the tunnel and having the radian, rotatable stay tube, stay tube drive bolt along bar connecting hole length direction removal to realize the regulation to stay tube extending direction, reduce the influence of being connected between collar and the stay tube simultaneously.
Optionally, an elastic strip is arranged on the outer side wall of the mounting ring and abuts against the inner side wall of the supporting tube.
After the support tube rotates, gaps are formed between the support tube and the side walls of the connecting ring plates, and the soil layer on the outer side wall of the support tube is easy to leak into the support tube along the gaps; by adopting the technical scheme, the elastic strips are propped against the inner side wall of the support tube, so that the gap between the support tube and the side wall of the connecting ring plate is plugged, and the condition that soil layers on the outer side wall of the support tube leak into the support tube is reduced.
Optionally, the elastic strip is embedded on the outer side wall of the mounting ring.
In general, the elastic strip is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the mounting ring through gluing, and when the supporting tube moves relative to the mounting ring, the inner side wall of the supporting tube easily drives the position of the elastic strip to deviate; through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the elastic strip inlays to be established at the collar lateral wall, can realize spacing to the elastic strip on the collar lateral wall, reduces the stay tube inside wall and drives the condition that the elastic strip takes place the position offset.
Optionally, the side wall of the connecting ring plate is provided with a buffer pad.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when propping into the stay tube, the blotter can cushion the stay tube end wall, reduces the rigid contact between stay tube end wall and the go-between board lateral wall, reduces the stay tube end wall and takes place the condition of extrusion damage.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. through the use of the support tube, the situations that constructors need to perform primary support structure installation, waterproof layer, secondary lining construction and other operations are reduced, and the workload of the constructors is reduced.
2. The connecting framework can limit two axially adjacent support tubes, and improves the position stability between the axially adjacent support tubes.
3. The constructor can connect two stay tubes in the connection hole outside, has improved the convenience of connection operation between the stay tubes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process in an embodiment of the application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a system for characterizing the positional relationship of an originating well and a receiving well in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion a in fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure for embodying the positional relationship of the bottom plate, top plate and support columns in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a working well; 11. an originating well; 12. a receiving well; 13. a connection hole; 2. a support tube; 21. an opening; 22. a top plate; 23. a bottom plate; 24. a support column; 3. a connection structure; 31. connecting the annular plates; 311. a cushion pad; 32. a mounting ring; 321. a bar-shaped connection hole; 322. a bolt; 323. an elastic strip; 4. and (5) a jack.
Detailed Description
The application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-4.
The embodiment of the application discloses a small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process, which comprises the following steps with reference to fig. 1 and 2:
s1, excavating a working well 1: the working well 1 is excavated on the ground at the two ends of the length direction of the tunnel planning by utilizing an excavator, the working well 1 comprises an originating well 11 and a receiving well 12, and a bottom plate and a side plate are formed by utilizing concrete to pour the inner side walls and the bottom walls of the originating well 11 and the receiving well 12 so as to facilitate later construction.
S2, excavating a connecting hole 13: a plurality of connecting holes 13 are formed from the originating well 11 to the receiving well 12 along the length direction of the tunnel by using a shield tunneling machine so as to realize the communication between the originating well 11 and the receiving well 12; the cross sections of the connecting holes 13 enclose a ring shape.
S3, jacking into the support tube 2: the connecting hole 13 is opened forward in a stepwise manner, and a supporting pipe 2 is jacked into the connecting hole 13 when the connecting hole 13 is opened to a certain length; the inner side wall of the originating well 11, which is far away from the connecting hole 13, is provided with a jack 4, and the jack 4 can jack the supporting tube 2 into the connecting hole 13.
S4, communicating the support tube 2: after the support pipes 2 are installed, holes 21 are formed in the side walls of the two radially adjacent support pipes 2 along the length direction of the support pipes 2, soil layers between the two radially adjacent support pipes 2 are excavated, and the two radially adjacent support pipes 2 are communicated; the side walls of the support tubes 2 close to the two adjacent holes 21 are welded and fixedly connected with a top plate 22 and a bottom plate 23 so as to realize the connection of the adjacent support tubes 2; the supporting tube 2 is internally bundled with reinforcing steel bars through the hole 21, and reinforcing steel bars are fixedly connected along the length direction of the supporting tube 2 in a welding mode and are connected with the reinforcing steel bars bypassing the hole 21.
S5, pouring concrete: and pouring concrete into all the support pipes 2, and forming stable reinforced concrete together with the support pipes 2 after the concrete is cooled and formed, wherein the formation of the reinforced concrete can support soil layers on the outer side walls of the support pipes 2.
S6, excavating earthwork: and excavating earthwork in the reinforced concrete, forming a tunnel in the reinforced concrete, and finally constructing and installing an accessory structure in the tunnel to be put into use.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, two axially adjacent support tubes 2 are connected by a connecting structure 3, the connecting structure 3 comprises a connecting ring plate 31 and two mounting rings 32, and the two mounting rings 32 are fixedly connected on side walls of two sides of the connecting ring plate 31 by welding; the movable connecting structure 3 enables the mounting ring 32 on one side of the connecting ring plate 31 to be inserted into one support tube 2, and then enables the mounting ring 32 on the other side of the connecting ring plate 31 to be inserted into the other support tube 2, the side wall of the mounting ring 32 is provided with a strip-shaped connecting hole 321 in a penetrating way, the strip-shaped connecting hole 321 is internally provided with a bolt 322 in a penetrating way, and one end, close to the inner side wall of the support tube 2, of the bolt 322 is in threaded connection with the inner side wall of the support tube 2, so that connection of the two support tubes 2 is completed. The collar 32 and stay tube 2 inside wall clearance fit, bolt 322 lateral wall and bar connecting hole 321 inside wall clearance fit, when planning the tunnel to have the radian, rotatable stay tube 2, stay tube 2 drive bolt 322 along bar connecting hole 321 length direction removal to realize the regulation to stay tube 2 extending direction, reduce the influence of being connected between collar 32 and the stay tube 2 simultaneously.
Referring to fig. 3, an elastic strip 323 is embedded in the outer side wall of the mounting ring 32, the elastic strip 323 is made of elastic rubber, and the elastic strip 323 abuts against the inner side wall of the support tube 2; after the support tube 2 rotates, gaps are formed between the support tube 2 and the side walls of the connecting ring plates 31, and soil layers on the outer side walls of the support tube 2 leak into the support tube 2 along the gaps; the elastic strips 323 can seal the inside of the support tube 2, so that the condition that soil layers on the outer side wall of the support tube 2 leak into the support tube 2 is reduced.
Referring to fig. 3, the side walls of the connection ring plate 31 are fixedly connected with a cushion pad 311 through gluing, the cushion pad 311 is made of elastic rubber, the cushion pad 311 can cushion the end walls of the support tube 2, rigid contact between the end walls of the support tube 2 and the side walls of the connection ring plate 31 when the support tube 2 is jacked into the connection hole 13 is reduced, and extrusion damage of the end walls of the support tube 2 is reduced.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the width of the working well 1 is greater than the length of the double support pipes 2, so that a constructor can connect the two support pipes 2 outside the connection hole 13, the influence of the connection hole 13 on the connection of the two support pipes 2 is reduced, and the convenience of connection operation between the support pipes 2 is improved.
Referring to fig. 4, a support column 24 is fixedly connected between a top plate 22 and a bottom plate 23 by welding, and the support column 24 is an iron column; the number of the support columns 24 is four in the present embodiment, and the support columns 24 can support the top plate 22, so that the situation that the soil layer pressed above the top plate 22 breaks the connection part of the top plate 22 and the support tube 2 is reduced.
The implementation principle of the small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows:
excavating an originating well 11 and a receiving well 12 on the ground at two ends of the length direction of tunnel planning by utilizing an excavator, and pouring and forming a bottom plate 23 and a side plate on the inner side wall and the bottom wall of the originating well 11 and the receiving well 12 by utilizing concrete; a plurality of connecting holes 13 are opened from an originating well 11 to a receiving well 12 in a stepwise manner along the length direction of the tunnel by using a shield machine, each time the connecting holes 13 are opened to a certain length, one supporting tube 2 is jacked into the holes, each time one supporting tube 2 is jacked into the holes, a new supporting tube 2 is added into the originating well 11, and the new supporting tube 2 is connected with the last supporting tube 2.
After the support pipes 2 are installed, holes 21 are formed in the side walls of the two radially adjacent support pipes 2 along the length direction of the support rods, soil layers between the two radially adjacent support pipes 2 are excavated, and the two radially adjacent support pipes 2 are communicated; the side walls of the support tube 2, which are close to two adjacent holes 21, are fixedly connected with a top plate 22 and a bottom plate 23 by welding, the holes 21 are blocked, a support column 24 is fixedly connected between the top plate 22 and the bottom plate 23 by welding, reinforcement is bundled in the support tube 2 through the holes 21, reinforcement bars are fixedly connected along the length direction of the support tube 2 by welding, and the reinforcement bars are connected with reinforcement bars bypassing the holes 21; and (3) pouring concrete into all support pipes 2 to form a stable reinforced concrete, digging out earthwork in the reinforced concrete, forming a tunnel in the reinforced concrete, and finally constructing and installing an accessory structure in the tunnel.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.
Claims (6)
1. The small clear distance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, excavating a working well (1): excavating working wells (1) at two ends of the tunnel in the length direction, wherein two working wells (1) comprise an originating well (11) and a receiving well (12);
s2, excavating a connecting hole (13): starting from an originating well (11), a plurality of connecting holes (13) are formed in a stepwise manner along the length direction of the tunnel towards a receiving well (12), and the connecting holes (13) are surrounded into a ring shape;
s3, jacking into the supporting tube (2): when the connecting hole (13) is opened for one stage, one supporting tube (2) is jacked into the connecting hole (13); a connecting structure (3) is arranged between two axially adjacent support pipes (2), and the two support pipes (2) are connected through the connecting structure (3); the connecting structure (3) comprises a connecting ring plate (31) and two mounting rings (32), wherein the two mounting rings (32) are positioned on two sides of the connecting ring plate (31) and are vertically arranged on the side walls of the connecting ring plate (31), and the two mounting rings 32 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the two sides of the connecting ring plate 31 by welding; the side wall of the connecting ring plate (31) is attached to the end wall of the support tube (2), and the mounting ring (32) is inserted into the support tube (2) and connected with the inner side wall of the support tube (2);
the mounting ring (32) is in clearance fit with the inner side wall of the supporting tube (2); the mounting ring (32) is provided with a strip-shaped connecting hole (321) on the plate wall, a bolt (322) is inserted into the strip-shaped connecting hole (321) in a penetrating way, one end of the bolt (322) is in threaded connection with the inner side wall of the support tube (2), and the side wall of the bolt (322) is in clearance fit with the inner side wall of the strip-shaped connecting hole (321); when the radian of the tunnel is planned, the support tube (2) can be rotated, the support tube (2) drives the bolt (322) to move along the length direction of the strip-shaped connecting hole (321) so as to realize the adjustment of the extending direction of the support tube (2), and meanwhile, the influence on the connection between the mounting ring (32) and the support tube (2) is reduced;
s4, communicating the support pipes (2): communicating the support pipes (2) which are adjacent in the radial direction, and binding reinforcing steel bars in the support pipes (2); after the support pipes (2) are installed, holes (21) are formed in the side walls of the two radially adjacent support pipes (2) along the length direction of the support pipes (2), soil layers between the two radially adjacent support pipes (2) are excavated, and the two radially adjacent support pipes (2) are communicated; the side walls of the support tubes (2) close to the two adjacent holes (21) are welded and fixedly connected with a top plate (22) and a bottom plate (23) so as to realize the connection of the adjacent support tubes (2); binding reinforcing steel bars in the support tube (2) through the hole (21), and fixedly connecting reinforcing steel bars in a welding manner along the length direction of the support tube (2), wherein the reinforcing steel bars are connected with reinforcing steel bars bypassing the hole (21);
s5, pouring concrete: pouring concrete into all support pipes (2) to form reinforced concrete; pouring concrete into all the support pipes (2), and forming stable reinforced concrete together with the support pipes (2) after the concrete is cooled and formed, wherein the formation of the reinforced concrete can support soil layers on the outer side walls of the support pipes (2);
s6, excavating earthwork: and excavating earthwork in the reinforced concrete to form a tunnel.
2. The small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process of claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S4, the communication part is sealed between the radially adjacent supporting tubes (2) through a top plate (22) and a bottom plate (23), and a supporting column (24) is arranged between the top plate (22) and the bottom plate (23).
3. The small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process of claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the working well (1) is larger than the length of the double support tube (2).
4. The small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process of claim 1, characterized in that: the outer side wall of the mounting ring (32) is provided with an elastic strip (323), and the elastic strip (323) is propped against the inner side wall of the supporting tube (2).
5. The small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the elastic strip (323) is embedded on the outer side wall of the mounting ring (32).
6. The small-clearance multi-hole undercut tunnel construction process of claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the connecting ring plate (31) is provided with a buffer pad (311).
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| CN202110935342.2A CN113685187B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Construction process of small-clear-distance multi-hole undercut tunnel |
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| CN202110935342.2A CN113685187B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Construction process of small-clear-distance multi-hole undercut tunnel |
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| CN113685187B true CN113685187B (en) | 2023-12-01 |
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| CN114382496A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-04-22 | 山西开源益通矿业设备制造有限公司 | Mine tunnel deep hole miniature shield machine |
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